HEAT TRANSFER DEVICE, TURBOMACHINE CASING AND RELATED STORAGE MEDIUM
Various embodiments include a heat transfer device, a turbomachine casing and a related storage medium. In some cases, the device includes: a body having an outer surface and an inner cavity within the outer surface; at least one aperture extending through the body, the at least one aperture positioned to direct fluid from the inner cavity through the body to the outer surface; a first lip proximate a first end of the body, and a second lip proximate a second end of the body, the first lip and the second lip each extending radially outward from the outer surface relative to a direction of flow of the fluid through the inner cavity; and a plug coupled with the body, the plug for obstructing an end of the inner cavity, the plug positioned to redirect flow of the fluid from a first direction to a second, distinct direction.
The present subject matter is related to turbomachines. More particularly, the present subject matter is directed to heat transfer in turbomachines.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTIONTurbomachine systems are continuously being modified to increase efficiency and decrease cost. One method for increasing the efficiency of a turbomachine system includes increasing the operating temperature of the turbomachine system. To increase the temperature, the turbomachine system is constructed of materials which can withstand such temperatures during use.
Within turbomachine systems, a casing component (casing) generally houses a nozzle/vane component (nozzle section). A working fluid is channeled through the turbomachine system, via the nozzle section, toward a set of buckets/blades, which rotate to drive one or more outputs e.g., a dynamoelectric machine. Because the working fluid directly contacts the nozzle section, the heat from that working fluid often increases the temperature of the components in that nozzle section, causing them to expand. If the casing and the nozzle section are not sufficiently separated from one another, expansion of the nozzle section due to heating can cause rubbing with the casing, decreasing the turbomachine efficiency as well as reducing the lifespan of components in the turbomachine system.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTIONVarious embodiments include a heat transfer device, a turbomachine casing, and a related storage medium. In some cases, the device includes: a body having an outer surface and an inner cavity within the outer surface; at least one aperture extending through the body, the at least one aperture positioned to direct fluid from the inner cavity through the body to the outer surface; a first lip proximate a first end of the body, and a second lip proximate a second end of the body, the first lip and the second lip each extending radially outward from the outer surface relative to a direction of flow of the fluid through the inner cavity; and a plug coupled with the body, the plug for obstructing an end of the inner cavity, the plug positioned to redirect flow of the fluid from a first direction to a second, distinct direction.
A first aspect of the disclosure includes a device having: a body having an outer surface and an inner cavity within the outer surface; at least one aperture extending through the body, the at least one aperture positioned to direct fluid from the inner cavity through the body to the outer surface; a first lip proximate a first end of the body, and a second lip proximate a second end of the body, the first lip and the second lip each extending radially outward from the outer surface relative to a direction of flow of the fluid through the inner cavity; and a plug coupled with the body, the plug for obstructing an end of the inner cavity, the plug positioned to redirect flow of the fluid from a first direction to a second, distinct direction.
A second aspect of the disclosure includes a turbomachine casing including: an axial flow path, the axial flow path including a first portion and a second portion axially downstream of the first portion; a nozzle cavity fluidly coupled with the axial flow path; a passageway fluidly connecting the axial flow path and the nozzle cavity; and an impingement sleeve within the second portion of the axial flow path, the impingement sleeve including: a body having an outer surface and an inner cavity within the outer surface, wherein the inner cavity is fluidly coupled with the first portion of the axial flow path; at least one aperture extending through the body, the at least one aperture positioned to direct fluid from the inner cavity through the body to the outer surface; and a first lip proximate a first end of the body, the first lip extending radially outward from the outer surface and sealing the first portion of the axial flow path from the second portion of the axial flow path.
A third aspect of the disclosure includes a non-transitory computer readable storage medium storing code representative of an device, the device physically generated upon execution of the code by a computerized additive manufacturing system, the code including: code representing the device, the device including: a body having an outer surface and an inner cavity within the outer surface; at least one aperture extending through the body, the at least one aperture positioned to direct fluid from the inner cavity through the body to the outer surface; a first lip proximate a first end of the body, and a second lip proximate a second end of the body, the first lip and the second lip each extending radially outward from the outer surface relative to a direction of flow of the fluid through the inner cavity; and a plug coupled with the body, the plug for obstructing an end of the inner cavity, the plug positioned to redirect flow of the fluid from a first direction to a second, distinct direction.
