BALLISTIC BARRIERS AND ENCLOSURES AND METHODS FOR PROVIDING BALLISTIC BARRIERS AND ENCLOSURES
Ballistic barriers, ballistic enclosures, and methods of fabricating ballistic barriers and ballistic enclosures are provided. The ballistic barrier comprises a panel having a plurality of woven sheets and a matrix, for example, a resin matrix, adapted to retain the plurality of woven sheets; and a protective elastomeric layer mounted to at least one side of the panel, but typically both sides. The barriers may be provided with camouflage to assist in concealing the barrier or the enclosure. The ballistic enclosures include support structures adapted to retain the ballistic barriers, for example, about a potential target, such, as personnel, equipment, or a structure. Aspects of the invention may be uniquely adapted to protect domestic infrastructure, such as, components of the electric power grid; however, aspects of the invention may be used to protect any potential target of vandalism or aggression.
This application claims priority from pending U.S. Provisional Patent Application 61/983,302, filed on Apr. 23, 2014, the disclosure of which is included by reference herein in its entirety.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION1. Technical Field
The present invention generally relates to ballistic barriers, for example, bullet-resistant barriers and the like. Specifically, embodiments of the present invention provide modular ballistic barriers, modular ballistic enclosures, and methods of providing ballistic barriers and enclosures having barriers comprising fiber-reinforced panels coated with an elastomeric film.
2. Description of Related Art
Ballistic protection of personnel, equipment, and structures is an ever-present concern in the global environment of the early 21st century. The protection of personal and physical assets, either from incidental mischievous activity or from sophisticated internal and external antagonists, extends beyond the scope of military and “homeland” security to commercial, municipal, and even residential protection. For example, recent headlines highlight the vulnerability of US infrastructure, in particular, equipment and facilities associated with the electrical power grid.
Aspects of the present invention provide ballistic barriers, ballistic enclosures, and methods for providing ballistic barriers and ballistic enclosures that provide further options for protection to military, municipal, commercial, and residential users.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTIONEmbodiments and aspects of the present invention provide ballistic barriers, ballistic enclosures, and methods for providing ballistic barriers and ballistic enclosures that overcome the disadvantages of existing barriers and enclosures. Aspects of the present invention are advantageously lightweight, portable, and modular in design. Aspects of the invention minimize or avoid interfering with electromagnetic transmissions, for example, radio signals or microwave transmissions. In addition, aspects of the invention can be concealed or “camouflaged” to minimize or prevent detection.
One embodiment of the invention is a ballistic barrier comprising or including: a panel comprising a plurality of woven sheets and a matrix, for example, a resin matrix, adapted to retain the plurality of woven sheets; and an elastomeric layer mounted to at least one side of the panel. According to one aspect, the plurality of woven sheets may be fiberglass woven sheets. In another aspect, the resin matrix may be a polyester resin or a polyurethane resin. According to another aspect, the elastomeric layer may be a polymer, for example, a natural polymer or a synthetic polymer.
According to one aspect of the invention, the elastomeric layer of the ballistic barrier may include fibers, for example, plastic fibers or glass fibers.
According to another aspect of the invention, the ballistic barrier may include at least one sensor adapted to detect contact with the ballistic barrier.
In another aspect, the ballistic barrier may further include a cosmetic layer, for example, providing camouflage, and comprise a layer of paint or a layer of sheet material.
Another embodiment of the invention is a method of fabricating a ballistic barrier. The method may comprise or include: providing a panel comprising a plurality of woven sheets and a matrix adapted to retain the plurality of woven sheets; and at least partially covering at least one side of the panel with an elastomeric film. Typically, both sides of the panel are covered with an elastomeric material. In one aspect of the invention, the method may further comprise introducing fibers to the elastomeric layer, for example, by exposing at least one side of the panel to a vacuum.
In one aspect of the invention, providing the panel may be practiced by positioning the plurality of woven sheets, introducing a fluid matrix to the positioned plurality of woven sheets, and allowing the fluid matrix to cure to form the panel. In one aspect, each of the plurality of woven sheets comprises a direction of orientation, and positioning the plurality of woven sheets comprises varying the direction of orientation of the plurality of woven sheets.
