THREE-DIMENSIONAL LIGHTWEIGHT STEEL TRUSS WITH BI-DIRECTIONAL CONTINUOUS DOUBLE BEAMS
Disclosed is a three-dimensional lightweight steel framework formed by two-way continuous double beams. The three-dimensional lightweight steel framework comprises beams (1), purlines and/or stringers (16), pillars (2), walls (62, 63), slabs (31) and/or a roof and anti-lateral force bracings (41) and/or pull rods (42), wherein the beams (1) are continuous double beans, and the continuous double beams are formed by combining continuous single beams having the same structure or different structures, and the continuous single beams are respectively arranged at two sides of the outer edges of the pillars (2), and keep continuous and uninterrupted with the pillars (2) at the crosswise junctions; and reinforced lightweight composite slabs can be selected as the slabs (31) completely or partly. The three-dimensional lightweight steel framework simplifies the production of a lightweight steel member, and simplifies the site installation by using bolts to conduct fixing.
1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to a lightweight steel framing, and more particularly, to a three-dimensional lightweight steel framing.
2. Description of the Prior Art
A lightweight steel structure with a lightweight steel framing has been developed rapidly and widely used in industrial buildings. Despite of high manufacturing cost of the lightweight steel structure, the lightweight steel structure still has advantages of short construction period, low energy consumption and low carbon emission, which make the lightweight steel structure more competitive than traditional concrete structure in the market. Therefore, the lightweight steel structure becomes more and more popular in low-rise residential buildings.
However, there are still some drawbacks to be improved. For example, a structural beam and a structural column of the lightweight steel structure are usually connected with each other in a butt joint (e.g., in a fixed or hinged manner). Such connection complicates an assembly process of the lightweight steel structure and results in a serious accumulative error during assembly.
In China Patent Application No. 200920171128.9 filed on Aug. 20, 2009, it provides a lightweight steel framing without a floor slab, a roof, a reinforced lightweight composite floor slab, and a lateral-force-resistant rod. Therefore, an overall structural strength of the lightweight steel framing is insufficient. Furthermore, a cross section of a continuous double beam of the lightweight steel framing cannot be changed according to different situation, which is not flexible and wastes material. Moreover, the continuous double beams are connected to each other by a crisscross joint. Such connection results in extra space consumption and ununiformed load distribution. Furthermore, it is difficult to connect the long continuous double beams with such connection.
A column or a brace is usually secured onto an anchor bolt. The anchor blot is positioned and embedded on site, which complicates the assembling process. In China Patent Application No. 200920158989.3 filed on Jun. 30, 2009, it provides an integral positioning steel frame to overcome the aforementioned drawbacks. However, a fastener for securing the anchor blot cannot maintain an upright posture and is easy to be loose because the fastener is fixed onto only one point on a bottom of the integral positioning steel frame. Furthermore, it takes much time to cure concrete before securing the anchor bolt and assembling the lightweight steel framing, which extends construction period.
A hollow structural section (HSS) is usually formed by an enclosed square-shape steel tube or two C-shaped steel members welded to each other. In practical applications, a connection hole on the enclosed square-shape steel tube is formed by drilling or flame cutting instead of punching, which increases manufacturing cost. Furthermore, a high strength fastener cannot be used for connecting the enclosed square-shape steel tube, which reduces connection strength. Moreover, in order to prevent rusting, the enclosed square-shape steel tube is required to be galvanized after machining, which also increases manufacturing cost. If two galvanized C-shaped steel members are welded to each other, a galvanized coating layer may be damaged. In China Patent Application No. 201010216616.4 filed on Jun. 30, 2010, it overcomes the aforementioned drawbacks. However, a compressive strength of a square-shaped steel tube filled with concrete/cement mortar is far greater than a bearing capability calculated by a slenderness ratio of the square-shaped steel tube. In other words, the concrete/the cement mortar has no function. Furthermore, the square-shaped steel tube with the concrete/the cement mortar cannot be arranged closely during transportation, which results in excessive transportation volume and high transportation cost.
In China Patent Application No. 201310044986.8 filed on Feb. 4, 2013, in order to reduce a weight of a floor slab and improve performance of waterproof and fireproof of the floor slab, it reduces a thickness of the floor slab for reducing the weight of the floor slab. However, a lateral force resistance of the floor slab is reduced at the same time, which reduces a capability of the floor slab for transferring a horizontal force.
