WEARABLE DEVICE FOR DELIVERING AIR
A personal entertainment respiratory apparatus provides air to a user to provide a fully immersive entertainment experience. The personal entertainment system may comprise a flow generator for providing the flow of air. A personal spatial respiratory interface may be coupled to the flow generator. The personal spatial respiratory interface may comprise an outlet for the flow generator. The personal spatial respiratory interface may further be configured to direct the flow of air within an ambient breathing proximity of a user. The personal entertainment respiratory apparatus may further comprise a controller and a sensory particle dispenser. The controller and sensory particle dispenser may be configured to selectively activate release of a sensory particle from the dispenser into the directed flow of air in response to an entertainment triggering signal.
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The present technology relates to one or more of respiratory influence such as for protection and/or for sensory stimulation. For example, the present technology may concern devices or apparatus, and their use in providing cleaned air. Also, the present technology relates to devices or apparatus, and their use in providing sensory stimulation.
2.1 BACKGROUND OF THE TECHNOLOGYAir, whether indoors or outdoors, may include particles which can be harmful or undesirable to the human body. These particles are seldom visible and may be breathed in by an individual without knowledge that the particles were even present. These particles may come in the form of gas, scents, bacteria, allergens, and viruses, amongst others. Such particles can cause injury, create respiratory disorders, cause general discomfort, and even trigger allergic reactions. Certain occupations may place individuals within environments which contain more harmful particles than others. While all individuals may inadvertently breathe in harmful particles, workers within these occupations with higher exposure to harmful particles may be more susceptible to the negative effects the particles can cause.
2.2 BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE TECHNOLOGYSome versions of the technology include an apparatus for providing cleaned air to a user. The apparatus may comprise a flow generator, the flow generator configured to generate a filtered flow of air. The apparatus may include a user flow interface (e.g. personal spatial respiratory interface) coupled to the flow generator. The personal spatial respiratory interface may comprise an outlet for the flow generator. The personal spatial respiratory interface may be configured to direct the flow of air within an ambient breathing proximity of a user.
In some cases, the apparatus may include an air inlet to the flow generator which includes a filter. The filter may be configured to remove particles from air drawn in through the inlet. The filter may be configured to remove volatile gas and odour from air drawn in through the inlet. The filter may further be configured to remove bacteria and virus from air drawn in through the inlet. The filter may be any one or more of a HEPA filter, an electret filter, an ionizer purifier, a thermodynamic sterilization filter, an activated carbon filter and a catalytic oxidation filter.
In some cases, the personal spatial respiratory interface may comprise a dispersed set of air outlets configured to produce the directed flow of air in an air curtain to separate the ambient breathing proximity of the user from uncleaned environmental air. The personal spatial respiratory interface may further comprise a set of air outlets configured to produce an air shield to separate the directed flow of air in the ambient breathing proximity of the user from uncleaned environmental air. The set of air outlets may comprise a laminarizing nozzle with a honey comb structure. Some versions of the personal spatial respiratory interface include an additional set of air outlets. The additional set of air outlets may produce one or more air curtains to separate the ambient breathing proximity of the user from uncleaned environmental air.
In some versions of the present technology, a personal spatial respiratory interface may comprise a fashion accessory such as a scarf, a shirt, a shirt collar, eye glasses, a visor, googles, a necklace, a hat, a headset, wristband, glove, etc. The personal spatial respiratory interface may comprise a plurality of outlets along a length of the user flow interface to direct the flow of air.
One form of the present technology comprises a personal spatial respiratory interface which provides air to a user without having facial contact. The personal spatial respiratory interface may provide air to a user without having head contact.
One form of the present technology comprises a flow generator which includes a pre-blower filter, blower and a post-blower filter. The blower may include a motor and an impeller. The flow generator may also include a multistage blower. The flow generator may be configured for battery operation. The flow generator may include a battery power source.
In some versions of the present technology, the apparatus may comprise a plurality of impellers in a parallel flow configuration or in a series flow configuration.
One form of the present technology comprises a controller and an aromatic dispenser. The controller may be configured to selectively activate release of an aromatic from the aromatic dispenser into a directed flow of air in response to an entertainment triggering signal. The controller may comprise a communications interface for receiving wirelessly, the entertainment triggering signal. The aromatic dispenser may be adapted to receive replaceable aromatic cartridges containing aromatics. The aromatic dispenser may be further configured to release different aromatics in response to different entertainment triggering signals. The aromatics may comprise smell and/or taste particles. The controller may be configured to generate an entertainment triggering signal for operation of an aromatic dispenser of the apparatus based on detected physiological data.
In some versions of the present technology, the apparatus may include a controller configured to set operation of one or more pollution filters of the apparatus. The apparatus may further and one or more air quality sensors coupled with the controller, the controller configured to set operation of the one or more pollution filters in response to a signal from the one or more air quality sensors.
In some versions of the present technology, the apparatus may comprise a controller. The controller may be configured with a location sensor to detect location of the apparatus and set operation of the one or more pollution filters of the apparatus based upon detection of the location. The controller may include a communications interface, and wherein the controller is configured to request and receive external weather or pollution data and set operation of the one or more pollution filters based on the received external weather or pollution data.
In some versions of the present technology, the apparatus may comprise a controller which may be self-configurable based on its detected environment. In this regard, the controller may be configured with one or more user sensors configured to detect physiological data of the user. The controller may be configured to set an operation of the apparatus based on a signal from the one or more sensors. The physiological data may include any one or more of heart rate data, perspiration data, temperature data, breath rate data, O2 saturation data and the one or more user sensors comprises any one or more of a heart rate sensor, moisture sensor, thermistor, flow sensor, oximeter respectively. The controller may include a communications interface to communicate the physiological data to an entertainment console.
In some versions of the present technology a controller may be configured to control operation of the flow generator. The apparatus may further comprise a communications interface to send and receive data with an external programmable mobile processing device.