A further aspect of the invention is a ballistic enclosure comprising or including a support structure; a plurality of ballistic barriers, each of the plurality of ballistic barriers comprising a panel comprising a plurality of woven sheets and a matrix adapted to retain the plurality of woven sheets; and an elastomeric layer mounted to at least one side of the panel; and means for mounting the plurality of ballistic barriers to the support structure. In one aspect of this invention, the support structure comprises a plurality of horizontal members and a plurality of vertical members adapted to receive at least one of the plurality of ballistic barriers. For example, the plurality of horizontal members and the plurality of vertical members may each have elongated cavities adapted to receive, for example, slidably receive, the at least one of the plurality of ballistic barriers. In one aspect, the ballistic enclosure is a modular enclosure.
A still further aspect of the invention is a ballistic barrier kit comprising or including: at least one ballistic barrier comprising a panel comprising a plurality of woven sheets and a matrix adapted to retain the plurality of woven sheets; and an elastomeric layer mounted to at least one side of the panel; and a support structure adapted to receive the at least one ballistic barrier. In one aspect, the kit may further include a plurality of fasteners adapted to retain the at least one ballistic barrier on the support structure. In another aspect, the kit may further include installation instructions, for example, an instruction manual.
A further embodiment of the invention is a method of providing a ballistic enclosure comprising or including: providing a ballistic barrier support structure; and mounting a plurality of ballistic barriers to the support structure, each of the plurality of ballistic barriers comprising a panel comprising a plurality of woven sheets and a matrix adapted to retain the plurality of woven sheets; and an elastomeric layer mounted to at least one side of the panel. In one aspect, mounting the plurality of ballistic barriers to the support structure comprises positioning the plurality of ballistic barriers on the support structure and retaining the plurality of ballistic barriers on the support structure with fasteners. In another aspect, the support structure comprises a plurality of horizontal members and a plurality of vertical members adapted to receive at least one of the plurality of ballistic barriers, and mounting the plurality of ballistic barriers to the support structure comprises mounting, for example, slidably mounting, the at least one of the plurality of ballistic barriers to the plurality of horizontal members and to the plurality of vertical members.
These and other aspects, features, and advantages of this invention will become apparent from the following detailed description of the various aspects of the invention taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings
The subject matter, which is regarded as the invention, is particularly pointed out and distinctly claimed in the claims at the conclusion of the specification. The foregoing and other objects, features, and advantages of the invention will be readily understood from the following detailed description of aspects of the invention taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in which:
Embodiments of the present invention, and their numerous aspects, provide ballistic barriers, systems of barriers, arrangements of barriers, and methods of providing ballistic barriers and enclosures for protecting personnel, equipment, and structures from ballistic impact, for example, impact by projectiles, such as, bullets, rocks, stones, and ordinance, among other projectiles. Aspects of the present invention employ ballistic barriers, for example, bullet-proof panels, that may provide improved ballistic resistance while enhancing resistance to environmental conditions, such as, wind, rain, snow, ultraviolet light, among other environmental conditions. Though aspects of the invention may be uniquely adapted to protect electrical equipment, such as, power substations, other aspects of the invention may be used to protect a broad range of equipment, structures, and vehicles, among other potential targets of attack or vandalism.
In one aspect, the woven sheets 12 may comprise woven plastic fibers, for example, polyamide (PA) fibers, such as, nylon; polyethylene (PE) fibers, both high-density polyethylene (HDPE), for instance, an ultrahigh molecular weight (UHMW) polyethylene fiber, such as, a UHMW polyethylene provided by Honeywell or a liquid crystal aromatic polyester, such as, Vectran® fibers provided by Warwick Mills, and low-density polyethylene (LDPE) fibers; polyethylene terephthalate (PET) fibers; polypropylene (PP) fibers; polyester (PE) fibers; polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) fibers; polystyrene (PS) fibers; acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) fibers; polycarbonate (PC) fibers, such as, Lexan® polycarbonate fibers; or polyvinylchloride (PVC) fibers; para-aramid fibers, such as Dupont's Kevlar® fibers; aramid fibers, such as Teijin's Technora®, Tawron®, or Conex® fibers or Dupont's Nomex® fibers, among other plastic fibers.
