Noise Dampening Brake Shoe for a Drum Brake
A brake shoe for a drum brake includes a brake table and one or more webs supporting the brake table. One end of each web is pivotally coupled to an associated brake spider and another end of each web responds to a force applied by an actuator that causes the brake shoe to move between positions of engagement and disengagement with an associated braking surface. The brake shoe further includes means for damping movement of the brake shoe, during engagement of the brake shoe with the braking surface, for a natural frequency of the brake shoe having an order of at least two and a causing a bending modal shape of the brake shoe. In one embodiment, the damping means includes a damping plate disposed on one side of a web. A spring acts on a side of the plate opposite the web to urge the plate towards the web.
a. Field of the Invention
This invention relates to vehicle brakes. In particular, the invention relates to a brake shoe for a drum brake assembly that is configured to reduce resonance of the brake shoe during engagement of the brake to reduce brake noise.
b. Background Art
In a conventional drum brake, a drum rotates with a wheel or wheels proximate to one end of an axle. The drum defines a radially inner braking surface. A brake spider is disposed about the axle and a pair of brake shoes are pivotally mounted at one end to the brake spider. The opposite end of each brake shoe is engaged by an actuating member such as a cam to move the brake shoes between positions of engagement and disengagement with the braking surface of the brake drum.
Some drum brakes emit a low-frequency noise or squeal (e.g., a single tone noise within the audible range of humans typically between 80 and 120 decibels) during application of the brakes when the brake shoes engage the braking surface of the drum. The noise occurs when multiple components in the brake resonate at a common natural frequency or multiple thereof. This noise is unpleasant and distracting to the driver of the vehicle from which the noise emanates and to others within the audible range of the noise including drivers in surrounding vehicles. The noise can also result in warranty claims by vehicle owners asserting that the brake is not functioning properly.
The inventor herein has recognized a need for a brake shoe for a drum brake that will reduce one or more of the above-identified deficiencies and/or provide improved performance.
BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTIONThis invention relates to vehicle brakes. In particular, the invention relates to a brake shoe for a drum brake assembly that is configured to reduce resonance of the brake shoe during engagement of the brake to reduce brake noise.
A brake shoe for a drum brake in accordance with one embodiment of the invention includes a brake table and a web supporting the brake table and having first and second ends. The first end is configured for pivotally coupling to an associated brake spider of the drum brake and the second end is configured to respond to a force applied by an actuator that causes the brake shoe to move between positions of engagement and disengagement with an associated braking surface. The brake shoe further includes a damping plate disposed on a first side of the web. The damping plate includes a first side facing the first side of the web and a second side opposite the first side of the damping plate. The brake shoe further includes a fastener coupling the damping plate to the web. The fastener defines a shank extending through a set of aligned bores in the damping plate and web. The brake shoe further includes a spring supported on the fastener and disposed on the second side of the damping plate and urging the damping plate towards the web.
A brake shoe for a drum brake in accordance with another embodiment of the invention includes a brake table and first and second webs supporting the brake table and spaced from one another. Each of the first and second webs includes first and second ends. The first end of each of the first and second webs is configured for pivotally coupling to an associated brake spider of the drum brake and the second end of each of the first and second webs is configured to respond to a force applied by an actuator that causes the brake shoe to move between positions of engagement and disengagement with an associated braking surface. The brake shoe further includes a first damping plate disposed on an inboard side of the first web and a second damping plate disposed on an inboard side of the second web. The brake shoe further includes at least one fastener coupling the first damping plate to the first web and the second plate to the second web and a first spring disposed about the at least one fastener between the first and second damping plates.
A brake shoe for a drum brake in accordance with another embodiment of the invention includes a brake table and a web supporting the brake table and having first and second ends. The first end is configured for pivotally coupling to an associated brake spider of the drum brake and the second end is configured to respond to a force applied by an actuator that causes the brake shoe to move between positions of engagement and disengagement with an associated braking surface. The brake shoe further includes a damping plate disposed on a first side of the web and coupled to the web. The damping plate is configured to, during engagement of the brake shoe with the associated braking surface, dampen movement of the brake shoe for a natural frequency of the brake shoe having an order of at least two and a causing a bending modal shape of the brake shoe.
A brake shoe for a drum brake in accordance with another embodiment of the invention includes a brake table and a web supporting the brake table and having first and second ends. The first end is configured for pivotally coupling to an associated brake spider of the drum brake and the second end is configured to respond to a force applied by an actuator that causes the brake shoe to move between positions of engagement and disengagement with an associated braking surface. The brake shoe further includes means for damping movement of the brake shoe, during engagement of the brake shoe with the associated braking surface, for a natural frequency of the brake shoe having an order of at least two and a causing a bending modal shape of the brake shoe.