In some cases the apparatus comprises a droplet generator, wherein a controller of the apparatus in configured to control the droplet generator to inject droplets into the directed flow of air. The controller may inject the droplets in response to an entertainment signal. The apparatus may receive the entertainment signal from an external entertainment console. The droplets may be water.
In some cases the apparatus comprises at least one heating or cooling element, wherein a controller of the apparatus in configured to change a temperature of the directed flow of air by setting operation of the heating or cooling element. The apparatus changes the temperature in response to an entertainment signal. The apparatus of receives the entertainment signal from an external entertainment console.
In some cases the apparatus may include one or more sensors configured to detect orientation of the personal spatial respiratory interface/or to detect wind direction and wind speed, wherein a controller of the apparatus is configured to adjust operation of the apparatus based on a signal from the sensors. The one or more sensors may include an anemometer to detect wind and accelerometer to detect personal spatial respiratory interface orientation. The apparatus may include a controller configured to control a change in operation of the flow generator based on the detected wind and/or orientation of the personal spatial respiratory interface. The change in operation may comprise any one of a change in flow direction and a change in flow velocity. The apparatus may be configured to determine an optimal air nozzle orientation and/or air flow velocity as a function of detected oncoming wind.
Some versions of the technology include an apparatus for providing air to a user. The apparatus may include a flow generator. The flow generator may be configured to generate a flow of air. The apparatus may further include a personal spatial respiratory interface coupled to the flow generator, the personal spatial respiratory interface comprising an outlet for the flow generator, the personal spatial respiratory interface configured to direct the flow of air within an ambient breathing proximity of a user. The apparatus may further include a controller and sensory particle dispenser. The controller and sensory particle dispense may be configured to selectively activate release of a sensory particle from the dispenser into the directed flow of air in response to an entertainment triggering signal.
Of course, portions of the aspects may form sub-aspects of the present technology. Also, various ones of the sub-aspects and/or aspects may be combined in various manners and also constitute additional aspects or sub-aspects of the present technology.
Other features of the technology will be apparent from consideration of the information contained in the following detailed description, abstract, drawings and claims.
The present technology is illustrated by way of example, and not by way of limitation, in the figures of the accompanying drawings, in which like reference numerals refer to similar elements including:
Before the present technology is described in further detail, it is to be understood that the technology is not limited to the particular examples described herein, which may vary. It is also to be understood that the terminology used in this disclosure is for the purpose of describing the particular examples discussed herein, and is not intended to be limiting.
4.1 OVERVIEWIn one form, the present technology is directed to providing air, such as cleaned air, to a user. Depending on a user's needs, certain apparatuses may be used to provide a flow of cleaned air. For example, a clean air system (CAS) 101 in
In some cases the technology may be implemented to provide a more immersive “fourth dimensional” (4D) entertainment experience. Such a system may provide sensory experiences beyond the visual and auditory senses. For example, the system may provide entertainment through the stimulation of smell, touch, or taste. Further, the system may provide changes in humidity and temperature to the user. An example entertainment system 102 in
In some examples, a system of the technology may employ filters 103 to filter particles from a flow of air prior to providing the flow of air to a user. A filter 103 may be capable of removing volatile gases as well as odours, bacteria, and viruses from the ambient air. The air which has been passed through the filter may then be provided to a user. The filters may come in the form of a cartridge which can easily be placed into and removed from the system. Different filters may provide different type of filtration depending on the needs of the user. For example, some filters may provide odour elimination while other cartridges provide bacteria removal. In some examples, multiple filters 103 may be utilized. For example, a pre-filter may be placed on the inlet of the flow generator 1603 and a primary filter at the outlet of the flow generator 1603.
In some embodiments, a user flow interface 104 is intended to deliver the air to the user by generation of an air curtain. The air curtain may divide the ambient environment into two separate environments, an inner environment and an outer environment. The inner environment may allow cleaned air or air with controlled sensory characteristics such as particles, scent, humidity, temperature, etc. to be delivered to the user's airways. Optionally, the user flow interface 104 of the CAS 101 may be hidden in an item of clothing (e.g. scarf or turtle neck sweater). Alternatively, it may be camouflaged to visually appear like a fashion accessory rather than a medical device. The user flow interface 104 can be implemented so as to avoid or eliminate contact with the face or head. Thus, there will typically be no seal formed against the user's face. Accordingly, the user flow interface 104 could then minimize interference with the user's line of sight (i.e., it may be out of the line of sight of the user), and not be noticeable by third parties.
Sensors may be located on or proximal to the user flow interface 104 or flow generator 1603 to sense the ambient environment, such as ambient wind conditions and the level of pollution. Further, the sensors may be able to measure health metrics such as heart rate and body temperature. The information read by the sensors may be logged in real-time and may be later recalled. These sensors may be contained in the same or different housing as the flow generator 1603. Like the user flow interface 104 of the CAS 101, sensors may be hidden in an item of clothing (e.g. scarf or turtle neck sweater). Alternatively, sensors may be camouflaged to visually appear like a fashion accessory rather than a medical device. The sensors should not make unnecessary contact with the face or head. Accordingly, the sensors should not limit the user's line of sight.
Information may be received from the sensors or from an online resource. Such information may be utilized to provide feedback to a user such as through a smart phone, online profile or other internet connected device. In one example, the system may consult the weather forecast or local air quality indicators to assess the intensity of filtration required for the day. Further, information received by the sensors may be utilized to cause the system to automatically adjust or provide a warning for a user to adjust certain parameters. For example, an anemometer and accelerometer may be used to cause the user flow interface 104 and/or flow generator 1603 to modify their operation in real-time by adjusting the directional angle of an air curtain or the air speed. The information recorded by the sensors may also be used to notify a user when a filter should be replaced. For example, a filter for removing odour may be in the system, but a filter for removing pollen may be recommended due to a high pollen reading. Accordingly the system may notify a user to swap filters.