Woven sheets 14 may have a thickness ranging from about 0.020 inches to about 0.25 inches, but are typically between about 0.025 inches and about 0.050 inches in thickness, for example, about 0.031 inches ( 1/32 of an inch).
The matrix 16 which is adapted to retain the woven sheets 14 may typically comprise a “resin,” for example, a plastic resin, whereby panel 12 may comprise a fiber-reinforced plastic panel. In one aspect, the resin of matrix 16 may comprise any material that can be applied to woven sheets 14 as a fluid and then be hardened (for example, cured) under appropriate conditions to, for example, retain and/or impregnate the woven sheets 14. In one aspect, matrix 16 may be a plastic resin, for example, an epoxy resin, a polyester resin, a vinyl ester resin, or a polyurethane resin.
In one aspect, matrix 16 may comprise a natural or a synthetic resin. For instance, matrix 16 may comprise an epoxy resin or a plastic resin, for example, a thermosetting plastic resin.
Panel 12 comprising woven sheets 14 and matrix 16 may be of varying density and dimension. For example, in one aspect, panel 12 may have a “density” of between 1 pound per square foot [#/sf] to 10 #/sf, but typically has a density between about 3 #/sf to about 7 #/sf.
In one aspect, panel 12 may comprise a projectile-resistant fiberglass panel, for example, bullet-resistant fiberglass panel a provided by Waco Composites, Ltd. of Waco, Texas [www.armorcore.com], for example, a panel marketed under the trademark “ARMORCORE” by Waco Composites.
According to aspects of the invention, elastomeric film or layer 18 is used to provide at least some protection to panel 12, for example, environmental protection—for instance, to withstand outdoor conditions. Specifically, in one aspect, elastomeric film or layer 18 may be provided to provide at least some protection from exposure to ultraviolet (UV) light (for example, from the UV light in sun light), for example, when panel 12 may be deteriorated by exposure to UV light. Accordingly, in one aspect, elastomeric film or layer 18 minimizes or prevents the passage of UV light through layer 18 and onto panel 12. In another aspect, film or layer 18 may provide at least some protection of panel 12 from weathering, for example, exposure to wind, rain, snow, or other precipitation. In one aspect, film or layer 18 may also provide protection of panel 12 chemical attack or corrosion, for example, from moisture, an acid, or an alkali. Film or layer 18 may also minimize or prevent cracking or other deterioration of film or layer 18. In one aspect, film or layer 18 may provide a non-slip surface, for example, having particles (such as sand) or fibers that provide at least some resistance to slippage.
In one aspect, elastomeric film or layer 18 may comprise any elastomeric material, for example, any “rubber” material,” that can be applied to panel 12. For example, in one aspect, elastomeric film 18 may be a natural polymer, such as, polyisoprene rubber, or a synthetic polymer, such as, a neoprene, a thermoplastic elastomer, a thermoplastic rubber, and a polyvinyl chloride, or an ethylene propylene diene monomer (EPDM) rubber, and the like.
In one aspect, elastomeric film 18 may comprise a urethane or polyurethane, for example, a urethane or a polyurethane having at least some resistance to UV light. For example, in one aspect, elastomeric film 18 may comprise a urethane coating provided by Industrial Polymers Corporation and marketed under the trademark SPEEDLINER® or SPEEDLINER 1000, or like materials. In another aspect, elastomeric film 18 may comprises a hexamethylene diisocyanate polymer. For example, in one aspect, elastomeric film 18 may comprise a hexamethylene diisocyanate polymer coating provided by Magnet Paint & Shellac Co. and marketed under the trademark MONSTALINER™, or like materials.
