GEOTHERMAL HEATING AND COOLING SYSTEM
A geothermal heating and cooling system that uses a water source to provide a heat transfer medium is provided. Elements of the system may include a water source, one or more circulation loops coupled to the water source, a heat exchanger and/or heat pump, and/or a monitoring component configured to monitor for conditions within the system, including leak integrity and water quality.
This application claims priority to U.S. Provisional Application No. 62/300,401, filed Feb. 26, 2016, and titled “Geothermal Heating and Cooling System,” the entire contents of which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.
TECHNICAL FIELDThe field of the technology relates to geothermal heating and cooling.
BACKGROUNDGeothermal heating and cooling systems utilize the temperature of the earth to provide a constant temperature source for heat transfer. Traditional geothermal systems can be cumbersome, expensive, and limited in their heating and cooling capacity. Accordingly, an improved geothermal heating and cooling system that addresses these issues, among others, is needed.
SUMMARYThis summary is provided to introduce a selection of concepts in a simplified form that are further described below in the detailed description section of this disclosure. This summary is not intended to identify key or essential features of the technology, nor is it intended to be used as an aid in determining the scope of the technology.
In brief, and at a high level, this disclosure describes, among other things, a geothermal heating and cooling system that uses a water source, such as a municipal water source, to provide a medium for heat transfer. More specifically, elements of the system may include a water source, one or more circulation loops coupled to the water source, a heat exchanger/heat pump, and a monitoring component configured to monitor for conditions within the system, including leak integrity and water quality.
In one embodiment, a system for geothermal heating and cooling is provided, in accordance with an embodiment of the present technology. The system comprises a water source, a circulation loop coupled to the water source and passing proximate a space to be heated or cooled, the circulation loop configured to circulate water from the water source, a heat pump coupled to the circulation loop and configured to provide heat transfer between the water and the space to be heated or cooled, and a monitoring component configured to monitor for at least one of quality of the water and leak integrity of the circulation loop.
In another embodiment, a system for geothermal heating and cooling is provided, in accordance with an embodiment of the present technology. The system comprises a water source, a heat exchanger, a first circulation loop configured to circulate water from the water source through the heat exchanger and back to the water source, a second circulation loop configured to circulate a heat exchange fluid through the heat exchanger and proximate a space to be heated or cooled, and a monitoring component configured to monitor at least one of quality of the water and leak integrity of at least one of the first circulation loop and the second circulation loop.
In another embodiment, a heat exchanger for a geothermal heating and cooling system is provided, in accordance with an embodiment of the present technology. The heat exchanger comprises a first circulation loop, a second circulation loop, at least one air chamber between the first circulation loop and the second circulation loop, and a monitoring component positioned in the at least one air chamber, the monitoring component configured to detect at least one of a presence of fluid in the at least one air chamber and a change of pressure in the at least one air chamber.
In another embodiment, a method of geothermal heating and cooling is provided, in accordance with an embodiment of the present technology. The method comprises providing a water source, providing a heat exchanger, coupling a first circulation loop to the heat exchanger and to the water source, coupling a second circulation loop to the heat exchanger and extending the second circulation loop proximate a space to be heated or cooled, coupling a heat pump to the second circulation loop for exchanging heat between a heat exchange fluid in the second circulation loop and the space to be heated or cooled, and providing a monitoring component configured to monitor for at least one of quality of the water and integrity of at least one of the first circulation loop and the second circulation loop.
As used in this disclosure, “monitoring component” may comprise a single element or a combination of elements, local or remote, automatically or manually operated and/or configured, for monitoring water quality or leak integrity in a geothermal heating and cooling system.
Additionally, as used in this disclosure, a “water source” may be a municipal water source, wastewater source, graywater source, reused or reclaimed water source, federal water source, private water source, in-ground or above-ground water source, or any other source of water.
