Container And Closure
A container and closure includes a closure secured to the container through projections comprising a series of horizontal, circumferentially spaced apart elements arranged so that the elements on the closure can pass though the spaces between the elements on the container and locate beneath them to secure the closure to the container. The elements of the projection on the container are separated from each other in the circumferential direction and do not overlap with each other in the vertical direction and the elements of the projection on the closure are separated from each other in the circumferential direction and do not overlap with each other in the vertical direction. The closure carries a sealing member for providing a seal with either an internal or external sealing surface of the container. The seal is driven down from a lead-in surface to engage the sealing surface as the closure is rotated.
This application is a continuation-in-part of PCT/GB2015/052154, filed on Jul. 24, 2015, which claims the priority benefit of Great Britain Patent Application No. GB1413249.2 filed on Jul. 25, 2014 and Great Britain Patent Application No. GB1503512.4 filed on Mar. 2, 2015, and is also a continuation-in-part of PCT/GB2016/052215 filed Jul. 21, 2016, which claims the priority benefit of Great Britain Patent Application No. GB1518819.6 filed on Oct. 23, 2015, Great Britain Patent Application No. GB1522544.4 filed on Dec. 21, 2015, Great Britain Patent Application No. GB1601501.8 filed on Jan. 27, 2016, and PCT/GB2015/052154, filed on Jul. 24, 2015, which claims the priority benefit of Great Britain Patent Application No. GB1413249.2 filed on Jul. 25, 2014 and Great Britain Patent Application No. GB1503512.4 filed on Mar. 2, 2015. The contents of each of these applications are hereby incorporated by reference as if fully set forth herein in their entirety.
FIELD OF THE INVENTIONThis invention relates to a container and closure, in particular a container for housing a beverage. The container may be of a variety of sizes and may, for example, be a wide-mouth container or it may be a bottle. In some cases, it may be designed for containing a carbonated beverage. The invention also relates to the container and closure separately and together and a method of use of the container and closure.
BACKGROUND ARTContainers and closures for wide-mouth containers and bottles are known such as those described in the applicants earlier applications, for example WO2006/000774 and WO2011/151630. A further development is disclosed in WO2014/006418. These seek to provide a closure capable of securely closing a container the contents of which may be at an elevated pressure, eg during transportation and/or when subject to elevated temperatures, whilst remaining relatively easy for a consumer to remove.
A wide-mouth container can be used both to store a beverage (or other contents) and as a drinking vessel once the closure has been removed. In some cases, the closure may also be designed so it can be used to re-close and/or re-seal the container. A typical wide-mouth container has a mouth with a diameter in the range 55 to 65 mm although the term also applies to containers having a mouth with a diameter in the range 45 to 80 mm.
A bottle is typically used to store a beverage (or other contents) prior to pouring it into a drinking vessel. Commonly used bottles, such as those used to store beer and other beverages, typically have a mouth with a diameter of around 28 mm.
Whilst the closures described in the above documents are satisfactory in many cases, the present invention seeks to provide improvements which enable the container and/or the closure to be further simplified, and to reduce the cost of materials and/or the cost of manufacture whilst maintaining the performance of the closure, in particular the ease and reliability of opening and closure, re-closure (if required) and venting (if housing a carbonated beverage).
SUMMARY OF INVENTIONA container and a closure therefor, the container having an opening defining an axis and an outwardly projecting first member around an external surface of the container, said first member comprising a plurality of circumferentially spaced apart first portions, each first portion having an element with elongate upper and lower surfaces, said upper and lower surfaces thereof being substantially horizontal in the circumferential direction, the closure having a top part and a skirt part, the skirt part comprising an inwardly projecting second member around an internal surface thereof, said second member comprising a plurality of circumferentially spaced apart second portions, each second portion having an element with elongate upper and lower surfaces, said upper and lower surfaces thereof being substantially horizontal in the circumferential direction, said elements of the second portions being of a length such that they can pass through spaces between the first portions and being locatable beneath the first portions so as to secure the closure to the container.
The means for securing the closure to the container thus comprises a projection extending around the circumference of each part comprising a series of substantially horizontal, circumferentially spaced apart elements arranged such that the elements on the closure can pass though the spaces between the elements on the container and located beneath them to secure the closure to the container. The elements of the projection on the container are separated from each other in the circumferential direction and do not overlap with each other in the vertical direction. Similarly, the elements of the projection on the closure are separated from each other in the circumferential direction and do not overlap with each other in the vertical direction.
In a preferred arrangement, each of the first portions, or each of the second portions, has an upwardly inclined end at one end thereof and/or a downwardly inclined end at the other end thereof.
In a preferred arrangement, the upwardly and/or downwardly inclined ends of the second portions extend beyond said elongate upper and lower surfaces thereof, respectively.
In a preferred arrangement, upon rotation of the closure in a first direction about axis A, said downwardly inclined ends acts to drive the second portions downwards relative to the first portions.
In a preferred arrangement, upon rotation of the closure in a second direction about axis A, said upwardly inclined ends acts to drive the second portions upwards relative to the first portions.
The closure preferably has a sealing member for providing a seal with a sealing surface of the container, the sealing surface preferably being a substantially vertical surface about the interior or exterior of a neck portion of the container. In a preferred arrangement, the sealing member comprises an o-ring provided within a recess in the closure and the sealing surface is an internal or external surface of a neck portion of the container, said recess and sealing surface together defining a gland in which the o-ring is located.
Said top part of the closure may have a bore component for extending into the container opening and a sealing member on the bore component for providing a seal with an internal sealing surface of the container. Alternatively, the sealing member may be provided on the interior of the skirt portion of the closure for providing a seal with an external sealing surface of the container.
Preferably, said downwardly inclined ends act to drive the second portions downwards from a position in which said sealing member contacts the container in a non-sealing position to a position in which said sealing member sealingly engages the internal or external sealing surface of the container.
In a preferred arrangement, the closure is movable between a first secured sealed position and a second secured venting position in which venting of the container is enabled.
In a preferred arrangement, the skirt portion of the closure comprises a further inwardly projecting member comprising a plurality of circumferentially spaced apart third portions each of the third portions having an upper surface which is at a lower level than said upper surfaces of the second portions, said third portions being arranged to engage the lower surfaces of the first portions when the closure is in a venting position.
According to another aspect of the invention, there is provided, a container and a closure therefor, the container having an opening defining an axis and an outwardly projecting first member around an external surface of the container, said first member comprising a plurality of circumferentially spaced apart first portions, each first portion comprising an element having an upper surface and a lower surface, said upper surface being substantially horizontal in the circumferential direction and said lower surface being substantially horizontal in the circumferential direction, the closure having a top part and a skirt part, and a sealing member for providing a seal with a sealing surface of the container, the skirt part comprising an inwardly projecting second member around an internal surface thereof, said second member comprising a plurality of circumferentially spaced apart second portions, the closure being securable to the container by interaction between said first and second portions, the closure being movable between a first position in which at least part of said second portions engage the upper surfaces of said first portions, a second position, following rotation in a first direction and downward movement of the closure relative to the container, in which said sealing member contacts the container in a non-sealing position and elements of said second portions are aligned with spaces between said first portions and a third position, following further rotation of the closure in the first direction relative to the container and further downward movement of the closure relative to the container, in which said sealing member has been moved downwards to sealingly engage said sealing surface and said elements of said second portions are located beneath said first portions in contact with said lower surfaces thereof.
Such a closure and container can be arranged so that when the closure is initially placed on the container, it sits horizontally thereon with the second member resting on the first member. Following horizontal rotation of the closure, it moves to a position in which the sealing member rests on the mouth of the container. Further horizontal rotation results in the closure being driven downwards so the sealing member is moved downwards to a sealing position and the second member located beneath the first member to secure the closure to the container.