A brake shoe for a drum brake in accordance with the invention represents an improvement as compared to conventional brake shoes. As noted hereinabove, conventional drum brake assemblies emit a low frequency noise or squeal during application of the brakes when the brake shoes engage the braking surface of the drum. It has been determined that this noise results, in part, from a resonance of natural frequencies in the brake drum, brake shoes and other brake components and, in particular, resonance at certain natural frequencies that generate bending modal shapes in the brake shoes. The inventors herein have developed a configuration of a brake shoe that reduces resonance and modal and operating deflection shapes of the brake shoe by dampening movement of the brake shoe for second order or grater natural frequencies of the brake shoe that cause bending modal shapes of the brake shoe. As a result, the inventive brake shoe reduces the typical squeal that occurs during engagement of the brake.
The foregoing and other aspects, features, details, utilities, and advantages of the present invention will be apparent from reading the following description and claims, and from reviewing the accompanying drawings.
Referring now to the drawings wherein like reference numerals are used to identify identical components in the various views,
Spider 14 is provided to mount the various components of brake 10. Spider 14 defines a central aperture 32 having a center axis 34 which may be coincident with the rotational axis of the vehicle wheel. The aperture 32 is configured to receive a vehicle axle extending therethrough and along axis 34. Spider 14 may further define bores (not shown) on either side of aperture 32 configured to receive anchor pin 16 and a camshaft (not shown) supporting cam 26.
Anchor pin 16 is provided to pivotally mount brake shoes 18, 20 to brake spider 14. Anchor pin 16 may comprise a round pin and may be mounted on and extend from brake spider 14. Although only a single anchor pin 16 is shown in the illustrated embodiment, it should be understood that brake shoes 18, 20 may be mounted on separate anchor pins 16 at some distance apart.
Brake shoes 18, 20 are provided for selective engagement with an associated braking surface 36 of drum 12 in order to apply a braking torque to the drum and one or more vehicle wheels. Brake shoes 18, 20 are supported on anchor pin(s) 16 and thereby pivotally coupled to spider 14 at one end. Each brake shoe 18, 20 may include one or more webs 38, a brake table 40, and one or more brake linings 42. Referring to
Referring again to
Brake table 40 is provided to support brake linings 42. Table 40 is supported on webs 38 and may be arcuate in shape. Table 40 may be made from conventional metals and metal alloys including steel.
Brake linings 42 are provided for frictional engagement with braking surface 36 of drum 12. Linings 42 may be made from conventional friction materials. Brake linings 42 are disposed on brake table 40 and may be secured to brake table 40 using a plurality of rivets or other conventional fasteners including adhesives.
Referring again to
Plates 44 are specifically configured to dampen movement of the brake shoes 18, 20 for at least one natural frequency of the brake shoes 18, 20 having an order of at least two and a causing a bending modal shape of the brake shoes 18, 20. The inventor has determined that a significant cause of low-frequency noise or squeal is the result of resonance of the brake shoes 18, 20 at certain natural or modal frequencies. Brakes shoes 18, 20 have a plurality of natural or modal frequencies at which brakes shoes 18, 20 may resonate. At each of these frequencies, brakes shoes 18, 20 assume a modal shape. At certain frequencies, the shape results from twisting of brake shoes 18, 20. At other frequencies, the shape results from bending of brake shoes 18, 20. The first order natural frequency results in a twisting modal shape for brake shoes 18, 20. The second order natural frequency results in a bending modal shape for brake shoes 18, 20. Higher order natural frequencies may also result in twisting or bending modal shapes. The inventor has determined that a natural frequency of brake shoes 18, 20 between 1000 Hz and 1500 HZ, and more typically between 1100 Hz and 1400 Hz, results in a bending modal shape, a relatively large operating deflection shape, and low-frequency noise or squeal during brake engagement where the frequency approaches a corresponding natural frequency of the brake drum 12. Damping plates 44 are specifically configured to reduce the resonance, modal shape and/or operating deflection shape of the brake shoes 18, 20 at these frequencies to reduce noise. In particular, and with reference to
Fasteners 46 and springs 48 are provided to couple damping plates 44 to webs 38 and, further, to do so in a way that both allows plates 44 to dampen movement of shoes 18, 20 while allowing shoes 18, 20 to flex during operation of brake 10. Fasteners 46 may comprise bolts including, for example, shoulder bolts. Referring to
Referring now to
Referring now to
Referring again to
Cam 26, together with rollers 28, 30, provides an actuating assembly or means for moving brake shoes 18, 20 between positions of engagement with and disengagement from the braking surface 36 of the drum 12. Cam 26 is disposed at one end of camshaft (not shown) that is coupled to a brake actuator that controls rotation of the camshaft and cam 26 in order to apply or release brake 10. Cam 26 comprises a doubled lobed S-cam having a cam surface that is configured to engages cam followers 28, 30.