In some embodiments of the technology, a sensory monitoring and stimulation unit 105 may be utilized. A sensory monitoring and stimulation unit 105 may include scent cartridges or other sensory cartridges for providing a physical effect carried by air to the user flow interface 104. These scent and sensory cartridges may be easily replaceable. Further, the cartridges may contain a variety of stimulants including projectable substances with different scents, textures, and temperatures. These projectable substances may be of any viscosity, air/moisture ratio, moisture content, or particle size.
The flow generator 1603 may be built as an affordable, portable unit. Accordingly, the flow generator 1603 may be small, lightweight, and battery powered. The flow generator 1603 may be worn or mounted to the user's body. It may also be attached to the user's belt or strap worn on the user's arm. In some embodiments of the technology the filter 103, sensors, sensory monitoring and stimulation unit 105, and flow generator 1603 can be contained in the same or different housing. An air delivery conduit 1604 may also connect the flow generator to the user flow interface 104 which may be housed within or outside of the housing.
In some examples, the flow generator 1603 may have wireless connectivity to upload/download data relating to usage, weather, and ambient conditions. Further, data from the flow generator 1603 may be recorded for quantifying self-functionality. The quantity of cleaned air breathed in by the user may be recorded and the remaining expected life for the filter cartridge/aromatic cartridge/sensory particle cartridge used may be recorded.
In some examples of the technology, a 4D entertainment system may be connected to any game consoles, such as Sony's Playstation, Microsoft's Xbox, or other media playback devices like Blu-Ray players or Smart TV's. Connection to these devices may be through wireless or wired connections. The 4D entertainment system may upload and/or download data to these devices.
4.2 FLOW GENERATOR 4.2.1 IntroductionClean air systems (CAS) and 4D entertainment systems may both create air curtains to provide air to a user. Air curtain systems typically require significantly higher air flow rates than those provided for positive airway pressure (PAP) therapy provided from a typical mask interface. A positive air pressure, relative to an ambient air pressure, may be maintained in the enclosure maintained by the air curtain to prevent ingress of air from outside of the enclosure. Typically such a positive pressure may be lower at the user's face than those achieved by PAP therapy, as a low positive pressure may be sufficient, whereas for PAP therapy the pressure must be sufficient to open a user's airways and maintain them in an open state.
Air flow provided by a system which creates an ‘air curtain’ may provide air at a high flow rate. Additionally, the required pressure across the blower (i.e. pressure gain from an inlet of the blower to an outlet of the blower) may be large. For example, as the blower may still need to overcome pressure losses within the system. For example, the air pressure may significantly drop between the outlet of the blower and the user's face, as the air flow travels through one or more of, filters 103, air delivery conduits 1604, user flow interfaces 104 and connectors there between. The differences in pressure between the outlet of the blower and the user's face may further vary according to a number of other parameters, including, but not limited to, the geometry of the pneumatic path (e.g. cross-sectional shape and area, length of path), the type of filters used, and the dimensions of the filters used.
As such, a flow generator 1603 which generates a high flow rate while creating a positive air pressure at a user's face is desirable. Accordingly, certain motors and blowers may be more suited for the task than others.
4.2.2 Motor-BlowerBlowers may be configured to have multiple stages in series. That is, having one blower stage configured to receive an air flow exiting another blower stage. By having such a configuration, the pressure of the air flow may be increased, but the same flow rate may be maintained. Examples of such blowers include those disclosed in PCT Patent Application WO2013020167 and WO199806449, which disclose blowers configured in two, three, four or more stage designs.
Blowers configured with multiple stages in series may be more suitable for PAP applications where the aim is to provide sufficient pressure to open a user's airways, such as by providing up to 30 cmH2O at the patient interface. Blowers typically comprise a motor to provide rotational motion, and a maximum rotational speed of the motor is often predetermined as a part of the design of the motor. Thus, to achieve a desired air pressure, additional blower stages may be introduced in series to increase the air pressure at the same rotational speed.
For an application where larger flow rates are desirable, a series blower arrangement may not be suitable. For example, an air curtain arrangement may be implemented with a flow rate exceeding typical, or maximum predicted flow rate of a PAP device, with a lower pressure characteristic as described below. Further, an air filtration system comprising a mask and vent (e.g. continuous vents or variably configured vents) may require higher flow rates as a user who is awake utilizes higher tidal volumes than a sleeping PAP user. A user's tidal volume may be even higher, if the user is performing a physical activity, such as moderate exercise (e.g. walking, bike riding, golfing). Also, a worker may require a higher tidal volume, and the worker may be working in a potentially polluted environment like a construction site. The pressure provided may be much lower within an air curtain arrangement, than those provided to a patient undergoing a PAP therapy. The pressure off an air-current arrangement need only provide filtered air at a positive relative pressure to the ambient to prevent air ingress, rather than a PAP device which needs to open one's airways through pneumatic pressures.
An example of a suitable blower for an air filtration application may be a blower with a plurality of stages in parallel and driven by a single shaft as shown in
In another example, the blower may comprise a mixing chamber downstream of the individual outlets as shown in
Another suitable example of a motor suitable for providing an air curtain may be a single-stage blower as shown in
As discussed above, motors with multiple blower stages may be used.
An axial blower, as shown in
Another example of a suitable blower may be one that comprises both a centrifugal stage and an axial stage, as shown in the
A rotor, which comprises a centrifugal stage at the top positioned towards an inlet, is shown in
The motors may be housed with a motor house.
Another example of a motor which may be used in an air curtain system may be a tesla blower. A tesla blower may have thin flat discs which may provide the blower with a slim profile. Accordingly, the blower may be easily concealed and can be unobtrusive. A tesla blower may operate without producing a tonal noise output, as a Tesla blower is blade-less.