As above, the first portions of the first member on the container are separated from each other in the circumferential direction and do not overlap with each other in the vertical direction. Similarly, the second portions of the second member on the closure are separated from each other in the circumferential direction and do not overlap with each other in the vertical direction.
Said sealing surface is preferably substantially parallel to said axis and the container has an inclined lead-in surface at the upper end thereof leading to said sealing surface.
Preferably, in said second position, the sealing member contacts said lead-in surface.
Preferably, said sealing member is compressed between the container and the closure is moved downwards from said second position to said third position to move it into sealing engagement with said sealing surface.
The closure is preferably arranged to be removed from the container by rotation about the axis in a second direction so as to move it from said third position to said second position and then to said first position.
In a preferred arrangement, the skirt portion of the closure comprises a further inwardly projecting member comprising a plurality of circumferentially spaced apart third portions each of the third portions having an upper surface which is at a lower level than said upper surfaces of the second portions, said third portions being arranged to engage the lower surfaces of the first portions when the closure is in said second position.
In a preferred arrangement, each of said second portions has a downwardly angled end arranged to engage a first end face of the first portions, or vice versa, and interact therewith so as to drive the closure downwards as the closure is rotated in the first direction from said second position.
In a preferred arrangement, each of said second portions has an upwardly angled end arranged to engage a second end face of the first portions, or vice versa, and interact therewith so as to drive the closure upwards as the closure is rotated in a second direction (opposite to the first direction) from said second position.
Said elements of the second portions may be arranged to be pass angularly through spaces between the first portions.
The circumferential length of the substantially horizontal upper surfaces of the second portions is preferably at least 50%, and preferably at least 75%, of the circumferential length of the substantially horizontal lower surfaces of the first portions.
The circumferential length of the substantially horizontal upper surfaces of the second portions is preferably substantially the same as the circumferential length of the substantially horizontal lower surfaces of the first portions.
Each first portion preferably has a circumferential length substantially similar to the circumferential length of said elements of the second portions.
Said elements of the second portions are in preferably in contact with substantially the entire circumferential length of said lower surfaces of said first portions when the closure is secured to the container.
The combined circumferential lengths of the first portions is preferably substantially half the outer circumference of the container at the position at which the first portions are provided thereon.
Said first member may be spaced from the upper end of the container, preferably by a distance in the range 6 to 15 mm and most preferably 9 to 12 mm.
The closure and container described above may be a widemouth container as defined herein.
In some embodiments, the container may be formed of a non-metallic material, preferably a plastic material.
The container may be formed by an injection moulding process followed by a blow moulding process of the parts beneath the first member.
The container may have a groove in its external surface beneath said first member, the first member and/or the groove providing holding means by which the container can be held when being transferred from injection moulding apparatus to blow moulding apparatus and/or during said blow moulding process.
In other embodiments the container may be formed of metal or another material.
The cross-sectional area of the o-ring is preferably smaller than the cross-sectional area of the gland so, when the metal closure is mounted on the container, the o-ring is able to move and/or deform within the gland.
Said sealing surface is preferably substantially vertical and downward movement of the closure relative to the container from the second position to the third position compresses the o-ring in a substantially horizontal direction into sealing engagement with the sealing surface.
The recess preferably extends around a circumference of the closure, the recess comprising a first side wall on one side of the o-ring for constraining the o-ring when it is subject to a pressure differential and a second side wall on the opposite side of the o-ring for retaining the o-ring in the recess and a back wall joining the first and second side walls.
The first side wall preferably extends in a radial direction by a distance f (the distance f being at least ½ of the diameter of the o-ring cross-section prior to compression of the o-ring) from the back wall and the second side wall extends in a radial direction by a distance s from the back wall, the distance s being at least ½ of the distance f.
The distance s is preferably at least ⅓ of the diameter of the circular cross-section of the o-ring prior to deformation of this cross-section, and preferably ⅓-⅔ of said diameter.
The first side wall and/or the second side wall are preferably substantially planar and lie substantially perpendicular to said axis. And the back wall maybe substantially planar and substantially parallel to said axis.
In some embodiments, said inclined surface may lead to an internal sealing surface and said bore component comprises a substantially frusto-conical portion which, when the closure is mounted to the container, lies adjacent and substantially parallel to said inclined surface. The closure is also preferably shaped to minimise any space between the bore component and the interior of the container in the region above the gland when the closure is mounted on the container.
In a preferred arrangement, in said second position, the sealing member contacts said inclined surface.
In a preferred arrangement, said sealing member is compressed in a substantially horizontal direction between the container and the closure as the metal closure is moved downwards by rotation thereof to move it into sealing engagement with said sealing surface.
In some embodiments, the closure may be formed of a plastic material, eg by means of an injection moulding process.
In other embodiments, the closure is formed of metal, eg from sheet metal, and may be shaped by forming processes. The first member and/or the second member may, for example, be formed by an indentation in the external surface of the skirt portion of the closure so as to form said spaced apart first portions and/or said spaced apart second portions projecting from an inner surface of the skirt portion.
The third member may also be formed by an indentation in the external surface of the skirt portion of the closure so as to form said spaced apart third portions projecting from an inner surface of the skirt portion.
Alternatively, the third member may be formed by curling distal portions of the skirt portion radially inwards so as to form said spaced apart third portions projecting from an inner surface of the skirt portion.
In some embodiments, the top part and skirt part of the closure may be formed of metal and the inwardly projecting second member provided by a plastics component provided on an internal surface of the skirt part.
In some arrangements, the metal closure may comprise two, initially separate, components: an annular skirt portion adapted to be releasably secured to the container and a closing portion which has been irreversibly secured to the skirt portion so as to close an opening therein, preferably by a seamed joint.
In a further arrangement, a metal container may comprise a container body having a first opening at a first end thereof and a second opening at a second end thereof, the metal closure being releasably mounted on the container body so as to releasably close the first opening, and the second opening of the container body being closed by a container closing portion which has been irreversibly secured to the container body to close permanently the second end thereof, preferably by a seamed joint.
The container may comprise a container body with said opening at one end thereof and a base portion closing the other end thereof, said first member being provided on an external surface of a neck portion of the container, said neck portion being an integral part of the container body and being at or towards an upper end thereof.
In a preferred arrangement, the second portions are provided on the closure. And the second portions preferably comprise said upwardly inclined end at one end thereof and said downwardly inclined end at the other end thereof.
Said first portions may each comprise a substantially horizontal upper surface and a substantially horizontal lower surface, the upper and lower surfaces being joined by first and second angled end surfaces, the first angled end surface being arranged to engage and slide down said downwardly inclined surface of the second portions when the closure is rotated in the closing direction relative to the container and/or the second end surface being arranged to engage and slide up said upwardly inclined surface of the second portions when the closure is rotated in the loosening direction relative to the container.
Rotation of the closure in the tightening direction preferably moves the closure downwards relative to the container, this downward movement of the closure causing compression of the seal member in a substantially horizontal direction into sealing engagement with said sealing surface.
As mentioned, in some embodiments, said sealing surface is an external surface of the container neck and the o-ring seal is mounted in a recess of the skirt portion of the closure.
According to a further aspect of the invention, there is provided a plastic container and a metal closure therefor, the container having an opening defining an axis and first engagement means for releasably securing the metal closure thereto so as to releasably close said opening, the closure having a sealing member for providing a seal with a sealing surface of the container, the sealing member comprising an o-ring provided within a recess in the closure and the sealing surface being an external surface of the container, said recess and sealing surface together defining a gland in which the o-ring is located.
The cross-sectional area of the o-ring is preferably smaller than the cross-sectional area of the gland so, when the metal closure is mounted on the container, the o-ring is able to move and/or deform within the gland.
Preferably, the metal closure is movable between a first secured sealed position and a second secured venting position in which venting of the container is enabled.
In the first secured position the o-ring preferably engages an inclined surface of the container which leads to said sealing surface, and in the second secured position, the o-ring sealingly engages said sealing surface.