The present invention is described in detail below with reference to the attached drawing figures, which are intended to be exemplary and non-limiting, wherein:
The subject matter of the present technology is described with specificity in this disclosure to meet statutory requirements. However, the description itself is not intended to limit the scope of the technology. Rather, the claimed subject matter may also be embodied in other ways, to include different features, components, steps, and/or combinations of steps, similar to the ones described in this disclosure, in conjunction with other present and/or future technologies. Moreover, although the terms “step” and/or “block” may be used herein to connote different elements of methods employed, the terms should not be interpreted as implying any particular order among or between various steps disclosed herein unless and except the order of individual steps is explicitly described and required.
At a high level, the present technology generally relates to geothermal heating and cooling utilizing a water source (e.g., a preinstalled potable water line or reclaimed water line). A circulation loop may be coupled to the water source and used to circulate water through, around, and/or proximate a space to be heated or cooled, and/or through a heat exchanger coupled to a separate circulation loop that circulates a heating and cooling fluid through, around, and/or proximate to the space to be heated or cooled, to allow heat transfer to occur. Additionally, a monitoring component may be used to determine a quality of the water in the system and re-entering the water source, and/or to determine if any leaks are present within the system. Exemplary embodiments of the technology are described in greater detail below with respect to
Referring now to
The system 10 in
The water may enter the circulation loop 18 from the water source 12 at the first fluid coupling 20, proceed through the circulation loop 18 through, around, and/or proximate the space 14 to be heated or cooled, and then exit the circulation loop 18 at the second fluid coupling 22, where it may re-enters the water source 12. Although not explicitly depicted, one or more valves may be located at the first fluid coupling 20, around the circulation loop 18, and/or at the second fluid coupling 22 to direct, restrict, and/or activate the flow of the water 16 through the circulation loop 18. Additionally, one or more backflow preventers 26 may be located in the circulation loop 18 to prevent the water from reversing direction and re-entering the water source 12, as needed.
The monitoring component 28 may include one or more sensors 29 for monitoring operating conditions of the system 10. The sensors 29 may comprise water quality testing sensors, such as temperature sensors, contaminant sensors, biologic or pathogen testing sensors, heavy metal sensors, and/or volatile organic compound sensors, for example, which are configured to detect the presence of the same, either locally at the system 10, or remotely at a testing location using water extracted from the system 10. The sensors 29 may also comprise leak integrity sensors, such as pressure sensors, humidity/moisture sensors, and/or fluid detection sensors used within or proximate the system 10, for example. The sensors 29 may be coupled to, within, or proximate to the circulation loop 18, the space 14, and/or other parts of the system 10, including at a downstream location 30 relative to the circulation loop 18. The monitoring component 28 may be configured to test the quality of the water 16 in the system 10 by extracting a portion of the water 16 from the circulation loop 18 at one or multiple locations (e.g., at the downstream location 30).
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In
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The system 44 includes a second circulation loop 50 that extends through, around, and/or proximate the space 14 to be heated or cooled, which in
The heat exchanger 46 may be designed such that both the first circulation loop 48 and the second circulation loop 50 pass through the heat exchanger 46 in separate pathways, to allow transfer of heat between the water 16, which may be constantly replenished from the water source 12, and the heat exchange fluid 52, which may be recirculated through the second circulation loop 50 to carry heat to or from the space 14, without directly mixing the water 16 and the heat exchange fluid 52. In this respect, the heat exchanger 46 may be designed such that the first and second circulation loops 48, 50 are in fluid isolation, possibly using pressurization, one or more air chambers or gaps, a double walled design, gaskets, seals, or a similar segmented design, which may help prevent the heat exchange fluid 52 from infiltrating or contaminating the water 16 in the first circulation loop 48. Additionally, the monitoring component 28 may be integrated into the heat exchanger 46 to monitor water quality and leak integrity, as discussed further below.
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Although exemplary heat exchangers are depicted herein as plate-and-frame heat exchangers, any type of double-walled heat exchangers, air-gap or air-chamber type heat exchangers, double-pipe heat exchangers, shell-and-tube heat exchangers, plate-fin heat exchangers, concentric tube heat exchangers, and spiral heat exchangers may be used. In other words, any heat exchanger that includes an air gap, seal, and/or fluid separation, including one with a monitoring component therein, that allows transfer of heat and which can be monitored for the presence of fluid or a change in humidity or pressure, may be used.