In China Patent Application No. 200920147815.7 filed on Apr. 14, 2009, and China Patent Application No. 201310664792.8 filed on Dec. 10, 2013, an expanded ribbed mesh cannot be engaged with the web firmly, so that a stressed-skin effect is reduced.
In China Patent Application No. 201110023291.2 filed on Jan. 20, 2011, a positioning and supporting member cannot position a steel mesh and a wall body firmly, which allows a painted layer to be easily cracked along a longitudinal direction of the positioning and supporting member.
Therefore, there is a need to design a three-dimensional lightweight steel framing to overcome the above drawbacks.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTIONA main object of the present invention is to provide a three-dimensional lightweight steel framing with enhanced structural strength, so that a heavy material, such as a brick, concrete, or soil, can be adapted for the three-dimensional lightweight steel framing.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a three-dimensional lightweight steel framing with simple structure which meets the safety and environmental standards and facilitates the in-situ operation.
According to the claimed invention, a three-dimensional lightweight steel framing includes a beam, a purlin and/or a stringer, a column, a wall body, a floor slab and/or a roof, and a lateral-force-resistant rod and/or tension braces. The beam is a continuous double beam including two identical or different continuous single beams attached at both sides of the column. The continuous single beam and the column are continuous and not interrupted at a cross joint of the continuous single beam and the column. As a result, it reduces accumulative errors during the connection of the beams and simplifies a connecting process of the columns and the beams.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the column includes a structural main column, a small column, a reinforcing column in the wall body, a brace, and a vertical column and/or a truss beam brace. The beam includes a horizontal beam, an inclined beam, an upper chord beam and/or a bottom chord beam, and/or a ground tie beam. The continuous single beam is formed by at least one of a L-shaped steel member, a U-shaped steel member, a C-shaped steel member, a Z-shaped steel member, a plate-shaped steel member, and a slice truss. The purlin or the stringer is formed by at least one of the U shaped steel member, the C-shaped steel member, the Z-shaped steel member, and the slice truss. The slice truss includes an upper chord, a bottom chord, and a shear resistance brace. The upper chord or the bottom chord is formed by the L-shaped steel member, and the shear resistance brace is formed by the L-shaped steel member, the plate-shaped steel member, or a rounded steel member. The column is formed by at least one of the C-shaped steel member, an opened square-shaped steel member, a bent square-shaped steel member, and a square-shaped steel member. The opened square-shaped steel member is filled with concrete and/or cement mortar. The bent square-shaped steel member is formed by cold rolling a steel plate. Two ends of the steel plate are bent to form two buckled edges with 90 degrees, and the two buckled edges are engaged together via rivets arranged at intervals, the continuous single beam is connected to the column by means of a bolt passing through a column connection hole on the column and a beam connection hole on a web of the continuous single beam.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the L-shaped steel member, the U-shaped steel member, the C-shaped steel member, the Z-shaped steel member and the opened square-shaped steel member are provided with curled edges. An upper flange and a bottom flange of the U-shaped steel member, an upper flange and a bottom flange of the C-shaped steel member, or an upper flange and a bottom flange of the Z-shaped steel member have an identical width or different widths. The L-shaped steel member, the U-shaped steel member, the C-shaped steel member, the Z-shaped steel member, the opened square-shaped steel member, the bent square-shaped steel member, and the plate-shaped steel member are formed by cutting and/or cold rolling a galvanized steel reel.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the continuous single beam includes a plurality of single beams connected via at least one overlapped connection or at least one beam connector.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the floor slab is a reinforced lightweight composite floor slab. The reinforced lightweight composite floor slab includes a lightweight composite floor slab. The lightweight composite floor slab, the purlin, and the lateral-force-resistant rod and/or a ceiling are connected integrally by at least one floor connector. The lightweight composite floor slab is installed over the purlin, and the lateral-force-resistant rod and/or the ceiling are built under the purlin.