According to another aspect of the invention there is provided a container for use with a closure for providing a container and closure as described in any of the arrangements described above. The container may be formed of metal or other materials.
According to another aspect of the invention there is provided a closure for use with a container for providing a container and closure as described in any of the arrangements described above. The closure may be formed of metal or other materials.
According to another aspect of the invention there is provided a method of using a container and closure as described above for containing a carbonated beverage.
According to another aspect of the invention there is provided a method of manufacturing a container for use in providing a container and closure as described above, the method comprising an injection moulding process followed by a blow moulding process.
In such a method, the container may have a groove in its external surface beneath said first member, the first member and/or the groove being used as holding means by which the container can be held when being transferred from injection moulding apparatus to blow moulding apparatus and/or during said blow moulding process.
The closure may be formed by an injection moulding process. The closure may be formed from polyoxymethylene. In other arrangements, the closure may be formed from sheet metal and by forming operations.
As mentioned above, in some embodiments, the inner surface of the container preferably comprises a frusto-conical lead-in surface adjacent the mouth of the container, the surface of which is inclined, eg by 10-30 degrees, to the axis of the container, and typically has a vertical dimension of about 2 mm. The lead-in surface preferably leads to a substantially parallel-sided cylindrical surface, the surface of which lies substantially parallel to said axis. The diameter of the cylindrical surface is substantially the same as the smaller (lowermost) end of the frusto-conical surface. For closures used with carbonated beverages, the sealing member is arranged to engage and to provide a liquid and air-tight seal between the closure and this substantially cylindrical surface.
For embodiments in which the sealing surface is an external surface of the container, a similar inclined lead-in surface is provided but on the exterior of the mouth of the container.
In some cases, it may be desirable to provide a plurality of spaced apart venting grooves in the lead-in surface to assist venting of the container.
As indicated above, for carbonated applications, the closure is preferably movable between a first secured position and a second secured position in which venting of the container is enabled, the second secured position being raised relative to the first position.
As mentioned above, the sealing member is preferably an o-ring seal. The term o-ring as used herein is to be understood to include a toroid of elastomer material surrounding an open centre having a circular cross-section (or other cross-sections). Such o-rings are conventionally located in a gland (which may typically be defined by a groove or by a recess having two or more faces). The o-ring is preferably able to move or deform within the gland so as to be able to seal more tightly with the sealing surface in response to a pressure differential between the interior and exterior of the container (as described in WO 2011/151630 referred to above). Whilst o-rings of this form are preferred, the term is also to be understood to cover other forms of seal which simulate an o-ring and other forms of flexible seal material provided between two relatively rigid components (of a different material to the seal), eg formed by an over-moulding of resilient material, said material being capable of providing a gas tight seal between those components. The o-ring is preferably formed of nitrile butadiene rubber (NBR). Further details are given in GB1407157.5 referred to above, which is hereby incorporated by reference for its description.
Directional terms, such as upwards, downwards, upper and lower, as used herein are to be understood to refer to refer to directions relative to a container standing on a horizontal surface with the axis A passing through its opening being substantially vertical (unless the context clearly requires otherwise).
Preferred and optional features of the invention will be apparent from the following description and the subsidiary claims of the specification.
Embodiments of the present invention will now be described, merely by way of example, with reference to the accompanying figures, in which:
The spaced apart portions of the first member 11 form an intermittent, outwardly projecting lip which may be located at or near the upper end of the container 10 or, as in the embodiment shown, spaced from the upper end of the container 10, eg by a distance in the range 9-12 mm. The first portions 11A are separated from each other in the circumferential direction and do not overlap with each other in the vertical direction.
The upper end of the container 10 has a lead-in surface 12 which is inclined to the axis A and leads to a substantially parallel sided, cylindrical portion 13 of the internal surface of the container 10 (see
The container shown in
The container is typically formed of a plastics material, eg polyethylene terephthalate (PET) and is typically formed in a two-stage moulding process: forming a preform in a first injection moulding stage which forms the features above the groove 15 and then a second blow moulding stage in which the preform is blown to form the container shape beneath the groove 15. The intermittent lip 11 and/or groove may be used to hold the preform during the blow moulding stage. The PET container is typically provided with a barrier material, eg in the form of a thin coating of silica or carbon or in the form of a laminated structure to improve its resistance to gas permeability (particularly the ingress of oxygen or the egress of carbon dioxide).
In some embodiments it may also be desirable to provide the container a small projection (typically projecting outwardly by 1 mm or less), known as a transfer ring, to enable the container to be lifted to move it from one place to another by machinery during manufacture and/or on a filling and closing line. This may, for example, comprise a small shoulder provided around the exterior of the container (described further in relation to
The container may also be formed of other materials, eg glass or metal or of a combination of materials.
The skirt part 21 of the closure is provided with an inwardly projecting second member 24 around an internal surface thereof, said second member comprising a plurality of circumferentially spaced apart second portions 24A (four in the example shown). Each of the second portions has an upper surface 24B, a lower surface 24C, a downward angled end with a first end surface 24D and an upward angled end with a second end surface 24E. The upper surface 24B is substantially horizontal in the circumferential direction and, in the embodiment shown, is substantially horizontal, and substantially flat, in the radial direction. The lower surface 11C is also substantially horizontal in the circumferential direction but may be curved or inclined in the radial direction, eg as shown in
The second portions 24A are separated from each other in the circumferential direction and do not overlap with each other in the vertical direction.
The third portions 25A are also separated from each other in the circumferential direction and do not overlap with each other in the vertical direction, although they may overlap, at least to some extent, with the second portions 24A in the vertical direction.
The closure is securable to the container 10 by interaction between the first portions 11A and second portions 24A.
In the arrangement shown, the closure is movable between a first position (
Maximising the contact between the upper surfaces 24B of the second portions and the lower surfaces 11C of the first portions in the third position is of importance. First, it is desirable to minimise the length of the first portions 11B so as to minimise their impact on the appearance of the container and to minimise their contact with the lip of a user drinking from the container but, secondly, it is desirable to make full use of the contact between the first and second portions 11A, 24A in order to secure closure on the container and, in particular, to resist upward pressure on the closure due to elevated pressure within the container (eg if it contains a carbonated beverage and/or subject to an elevated pressure).
The embodiment shown in
For an embodiment having a smaller internal diameter, eg around 50 mm, the upward pressure on the closure is smaller so the combined circumferential length of the first portions 11B can be reduced, eg by using four shorter first portions or by reducing the number of first portions, eg to three.
The required combined circumferential length of the first portions is approximately proportional to the area of the closure (if their radial projections remains the same, eg 1 mm). For a 35% reduction in the area of the closure, the combined circumferential length of the first portions can thus be reduced by about 35%, ie to an overlap area of about 65 mm2. In the example given, this can be provided by four first portions having a length of around 16 mm or three first portions having a length of around 22 mm.
Embodiments having six sets of first and second portions are also described below in relation to
As mentioned above,
The closure is then rotated (in either direction) and moved downwards from the position shown in
As shown in
From the position shown in
In this third position, the closure is secured on the container and cannot move upwards relative thereto unless it is rotated to a position in which the second portions can move back upwards through the spaces between the first portions. Also, as upper surfaces of the second portions and the lower surfaces of the first portions are substantially horizontal, upward pressure on the closure, eg by an elevated pressure within the container, does not have any tendency to rotate the closure relative to the container. As shown in this Figure, the upper surface 11B of each of the first portions is also in contact with substantially the entire length of the respective first portion beneath which it is positioned. As mentioned above, this maximises the area of overlap therebetween and thus the area of overlap available to resist upward forces on the closure (eg due to elevated pressures in the container). Furthermore, this means that in order to release this engagement, it is necessary to rotate the closure relative to the container by distance sufficient to move the entire length of the second portions out of contact with the first portions.