Wherever possible, the same reference numbers will be used throughout the drawings to represent the same parts.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTIONProvided are a device (e.g., impingement sleeve) and casing (e.g., turbomachine casing) including such a device, for transferring heat within the casing. Embodiments of the present disclosure, for example, in comparison to concepts failing to include one or more of the features disclosed herein, may improve operation in a turbomachine (e.g., gas turbine or steam turbine), e.g., by increasing cooling efficiency, reducing cross flow, reducing cross flow degradation, reducing pressure loss, increasing backflow margins, providing increased heat transfer with reduced pressure drop, facilitating reuse of heat transfer fluid, facilitating series impingement cooling, increasing article life, facilitating use of increased system temperatures, increasing system efficiency, or a combination thereof.
As used herein, the terms “axial” and/or “axially” refer to the relative position/direction of objects along axis A, which is substantially parallel with the axis of rotation of the turbomachine (in particular, the rotor section). As further used herein, the terms “radial” and/or “radially” refer to the relative position/direction of objects along axis (r), which is substantially perpendicular with axis A and intersects axis A at only one location. Additionally, the terms “circumferential” and/or “circumferentially” refer to the relative position/direction of objects along a circumference which surrounds axis A but does not intersect the axis A at any location.
Referring to
Impingement sleeve 203 can include an elongated tube-shaped body 204 (
Additionally, in some embodiments, impingement sleeve 203 can include one or more fluid receiving features 209 formed in the outer surface 205 thereof. Fluid receiving features 209 can include, e.g., one or more slots, holes, troughs or passageways allowing for movement of fluid therethrough. In some cases, fluid receiving features 209 include a fluid directing feature, which directs flow of fluid (e.g., heat transfer fluid) away from apertures 207. Apertures 207 are configured to direct the heat transfer fluid from an inner cavity 211 within cylindrical impingement sleeve 203, to curved outer surface 205 of impingement sleeve 203, and subsequently, to the curved surface of turbomachine casing 101 to form fountain regions (which may, in some cases, be directed back into the fluid receiving features 209 in the cylindrical impingement sleeve 203). Inner cavity 211 can extend substantially entirely through the body of impingement sleeve 203 (along axial direction A, coinciding with the primary axis of the turbomachine in which casing 101 belongs, and primary axis of flow into the inlet 208 of inner cavity 211), and may terminate (dead-end) at a junction of the impingement sleeve 203 and adjacent plug 213.
In various embodiments, first lip 215 and second lip 219 include protrusions extending radially outward (relative to primary axis of fluid flow through inner cavity) from outer surface 205 of impingement sleeve 203. Within turbomachine casing 101, first lip 215 and second lip 219 can define a circumferential space 115 between outer surface 205 of impingement sleeve 203 and an inner surface 117 of second portion 103B of cavity 103 (
It is understood that various embodiments of impingement sleeve 203 need not include fluid receiving feature(s) 209 depicted in
According to various embodiments, with reference to
As shown and described herein, impingement sleeves 103, 403 can be implemented in casing 101 to enhance heat transfer in the casing 101 and decrease the differential temperature between casing 101 and nozzle section. In various embodiments, as illustrated in
Impingement sleeve 203, 403 (
To illustrate an example of an additive manufacturing process,
AM control system 904 is shown implemented on computer 930 as computer program code. To this extent, computer 930 is shown including a memory 932, a processor 934, an input/output (I/O) interface 936, and a bus 938. Further, computer 930 is shown in communication with an external I/O device/resource 940 and a storage system 942. In general, processor 934 executes computer program code, such as AM control system 904, that is stored in memory 932 and/or storage system 942 under instructions from code 920 representative of impingement sleeve 203, 403 (
Additive manufacturing processes begin with a non-transitory computer readable storage medium (e.g., memory 932, storage system 942, etc.) storing code 920 representative of impingement sleeve 203, 403 (
While the invention has been described with reference to one or more embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes may be made and equivalents may be substituted for elements thereof without departing from the scope of the invention. In addition, many modifications may be made to adapt a particular situation or material to the teachings of the invention without departing from the essential scope thereof. Therefore, it is intended that the invention not be limited to the particular embodiment disclosed as the best mode contemplated for carrying out this invention, but that the invention will include all embodiments falling within the scope of the appended claims. In addition, all numerical values identified in the detailed description shall be interpreted as though the precise and approximate values are both expressly identified.
Claims
1. A device comprising:
- a body having an outer surface and an inner cavity within the outer surface;
- at least one aperture extending through the body, the at least one aperture positioned to direct fluid from the inner cavity through the body to the outer surface;
- a first lip proximate a first end of the body and a second lip proximate a second end of the body, the first lip and the second lip each extending radially outward from the outer surface relative to a direction of flow of the fluid through the inner cavity; and
- a plug coupled with the body, the plug for obstructing an end of the inner cavity, the plug positioned to redirect flow of the fluid from a first direction to a second, distinct direction.