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The layer or film 18 may be applied to panel 12 by any contemporary method of applying a fluid to a surface. In one aspect, panel 12 may be dipped into a vat of fluid elastomer 18 to apply elastomer film 18 to panel 12. In one aspect, fluid elastomer 18 may be applied by paintbrush, for example, manually applied by paintbrush. In another aspect, fluid elastomer 18 may be sprayed onto panel 12, for example, using a conventional paint sprayer. In another aspect, fluid elastomer 18 may be applied to panel 12 with the assistance of an under pressure (for example, a vacuum). For example, in one aspect, one side of panel 12 may be exposed, for example, sprayed, with fluid elastomer 18 while the opposite side of panel 12 is exposed to vacuum (for example, at least 2 inches of Hg absolute, for instance, about 2 inches to about 4 inches of Hg absolute) whereby at least some of the fluid elastomer 18 is drawn into, impregnated into, or infiltrated into panel 12. In a related aspect, when fluid elastomer 18 contains at least some additives, such as, fibers 19, when fluid elastomer 18 is applied under the influence of vacuum, at least some of the additives, for example, the fibers 19, may be at least partially drawn into, impregnated into, or infiltrated into panel 12. The impregnation or infiltration of panel 12 with additives, such as, fibers 19, can provide a barrier 10 having enhanced properties, such as, enhanced strength, enhanced UV resistance, and/or enhanced resistance to weathering.
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In one aspect of the invention, barriers 52 may be mounted to supports 54 to allow for easy removal of barriers 52 from supports 54, for example, for replacement or servicing. For example, fasteners 56 may be adapted for quick or immediate release from supports 54. In one aspect, fasteners 56 may comprise one or more magnetic fasteners, whereby barriers 52 may be mounted to supports 54 by magnetic attraction, for example, ferromagnetic attraction. For example, in on aspect, supports 54 may be at least partially ferromagnetic, for example, comprise carbon steel, and one or more magnets may be mounted to the back of barriers 52 and magnetically adhere to ferromagnetic supports 54. Conversely, barrier 52 may be at least partially ferromagnetic, for example, comprise at least some carbon steel, and one or more magnets may be mounted to supports 54.
In one aspect of the invention, sensor 60 comprises an accelerometer mounted to barrier 52 and adapted to emit a signal when a predetermined acceleration of barrier 52 is detected. In another aspect, sensor 60 may comprise a piezoelectric sensor adapted to emit a signal when a predetermined load or pressure is experienced by the sensor 60. In another aspect, the sensor 60 may be sonic sensor adapted to detect motion of barrier 52. Other sensors 60 that may be used to detect the movement, motion, and/or vibration of barrier 52 will be apparent to those of skill in the art.
In one aspect of the invention, the signal 62 and/or 64 emitted upon activation of sensor 60 may be an audible alarm, such as, a siren or bell, and/or a visible signal, such as, a light or flare. In another aspect of the invention, signal 62 and/or 64 may be a wired or wireless signal to a receiver, for example, a nearby or a remote receiver adapted to receive signal 62 and/or 64 and then emit an alarm, warning message, or notify personnel, for example, electrical utility workers or security personal, of the detection of motion, movement, and/or vibration of barrier 52. Sensor 60 and signals 62 and/or 64 may be adapted and used for any barrier or barrier enclosure disclosed herein, including in arrangements 70 and shown in
The component 76 protected by barrier assemblies 74 may be any device, equipment, enclosure, building, vehicle, and/or personnel that requires protection, for example, from projectiles, such as, bullets, rocks, or shrapnel, and the like. In one aspect, component 76 may be a piece of electrical equipment, for example, a component of an electrical supply system, substation, or power “grid,” such as, a electrical transformer, electrical generator, or electrical power storage device, and the like. Other components 76 that aspects of the invention may be used to protect include, but are not limited to, cooling systems, cellular phone towers and equipment, nuclear power plants and equipment, automobiles, trucks, bushes, military or police vehicles, homes, residences, and office buildings, and the like. Though aspects of the invention may be uniquely adapted for protecting components 76 located out of doors, aspects of the invention can also be used to protect components 76 positioned indoors, for example, in a building or in a military facility.
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Uprights 80, upper beams 82, lower beams 84 may each be fabricated from conventional structural materials, for example, a steel, such as stainless steel; an aluminum; a titanium; or even a wood.