Thus, as shown in
To release the closure from the secured position shown in
Referring back to
The end surfaces 11D and 11E of the first portions may also have other forms (see
And, as described in relation to
In
Following rotation of the closure about the axis A relative to the container 10 in the tightening direction (clockwise in the embodiment shown) from the position shown in
Upon further rotation of the closure in the closing direction from the position shown in
In this position, the closure is slightly lower than in the position shown in
As will also be seen in
Upon further rotation of the closure in the tightening direction from the position shown in
The vertical position of the closure relative to the container in both rotational positions shown in
It will also be noted from
Upon further rotation of the closure in the tightening direction from the position shown in
The position shown in
It will be appreciated from the above description that the closure is driven downwards as it is rotated from the position shown in
And it will be appreciated that the vertical distance by which the closure is driven downwards is determined by the angle and length of the end surfaces 24D and extension of the end surfaces 24D beyond the lower surface 24C enables the closure to be driven down a sufficient distance so the o-ring 23 is driven down from the lead-in surface 12 and into sealing engagement with the sealing surface 13.
It will also be appreciated from the above description that once the closure has been driven down to the position shown in
To release the closure from the locked position shown in
The position shown in
As the closure is rotated further in the loosening direction from the position shown on
As the closure is rotated further from the position shown in
Upon further rotation of the closure from the position shown in
As described above, the inclined ends of the second portions 24A respectively serve to drive the closure downwards and upwards relative to the container and they also respectively act as stops to limit rotation of the closure clockwise and anti-clockwise relative to the container. The angle and length of the inclined end portions will depend on the application, the dimensions of the closure and the number of thread portions provided around its circumference. With steeper angles the torque required to drive the closure down to the sealed position will be greater but the angle through which the closure needs to be rotated to achieve this will be smaller (and hence the inclined portions will be relatively short). The inclined portions preferably make an angle of 45 degrees or less with the horizontal and more preferably an angle in the range 15 to 20 degrees.
For containers designed for use with a non-carbonated beverage, the area of overlap between the first and second portions in the secured position can be much reduced compared to embodiments for carbonated beverages as the upward pressure the closure needs to be able to withstand is much reduced. Nevertheless, it is still desirable to maximise the overlap between the first and second portions, ie by making them substantially the same length as each other in the circumferential direction, so the total circumferential length of the first portions can be minimised (and so minimise their impact on the user's lip) whilst still making full use of the amount of overlap possible (to ensure secure attachment of the closure and avoiding indentation damage to the first portions by the second portions.
As the container is for a non-carbonated beverage, the area of overlap between the first and second portions in the secured position can be much reduced compared to embodiments for carbonated beverages as the upward pressure the closure needs to be able to withstand is much reduced. Nevertheless, it is still desirable to maximise the overlap between the first and second portions, ie by making them substantially the same length as each other in the circumferential direction, so the total circumferential length of the first portions can be minimised (and so minimise their impact on the user's lip) whilst still making full use of the amount of overlap possible (to ensure secure attachment of the closure and avoiding indentation damage to the first portions by the second portions.
A cross-section of another embodiment of the closure is shown in
When known forms of injection moulded closures are formed of a relatively flexible material such as polypropylene or polyethylene, threads on the inside of a skirt portion of the closure are typically flexed or “bumped” off the mould forming these parts. However, if a stiffer plastics material is used, this may no longer be feasible and, instead, the mould too may have a “collapsing core” to form such threads. Typically, a collapsing core may have 4, 6 or 8 internal sliders which are moved radially inwards to evacuate the area above the internal threads. However, the use of such sliders, then prevents other features being formed on the under-side of the top part of the closure, particularly at positions close to the skirt part as these may prevent the sliders moving inwards.
To overcome this problem, there is provided a method of manufacture of a closure having a top part 20 and a skirt part 21, the top part having a bore component 22 (which in use extends into the container opening), a recess 23B in a radially outwardly facing surface of the bore component 22 for receiving a sealing member, such as an o-ring 23, and the skirt part 21 having an inwardly projecting retaining member 24 around an internal surface thereof in the form of a plurality of circumferentially spaced apart portions 24A. Such a closure can be formed by an injection moulding process which includes the followings steps:
providing an injecting moulding tool having a mould cavity for forming outwardly facing features of the top part 20 and of the skirt part 21 and a tooling core comprising an inner component for forming at least said recess 23B of the bore component 22 and an outer component for forming at least said retaining members 24A of the skirt part,
the inner component being arranged so that once the closure has been formed, it can be withdrawn therefrom substantially axially,
the outer component comprising a collapsing core such that, once the inner component has been withdrawn, its parts can move radially inwards, at least partially into the space previously occupied by the inner component, to disengage it from said retaining portions 24A, so that it can then be withdrawn substantially axially from the closure.
Thus, a mould core is used which has an inner, cylindrical component which is used to form the outer parts of the bore component 22, such as the recess 23B in which the o-ring will sit, and an outer cylindrical set of sliding cores, which are used to form the inner features of the skirt part 21, ie the second portions or retaining members 24A.
Once the closure has been formed, the mould core can be removed by the following sequence of steps:
First, the inner cylinder is withdrawn axially from the closure as indicated by arrow A1. This leaves a space radially inward of the outer cylinder having a width C1, eg 2.4 mm, into which the outer cylinder can ‘collapse’.
Second, the outer cylindrical cores are ‘collapsed’ radially inwards, as indicated by arrow A2, into the space vacated by the inner cylinder of the mould core.
Finally, the inner cylindrical core, having been collapsed so as to disengage from the retaining members 24A, can be axially withdrawn as indicated by arrow A3.
The closure illustrated in
The method described above is particularly suitable when the radial spacing between the radially outermost part of the bore component 22 and the radially innermost part of said retaining portions 24A of the retaining member 24 is small. In the present case, this spacing corresponds to the thickness of the container wall which, when the closure is mounted on a container, occupies this space.
In a typical example of a wide mouth closure, this radial spacing may be 4.0 mm or less and preferably 3.9 mm or less.
The retaining portions 24A project at least R mm from an inner wall of the skirt part 21, where R is at least 1.0 mm and preferably at least 1.3 mm.
It will be appreciated that withdrawal of the inner component, provides a space which permits the parts of the outer component to move or collapse radially inwards by at least R and preferably R plus 0.5 mm or more (to allow for shrinkage of the closure once formed).
As indicated above, the closure may be formed of a plastics material the rigidity of which is such as to require the use of a collapsing core to disengage the core from said retaining portions. A preferred material is a plastics material comprises polyoxymethylene (as described above)
It will be appreciated that the outer cylindrical component of the mould core is relatively thin in the radial direction (corresponding to the dimension C2, eg 1.5 mm). In some cases it may be desirable to strengthen these parts by the provision of a strengthening rib on the outer surface thereof. The embodiment shown in
The first portion shown in
The shape of the first portion shown in
The embodiment shown in
The closure can be formed in a pressing operation in which the bore feature 22 is formed by pressing an inverted shape. The side wall of the bore feature 22 is then rolled to form the indent 23B for the o-ring.
The embodiment shown in
The function of the second and third portions 24A and 25A has been described above. The shape and function of these portions formed in a metal cap maybe essentially similar to those of second and third portions of a plastic cap (eg as described in GB1413249.2). The inner surface of the skirt of the metal closure is thus formed to have a shape which is similar to that of the inner surface of the embodiment described above formed of plastic (or other mouldable materials). However, the wall thickness (gauge) is substantially less, eg in the range 0.18 mm-0.22 mm (compared to around 1.65 mm for a plastic closure).
The metal used may be similar to that used in conventional metal closures, eg as used for other types of twist off caps, such as tinplate (a low carbon mild steel coated on both surfaces with an electrolytic deposition of tin). This material typically has a gauge of around 0.14-0.18 mm and a yield stress of around 580-620 MPa.