4.2.2.1 Motor-Blowers for the Present TechnologyOne or more of the above blowers may be suitable for use with examples of the present technologies such as an air curtain device, an air filtration device with a patient interface or an entertainment air system.
The design and selection of an appropriate blower may vary according to the intended use and shape or size of the system. A blower may be increased or decreased in size to change an output flow and/or pressure. However, design of an appropriate blower configuration would allow design of a blower for the present technology which would present the least obtrusiveness to its user and maximising its operating time by minimising the power consumption. For example, a blower with too many stages in series may result in too large of a blower for practical use.
If a blower is located proximal to the point of delivery of the flow of air to the user, for example on a shoulder of the user, and the air delivery conduit is of a relatively large diameter, for example 19mm inner diameter, a blower capable of providing the desired flow rate at a low pressure may be sufficient. Such a blower may be a single-stage centrifugal blower or a multi-stage axial blower. However, if higher flow rates are desired, a centrifugal blower may comprise a plurality of blower stages connected in parallel.
In another example, a blower may be located distal to the point of delivery of the flow of air to the user, for example on a user's hip. If the blower is connected to a user flow interface by a narrow tube a blower will need to be capable of providing a high pressure. Accordingly a hybrid axial and centrifugal blower may be appropriate.
4.2.3 Air CurtainAn air curtain may be generated to divide the ambient environment into two separate environments, an inner and an outer environment. The inner environment substantially contains the air coming out of an air curtain system (e.g., user flow interface), while the outer environment contains air which has not gone through the air curtain system. A positive, or equivalent, air pressure, relative to an ambient air pressure, may be maintained in the inner environment maintained by the air curtain to prevent ingress of air from outside of the air curtain “enclosure”.
A schematic for an ‘air curtain’ system is shown in
In the system of
A proper flow angle may provide higher efficiency in providing air from an air curtain system. The flow rate of the air may have less impact than the flow angle in terms of increasing the percentage of air breathed in by a user of an air curtain system. Turning to
As can be seen in the scatterplot of
The supply of air from an air curtain system with an anterior offset of 50 mm is shown in
An air curtain system can be used to create a clean air system (CAS). The CAS may comprise multiple filters to remove particulates and gases from air prior to providing the filtered air to a user. The CAS may also be capable of removing volatile gases as well as odours, bacteria, and viruses from the ambient air. After filtering the air, the CAS may then provide the filtered air to a user through a user flow interface 104. The air provided may be in the form of at least one air curtain. In some examples, the CAS may communicate all data on a display. The CAS may have control functions directly on the housing. In other examples, the CAS may communicate all data to a smartphone or computer program and may also present the data through an online database. The CAS may also be controlled by a graphical user interface (GUI) displayed on a smartphone, tablet, computer, etc.
As shown in
The CAS may further comprise a controller, 3501, to control operation of the flow generator 1603, as shown in
In some embodiments the CAS may be configured to operate passively, without the need for a blower or controller. For example, as shown in
A regulator valve on the delivery system (not shown) may control the flow rate of the compressed air through the delivery conduit 3670 to the user interface 3680. Such a delivery system may be small, light, and quite in operation as no blower or controller may be necessary. In some embodiments the passive cartridge delivery system may be used to supplement an active CAS by providing increased airflow when required by a user. Further, the passive CAS may also be used as a backup to an active CAS. In this regard, the valve regulator may be automatically or manually opened in the event the active CAS becomes inoperable.
The cartridge 3620 may be filled with compressed, clean air by a recharging purifier base 3610. In this regard, the recharging purifier base 3610 may filter, compress, and optionally humidify and/or scent the air. The cartridge 3620 may be placed into a charging port 3630, within the recharging purifier base 3610. The charging port 3630 may open a valve 3625, such as a spring valve, on the cartridge 3620. The recharging purifier base 3610 may then inject the filtered, compressed, and optionally humidified air into the cartridge 3620 through the open valve 3625. Upon removing the cartridge 3620 from the charging port 3630, the valve 3625 may seal. The cartridge 3620 may store enough compressed air to operate for an hour, or more or less, until it needs to be recharged.
The recharging purifier base 3610 may compress the air by using an impeller blower. In this regard, the impeller blower may draw air in through port 3640, which may include an initial filter, to filter large particles from the air before the air passes the impeller blower. The impeller blower may then push air into the charged canister 3620, compressing the air as more air is pushed into the charged canister. In some embodiments straps 3650 and clips 3660 may be attached to the recharging purifier base to allow the base to be secured to a user or other object for portability. In this regard, the recharging purifier base may be powered via battery or a wired power source.
In some embodiments, the impeller blower may push the air past one or more heating elements, which may vaporize a liquid, such as water, thereby adding humidity to the air. In other embodiments, humidity can also be introduced to the system via a separate water wick cartridge within the recharging purifier base 3610.
In some embodiments the delivery system may include an antimicrobial material lining and/or antimicrobial packets to reduce any bacteria and/or odours which may develop within the device. Such antimicrobial material may include silver thread, merino wool, or bamboo charcoal to absorb bacteria and odours. Such material lining and/or packets may be removable, replaceable, and/or washable. An air curtain system may be designed as portable and compact so that it may be carried or worn. For example, a compact blower, as shown in
Turning to
As the air curtain system may be portable, it may be powered by battery power. Further, the unit should be capable of being hidden or camouflaged from view, so the user does not appear to be using a medical device. In some embodiments, the air curtain system may provide an air curtain while a user inhales, to minimize power usage.