Referring now to
The first series of plates 78 and the second series of plates 80 are also at least partially separated by at least one air chamber 82, which may be a plurality of isolated air chambers 82 between the respective plurality of plates 72, or one interconnected air chamber 82 that extends between the plurality of plates 72. The air chamber 82 provides an additional boundary to help maintain fluid separation between water 16 and the heat exchange fluid 52, and also, may allow testing for leak integrity within the heat exchanger 46. Additionally, the monitoring component 28, shown distinct from the heat exchanger 46 in
In one exemplary operation of the heat exchanger 46, the heat exchanger 46 may be pressurized, with a pressure sensor 27 coupled to the monitoring component 28. The pressure sensor 27 may be positioned in the air chamber 82 to detect if a pressure within the heat exchanger 46 (e.g., in the air chamber 82) has changed, in order to monitor the leak integrity of the loops 74, 76. The air chamber 82, or another part of the heat exchanger 46, such as a bottom interior area, may include a fluid detection sensor 31 to detect when a fluid is present in the heat exchanger 46 or in the air chamber 82. Other detection methods, including pressure sensors, temperature sensors, humidity sensors, or other types of detection components may be integrated into the heat exchanger 46 or air chamber 82 to monitor leak integrity. Similar methods may be employed around piping at other locations in the first circulation loop and/or second circulation loop.
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At a fifth block 618, a heat pump, such as the heat pump 24 shown in
The water quality indicators may be monitored on an intermittent, selective, or ongoing basis by the monitoring component or other testing equipment. The indicators may be measured or determined from the water 16 in the circulation loops, and also, from water in a downstream section of the water source 12, to provide a comprehensive picture of the water quality in the system. Baseline indicators may also be taken by monitoring water in the water source before it enters the water circulation loops in the system. Additionally, any tests performed to verify state, local, and federal drinking water standards may be conducted. It should be noted that the water may simply be removed locally and tested by a monitoring component at a remote lab, in addition to being tested on-site, including by specific sensors.
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As for water quality indicators, a variety can be monitored, measured, and/or recorded for analysis. The indicators may include measurements of influent temperature, effluent temperature, influent chlorine, effluent chlorine, influent pH, effluent pH, influent pressure, effluent pressure, influent iron, effluent iron, influent bacteria, effluent bacteria, influent heterotrophic plate count, effluent heterotrophic plate count, or other measurements. The indicators may be measured using appropriate testing equipment or sensors, on-site or off-site.
Additionally, a variety of other water quality indicators, which may include the presence of inorganic compounds, may be tested in the water, including calcium, iron, magnesium, sodium, seaborgium, arsenic, barium, beryllium, cadmium, chromium, copper, lead, mercury, manganese, magnesium, nickel, selenium, silver, thallium, zinc, copernicium, chloride, fluoride, nitrate, nitrogen dioxide, sulphate, alkali, hard calcium, color, methylene blue active substances, langelier saturation index, ammonia, odors, total dissolved solids, etc.
Further, volatile organic compounds may also be measured and analyzed. Such volatile organic compounds may include 1,1,1,2-Tetrachloroethane, 1,1,1-Trichloroethane, 1,1,2,2-Tetrachloroethane, 1,1,2-Trichloroethane, 1,1-Dichloroethane, 1,1,1-Dichloroethene, 1,1-Dichloropropene, 1,2,3-Tricholorobenzene, 1,2,3-Tricholorpropane, 1,2,4-Tricholorbenzene, 1,2,4-Trimethylbenzene, 1,2-Dichlorobenzene, 1,2-Dichloroethane, 1,2-Dichloropropane, 1,3,5-Trimethylbenzene, 1,3-Dichlorobenzene, 1,3-Dichloropropene, 1,4-Dichlorobenzene, 2,2-Dichloropropene, 2/4-Chlorotoluene, 4-Isopropyltoluene, Benzene, Bromobenzene, Bromocholormethane, Bromodichloromethane, Bromoform, Bromomethane, Carbon Tetrachloride, Chlorobenzene, Chloroethane, Chloroform, Chloromethane, cis-1,2-Dichloroethene, cis-1,3-Dichloropropane, Dibromochloromethane, Dibromomethane, Dichlorodifluoromethane, Ethylbenzene, Hexachlorobutadiene, Hexane, Isopropyl Benzene, m,p-Xylene, MTBE, Methylene Chloride, n-Butylbenzene, n-Propylbenzene, o-Xylene, sec-Butylbenzene, Styrene, tert-Butylbenzene, Tetrachloroethene, Toluene, trans-1,2-Dichloroethene, trans-1,3-Dichloropropene, Trichloroethene, Trichlorofluoromethane, and Vinyl Chloride, among others. In addition, systems for geothermal heating and cooling, including those described in this disclosure, and those with proper setup, have been tested for influent and effluent water temperature, inorganic compounds, and volatile organic compounds, and have determined to remain within preconfigured acceptable levels between influent measurements and effluent measurements for selected water quality indicators.