The metal closures shown in
The outer surface of this part of the metal container is thus formed to have a shape which is similar to that of the outer surface of the corresponding part of the embodiment described above formed of plastic (or other mouldable materials). However, the wall thickness (gauge) is substantially less, eg in the range 0.14 mm-0.18 mm (compared to around 2.0-2.5 mm in the neck portion for a plastic container and around 0.7-1.0 mm in the portion of the container formed by blow moulding).
The uppermost part of the metal container is formed so as to provide an inclined lead-in surface 12 for receiving an o-ring (as described in earlier embodiments) and venting channels 14 within this lead-in surface. The upper part of the container may have a rolled edge as shown and the lead-in surface and venting channels pressed or stamped on the inner surface of this. The inner surface of this part of the metal container is thus formed to have a shape which is similar to that of the inner surface of the corresponding part of the embodiment described above formed of plastic (or other mouldable materials). However, the wall thickness (gauge) is again substantially less (as described above).
The metal container may be formed from a metal similar to that used in conventional steel beverage containers. Such materials typically have a gauge of around 0.20-0.25 mm and a yield stress of around 350-420 MPa.
The weight and material cost of a metal closure or container may thus be less than the weight and material cost of a corresponding closure or container formed of a plastics material.
As mentioned above,
The metal closure can again be formed in a pressing operation in which the bore feature 22 is formed by pressing an inverted shape. The side wall of the bore feature 22 is then rolled to form the indent, or recess 23B, for receiving an o-ring 23.
The skirt 21 of the metal closure has grooves rolled in its outer surface to form projections 24A on the inner surface which provide the second portions. Grooves are also rolled in the outer surface of the skirt 21 to form projections 25A on the inner surface which provide the third portions. Alternatively, in another arrangement (eg see
The second and third portions 24A and 25A have substantially the same shape and function as those described above and in the first embodiment. The inner surface of the skirt of the metal closure may be thus formed to have a shape which is similar to that of the inner surface of a closure formed of plastic (or other mouldable materials). However, the wall thickness (gauge) of the metal closure is substantially less, eg in the range 0.18 mm-0.22 mm (compared to around 1.65 mm for a plastic closure).
As in the first embodiment, the metal used may be similar to that used in conventional metal closures, eg as used for other types of twist off caps, such as tinplate (a low carbon mild steel coated on both surfaces with an electrolytic deposition of tin). This material typically has a gauge of around 0.14-0.18 mm and a yield stress of around 580-620 MPa.
There are two main differences between the metal closure shown in
In the embodiment shown in
The formation of a closure from a plastic material by injection moulding (eg as described in GB1413249.2), imposes restraints on the manner in which the o-ring is retained on the bore component due to the need to be able to release the closure from the mould. In practice, this requires the o-ring to be retained by the use of relatively short flexible fingers so the closure can be sprung out of the mould. The formation of a closure from metal plate enables the o-ring to be retained by a lower side wall 23D as described above and, importantly, for this side wall to extend radially outwards further than flexible fingers such as those mentioned above. This enables the o-ring to be retained more securely on the bore component (so reducing any tendency for it to become detached from the bore component as it is withdrawn from the container). In addition, the further the lower side wall 23D projects radially outwards, the less the possibility that the elevated pressure within the container can act on radially inner portions of the o-ring 23 so as to potentially stretch the o-ring and/or for a portion of the o-ring being dislodged from the recess 23B as it is forced upwards by a sudden release of pressure within the container (and the consequent sudden release of gas) during venting. If a portion of the o-ring 23 is forced upwards into a gap between the bore component 22 and the container 10 (this gap increasing in size as the closure is moved upwards from the position shown in
In a preferred arrangement, the upper side wall 23C extends in a radial direction by a distance f (f being at least ½ the diameter of the o-ring cross-section prior to compression) from the back wall 23E and the lower side wall 23D extends in a radial direction by a distance s from the back wall 37C, the distance s being at least ½ of the distance f.
Alternatively, or additionally, the distance s is preferably at least ⅓ of the diameter of the circular cross-section of the o-ring (prior to deformation of this cross-section), and preferably ⅓-⅔ of the diameter of the o-ring.
For embodiments having an external o-ring, the situation is reversed as the lower side wall of the recess has the dimension f and the upper side wall the dimension s, as in this case the o-ring is pressed into contact with the lower side wall by elevated pressure within the container and the upper side wall merely helps retain the o-ring in the recess prior to the closure being fitted to the container.
As shown in
As mentioned above, the o-ring sealing member 23 may also be provided within a recess 23A in the skirt portion 21 of the closure and arranged to seal with an external sealing surface 10C of the container 10.
As the closure shown in
With known removable closures on narrow mouth container such as bottles, the filling technique intentionally creates a froth (known as fob) which is used to expel air form a headspace above the liquid beverage and, as the container neck is relatively narrow, the filling process can be accurately controlled to minimise over-fill or spillage (so such filling lines do not usually have a rinsing station to rinse the container neck prior to fitting a closure to the container). With a wide mouth container this is much more difficult to achieve as filling within 10 mm of the brim is likely to cause overflowing and contamination of the threads on the container neck so rinsing might be required prior to fitting the closure. The alternative is to fill in a manner which does not cause fobbing but if no fob is created, air is not excluded from the headspace so the contents are exposed to oxidation.
For beverages stored in cans a different filling technique is used. The can is filled with liquid beverage and the level of frothing is controlled by flushing with carbon dioxide together with a ‘bubble breaking’ method (using jets of liquefied gas). Once the can is full, the end of the can is immediately secured to the end of the can body, eg by a seaming operation whilst flushing continues. A typical can filling line thus has both a filler (with associated gas flushing apparatus) and a seaming station for immediately attaching the end of the can to the can body to form a closed container with minimal oxygen therein.
A significant advantage of the embodiments of
The invention thus enables a container having a releasable closure (and preferably a wide mouth closure and/or a closure which can be re-fitted after removal), to be filled on a conventional can filling line and for the container to be closed by using the seaming apparatus to irreversibly secure a closing portion to the skirt portion so as to complete formation of the releasable closure.
As mentioned, the closing portion can be irreversibly secured to the skirt portion by a seamed joint, ie the same technology as used to secure the end of a conventional beverage can (such as a ring-pull can). This enables an improved form of container (ie a with mouth container with a releasable closure and, optionally, re-sealable closure) to be compatible with existing can filling and closing lines with little or no modification. This avoids the need for significant capital investment in new or extensively modified manufacturing plant and so enables an improved form of container, such as a beverage container, to be manufactured without the need for capital investment in new manufacturing apparatus.
The closures shown in
The closure also preferably has sealing means in the form of an o-ring as described above and in WO2011/151630 and GB1413249.2. In some embodiments the o-ring may engage a sealing surface around the exterior of the neck portion of the container whereas in other embodiments the o-ring may engage a sealing surface around an internal surface of the neck portion of the container.
It will be appreciated that when the container is filled on a conventional can filling and closure line (as discussed above), it is important that a good seal is provided between the skirt portion of the closure and the container (both during the filling operation and in the finished closed container). The use of an o-ring seal is particularly advantageous for providing such a seal when the container is to contain a carbonated beverage (or other pressurised contents).
As mentioned above, the o-ring is preferably mounted in a groove in the skirt portion of the closure or in a bore member which projects into the mouth of the container. The bore member is preferably part of the skirt portion but other arrangements in which it is part of the closing portion can also be envisaged. Other forms of sealing member for proving a seal between the closure and the container can be used (particularly in applications in which elevated pressures within the container do not need to be catered for).
As described above, if the container is designed to contain a carbonated beverage (or other pressurised contents), the closure is also preferably designed to be movable between a first secured and sealed position to a second secured venting position (in which the contents can vent but the closure remains attached to the container) and then to an open position. Other forms of venting may however be used.
As indicated above, securement of the skirt portion to the neck of the container by means of a thread form such as that of GB1413249.2 which will be briefly described below. Assembly of the closing portion onto the skirt portion will then be described.