2. The device of claim 1, wherein the inner cavity includes an inlet proximate the first end of the body.
3. The device of claim 1, wherein the plug is coupled to the second end of the body.
4. The device of claim 3, wherein the second, distinct direction of fluid flow is off-set from the first direction of fluid flow by between approximately ninety degrees and approximately one-hundred-eighty degrees.
5. The device of claim 1, wherein the first lip includes a slot sized to accommodate a seal member.
6. The device of claim 1, wherein the at least one aperture includes a plurality of apertures.
7. The device of claim 6, wherein the plurality of apertures are disposed circumferentially about the body and include adjacent apertures disposed along the first direction of fluid flow.
8. The device of claim 1, further comprising:
- at least one fluid receiving feature formed in the outer surface of the body, the at least one fluid receiving feature arranged and disposed to receive post-impingement fluid from the at least one aperture,
- wherein the at least one aperture does not define any portion of the at least one fluid receiving feature.
9. The device of claim 8, wherein the at least one fluid receiving feature further comprises a fluid directing feature.
10. The device of claim 9, wherein the fluid directing feature directs the post-impingement fluid away from the at least one aperture.
11. A turbomachine casing comprising:
- an axial flow path, the axial flow path including a first portion and a second portion axially downstream of the first portion;
- a nozzle cavity fluidly coupled with the axial flow path;
- a passageway fluidly connecting the axial flow path and the nozzle cavity; and
- an impingement sleeve within the second portion of the axial flow path, the impingement sleeve including: a body having an outer surface and an inner cavity within the outer surface, wherein the inner cavity is fluidly coupled with the first portion of the axial flow path; at least one aperture extending through the body, the at least one aperture positioned to direct fluid from the inner cavity through the body to the outer surface; and a first lip proximate a first end of the body, the first lip extending radially outward from the outer surface and sealing the first portion of the axial flow path from the second portion of the axial flow path.
12. The turbomachine casing of claim 11, wherein the body and the first lip define a circumferential space between the outer surface of the body and an inner surface of the second portion of the axial flow path.
13. The turbomachine casing of claim 12, wherein the first lip includes a slot, and wherein the impingement sleeve further includes a seal member within the slot for fluidly sealing the circumferential space from the first portion of the axial flow path.
14. The turbomachine casing of claim 12, wherein the at least one aperture directs flow of the fluid from the inner cavity to the circumferential space.
15. The turbomachine casing of claim 14, wherein the first lip directs flow of the fluid in the circumferential space to the passageway fluidly coupled with the nozzle cavity.
16. The turbomachine casing of claim 14, wherein the impingement sleeve further includes:
- a second lip proximate a second end of the body, the second lip extending radially outward from the outer surface; and
- a plug coupled with the body, the plug for obstructing an end of the inner cavity, the plug positioned to redirect flow of the fluid from a first direction to a second, distinct direction.
17. The turbomachine casing of claim 16, wherein the plug is coupled to the second end of the body.
18. The turbomachine casing of claim 16, wherein the second, distinct direction of fluid flow is off-set from the first direction of fluid flow by between approximately ninety degrees and approximately one-hundred-eighty degrees.
19. The turbomachine casing of claim 11, wherein the inner cavity includes an inlet proximate the first end of the body, wherein the at least one aperture includes a plurality of apertures, wherein the plurality of apertures are disposed circumferentially about the body and include adjacent apertures disposed along the first direction of fluid flow.
20. A non-transitory computer readable storage medium storing code representative of a device, the device physically generated upon execution of the code by a computerized additive manufacturing system, the code comprising:
- code representing the device, the device including: a body having an outer surface and an inner cavity within the outer surface; at least one aperture extending through the body, the at least one aperture positioned to direct fluid from the inner cavity through the body to the outer surface; a first lip proximate a first end of the body, and a second lip proximate a second end of the body, the first lip and the second lip each extending radially outward from the outer surface relative to a direction of flow of the fluid through the inner cavity; and a plug coupled with the body, the plug for obstructing an end of the inner cavity, the plug positioned to redirect flow of the fluid from a first direction to a second, distinct direction.
Type: Application
Filed: Dec 5, 2016
Publication Date: Dec 7, 2017
Inventors: Robert Jamiolkowski (Zabki), Karol Filip Leszczynski (Henrykow Urocze), Wojciech Grzeszczak (Warszawa), James William Vehr (Easley, SC), Robert Jacek Zreda (Warszawa)
Application Number: 15/369,291