The filters utilized to clean the air may come in the form of a cartridge which can easily be placed into and removed from the CAS. Different filters may provide different types of filtration depending on the needs of the user. For example, some filters may provide odour elimination while other cartridges provide bacteria removal. In some examples, multiple filters 103 may be utilized to increase filtering effectiveness and/or efficiency. As each filter provides filtration of different types of pollutants, multiple types of filters may be utilized at the same time. In some embodiments, the CAS may be self-configurable to automatically control the flow of the air through specific filters based on the particulates and/or volatiles which are in the user's environment. The filters may be easily replaced when they are not needed or they are no longer functioning properly. In some embodiments unrestricted filters which provide no, or very little impedance to airflow may be used.
One example filter type is a high-efficiency particulate air filter (HEPA Filter). To qualify as HEPA by US government standards, an air filter must remove 99.97% of 0.3 μm particles from the air that passes through the HEPA filter. A HEPA filter works by intercepting particle in the air as the air passes through the filter. As air passes through the HEPA filter, the particles in the air are impacted onto fibers and removed from the air.
Another example of a filter which can be utilized in a CAS is a polarized-media electret filter. Most polarized-media electronic air cleaners convert 24 volt current to safe DC voltage to establish a polarized electric field. As particles within the air pass through the electric field they become polarized. The polarized particles then adhere to a disposable fibre media pad.
An ionizer purifier is another type of filter which can be used in a CAS. Ionizer purifiers' use charged electrical surfaces or needles to generate electrically charged air or gas ions. These ions then attach to particles in the air as the air passes through the ionizer purifier. As the particles continue through the ionizer purifier, they are electrostatically attracted to a charged collector plate.
A thermodynamic sterilization filter may also be used. This technology may heat the air to around 200° C. (392° F.). As the air is heated the particles, such as bacteria, viruses, dust mite allergens, mould and fungus spores are incinerated. Possibly up to 99.9% of microbiological particles can be removed using a thermodynamic sterilization filter.
Activated carbon filters may also be used in a CAS. Activated carbon is a porous material that can adsorb volatile chemicals on a molecular basis. Activated carbon filters are usually used in compressed air and gas purification to remove oil vapours, odour, and other Volatile Organic Compounds from the air.
Electrostatic filters may also be used in a CAS. The electrostatic filter may work by sandwiching multiple layers of material together. The air may then be passed through these layers. As the air passes through the layers of material, particles in the air may be charged as a result of the friction between the particles and the filter layers. The charged particles may then attached to other layers within the filter which are of an opposite charge to the charged particles.
Photo catalytic oxidation filter systems are also possible to use in a CAS. Photo catalytic oxidation filter systems are able to completely oxidize and degrade organic contaminants. For example, volatile organic compounds with low concentrations, such as few hundred parts per million or less are the most likely to be completely oxidized. Photo catalytic oxidation filter systems use short-wave ultraviolet lights to energize the catalyst (usually titanium dioxide (TiO2)) and oxidize bacteria and viruses
Table 3, below, provides an overview of filter types and the types of pollutants they may effectively remove.
Clean air systems (CAS) may also contain sensors and wireless communications to monitor the system, the surrounding environment, and the user. Wireless communications can be in the form of GPS, Bluetooth, Wi-Fi, cellular data networks etc. Utilizing the sensors and information obtained through the wireless communication may allow the CAS to provide reactive protection based on the data received. The CAS may also monitor the health and environment of the user.
Reactive protection may be provided by the clean air system (CAS). For example, a CAS may continually monitor in real time for pollutants such as those listed in Table 3. If the CAS determines a pollutant is present the system may inform the user. The CAS may also use the information received from the sensors to provide warnings to a user. Such warnings may be generated by a smart pollution warning system implemented on the CAS. The smart pollution warning system may use readings from a pollution sensor, such as a PM 2.5 sensor, to project or display the current or historical readings of the sensor on the device in a visible or audible fashion. As such, the user, as well as other nearby bystanders may be informed of the pollution levels in their environment. In another example, the CAS may trigger warnings to indicate that the air temperature and pollutant content of a user's current location could trigger a health condition, such as an asthma attack. Further, the system may alert the user to increase filtering intensity or swap filter cartridges for more effective filtering of the detected pollutant.
Alternatively, the CAS may automatically adjust filtration based on the sensor readings. The clean air system may contain one or more air quality sensors coupled with a controller in a feedback loop. The controller can be configured to set operation of the one or more filters in response to a signal from the one or more air quality sensors. For example, if the air quality sensors sense a large amount of pollen, the controller may determine which type of filter is effective at removing pollen. As a HEPA filter is effective at removing pollen, the controller may cause the CAS to start filtering air through a HEPA filter. Alternatively, the controller may notify the user that the pollen count is high and that a HEPA filter should be used. The CAS may also alert a user that they have been in a polluted area for too long and that they should seek cleaner, less polluted areas.
The controller may also be configured with a location sensor, such as a GPS sensor and wireless communications (e.g. a Wi-Fi antenna and module) to access online databases and information. For example, the controller may use the GPS to detect the location of a user. Based on location data the controller may access a database of known pollutants in the area using wireless communications. After the controller determines the location and the pollutants in the area, the controller may set operation of one or more filters of the CAS to remove said pollutants from the supplied air. Alternatively, the controller may not set the operation of one or more filters, but instead inform the user to set operation of one or more filters.
The controller may also access daily and regional weather and air quality forecasts using the wireless communications. Based on the received weather and/or air quality data, the controller may set operation of one or more filters to protect the user from inhaling any harmful particles. Further, the controller may set an intensity level for filtration. Alternatively, the controller may not set the intensity or operation of one or more filters, but instead inform the user to set operation or intensity of one or more filters. The received weather and/or air quality data may be updated as a user changes locations.