The spaced apart portions of the first member form an intermittent, outwardly projecting lip which may be located at or near the upper end of the container 10 or, as in the embodiment shown, spaced from the upper end of the container 10, eg by a distance in the range 6-15 mm and preferably 9-12 mm. The horizontal elements of the first portions 11A are separated from each other in the circumferential direction and do not overlap with each other in the vertical direction.
As in the embodiment shown in
The container shown in
In some embodiments, the container may be formed of a plastics material, eg polyethylene terephthalate (PET), and is typically formed in a two-stage moulding process: forming a preform in a first injection moulding stage which forms the features above the groove 15 and then a second blow moulding stage in which the preform is blown to form the container shape beneath the groove 15. The first portions 11A and/or the groove 15 may be used to hold the preform during the blow moulding stage.
The container may also be formed of other materials, eg glass or metal or of a combination of materials. As mentioned above, some embodiments of the invention comprises a metal container with a metal closure, although a metal closure may also be provided on a container formed of another material, eg plastic or glass.
The following description refers to the initial mounting of the skirt portion 21 (prior to securement of a closing portion 22C thereto). Once the closure has been completed by irreversibly securing the closing portion 22C to the skirt portion 21 (as described further below) and following removal of the closure from the container 10 by a user, the closure can subsequently be re-mounted on the container 10 to close it again. This involves the same sequence of interactions between the thread features (first portions 11A and second portions 24A) of the skirt portion and the container described below.
In the arrangement shown, the skirt portion 21 of the closure is movable between a first position in which the second portions 24A (or at least part of the second portions) engage the upper surfaces 11B of the first portions 11A, a second position (following rotation and downward movement of the closure relative to the container 10), in which the sealing member 23 contacts the container 10 in a non-sealing position and the second portions 24A are aligned with spaces between the first portions 11A, and a third position (corresponding to the position shown in
Mounting the skirt portion 21 on the container thus involves the following stages: the second portions 24A are initially located above the first portions 11A and are then moved so they pass through the spaces between the first portions 11A and finally to a position in which they are located beneath the first portions 11A. The upper surfaces 24B of the second portions 24A are substantially horizontal and substantially flat throughout their length (or at least between the inclined ends 24D and 24E of the second portions 24A), so they can slide horizontally beneath the lower surfaces 11C of the first portions 11A, the lower surfaces 11C also being substantially horizontal and substantially flat throughout their length (or at least between the ends 11D and 11E of the first portions 11A).
To release the skirt portion 21 (typically following completion of the closure by the securement of the closing portion 22C to the skirt portion 21) from the secured position, it is rotated relative to the container 10 so as to disengage the second portions 24A from the underside of the first portions 11A and is then moved upwards. In a simple arrangement without further means to hold the closure in a venting position, the closure can then be lifted away from the container 10. In other arrangements, further rotation will be required to in order to release the closure from a venting position.
As described above, in the secured position, the second portions 24A are located beneath the first portions 11A and, to release the closure it is necessary to move the second portions so they are aligned with the gaps between the first portions 11A so they can pass though these gaps. Accordingly, if it is desired to prevent removal of the closure and/or provide a tamper evident feature, this can be achieved by inserting a blocking feature (not shown) into one or more of the gaps between the first portions 11A to prevent the second portions 24A being moved into alignment with said gaps and/or pass through said gaps until the blocking feature has been moved out of the way.
Such a blocking feature can be provided in a variety of ways. It may, for example, be attached to the closure or may be separate therefrom. It may be arranged so that when sufficient torque is applied thereto it ruptures and/or moves radially outwards so it no longer blocks movement of the second portion 24A into alignment with the gaps between the first portions 11A. In some cases, the blocking feature is positioned such that if the closure begins to be rotated in the loosening direction, the second portion 24A engages one side of the blocking features which blocks further rotation of the second portion 24A. If the blocking feature has a width similar to the length of the gap between the first portions 11A, circumferential movement of the blocking feature in the loosening direction may also be prevented by another side of the blocking feature engaging an end a first portion 11A.
Referring back to
As indicated above, the closure is formed from two initially separate parts: the skirt portion 21 (as shown in
The wall thickness (gauge) of such a metal closure may typically be in the range 0.14 mm-0.24 mm. The metal used may be similar to that used in conventional metal closures, eg as used for other types of twist off caps, for example tinplate (a low carbon mild steel coated on both surfaces with an electrolytic deposition of tin). The metal closure may also be formed from aluminium sheet as used in known aluminium beverage containers and closures, for example as used for roll on pilfer-proof (ROPP) closures. The use of aluminium also enables the provision of a tamper evident band on the closure, for example a drop-band which separates from the closure as the closure is removed (and which could drop into the handling groove 15) or a split-band which is ruptured when the closure is removed and comes away with the closure.
Similar tamper evident features may be provided in any of the embodiments described herein.
Once the skirt portion 21 has been releasably secured on the container as shown in
Other techniques may be used for irreversibly securing the closing portion 22C to the skirt portion 21, eg gluing or welding although seaming is preferred when the parts are made of metal as seaming is a widely used process in the canning industry.
As previously mentioned, the method described above for forming a releasable closure allows the skirt portion of the closure to first be fitted to the container, for the container to then be filled, eg with a beverage, through the opening 21B in the skirt portion 21, and the closing portion 22C to then be secured to the skirt portion 21, ie after the container has been filled. This novel method of forming the closure enables a novel form of container and closure to be filled and closed on a conventional can filling and closing line and enables a novel method of filling a container to be provided, ie a method in which a skirt portion of closure is releasably secured to a container prior to the container being filled and fabrication of the releasable closure completed (so as to close the container) after the container has been filled.
The container shown in
As mentioned above, some embodiments seek to provide a container and closure that is compatible with existing fill and close lines as used in the canning industry to ensure that the cost of manufacturing the containers and closures is kept low, and preferably comparable with existing containers. This also means that investment in manufacturing equipment, eg for filling and closing such containers is kept down.
The embodiments of
This embodiment thus enables an improved form of container (ie a with mouth container with a releasable closure and, optionally, re-sealable closure) to be compatible with existing can filling and closing lines with little or no modification. This avoids the need for significant capital investment in new or extensively modified manufacturing plant and so enables an improved form of container, such as a beverage container, to be manufactured without the need for capital investment in new manufacturing apparatus.
The closure preferably has a thread form similar to that described in co-pending GB1413249.2 and as described above in relation to the earlier embodiments. Other thread forms can be used (but will not have the additional advantages of those described in GB1413249.2.
The closure also preferably has sealing means in the form of an o-ring as disclosed in WO2011/151630 and in GB1413249.2 and as described in the earlier embodiments. In some embodiments the o-ring may engage a sealing surface around the exterior of the neck portion of the container whereas in other embodiment the o-ring may engage a sealing surface around an internal surface of the neck portion of the container.
It will be appreciated that when the container is filled on a conventional can filling and closure line (as discussed above), it is important that a good seal is provided between the skirt portion of the closure and the container (both during the filling operation and in the finished closed container). The use of an o-ring seal is particularly advantageous for providing such a seal when the container is to contain a carbonated beverage (or other pressurised contents). Other forms of sealing member for proving a seal between the closure and the container can be used (particularly in applications in which elevated pressures within the container do not need to be catered for).
The container body 10 is formed of metal and has a first opening defining an axis A at the first end 10A thereof and first engagement means towards the first end 10A thereof. The first engagement means comprises an outwardly projecting first member around an external surface of the container 10, the first member comprising a plurality of circumferentially spaced apart first portions 11A (four in the example shown), each first portion 11A has an upper surface 11B, a lower surface 11C, a first end surface 11D and a second end surface 11E. The upper surface 11B is substantially horizontal in the circumferential direction but may be curved or inclined in the radial direction. The lower surface 11C is also substantially horizontal in the circumferential direction and, in the embodiment shown, is substantially horizontal, and substantially flat, in the radial direction. The first portions have substantially similar shape and function to those described in earlier embodiments.