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the lightweight composite floor slab includes a floor deck. The floor deck is formed by a profiled steel sheet. The profiled steel sheet is a corrugated profiled steel sheet or a folded profiled steel sheet. The profiled steel sheet is with a 0.2 to 1.0 millimeter thickness and a 30 to 50 millimeter groove depth. The profiled steel sheet is filled with concrete and/or cement mortar. The concrete and/or the cement mortar is framed by an internal anti-cracking mesh and/or anti-cracking fiber. A height difference between the concrete and/or the cement mortar and a peak of the profiled steel sheet is less than 50 millimeter. The profiled steel sheet is connected to the purlin by the floor connector. The floor connector includes a self-tapping screw, a sleeve and/or a bearing gasket. The sleeve is tightly attached to the self-tapping screw. The sleeve is made of metal or plastic. At least one side of the sleeve is expanded to form the bearing gasket. The purlin is disposed at intervals of less than 180 centimeter. At least one pair of opposite corners of the lightweight composite floor slab are bounded by the lateral-force-resistant rod. The lateral-force-resistant rod is formed by a strip steel. The strip steel is connected to the purlin by the self-tapping screw. The ceiling includes a first expanded ribbed mesh. The first expanded ribbed steel mesh includes a first V-shaped rib and a first expanded mesh surface. The first expanded ribbed steel mesh is connected to the purlin by the self-tapping screw and/or an air nail. The ceiling is filled with the cement mortar, and the cement mortar is framed by the internal anti-cracking mesh and/or the anti-cracking fiber.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the continuous single beam is an embedded continuous single beam. An upper flange and a bottom flange of the embedded continuous single beam formed by the L-shaped steel member, the C-shaped steel member or the Z-shaped steel member and corresponding to the column are cut off, so that the column is embedded into the embedded continuous single beam at a cross joint of the column and the embedded continuous single beam. The embedded continuous single beam is connected to the column by means of the bolt passing through the column connection hole on the column and the beam connection hole on a web of the embedded continuous beam.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the three-dimensional lightweight steel framing further includes a reinforced structure.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the bottom chord beam is formed by the opened square-shaped steel member with an upward opening. A part of the opened square-shaped steel member overlapping the column or the brace is cut off. The opened square-shaped steel member is connected to the column or the brace by means of the bolt passing through the beam connection hole on a web of the opened square-shaped steel member and the column connection hole on the column or the brace, so as to form the reinforced structure.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the reinforced structure is a positioning hole arranged at an intersection of centerlines of the beam and the column, and the positioning hole is for falsely fixing the beam and the column by means of the bolt or a conical steel bar.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, a space between two continuous single beams, and/or a cavity between the columns, and/or a cavity of the opened square-shaped steel member of the bottom chord beam is filled with the concrete and/or the cement mortar, so as to form the reinforced structure.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the reinforced structure is a plurality of self-tapping screw disposed at a periphery of the bolt and for falsely fixing the beam and the column after the beam and the column are calibrated, and the plurality of self-tapping screw is removed after the cavity between the columns or the opened square-shaped steel member of the bottom chord beam is filled with the concrete and/or the cement mortar.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, a supporting steel member is arranged in the space between the two continuous single beams, and/or in the cavity between the columns or the opened square-shaped steel member forming the bottom chord beam, where the concrete cement and/or the cement mortar is filled, so as to form the reinforced structure, and the supporting steel member is a steel bar, a stirrup, or a pre-stressed steel wire.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the stirrup is a square stirrup, a rounded stirrup, a helical stirrup or a rounded steel mesh, and the pre-stressed steel wire is provided with a sleeve.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the steel bar, the sleeve and the pre-stressed steel wire pass through the column.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the reinforced structure member is a thickened steel sheet surrounding the beam connection hole on the beam or the column connection hole on the column, and the thickened steel sheet is connected to the beam or the column by means of a rivet, and/or a riveting clinching joint, and/or by welding.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the reinforced structure is a punching groove surrounding the connection hole of the beam. The punching groove is embedded into the column connection hole on the column, and a diameter of the column connection hole on the column is greater than a width of the punching groove.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the reinforced structure is an additional exterior member attached on an outer side of the beam. The additional exterior member is formed by the L-shaped steel member, the U-shaped steel member, the C-shaped steel member, the plate-shaped steel member, the square-shaped steel member, or a square-shaped wooden member.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, a thermal insulating gasket is arranged between the beam and the additional exterior member.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the column is surrounded by a spot-welded steel mesh, a woven steel mesh, or an expanded steel mesh and connected to the wall by the cement mortar, so as to form the reinforced structure.