The present technology has been described in relation to particular embodiments, which are intended in all respects to be illustrative rather than restrictive. Alternative embodiments will become apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art to which the present technology pertains without departing from its scope.
Claims
1. A system for geothermal heating and cooling, the system comprising:
- a water source;
- a circulation loop coupled to the water source and passing proximate to a space to be heated or cooled, the circulation loop configured to circulate water from the water source;
- a heat pump coupled to the circulation loop and configured to provide heat transfer between the water and the space to be heated or cooled; and
- a monitoring component configured to monitor for at least one of: quality of the water, and leak integrity of the circulation loop.
2. The system of claim 1, further comprising a first fluid coupling joined to the circulation loop and to the water source, the first fluid coupling configured to provide the water to the circulation loop from the water source.
3. The system of claim 2, further comprising a second fluid coupling joined to the circulation loop and to the water source, the second fluid coupling configured to return the water from the circulation loop to the water source.
4. The system of claim 3, further comprising a third fluid coupling joined to the circulation loop and to a diffusion well, and a junction with at least one valve configured to selectively direct the water through the first fluid coupling or the second fluid coupling.
5. The system of claim 1, wherein the monitoring component is configured to:
- extract a portion of the water from the circulation loop or from the water source at a location downstream of the circulation loop; and
- test the water for at least one of: contaminants; and biologics and pathogens.
6. The system of claim 1, wherein monitoring the leak integrity of the circulation loop comprises monitoring for:
- pressure changes within the circulation loop using a pressure sensor coupled to the circulation loop; and
- a presence of the water outside of an internal portion of the circulation loop through which the water travels using a fluid detection sensor coupled to the circulation loop.
7. The system of claim 1, further comprising at least one backflow preventer coupled to the circulation loop that prevents the water from reversing direction.
8. A system for geothermal heating and cooling, the system comprising:
- a water source;
- a heat exchanger;
- a first circulation loop configured to circulate water from the water source through the heat exchanger and back to the water source;
- a second circulation loop configured to circulate a heat exchange fluid through the heat exchanger and proximate to a space to be heated or cooled; and
- a monitoring component configured to monitor for at least one of: quality of the water, and leak integrity of at least one of the first circulation loop and the second circulation loop.
9. The system of claim 8, further comprising a first fluid coupling joined to the first circulation loop and to the water source, the first fluid coupling configured to provide the water to the first circulation loop from the water source.
10. The system of claim 9, further comprising a second fluid coupling joined to the first circulation loop and to the water source, the second fluid coupling configured to return the water from the first circulation loop to the water source.
11. The system of claim 10, further comprising a third fluid coupling joined to the first circulation loop and to a diffusion well, and a junction with at least one valve configured to selectively direct the water through the second fluid coupling or the third fluid coupling.
12. The system of claim 8, wherein the monitoring component monitors the quality of the water, and is configured to:
- extract a portion of the water from the first circulation loop or from the water source at a location downstream of the first circulation loop; and
- test the water for at least one of: contaminants; and biologics and pathogens.