Health and environment monitoring of the user may also be performed by the clean air system. For example, the controller may be coupled with one or more user sensors configured to detect physiological data of the user. Such data may be heart rate data, perspiration data, temperature data, breath rate data, O2 saturation data, etc. The sensors may be any one or more of a heart rate sensor, moisture sensor, thermistor, flow sensor, oximeter, etc. The physiological data from the sensors the data may be recorded and provided back to the user. Communication to the user may occur on the CAS or may be accessed through an online database on a computer or smartphone. Additionally, the physiological data may be communicated to an online database comprising a profile of the user. Accordingly, the user may access the database and review the information in their profile. Further, the feedback signals can be used to switch the CAS on and off if the user has fallen asleep or woken up, respectively. In some embodiments, the CAS is always on. In some embodiments the physiological data may be analysed to determine user illnesses. For example, user data captured while the user asleep may be analysed to determine sleep disorder breathing.
The CAS may also include an eye tracking sensor. The eye tracking sensor and a corresponding algorithm may be employed to monitor what a user is focusing on. The purpose of the eye tracking sensor is to locate the user's eyes which are facial landmarks to determine the direction of the user's head for adjustment of the nozzles. For example, if the user turns their head to look at something, the nozzle will adjust to maintain air direction alignment with the entrance of the user's airways.
Real-time pollution and location data from a network of similar systems can be collected and sent to a database. This collected information can be utilized to create a real-time pollution intensity map. The real-time pollution intensity can show what the pollution level is for a specific location. Further, the map may be used to alert other users of dangerous spots around them. The map may also help researchers understand pollution trends in certain areas.
A smart pollution navigation program may also be implemented on the CAS. For example, based on location and pollution data received from the sensors, the CAS may provide navigation data, similar to that of a traffic map, and give directions to users and/or travellers to avoid certain areas which have high pollution levels. In one example, the CAS may receive a destination from a user. The CAS may then direct the user with on screen or voice navigation to the destination, avoiding routes which would make the user travel through areas with high pollution levels. In some embodiments, the CAS may be connected to a user's smart phone, and the phone's GPS and navigation software may be used in conjunction with the CAS to provide directions to a user. In one embodiment the smart pollution navigation program may monitor a user's location, and provide them with a notification that they are nearing or within an area with high pollution. In another embodiment, when the location sensor identifies that the user is in an unfamiliar location, such as when travelling, it can bring up air pollution safety tips for the location and automatically sense the pollution content and concentration and adjust the filtering appropriately.
The real-time pollution monitoring may also be converted into an index within an online user profile. This index may inform the user of how much pollution they have been in and how much pollution they have avoided. Further, the index may be able to provide a user with knowledge of the different types of pollutants they were exposed to. Further, the index may inform the user the percentage of oxygen breathed in over a time period. A daily percentage of oxygen breathed in broken over hourly periods may be communicated to the user. Such information enables the user to see the effectiveness of protection the CAS offers.
The CAS may further include one or more sensors configured to detect orientation of a user flow interface and/or to detect wind direction and wind speed. For example the one or more sensors may include an anemometer to detect wind and an accelerometer to detect a user flow interface orientation. Based on the information from the anemometer and accelerometer a computer processor may be able to calculate the optimal air nozzle angle and/or position. Further, the computer processor may determine the best air flow strength to get the best ratio of cleaned air delivered to the user. The computer processor may be connected to a non-transient memory for storage of recorded data.
Based on the results calculated by the processor, the controller of the apparatus may adjust operation of the CAS. For example, based on the detected wind and/or orientation of the user flow interface the processor may determine a change in operation of the flow generator is necessary. Accordingly, the controller may cause the flow generator to change flow velocity. The processor may also determine that based on the wind and/or orientation of the user flow interface that the air nozzles within the user flow interface need to change position and/or change angles. Accordingly, the controller can cause the nozzles to adjust to get the best ratio of cleaned air to a user.
In some cases it may be difficult for a user to determine if the CAS is working as it should. Accordingly, the CAS can be configured to give feedback to the user about whether the CAS is working as it should. As shown in
In addition to, or as a replacement for the active Clean Air Systems described herein, a passive filter may be introduced to the system. For example, as shown in
The Clean Air System can be implemented as an integrated and connected system. In this regard, the CAS may mimic the connectivity of a fitness band or smart watch type device. As such, in addition to the providing clean air to the user, the CAS may be programmed to act like an extension of a smart phone. For example, the processor of the CAS may be programmed to communicate with a user's smart phone through a communications interface. The communications interface may be configured to receive and send signals from and to the smart phone through wired and wireless connections. Bluetooth, Wi-Fi, RF, cellular data networks, radio waves, etc., are example forms of wireless communications which can be used between the CAS and the smart phone.
Once a connection is established between the CAS and smart phone, a user may be able to send and receive SMS and MMS messages, as well as send and receive cellular phone calls. For example, the CAS may include a microphone(s), speaker(s), and/or headphone(s) where the user may communicate as if using a telephone. The CAS may also be programmed to recognize voice commands and to have camera capabilities, should a camera be installed within the CAS. As an integrated and connected system, the CAS device will be carried and/or worn by users most of the time, therefore increasing the likelihood the device is used, resulting in improved user health.
Air being directed to the nose and mouth of a user while they are speaking may distort the user's speech, dry the user's mouth, or otherwise make it uncomfortable to talk. To avoid such distortion and discomfort the CAS may include a speak mode. Speak mode may be implemented with the use of speech recognition software. The speech recognition software may enable the device to sense when the user is speaking and, in response, decrease or cease the supply of air to the mouth and nose while the user continues to speak. In some embodiments the speech software may automatically open up an exhaust valve, if present on the CAS, when the system detects a user is speaking.
The Clean Air System may also include other integrated intelligent health systems and features. For example, the CAS may include additional tracking capabilities to monitor usage and provide feedback to the user based on the usage of the CAS. Monitoring may be implemented through the use of sensors, such as pollution sensors, temperature sensors, physiological sensors, etc. The sensors may monitor the presence and concentration of pollution, such as those found in Table 3, at one or more locations. The CAS may also track the where and when the CAS was in operation. The monitored and tracked data may be stored in memory within the CAS system, or uploaded to a cloud based, or local, storage system.