However, in some applications it may be desirable to have a plastics container body 10 and a closing portion 16 formed of metal. A plastic container 10 formed by injection moulding and then blow moulding may not be suitable for housing a carbonated beverage which requires pasteurisation as the base of the container may distort during the process so that it no longer provides a stable platform on which the container 10 can be stood. During blow moulding the walls of the container are subject to biaxial stretching so the material thereof changes from an amorphous form to a more rigid crystalline structure. The base of the plastic container may still be amorphous and thus subject to deformation at elevated temperature and pressure. In such a situation, it may be desirable to cut off the amorphous end of the blow moulding and seam a metal closing portion 16 thereto in the manner described above.
The closure is releasably secured to the body portion of the container in essentially the same manner as described in earlier embodiments.
Once the closure has been releasably secured to the container body, the container body can be filled through the second opening in its second end. This may be done by inverting the container so the second opening is uppermost and then filling the container body with a liquid (or other contents). As mentioned above, this may be done in a conventional can filling line arranged to fill the container in a non-fobbing manner.
Once the container has been filled, the second opening can then be closed by securing a container closing portion thereto. Preferably, this is carried out in a closing station of a conventional can filling and closing line. As soon as the container has been filled, a container closing portion can be secured thereto, eg by forming a seamed joint therebetween. This may be similar to the manner in which a top (typically comprising a ring-pull) is secured to a conventional can body. A container closing portion 16 is aligned with the second opening of the container body 10 and a flange around its periphery located onto an upstanding part of the container body 10. The flange is then compressed in a seaming operation to form a seamed joint with the container. The container closing portion 16 is thus irreversibly secured to the container body 10 to complete the formation of the container. The container 10 can them be returned to an upright position and the seamed joint forms a base of the container on which it can stably stand on a flat surface.
The first portions 11A and second portions 24A are similar to those of earlier embodiments (eg as shown in
The third portions 25A are also similar to those of earlier embodiments (eg those of
As shown in
The above embodiments have been described primarily in relation to applications in which there is an elevated pressure within the containers, eg if it contains a carbonated beverage. However, the closure and container may also be used in other applications in which the pressure within the container is lower than the pressure outside the container. Such applications include those in which the container is filled with a hot food product and the closure then fitted to close the container so that, as the food cools, the pressure within the container containers falls. In such applications some variation in the length and/or angle of the parts of the first and second portions securing the closure to the container may be desirable.
The closure shown in
In all embodiments, the cross-sectional area of the gland is greater than the cross-sectional area of the o-ring 23 so the o-ring 23 is able to move and/or deform within the gland (eg as illustrated in
As described above the o-ring seal may be provided internally (as in
Preferably, the uppermost portion of the external surface of the container is inclined so as to provide a surface corresponding to the lead-in surface of the embodiments described above to compress/deform the o-ring as the closure is drawn downwards relative the container.
Such a closure may be also provided with a bore component that fits within the mouth of the container as described above. This bore component need not have a recess therein for receiving a further o-ring (although an internal o-ring as described above could also be provided in addition to the external o-ring on the skirt of the closure). A closure with an external o-ring provided in a recess in the skirt of the cap (as described above) but without a bore component is also possible.
The thread features provided on the closure (and the container) of a closure having such an external o-ring may be essentially similar and function in a similar manner to those described above.
In the embodiments described above the first, second and third portions are each equi-angularly spaced around the circumference of the container and closure. However, it would be possible for these to be non-uniformly spaced, eg if it is desired to provide a large spacing between the portions in one or more areas so as to provide a more comfortable are to drink from.
The illustrated embodiments each have four first portions (and four second portions and four third portions) but, as indicated, a smaller or greater number may be used depending on the diameter of the closure and container and the pressure the closure is designed to withstand. In some applications, it may be desirable to provide, for example, six first portions (and six second portions). Such embodiments may also have six third portions (although fewer may be used, eg three third portions). Using a larger number of first and second portions can help provide the closure with more uniform strength or rigidity around its circumference which can help minimise the tendency for it to be distorted into a non-circular shape when subject to high temperature and pressure (eg during pasteurisation). As shown in the illustrated embodiments, the first portions all have the same form and function and, similarly, all of the second portions have the same form and function.
The lower surfaces of the first portions and the upper surfaces of the second portions are, as described preferably substantially flat in the radial direction. However, in some embodiments, eg on a bottle neck, these surface may be angle or curved in the radial direction so long as the interaction between the surfaces in the vertical direction is sufficient to provide the required securement of the closure on the container in the vertical direction.
In the embodiments described, the first portions preferably have a simple and relatively smooth shape so as to minimise their impact on the appearance of the container and their impact on the user's lips whereas the second (and optionally third) portions on the closure may have a more complex shape as they do not come into contact with the users lips and as they are concealed to some extent on the inner surface of the closure. However, in situations where these factors are of less concern, the first portion may have a more complex shape. One possibility is for the downwardly and upwardly angled ends of the second portions to be provided instead on the first portions. Another possibility would be for the first portions to be provided on the closure and the second portions on the container.
For carbonated applications in particular, the upwardly angled ends may also be omitted if the pressure within the container is relied upon to assist the user in lifting the closure once the engagement of the third portions beneath the second portions has been released.
As described above, the first and second portions of the thread form for securing the metal closure to the container have elements with elongate surfaces which are substantially horizontal. The engagement between upper surfaces of the first portions and lower surfaces of the second portions secures the closure on the container and resists upward movement of the closure relative to the container. The frictional engagement between these surfaces also resists rotation of the closure in the loosening direction until sufficient torque is applied to overcome this. In view of the length of the engagement of these surfaces, this is, in many cases, sufficient to prevent inadvertent loosening of the closure. However, in same circumstances it may be desirable to provide some additional resistance to rotation of the closure in the loosening direction, eg if the closure is subject to vibration. One way of achieving this (as shown in
Another option is to incline the engaging surfaces slightly, eg by up to 1-2 degrees, so that in order to rotate the closure in the loosening direction, the closure has to move downwards slightly as these (slightly inclined) engaging surfaces slide over each other. This reverse inclination of surfaces need only be very small to provide the required resistance to inadvertent loosening of the closure so the surfaces are still ‘substantially horizontal’.
When a metal closure is used on a plastic container, it remains necessary to maximise the area of contact between the first and second portions otherwise the pressure on the plastic part would increase and may thus be deformed. As with a plastic closure, the circumferential length of the substantially horizontal upper surfaces of the second portions is preferably at least 50% or at least 75%, of the circumferential length of the substantially horizontal lower surfaces of the first portions.
For a container housing a carbonated beverage, the circumferential length of the substantially horizontal upper surfaces of the second portions is preferably substantially the same as the circumferential length of the substantially horizontal lower surfaces of the first portions.
Also, each first portion preferably has a circumferential length substantially similar to the circumferential length of said elements of the second portions and preferably said elements of the second portions are in contact with substantially the entire circumferential length of said lower surfaces of said first portions when the closure is secured to the container.
For a wide-mouth container housing a carbonated beverage, the combined circumferential lengths of the first portions is preferably substantially half the outer circumference of the container at the position at which the first portions are provided thereon.
As mentioned above, at least for carbonated applications, the combined circumferential length of the first portions is preferably about 50% of the external circumference of the container and in the secured position the second portions are in contact with substantially the entire circumferential length of the lower surfaces of said first portions. For non-carbonated application in particular, but also when both cap and container are made from a stronger material such as metal which is less liable to deformation, the combined circumferential length of the first portions (and of the second portions) may be less but is preferably at least 15-25% of the external circumference of the container (or closure) to help ensure the closure is securely held on the container (as it may still be subject to a pressure differential due to temperature changes or to reduced external pressure). Also, if the gaps between the first portions or second portions become too large, there is a risk that the closure may distort to a non-circular shape which can prejudice the seal between the container and the closure.
