Expandable Section Mill and Method
An expandable section mill includes a body having an outer surface and an inner cavity, a piston disposed within the inner cavity, a jaw member pivotally connected to a lower end of the body, and a blade assembly affixed to a tapered surface of the jaw member. The tapered surface of the jaw member includes a wear surface below the blade assembly. The jaw member includes an internal channel system for fluid flow through the jaw member to one or more outlets on the jaw member. The piston is moveable within the inner cavity for pivoting the jaw member between a retracted position and an extended position. In the retracted position, the blade assembly is positioned radially inward relative to the outer surface of the body. In the extended position, the blade assembly extends radially outward relative to the outer surface of the body.
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Referring now to
Piston 30 and jaw members 16 and 18 may include internal channels or fluid paths that allow fluid flowing through internal channel 34 and inner cavity 32 of body 14 to flow through piston 30 and jaw members 16 and 18 to assist in the cutting or sectioning process. Referring to
Expandable section mill 10 may further include one or more seals for preventing leaks of the fluid flowing through top sub 12 and body 14. As shown in
Referring now to
With reference now to
With reference again to
Over time, the outer surfaces of wear inserts 78 of first and second jaw members 16 and 18 may engage inner surface 102 of casing 100 below the cut or sectioned portion as shown in
Casing 100 may be disposed in a wellbore with one or more other casings concentrically arranged and separated by cement in each annular space. For example,
Expandable section mill 10 may be used with jaw members of varying lengths to accomplish cutting or sectioning of casing or other tubular members having varying internal diameters. Referring now to
As shown in
While preferred embodiments have been described, it is to be understood that the embodiments are illustrative only and that the scope of the invention is to be defined solely by the appended claims when accorded a full range of equivalents, many variations and modifications naturally occurring to those skilled in the art from a review hereof.
Claims
1. An expandable section mill comprising:
- a body having an outer surface and an inner cavity;
- a piston disposed within the inner cavity of the body;
- a jaw member pivotally connected to a lower end of the body, the jaw member including a tapered surface and an internal channel system for fluid flow through the jaw member;
- a blade assembly affixed to the tapered surface of the jaw member, wherein the tapered surface includes a wear surface below the blade assembly.
2. The expandable section mill of claim 1, wherein the piston is moveable within the inner cavity for pivoting the jaw member between a retracted position, in which the blade assembly is positioned radially inward relative to the outer surface of the body, and an extended position, in which the blade assembly extends radially outward relative to the outer surface of the body.
3. The expandable section mill of claim 2, wherein an upper end of the jaw member includes a pivot surface for pivoting the jaw member into the extended position when a lower end of the piston contacts the pivot surface.
4. The expandable section mill of claim 2, wherein the piston comprises a shoulder, and the inner cavity of the body comprises a reciprocal shoulder for engaging the shoulder of the piston in the extended position.
5. The expandable section mill of claim 2, wherein the wear surface is formed by a wear insert affixed within a recess on the tapered surface, wherein an outer surface of the wear insert has a curvature that matches a curvature of the tapered surface.
6. The expandable section mill of claim 2, wherein the blade assembly comprises a cutting member affixed to a blade support, and wherein the blade support is affixed to a recess on the tapered surface of the jaw member.
7. The expandable section mill of claim 6, wherein the internal channel system includes an outlet on the tapered surface adjacent to the cutting member of the blade assembly for fluid flow through the jaw member to the cutting member of the blade assembly.
8. The expandable section mill of claim 7, wherein the internal channel system includes an outlet on a lower end of the jaw member and an outlet on a rear surface of the jaw member for fluid flow through the jaw member to the lower end and the rear surface thereof.
9. The expandable section mill of claim 2, wherein the blade assembly comprises a scraper blade affixed to a recess on the tapered surface of the jaw member.
10. The expandable section mill of claim 2, wherein the piston includes a first internal channel in fluid communication with the internal channel system of the jaw member for fluid flow through the piston and the jaw member.
11. The expandable section mill of claim 10, wherein the piston further includes a second internal channel, and the jaw member further includes a proximal internal channel extending to an outlet on a rear surface of the jaw member; and wherein the second internal channel of the piston is in fluid communication with the proximal internal channel of the jaw member for fluid flow through the piston and the jaw member to the rear surface thereof.
12. The expandable section mill of claim 11, further comprising a guide bolt disposed through an aperture in the body, wherein a distal end of the guide bolt extends into the inner cavity of the body and is disposed within a vertical slot of the piston for preventing rotation of the piston within the inner cavity and for maintaining alignment of the first internal channel of the piston with the internal channel system of the jaw member and alignment of the second internal channel of the piston with the proximal internal channel of the jaw member.