The CAS may use the monitored information to provide feedback to the user. For example, based on the data collected the CAS may determine when and where the device was most beneficial, the number of hours the CAS was used, the amount of pollution removed from the user's breathing path (in grams, etc.,) filter efficiencies (i.e., how much particles and gases are being removed from the user's breaths), etc. The monitored and tracked data may be presented to a user in the form of graphs and charts containing the tracked measurements on a display of the CAS, or on a display of another device, such as a personal computer or smartphone. The monitored and tracked data may also be converted into an index within an online user profile. This index may be accessible by a user on the device or via another computing device, such as a smart phone or personal computer with a connection to the online profile.
The CAS may also include an exercise mode. The exercise mode may be activated manually by a user or automatically by the CAS. To automatically activate exercise mode the CAS may use data acquired from a collection of sensors, such as humidity data, air temperature data, flow data, and CO2 concentration data. Once the received data indicates signs of exercise, such as an increase in relative humidity on exhalation breath, an increased minute ventilation, an increased exhale air temperature, etc., the device may automatically switch to exercise mode. Once in exercise mode the CAS, depending on its configuration, may activate an active exhaust valve. The exhaust valve may pull the user's exhaled air away. As exercise can also lead to an increased amount of CO2, build up within interfaces which partially cover the user's mouth and/or nose may occur. Therefore, alternatively, or in addition to the active exhaust valve, an activated carbon filter can be introduced in exercise mode to decrease the CO2 concentration. Further, while in exercise mode, the blower of the CAS may turn on or increase its output.
In some embodiments a cooling system can also be added to the CAS to cool down the inhaled air. Cooling system could be an additional valve with a blower and filter drawing cooler air from the environment. Alternatively, or in addition to the drawing cooler air from the environment, the CAS may include a Peltier chip which cools the air as it passes by the chip. The cooling system may be automatically started when the CAS switches to exercise mode, or manually activated by a user.
To assist users in reaching fitness goals, and to encourage use of the device, the CAS may provide breathing and/or usage targets. In this regard, the CAS may provide daily, monthly, yearly, etc., goals for a user of the device to strive for. For example, the CAS may provide a daily goal to use the device for two hours, or more or less. In another example, the device may direct a user to breathe at a target breathing rate for fifteen minutes, or more or less. Breathing and usage targets provide a feature which may be used to monitor respiratory health progress of the user (e.g., improvements in resting breathing rates.) The fitness goals, as well as progress towards these goals, may be included in an index within an online user profile. This index may be accessible by the user on the device or via another computing device, such as a smart phone or personal computer with a connection to the online profile. The fitness goals may be updated directly on the CAS or through accessing the user's online profile.
The CAS may also encourage proper or improved breathing by including an integrated inspiratory muscle training valve (IIMTV). In this regard, the CAS may activate the IIMTV when breathing training is requested. The IIMTV may require the user to reach a certain amount of inspiratory pressure prior to opening and allowing an inhalation of air by the user. In this embodiment, the CAS may be a sealed interface. Alternatively, the CAS may be an open interface and oxygen levels may be decreased to around 15% by increasing the percentage of other gas molecules such as nitrogen or carbon-dioxide, or lowering the air pressure so there are fewer air molecules per unit volume breathed in.
The CAS may further include one or more sensors configured to detect unintentional leaks in the system. For example, when a headgear such as a facemask is used to deliver air to a user, a seal should be maintained between the user and the mask for the device to maintain full effectiveness. When a sensor, such as a flow sensor, detects a leak between the mask and the user the device may inform the user that the mask should be tightened or replaced. Alternatively, the CAS may automatically trigger a tightening of a headgear through actuators in or mounted to the headgear when a leak is detected in an attempt to seal any leaks.
When first wearing a mask or other such flow interface, it may be difficult to get enough clean air into the mask because of the impedance present in the system. As such, a smart clean air ramp algorithm may be used by the controller. In this regard, the controller may be programmed to provide a maximum clean air flow to the flow interface, and then slowly ramp down the clean air flow once the user is comfortable with the level of clean air. A benefit of the configuration is that energy may be conserved as the blower does not operate at full speed for an extended period of time.
To further improve comfort for a user, an expiratory active valve (EAV) may be used to reduce the amount of CO2 built up at a mask or other flow interface. In this regard, an EAV may be triggered to open upon the detection of a user exhaling. As such, the exhaled air will exit the clean air system, thereby removing the CO2 immediately from the CAS, and reducing the stuffiness felt by the user. In some embodiments, the CAS may trigger the EAV to open when the CO2 level at the user's mask is above a predetermined threshold value.
The integrated and connected CAS system may also sync with other integrated and connected CAS systems. By syncing multiple CAS systems together, users may monitor the usage of other user's devices within the synced group of devices. In this regard, each device may be assigned to a group, such as a group of family members, a group of friends, a group of colleagues, etc. Each CAS which is which is synced to a group may monitor the usage history of the other synced devices within the group. The usage history data which may be monitored may include the number of hours the device was used, breathing and/or usage targets, fitness targets, progress to achieving targets, exercise history, and other such information collected from sensors on the CASs.
In some embodiments the users of each device may be assigned an access level such as administrator, high, and base levels. Administrators may be able to control all of the features between synced CAS systems. As such, administrators may be able to control which devices may be added or removed from a synced group and the access levels of the users in the group. Administrators may also control what information users are able to share and/or monitor. For example, administrators may provide full access to monitor the shared information to users assigned to a high level, while limiting the data a base user may view and/or share. In one example, a group may include five family members including two parents and three children. Both parents may be given administrator level access, an older child may be given a high access level and the two younger children may be given a base access level. As such, the parents may monitor and control all of their children's usage. The older sibling, with a high access level, may be able to select what information he wishes to share and may monitor his two younger sibling's devices. The two younger siblings with base level access may only be able to view their own personal information and be blocked from viewing the other users in the family group.