Similarly, the second portions may be in contact with less than the entire circumferential length of the lower surfaces of said first portions. However, the length of contact should be sufficient to enable the surfaces to slide over each other and sufficient to withstand the pressure to which the closure will be subjected to without the second portions becoming indented in, or otherwise damaging, the first portions.
It will also be appreciated from the embodiments described above that the circumferential spacing between the first portions must be sufficient to allow the second portions to pass therebetween. Although the second portions may have one or more inclined ends, and these may pass ate an angle between the first portions, the horizontal elements of the second portions must be shorter than the circumferential spacing between the first portions (whether they pass vertically or at an angle through the gaps therebetween).
Whilst the closure may initially be applied to the container my machinery during manufacture or in a closing and filling line, the ability for the end user to be able to re-close and re-seal the container after its initial opening is a significant advantage in many applications. With a wide mouth closure, and particularly when there is a need to maintain a good seal at elevated temperatures and/or pressures, the provision of a closure which can also be easily removed and re-applied manually by the end user and yet provide a reliable seal can be challenging. The threadform and sealing arrangements described above provide a solution to this.
For the avoidance of doubt, the verb “comprise” as used herein has its normal dictionary meaning, ie to denote non-exclusive inclusion. The use of the word “comprise” (or any of its derivatives) does not therefore exclude the possibility of further features being included.
All of the features disclosed in this specification (including the accompanying claims, and drawings) may also be combined in any combination (other than combinations where the features are mutually exclusive).
Each feature disclosed in this specification (including the accompanying claims and drawings) may be replaced by alternative features serving the same, equivalent or similar purpose, unless expressly stated otherwise. Thus, unless expressly stated otherwise, each feature disclosed is just an example of a generic series of features providing an equivalent or similar function.
The invention is not restricted to the details of the embodiments described. The invention extends to a container and/or closure which comprises one or more of the features referred to above, or any other novel concept, feature, or combination of the features disclosed herein.
Claims
1. A container and a closure therefor, the container having an opening defining an axis and an outwardly projecting first member around an external surface of the container, said first member comprising a plurality of circumferentially spaced apart first portions, each first portion having an element with elongate upper and lower surfaces, said upper and lower surfaces thereof being substantially horizontal in the circumferential direction, the closure having a top part and a skirt part, the skirt part comprising an inwardly projecting second member around an internal surface thereof, said second member comprising a plurality of circumferentially spaced apart second portions, each second portion having an element with elongate upper and lower surfaces, said upper and lower surfaces thereof being substantially horizontal in the circumferential direction, said elements of the second portions being of a length such that they can pass through spaces between the first portions and being locatable beneath the first portions so as to secure the closure to the container.
2. A container and a closure as claimed in claim 1, in which each of the first portions, or each of the second portions, has an upwardly inclined end at one end thereof and/or a downwardly inclined end at the other end thereof.
3. A container and a closure as claimed in claim 2, in which the upwardly and/or downwardly inclined ends of the second portions extend beyond said elongate upper and lower surfaces thereof, respectively.
4. A container and a closure as claimed in claim 2 in which upon rotation of the closure in a first direction about axis A, said downwardly inclined ends acts to drive the second portions downwards relative to the first portions.
5. A container and a closure as claimed in claim 2 in which upon rotation of the closure in a second direction about axis A, said upwardly inclined ends acts to drive the second portions upwards relative to the first portions.
6. A container and a metal closure as claimed in claim 1 in which the closure has a sealing member for providing a seal with a sealing surface of the container, the sealing surface being a substantially vertical surface about the interior or exterior of a neck portion of the container.
7. A container and closure as claimed in claim 3 in which said downwardly inclined ends act to drive the second portions downwards from a position in which said sealing member contacts the container in a non-sealing position to a position in which said sealing member sealingly engages the sealing surface of the container.
8. A container and closure as claimed in claim 7 in which the sealing member comprises an o-ring mounted in a gland.
9. A container and closure as claimed in claim 1 in which the closure is movable between a first secured sealed position and a second secured venting position in which venting of the container is enabled.
10. A container and closure as claimed in claim 9 in which the skirt portion of the closure comprises a further inwardly projecting member comprising a plurality of circumferentially spaced apart third portions each of the third portions having an upper surface which is at a lower level than said upper surfaces of the second portions, said third portions being arranged to engage the lower surfaces of the first portions when the closure is in a venting position.
11. A container and a closure therefor, the container having an opening defining an axis and an outwardly projecting first member around an external surface of the container, said first member comprising a plurality of circumferentially spaced apart first portions, each first portion comprising an element having an upper surface and a lower surface, said upper surface being substantially horizontal in the circumferential direction and said lower surface being substantially horizontal in the circumferential direction, the closure having a top part and a skirt part, and a sealing member for providing a seal with a sealing surface of the container, the skirt part comprising an inwardly projecting second member around an internal surface thereof, said second member comprising a plurality of circumferentially spaced apart second portions, the closure being securable to the container by interaction between said first and second portions, the closure being movable between a first position in which at least part of said second portions engage the upper surfaces of said first portions, a second position, following rotation in a first direction and downward movement of the closure relative to the container, in which said sealing member contacts the container in a non-sealing position and elements of said second portions are aligned with spaces between said first portions and a third position, following further rotation of the closure in the first direction relative to the container and further downward movement of the closure relative to the container, in which said sealing member has been moved downwards to sealingly engage said sealing surface and said elements of said second portions are located beneath said first portions in contact with said lower surfaces thereof.
12. A container and closure as claimed in claim 11 in which the skirt portion of the closure comprises a further inwardly projecting member comprising a plurality of circumferentially spaced apart third portions each of the third portions having an upper surface which is at a lower level than said upper surfaces of the second portions, said third portions being arranged to engage the lower surfaces of the first portions when the closure is in said second position.
13. A closure and container as claimed in claim 1 comprising a widemouth container as defined herein.
14. A container and closure as claimed in claim 11 in which said sealing member is compressed in a substantially horizontal direction between the container and the closure as the closure is moved downwards by rotation thereof to move it into sealing engagement with said sealing surface.
15. A container and closure as claimed in claim 1 in which the metal closure is formed from sheet metal and shaped by forming processes.
16. A container and metal closure as claimed in claim 15 in which the first member and/or the second member is formed by an indentation in the external surface of the skirt portion of the closure so as to form said spaced apart first portions and/or said spaced apart second portions projecting from an inner surface of the skirt portion.
17. A container and closure as claimed in claim 15 in which the closure comprising two, initially separate, components: an annular skirt portion adapted to be releasably secured to the container and a closing portion which has been irreversibly secured to the skirt portion so as to close an opening therein, preferably by a seamed joint.
18. A container and closure as claimed in claim 11 in which the container comprising a container body having a first opening at a first end thereof and a second opening at a second end thereof, the closure being releasably mounted on the container body so as to releasably close the first opening, and the second opening of the container body being closed by a container closing portion which has been irreversibly secured to the container body to close permanently the second end thereof, preferably by a seamed joint.
19. A container and metal closure as claimed in claim 1 in which the container comprises a container body with said opening at one end thereof and a base portion closing the other end thereof, said first member being provided on an external surface of a neck portion of the container, said neck portion being an integral part of the container body and being at or towards an upper end thereof.
20. A plastic container and a metal closure therefor, the container having an opening defining an axis and first engagement means for releasably securing the metal closure thereto so as to releasably close said opening, the closure having a sealing member for providing a seal with a sealing surface of the container, the sealing member comprising an o-ring provided within a recess in the closure and the sealing surface being an external surface of the container, said recess and sealing surface together defining a gland in which the o-ring is located.
Type: Application
Filed: Jan 24, 2017
Publication Date: Jul 13, 2017
Inventors: John Hein (Leeds), Anthony Henry Joseph Fraser (Rutland)
Application Number: 15/414,205