The component 96 protected by barrier assemblies 92 may be any one or more of the components, devices, equipment, vehicles, or enclosures disclosed above, for example, an electrical transformer.
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According to one aspect of the invention, the arrangement or system 90 shown in
From the preceding discussion, it will be apparent that embodiments of the invention disclosed herein provide ballistic barriers, methods of fabricating ballistic barriers, ballistic enclosures, methods of fabricating ballistic enclosures, and ballistic enclosure kits that address the disadvantages of the prior. Though aspects of the invention are described herein for use in protecting outdoor facilities, such as, electrical grid equipment, it is envisioned that aspects of the present invention may be adapted and used for any situation or environment requiring ballistic protection. These environments include municipal, federal, and military facilities, including naval and marine applications. In one aspect of the invention, the lightweight and portable features of the invention can be effective in facilitating the transportation, construction, and subsequent dismantling of ballistic enclosures, for example, on or near a field of engagement or fire fight, or on or near a hostile incident, such as, providing a SWAT team command station. Other applications and uses of embodiments and aspects of the invention will be apparent to those of skill in the art.
While several aspects of the present invention have been described and depicted herein, alternative aspects may be effected by those skilled in the art to accomplish the same objectives. Accordingly, it is intended by the appended claims to cover all such alternative aspects as fall within the true spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims
1. A ballistic barrier comprising:
- a panel comprising a plurality of woven sheets and a matrix adapted to retain the plurality of woven sheets; and
- an elastomeric layer mounted to at least one side of the panel.
2. The ballistic barrier as recited in claim 1, wherein each of the plurality of woven sheets comprises a fiberglass woven sheet.
3. The ballistic barrier as recited in claim 1, wherein the matrix comprises a resin.
4. The ballistic barrier as recited in claim 3, wherein the resin comprises one of a polyester resin and a polyurethane resin.
5. The ballistic barrier as recited in claim 1, wherein the elastomeric layer comprises a polymer.
6. The ballistic barrier as recited in claim 5, wherein the polymer comprises at least one of a natural polymer and a synthetic polymer.
7. The ballistic barrier as recited in claim 6, wherein synthetic polymer comprises one or more of a urethane, a neoprene, a thermoplastic elastomer, a thermoplastic rubber, a polyvinyl chloride, an ethylene propylene diene monomer (EPDM) rubber.
8. The ballistic barrier as recited in claim 1, wherein the elastomeric layer comprises fibers.
9. The ballistic barrier as recited in claim 5, wherein the fibers of the elastomeric layer comprises one of plastic fibers and glass fibers.
10. The ballistic barrier as recited in claim 1, wherein the panel further comprises at least one sensor adapted to detect contact with the ballistic barrier.
11. The ballistic barrier as recited in claim 1, wherein each of the plurality of woven sheets have a direction of orientation, and wherein the direction of orientation of at least some of the plurality of sheets varies.
12. The ballistic barrier as recited in claim 11, wherein the direction of orientation of at least some of the plurality of sheets varies by at least 15 degrees.
13. The ballistic barrier as recited in claim 1, wherein the ballistic barrier further comprises a cosmetic layer.
14. The ballistic barrier as recited in claim 13, wherein the cosmetic layer comprises at least one of a layer of paint and a layer of sheet material.
15-31. (canceled)
32. A ballistic barrier kit comprising:
- at least one ballistic barrier comprising a panel comprising a plurality of woven sheets and a matrix adapted to retain the plurality of woven sheets; and an elastomeric layer mounted to at least one side of the panel; and
- a support structure adapted to receive the at least one ballistic barrier.
33. The kit as recited in claim 32, wherein the kit further comprises a plurality of fasteners adapted to retain the at least one ballistic barrier on the support structure.
34. The kit as recited in claim 32, wherein the kit further comprises installation instructions.
35. The kit as recited in claim 34, wherein the installation instructions comprise an instruction manual.
36-39. (canceled)
Type: Application
Filed: Apr 21, 2015
Publication Date: Oct 29, 2015
Inventor: Joseph Andrew Navarra (Troy, NY)
Application Number: 14/691,638