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the reinforced structure is an integrally-positioned steel frame. The integrally-positioned steel frame includes an angular connector, a bolt-reinforced gasket, a frame body, an embedded bolt, and an anti-pulling nut. The embedded bolt is connected to a base of the column via the angular connector. The frame body is formed by the C-shaped steel member having an upward opening, an embedded hole and curled edges at ends of the upward opening. The reinforced gasket is arranged above the embedded hole and provided with a positioning hole. The C-shaped steel member is filled with the concrete after the embedded bolt is fixed, and the base of the column is arranged on the integrally-positioned steel frame.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the embedded bolt is screwed with the anti-pulling nut below the bolt-reinforced gasket or the embedded hole of the C-shaped steel member.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the reinforced structure is a reinforcing member attached to an outer side of the structural main column. The reinforcing member includes steel columns and/or reinforced concrete columns surrounding the structural main column. The steel columns and/or the reinforced concrete columns are continuous or interrupted at the cross joint of the beam and the column, and the concrete or the cement mortar is filled between a space between the steel columns and the structural main column.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the reinforced structure is a precast concrete wall slab and/or a precast lightweight concrete wall slab and/or a precast hollow concrete wall slab installed between the two continuous double beams.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the reinforced structure is a composite wall body installed between the columns. The composite wall body includes a composite wall surface. The composite wall surface comprises a second expanded ribbed mesh, a cement mortar layer, a fastener, and a stressed-skin structure. The composite wall surface is attached to at least one side of the column, when the composite wall surface is attached on only one side of the column, the lateral-force-resistant rod is arranged at the other side of the column.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the second expanded ribbed mesh includes a second V-shaped rib and a second expanded mesh surface. The second expanded ribbed mesh is fixed onto the column by the fastener. The fastener is a self-tapping screw or an air nail, and the lateral-force-resistant rod is formed by a strip steel.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the composite wall body further includes a reinforcing member. The reinforcing member includes a fixation gasket and an anti-cracking member. The fixation gasket is tightly attached to a groove of the second V-shaped rib for seating the air nail. The fixation gasket is made of hard plastic, and the anti-cracking member is a fiberglass mesh or a spot-welded metal mesh, or fiber in the concrete or the cement mortar.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the reinforced structure is a composite wall body installed between the columns. The composite wall body encloses the structural main column, the small column and/or the reinforcing column in the wall body, and the brace installed between the beam and the column. The composite wall body includes two second expanded ribbed meshes, at least one tying member, an insulating layer, and a supporting member. The two second expanded ribbed meshes are fastened onto two sides of the structural main column, the small column and the reinforcing column by at least one fastener. The at least one fastener is a self-tapping screw or an air nail. The wall body is disposed between the second expanded ribbed meshes. The insulating layer is installed between the second expanded ribbed meshes. The second expanded ribbed mesh includes a second V-shaped rib and a second expanded mesh surface. The supporting member is situated at an outer side of the second V-shaped rib. The tying member is a steel wire or plastic wire. The tying member ties to the second V-shaped rib of the second expanded ribbed mesh and/or the supporting member vertically disposed on the second V-shaped ribs of the second expanded ribbed mesh, and the wall body is filled with building waste residue, soil, grass, concrete or lightweight concrete.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the reinforced structure is a curled rod arranged at a side of the column. The curled rod is made of the strip steel. An upper end of the curled rod is provided with a rod connection hole and connected to the column by the bolt passing through the rod connection hole on the curled rod and the column connection hole on the column, and a lower end of the curled rod is provided with a tensioning hole and curled by 90 degrees, so as to be fixed onto the side of the column by the self-tapping screws.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the ground tie beam includes two identical continuous single beams. The continuous single beam is formed by the slice truss. The slice truss includes the upper chord, the bottom chord and the shearing-resistant brace. The upper chord and/or the bottom chord are formed by the L-shaped steel member, and the shearing-resistant brace is formed by the L-shaped steel member and/or the plate-shaped steel member and/or the rounded steel member.