13. The expandable section mill of claim 11, wherein the jaw member is pivotally connected to the body with a hinge pin, wherein the hinge pin includes an internal channel interconnecting segments of the proximal internal channel of the jaw member.
14. The expandable section mill of claim 1, further comprising a top sub having an internal channel in fluid communication with the inner cavity of the body.
15. The expandable section mill of claim 1, further comprising: a second jaw member pivotally connected to the lower end of the body, the second jaw member having a tapered surface and an internal channel system for fluid flow through the second jaw member, and a second blade assembly affixed to the tapered surface of the second jaw member; and wherein the internal channel system of the second jaw member includes an outlet on the tapered surface adjacent to a cutting member of the second blade assembly for fluid flow through the second jaw member to the cutting member of the second blade assembly.
16. An expandable section mill comprising:
- a body having an outer surface and an inner cavity;
- a piston disposed within the inner cavity of the body;
- a first jaw member pivotally connected to a lower end of the body, the first jaw member including a tapered surface and an internal channel system having an outlet on the tapered surface of the first jaw member;
- a first blade assembly affixed to the tapered surface of the first jaw member, wherein the tapered surface of the first jaw member includes a first wear surface below the first blade assembly;
- a second jaw member pivotally connected to the lower end of the body, the second jaw member including a tapered surface and an internal channel system having an outlet on the tapered surface of the second jaw member; and
- a second blade assembly affixed to the tapered surface of the second jaw member, wherein the tapered surface of the second jaw member includes a second wear surface below the second blade assembly.
17. The expandable section mill of claim 16, wherein the first and second wear surfaces each includes a wear insert affixed within a recess on each of the tapered surfaces of the first and second jaw members, wherein an outer surface of each of the first and second wear inserts has a curvature that matches a curvature of the tapered surfaces of the first and second jaw members.
18. The expandable section mill of claim 17, wherein the piston is moveable within the inner cavity for pivoting the first and second jaw members between a retracted position, in which the first and second blade assemblies are positioned radially inward relative to the outer surface of the body, and an extended position, in which the first and second blade assemblies extend radially outward relative to the outer surface of the body.
19. The expandable section mill of claim 18, wherein an upper end of each of the first and second jaw members includes a pivot surface for pivoting the first and second jaw members into the extended position when a lower end of the piston contacts each pivot surface.
20. The expandable section mill of claim 18, wherein the outlets of the internal channel systems of the first and second jaw members are disposed adjacent to the first and second blade assemblies on the tapered surfaces for fluid flow through the first and second jaw members to the first and second blade assemblies.
21. The expandable section mill of claim 20, wherein in the extended position, a first internal channel of the piston is in fluid communication with the internal channel system of the first jaw member and a second internal channel of the piston is in fluid communication with the internal channel system of the second jaw member.
22. The expandable section mill of claim 21, wherein the piston includes a third internal channel, the first jaw member includes a proximal internal channel extending to an outlet on a rear surface of the first jaw member, and the second jaw member includes a proximal internal channel extending to an outlet on a rear surface of the second jaw member; and wherein in the extended position, the third internal channel of the piston is in fluid communication with the proximal internal channels of the first and second jaw members for fluid flow through the piston and first and second jaw members to the rear surfaces thereof.
23. A method of cutting a section of a tubular member in a wellbore, comprising the steps of:
- a) providing an expandable section mill comprising a body having an outer surface and an inner cavity, a piston disposed within the inner cavity of the body, a first jaw member and a second jaw member each pivotally connected to a lower end of the body, each of the first and second jaw members including a tapered surface and an internal channel system for fluid flow through the first and second jaw members, a first blade assembly affixed to the tapered surface of the first jaw member, and a second blade assembly affixed to the tapered surface of the second jaw member, wherein the tapered surfaces of the first and second jaw members each includes a wear surface below the first and second blade assemblies;
- b) lowering the expandable section mill in a retracted position through the tubular member, wherein in the retracted position, the first and second blade assemblies are positioned radially inward relative to the outer surface of the body;
- c) pivoting the first and second jaw members into an extended position within the tubular member, wherein in the extended position, the first and second blade assemblies extend radially outward relative to the outer surface of the body such that a cutting member of the first blade assembly and a cutting member of the second blade assembly contact an inner surface of the tubular member; and
- d) rotating the expandable section mill in the extended position in order to cut a section of the tubular member with the cutting members of the first and second blade assemblies.