13. The system of claim 8, wherein the monitoring component monitors for leak integrity of at least one of the first circulation loop and the second circulation loop, and wherein the monitoring component is configured to detect a pressure change within the heat exchanger using a pressure sensor.
14. The system of claim 8, wherein the monitoring component monitors for leak integrity of at least one of the first circulation loop and the second circulation loop, and wherein the monitoring component is configured to determine a presence of fluid in the heat exchanger using a fluid detection sensor.
15. The system of claim 8, wherein the system further comprises a notification component and a flow control component,
- wherein the notification component is configured to send a signal when the monitoring component detects that the quality of the water is compromised or a leak is present in at least one of the first circulation loop and the second circulation loop, and
- wherein the flow control component is configured to prevent the water from returning to the water source when the monitoring component detects that the water quality is compromised or the leak is present in at least one of the first circulation loop and the second circulation loop.
16. The system of claim 8, further comprising at least one heat pump coupled to the second circulation loop for providing heat transfer between the heat exchange fluid and the space to be heated or cooled.
17. The system of claim 8, wherein the heat exchanger is a double-walled heat exchanger, wherein the first circulation loop and the second circulation loop are separated by at least one air chamber in the double-walled heat exchanger, and wherein the monitoring component monitors for the leak integrity within the at least one air chamber.
18. A heat exchanger for a geothermal heating and cooling system, the heat exchanger comprising:
- a first circulation loop;
- a second circulation loop;
- at least one air chamber between the first circulation loop and the second circulation loop; and
- a monitoring component positioned in the at least one air chamber, the monitoring component configured to detect at least one of: a presence of fluid in the at least one air chamber, and a change of pressure in the at least one air chamber.
19. The heat exchanger of claim 18, wherein the heat exchanger is a plate-and-frame heat exchanger, wherein the first circulation loop comprises a first series of plates, and wherein the second circulation loop comprises a second series of plates in alternating configuration with the first series of plates.
20. The heat exchanger of claim 19, wherein the at least one air chamber is pressurized, and wherein the monitoring component monitors for the change of pressure in the at least one air gap using at least one pressure sensor.
21. The heat exchanger of claim 18, wherein the monitoring component monitors for the presence of fluid in the at least one air chamber using at least one of a humidity sensor and a fluid detection sensor.
22. A method for geothermal heating and cooling, the method comprising:
- providing a water source;
- providing a heat exchanger;
- coupling a first circulation loop to the heat exchanger and to the water source;
- coupling a second circulation loop to the heat exchanger and extending the second circulation loop proximate to a space to be heated or cooled;
- coupling a heat pump to the second circulation loop for exchanging heat between a heat exchange fluid in the second circulation loop and the space to be heated or cooled; and
- providing a monitoring component configured to monitor for at least one of: quality of the water, and integrity of at least one of the first circulation loop and the second circulation loop.
23. The method of claim 22, wherein the monitoring component monitors the integrity of at least one of the first circulation loop and the second circulation loop using at least one of:
- a pressure sensor coupled to the heat exchanger; and
- a fluid detection sensor coupled to the heat exchanger.
24. The method of claim 22, wherein the monitoring component monitors the quality of the water, and wherein monitoring the quality of the water comprises monitoring for:
- changes in temperature;
- a presence of contaminants; and
- a presence of biologics and pathogens.
25. The method of claim 22, further comprising providing a temperature sensor coupled to the water source downstream of the first circulation loop, and measuring changes in temperature of the water.
26. The method of claim 25, further comprising:
- coupling a junction comprising a valve to the first circulation loop;
- coupling the junction to a diffusion well;
- determining the integrity of at least one of the first circulation loop and the second circulation loop is compromised; and
- operating the valve to divert at least a portion of the water in the first circulation loop to the diffusion well to prevent the at least a portion of the water from returning to the water source.
Type: Application
Filed: Jun 15, 2016
Publication Date: Aug 31, 2017
Inventors: William M. Varley (Brightwaters, NY), Douglas I. Brand (Haddonfield, NJ), Anthony J. Yanka (Moorestown, NJ), John P. DiEnna, JR. (Springfield, PA), Don Penn (Grapevine, TX)
Application Number: 15/183,297