Rollers 28, 30 are provided to transfer brake actuation forces from cam 26 to brake shoes 18, 20. Rollers 28, 30 are circular in cross-section and are configured to be received within recesses 56 of webs 38 formed at end 54 of shoes 18, 20. Rollers 28, 30 engage webs 38 and cam 26 and follow the surface of the cam 26 as it rotates thereby causing shoes 18, 20 to pivot about a pivot axis defined at the center of anchor pin 16.
A brake shoe 18, 20 for a drum brake 10 in accordance with the invention represents an improvement as compared to conventional brake shoes. The addition of specifically configured damping plates 44 reduces resonance and model and operating deflection shapes of the brake shoes 18, 20 by dampening movement of the brake s hoes 18, 20 for specific natural frequencies that have been determined to contribute significantly to brake noise during application of brake 10. Further, the use and location of fasteners 46, 70, 78, or 86 and springs 48, 72 or 80 in coupling plates 44 to webs 38 allows the plates 44 to provide a frictional damping function while still allowing brakes shoes 18, 20 to flex.
While the invention has been shown and described with reference to one or more particular embodiments thereof, it will be understood by those of skill in the art that various changes and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims
1. A brake shoe for a drum brake, comprising:
- a brake table;
- a first web supporting the brake table and having first and second ends, the first end configured for pivotally coupling to an associated brake spider of the drum brake and the second end configured to respond to a force applied by an actuator that causes the brake shoe to move between positions of engagement and disengagement with an associated braking surface;
- a first damping plate disposed on a first side of the first web, the first damping plate including a first side facing the first side of the first web and a second side opposite the first side of the first damping plate;
- a first fastener coupling the first damping plate to the first web, the first fastener defining a shank extending through a first set of aligned bores in the first damping plate and first web; and,
- a first spring supported on the first fastener and disposed on the second side of the first damping plate and urging the first damping plate towards the first web.
2. The brake shoe of claim 1 wherein the first fastener includes a groove and the first spring is configured to be received within the groove.
3. The brake shoe of claim 1 wherein the first fastener includes a head disposed at one end of the shank on the first side of the first web and the first spring is disposed between the head of the first fastener and the second side of the first damping plate.
4. The brake shoe of claim 1 wherein the first damping plate is a unitary body.
5. The brake shoe of claim 1 wherein the first damping plate has a length that is at least seventy percent of a length of the first web.
6. The brake shoe of claim 1, further comprising:
- a second fastener coupling the first damping plate to the first web, the second fastener defining a shank extending through a second set of aligned bores in the first damping plate and first web; and,
- a second spring supported on the second fastener and disposed on the second side of the first damping plate and urging the first damping plate towards the first web.
7. The brake shoe of claim 1, further comprising:
- a second web spaced from the first web and supporting the brake table, the second web having first and second ends, the first end of the second web configured for pivotally coupling to the associated brake spider of the drum brake and the second end of the second web configured to respond to the force applied by the actuator that causes the brake shoe to move between positions of engagement and disengagement with the associated braking surface;
- a second damping plate disposed on a first side of the second web, the second damping plate including a first side facing the first side of the second web and a second side opposite the first side of the second damping plate;
- a second fastener coupling the second damping plate to the second web, the second fastener defining a shank extending through a second set of aligned bores in the second damping plate and second web; and, a second spring supported on the second fastener and disposed on the second side of the second damping plate and urging the second damping plate towards the second web.
8. The brake shoe of claim 7 wherein the first sides of the first and second webs comprise inboard sides of the first and second webs.
9. The brake shoe of claim 1 wherein the first spring comprises a compression spring.
10. The brake shoe of claim 9 wherein the compression spring comprises a conical spring washer.
11. The brake shoe of claim 1 wherein the first damping plate is configured to, during engagement of the brake shoe with the associated braking surface, dampen movement of the brake shoe for at least one natural frequency of the brake shoe having an order of at least two and causing a bending modal shape of the brake shoe.