24. The method of claim 23, wherein the expandable section mill further includes a top sub having an internal channel in fluid communication with the inner cavity of the body; and wherein step (c) further comprises:
- i) increasing a pressure of a fluid flowing through the internal channel of the top sub and into the inner cavity of the body to transfer the piston downward; and
- ii) pivoting the first and second jaw members into the extended position by operatively engaging a pivot surface on an upper end of the first jaw member and a pivot surface on an upper end of the second jaw member with a lower end of the piston.
25. The method of claim 23, further comprising the steps of:
- e) cutting into the tubular member until the wear surfaces of the first and second jaw members contact the inner surface of the tubular member below the cut section; and
- f) lowering the expandable section mill while rotating in the extended position to extend the cut section of the tubular member.
26. The method of claim 23, wherein the tubular member is disposed within a second tubular member in the wellbore, and wherein a cement layer is disposed between an outer surface of the tubular member and an inner surface of the second tubular member, wherein the method further comprises the steps of:
- e) pivoting the first and second jaw members into the retracted position and lifting the expandable section mill out of the tubular member;
- f) removing the first and second blade assemblies from the first and second jaw members;
- g) affixing a first scraper blade assembly to the tapered surface of the first jaw member and affixing a second scraper blade assembly to the tapered surface of the second jaw member;
- h) lowering the expandable section mill in the retracted position through the tubular member until the first and second jaw members are aligned with the cut section of the tubular member;
- i) pivoting the first and second jaw members into the extended position such that the first and second scraper blade assemblies contact the cement layer;
- j) rotating the expandable section mill in the extended position in order to remove a section of the cement layer with the first and second scraper blade assemblies.
27. The method of claim 26, further comprising the steps of:
- k) pivoting the first and second jaw members into the retracted position and lifting the expandable section mill out of the tubular member;
- l) removing the first and second jaw members from the expandable section mill;
- m) pivotally attaching a third jaw member and a fourth jaw member to the lower end of the body, wherein each of the third and fourth jaw members include a tapered surface and an internal channel system for fluid flow through the third and fourth jaw members, wherein a third blade assembly is affixed to the tapered surface of the third jaw member and a fourth blade assembly is affixed to the tapered surface of the fourth jaw member, and wherein the third and fourth jaw members are longer than the first and second jaw members such that the third and fourth blade assemblies are spaced a greater distance from the body than the first and second blade assemblies on the first and second jaw members;
- n) lowering the expandable section mill in a retracted position through the tubular member until the third and fourth jaw members are aligned with the removed section of the cement layer, wherein in the retracted position, the third and fourth blade assemblies are positioned radially inward relative to the outer surface of the body;
- o) pivoting the third and fourth jaw members into an extended position, wherein in the extended position, the third and fourth blade assemblies extend radially outward relative to the outer surface of the body such that a cutting member of the third blade assembly and a cutting member of the fourth blade assembly contact an inner surface of the second tubular member; and
- p) rotating the expandable section mill in the extended position in order to cut a section of the tubular member with the cutting members of the third and fourth blade assemblies.
28. The method of claim 23, further comprising the steps of:
- e) pivoting the first and second jaw members into the retracted position and lifting the expandable section mill out of the tubular member;
- f) removing the first and second jaw members from the expandable section mill;
- g) pivotally attaching a third jaw member and a fourth jaw member to the lower end of the body, wherein each of the third and fourth jaw members include a tapered surface and an internal channel system for fluid flow through the third and fourth jaw members, wherein a third blade assembly is affixed to the tapered surface of the third jaw member and a fourth blade assembly is affixed to the tapered surface of the fourth jaw member, and wherein the third and fourth jaw members are longer than the first and second jaw members such that the third and fourth blade assemblies are spaced a greater distance from the body than the first and second blade assemblies on the first and second jaw members;
- h) lowering the expandable section mill in a retracted position through the tubular member and further through a second tubular member disposed below the tubular member, wherein the second tubular member has a larger inner diameter than the tubular member, and wherein in the retracted position, the third and fourth blade assemblies are positioned radially inward relative to the outer surface of the body;
- i) pivoting the third and fourth jaw members into an extended position, wherein in the extended position, the third and fourth blade assemblies extend radially outward relative to the outer surface of the body such that a cutting member of the third blade assembly and a cutting member of the fourth blade assembly each contacts an inner surface of the second tubular member; and
- j) rotating the expandable section mill in the extended position in order to cut a section of the second tubular member with the cutting members of the third and fourth blade assemblies.
Type: Application
Filed: Nov 10, 2014
Publication Date: May 12, 2016
Applicant:
Inventor: Gerald Cronley (Gretna, LA)
Application Number: 14/536,846