In summary, the three-dimensional lightweight steel framing has advantages of simple structure and low manufacturing cost. The three-dimensional lightweight steel framing can be secured by bolts, which allows non-professional workers to participate in construction period. The column is sandwiched between the two single beams, so that the column and the beam can be assembled simultaneously, which is flexible in replacement and assembly. The steel member is preferably formed by cutting or cold rolling a galvanized steel reel, which facilitates automated production. During the production and the in-situ assembly, no welding process is required, so it prevents a galvanized layer from being damaged. The reinforced strength of the three-dimensional lightweight steel framing makes a traditional slurry-type wall body made of heavy materials, such as bricks, concretes and soils, and the recycled materials, be used cooperatively. Furthermore, by disposing two continuous single beams on both sides of the column, it reduces accumulative error during assembly.
These and other objectives of the present invention will no doubt become obvious to those of ordinary skill in the art after reading the following detailed description of the preferred embodiment that is illustrated in the various figures and drawings.
In order to make the objects, the technical solutions and the advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be described hereinafter in conjunction with the drawings and embodiments.
Please refer to
Please refer
Please refer to
Please refer to
Please refer to
Please refer to
Please refer to
Please refer to
Please refer to
Please refer to
Please refer to
Please refer to
Please refer to
Please refer to
Those skilled in the art will readily observe that numerous modifications and alterations of the device and method may be made while retaining the teachings of the invention. Accordingly, the above disclosure should be construed as limited only by the metes and bounds of the appended claims.
Claims
1. A three-dimensional lightweight steel framing comprising a beam, a purlin and/or a stringer, a column, a wall body, a floor slab and/or a roof, and a lateral-force-resistant rod and/or tension braces, wherein the beam is a continuous double beam comprising two identical or different continuous single beams attached at both sides of the column, the continuous single beam and the column are continuous and not interrupted at a cross joint of the continuous single beam and the column.
2. The three-dimensional lightweight steel framing of claim 1, wherein the column comprises a structural main column, a small column, a reinforcing column in the wall body, a brace, and a vertical column and/or a truss beam brace, the beam comprises a horizontal beam, an inclined beam, an upper chord beam and/or a bottom chord beam, and/or a ground tie beam, the continuous single beam is formed by at least one of a L-shaped steel member, a U-shaped steel member, a C-shaped steel member, a Z-shaped steel member, a plate-shaped steel member, and a slice truss, the purlin or the stringer is formed by at least one of the U shaped steel member, the C-shaped steel member, the Z-shaped steel member, and the slice truss, the slice truss comprises an upper chord, a bottom chord, and a shear resistance brace, the upper chord or the bottom chord is formed by the L-shaped steel member or U-shaped steel member, and the shear resistance brace is formed by the L-shaped steel member, the plate-shaped steel member, a rounded steel member or U-shaped steel member, the column is formed by at least one of the C-shaped steel member, an opened square-shaped steel member, a bent square-shaped steel member, and a square-shaped steel member, the opened square-shaped steel member is filled with concrete and/or cement mortar, the bent square-shaped steel member is formed by cold rolling a steel plate, two ends of the steel plate are bent to form two buckled edges with 90 degrees, and the two buckled edges are engaged together via rivets arranged at intervals, the continuous single beam is connected to the column by means of a bolt passing through a column connection hole on the column and a beam connection hole on a web of the continuous single beam.
3. The three-dimensional lightweight steel framing of claim 2, wherein the L-shaped steel member, the U-shaped steel member, the C-shaped steel member, the Z-shaped steel member and the opened square-shaped steel member are provided with curled edges, an upper flange and a bottom flange of the U-shaped steel member, an upper flange and a bottom flange of the C-shaped steel member, or an upper flange and a bottom flange of the Z-shaped steel member have an identical width or different widths, the L-shaped steel member, the U-shaped steel member, the C-shaped steel member, the Z-shaped steel member, the opened square-shaped steel member, the bent square-shaped steel member, and the plate-shaped steel member are formed by cutting and/or cold rolling a galvanized steel reel.
4. The three-dimensional lightweight steel framing of claim 1, wherein the continuous single beam comprises a plurality of single beams connected via at least one overlapped connection or at least one beam connector.
5. The three-dimensional lightweight steel framing of claim 1, wherein the floor slab is a reinforced lightweight composite floor slab, the reinforced lightweight composite floor slab comprises a lightweight composite floor slab, the lightweight composite floor slab, the purlin, and the lateral-force-resistant rod and/or a ceiling are connected integrally by at least one floor connector, the lightweight composite floor slab is installed over the purlin, and the lateral-force-resistant rod and/or the ceiling are built under the purlin.