12. A brake shoe for a drum brake, comprising:
- a brake table;
- first and second webs supporting the brake table and spaced from one another, each of the first and second webs having first and second ends, the first end of each of the first and second webs configured for pivotally coupling to an associated brake spider of the drum brake and the second end of each of the first and second webs configured to respond to a force applied by an actuator that causes the brake shoe to move between positions of engagement and disengagement with an associated braking surface;
- a first damping plate disposed on an inboard side of the first web;
- a second damping plate disposed on an inboard side of the second web;
- at least one fastener coupling the first damping plate to the first web and the second plate to the second web; and,
- a first spring disposed about the at least one fastener between the first and second damping plates.
13. The brake shoe of claim 12, wherein the at least one fastener comprises a first fastener extending through a first set of aligned bores in the first web and the first damping plate and a second fastener extending through a second set of aligned bores in the second web and the second damping plate, the first spring disposed about the first and second fasteners.
14. The brake shoe of claim 12, further comprising:
- at least one additional fastener coupling the first damping plate to the first web and the second plate to the second web; and,
- a second spring disposed about the at least one additional fastener between the first and second damping plates.
15. The brake shoe of claim 12 wherein the first damping plate is a unitary body.
16. The brake shoe of claim 12 wherein the first damping plate has a length that is at least seventy percent of a length of the first web and the second damping plate has a length that is at least seventy percent of a length of the second web.
17. The brake shoe of claim 12 wherein the first spring comprises a compression spring.
18. The brake shoe of claim 12 wherein the first and second damping plates are configure to, during engagement of the brake shoe with the associated braking surface, dampen movement of the brake shoe for at least one natural frequency of the brake shoe having an order of at least two and causing a bending modal shape of the brake shoe.
19. A brake shoe for a drum brake, comprising:
- a brake table;
- a first web supporting the brake table and having first and second ends, the first end configured for pivotally coupling to an associated brake spider of the drum brake and the second end configured to respond to a force applied by an actuator that causes the brake shoe to move between positions of engagement and disengagement with an associated braking surface; and,
- a first damping plate disposed on a first side of the first web and coupled to the first web
- wherein the first damping plate is configured to, during engagement of the brake shoe with the associate braking surface, dampen movement of the brake shoe for a natural frequency of the brake shoe having an order of at least two and a causing a bending modal shape of the brake shoe.
20. The brake shoe of claim 19 wherein the first damping plate includes a first side facing the first side of the first web and a second side opposite the first side of the first damping plate and further comprising:
- a plurality of fasteners coupling the first damping plate to the first web, each of the plurality of fasteners defining a shank extending through a corresponding set of aligned bores in the first damping plate and first web; and,
- a plurality of springs, each of the plurality of springs supported on one of the plurality of fasteners and disposed on the second side of the first damping plate and urging the first damping plate towards the first web.
21. The brake shoe of claim 20 wherein each of the plurality of fasteners includes a groove configured to receive a corresponding one of the plurality of springs.
22. The brake shoe of claim 20 wherein each of the plurality of fasteners includes a head disposed at one end of the shank on the first side of the first web and a corresponding spring of the plurality of springs is disposed between the head and the second side of the damping plate.
23. The brake shoe of claim 19 wherein the first damping plate is a unitary body.
24. The brake shoe of claim 19 wherein the first damping plate has a length that is at least seventy percent of a length of the first web.
25. The brake shoe of claim 19, further comprising:
- a second web spaced from the first web and supporting the brake table, the second web having first and second ends, the first end of the second web configured for pivotally coupling to the associated brake spider of the drum brake and the second end of the second web configured to respond to the force applied by the actuator that causes the brake shoe to move between positions of engagement and disengagement with the associated braking surface; and,
- a second damping plate disposed on a first side of the second web.
26. The brake shoe of claim 25 wherein the first sides of the first and second webs comprise inboard sides of the first and second webs.
27. The brake shoe of claim 26, further comprising:
- at least one fastener coupling the first damping plate to the first web and the second damping plate to the second web; and,
- a first spring disposed about the at least one fastener between the first and second damping plates.
28. A brake shoe for a drum brake, comprising:
- a brake table;
- a first web supporting the brake table and having first and second ends, the first end configured for pivotally coupling to an associated brake spider of the drum brake and the second end configured to respond to a force applied by an actuator that causes the brake shoe to move between positions of engagement and disengagement with an associated braking surface; and,
- means for damping movement of the brake shoe, during engagement of the brake shoe with the associated braking surface, for a natural frequency of the brake shoe having an order of at least two and a causing a bending modal shape of the brake shoe.
29. The brake shoe of claim 28 wherein the damping means includes a first damping plate disposed on a first side of the first web and further comprising means for coupling the first damping plate to the first web.
Type: Application
Filed: Nov 23, 2015
Publication Date: May 25, 2017
Inventor: David R. Church (Richland, MI)
Application Number: 14/948,735