6. The three-dimensional lightweight steel framing of claim 5, wherein the lightweight composite floor slab comprises a floor deck, the floor deck is formed by a profiled steel sheet, the profiled steel sheet is a corrugated profiled steel sheet or a folded profiled steel sheet, the profiled steel sheet is with a 0.2 to 1.0 millimeter thickness and a 30 to 50 millimeter groove depth, the profiled steel sheet is filled with concrete and/or cement mortar, the concrete and/or the cement mortar is framed by an internal anti-cracking mesh and/or anti-cracking fiber, a height difference between the concrete and/or the cement mortar and a peak of the profiled steel sheet is less than 50 millimeter, the profiled steel sheet is connected to the purlin by the floor connector, the floor connector comprises a self-tapping screw, a sleeve and/or a bearing gasket, the sleeve is tightly attached to the self-tapping screw, the sleeve is made of metal or plastic, at least one side of the sleeve is expanded to form the bearing gasket, the purlin is disposed at intervals of less than 180 centimeter, at least one pair of opposite corners of the lightweight composite floor slab are bounded by the lateral-force-resistant rod, the lateral-force-resistant rod is formed by a strip steel, the strip steel is connected to the purlin by the self-tapping screw, the ceiling comprises a first expanded ribbed mesh, the first expanded ribbed steel mesh comprises a first V-shaped rib and a first expanded mesh surface, the first expanded ribbed steel mesh is connected to the purlin by the self-tapping screw and/or an air nail, the ceiling is filled with the cement mortar, and the cement mortar is framed by the internal anti-cracking mesh and/or the anti-cracking fiber.
7. The three-dimensional lightweight steel framing of claim 2, wherein the continuous single beam is an embedded continuous single beam, an upper flange and a bottom flange of the embedded continuous single beam formed by the L-shaped steel member, the C-shaped steel member or the Z-shaped steel member and corresponding to the column are cut off, so that the column is embedded into the embedded continuous single beam at across joint of the column and the embedded continuous single beam, the embedded continuous single beam is connected to the column by means of the bolt passing through the column connection hole on the column and the beam connection hole on a web of the embedded continuous beam.
8. The three-dimensional lightweight steel framing of claim 1, further comprising a reinforced structure.
9. The three-dimensional lightweight steel framing of claim 8, wherein the bottom chord beam is formed by the opened square-shaped steel member with an upward opening, a part of the opened square-shaped steel member overlapping the column or the brace is cut off, the opened square-shaped steel member is connected to the column or the brace by means of the bolt passing through the beam connection hole on a web of the opened square-shaped steel member and the column connection hole on the column or the brace, so as to form the reinforced structure.
10. (canceled)
11. The three-dimensional lightweight steel framing of claim 8, wherein a space between two continuous single beams, and/or a cavity between the columns, and/or a cavity of the opened square-shaped steel member of the bottom chord beam is filled with the concrete and/or the cement mortar, so as to form the reinforced structure.
12. The three-dimensional lightweight steel framing of claim 8, wherein the reinforced structure is a plurality of self-tapping screw disposed at a periphery of the bolt and for falsely fixing the beam and the column after the beam and the column are calibrated, and the plurality of self-tapping screw is removed after the cavity between the columns or the opened square-shaped steel member of the bottom chord beam is filled with the concrete and/or the cement mortar.
13. The three-dimensional lightweight steel framing of claim 8, wherein a supporting steel member is arranged in the space between the two continuous single beams, and/or in the cavity between the columns or the opened square-shaped steel member forming the bottom chord beam, where the concrete cement and/or the cement mortar is filled, so as to form the reinforced structure, and the supporting steel member is a steel bar, a stirrup, or a pre-stressed steel wire.
14. The three-dimensional lightweight steel framing of claim 13, wherein the stirrup is a square stirrup, a rounded stirrup, a helical stirrup or a rounded steel mesh, and the pre-stressed steel wire is provided with a sleeve.
15-30. (canceled)
Type: Application
Filed: Jan 26, 2015
Publication Date: Oct 13, 2016
Inventor: Ying Chun Hsieh (Fengyuan City)
Application Number: 15/037,584