In some embodiments where the CAS includes headphones or hands free talk devices, the microphone and headphone set can act as walkie talkie devices and connect with other clean air systems in proximity. Conversations may be enabled between all CAS devices within range or to only those assigned to certain synced groups, such as a synced group of family members.
In some embodiments the CAS may perform baby monitoring functions. For example, a CAS may be attached to a crib or placed in proximity to a baby. The information gathered by the sensors on the CAS monitoring the baby may be forwarded to a caretaker or uploaded to a storage location, such as a cloud storage location. The caretaker's CAS device may display the forwarded information, or the forwarded information may be accessed from the cloud storage with another computing device.
A clean space server may aggregate information and provide information to the CAS devices. For example, as shown in
The CSS may be comprised of one or more servers. The servers may be connected to one or more networks, such as a local area network (LAN) or the internet. The CSS may aggregate and store information from a variety of sources connected via the one or more networks. The information received from the variety of sources may include date, time, and news updates 3904, weather updates from weather services 3906, location information from GPS 1908 devices (which may be integrated into CAS devices), sensor measurements 3910 from CAS devices or from other sensors, CAS information from peer CAS devices 3912 and 3914 (i.e., member's CAS devices synced to a group).
From the variety of sources the CSS 3902 may from automatically adjust the parameters on specific CAS devices to match the weather conditions as shown in block 3916, provide weather updates or calculate pollution prediction and forecast as shown in block 3918, and provide health progress and feedback as shown in block 3920.
In one embodiment the CSS 3902 may use information received from the date, time, and news updates 3904, the weather service 3906, GPS 3908, and sensor measurements to adjust the operation of a CAS device. In this regard, based on received GPS signal 3908 and sensor measurements 3910 from the CAS device, the CSS may analyse the weather data received from weather service 3906 for a specific time and date received from the date, news, and time updates 3904 source. The CSS 3902 may then determine which parameters on the CAS should be adjusted to provide protection to the user based on the received information. In one example, the CSS 3902 may use the GPS of the CAS to detect the location of a user. Based on location data the CSS may access a database of known pollutants in the area at a certain time through the weather service 3906 or news updates 3904. After the CSS determines the location, time, and the pollutants in the area, the CSS may set operation of one or more filters of the CAS to remove said pollutants from the supplied air. Alternatively, the CSS may not set the operation of one or more filters, but instead inform the user to set operation of one or more filters.
The CSS may also access daily and regional weather and air quality forecasts using the weather service 3906. Based on the received weather and/or air quality data, the CSS may set operation of one or more filters to protect the user from inhaling any harmful particles. Further, the CSS may set an intensity level for filtration. Alternatively, the CSS may not set the intensity or operation of one or more filters, but instead inform the user to set operation or intensity of one or more filters. The received weather and/or air quality data may be updated as a user changes locations.
4.4 SENSORY ENTERTAINMENT TECHNOLOGIESAn air curtain system or other user flow interface can be implemented in an entertainment system to provide further sensory feedback to a user. Such an entertainment system may include some or all of the functionality as described in the air flow system, with our without air cleaning. However, the entertainment system may also include the controls to stimulate smell, touch, and/or taste senses, such as via the provided/generated air flow.
As shown in
The entertainment system may be able to connect to/communicate with various multimedia systems, such as televisions, DVD players, game/entertainment consoles, etc. through a communications interface. The communications interface is configured to receive entertainment signals from the multimedia systems through wired and wireless connection. Bluetooth, Wi-Fi, RF, cellular data networks, radio waves, etc., are example forms of wireless communications which can be used between the entertainment system and the multimedia systems.
The multimedia systems may be programmed to provide signals to the flow entertainment system. The entertainment medium being provided by the multimedia system, such as a movie, TV show, or video game, the user is using may have the 4D stimulation triggers programmed at different stages of the medium. These signals may be an indication of when to trigger the stimulation by the entertainment system. Such signals may also indicate the amount of stimulation and what type of stimulation should be provided. The signals are received by the controller and the controller may cause the entertainment system to provide the stimulation indicated within the signals such as by control of the flow generator and/or additional sensory feedback (e.g., smell, taste, tactile).
For example, while the user is watching a cooking show, a signal from the medium may be sent to the multimedia system. The multimedia system may then indicate to the entertainment system to release a strawberry scent from the additional sensory particle dispenser 1502, which corresponds to a strawberry being shown on the TV. In some embodiments, the release of a sensory particle into the air may result in the user tasting the sensory particle. For example, the entertainment system may release a sensory particle related to a strawberry which, when breathed in by a user, causes the user to smell a strawberry scent and taste a strawberry flavour. In another example, as a user is playing a video game the video game may indicate that the multimedia system should send a stimulation trigger to the entertainment system. The stimulation trigger may cause the entertainment system to release a smoke smell corresponding to a bomb which may have just exploded on screen from the additional sensory particle dispenser 1502.
The flow entertainment system can also use bio-feedback to trigger the stimulation. As described in regard to the CAS, above, such data may be heart rate data, perspiration data, temperature data, breath rate data, O2 saturation data, etc. The sensors being used may be any one or more of a heart rate sensor, moisture sensor, thermistor, flow sensor, oximeter, etc. The 4D entertainment system may also include an eye tracking sensor. The eye tracking sensor may be on a user flow interface or may be a separate device. The eye tracking sensor and a corresponding algorithm running on a process may be employed to monitor what a user is looking at and focusing on
Using the information received from the sensors, the flow entertainment system may be able to trigger stimulation or relaxing effects on a user. For example, a user who is watching a TV show may be starting to fall asleep. The eye tracking sensor may send a signal to the flow entertainment system that the user is falling asleep. In response to the received signal, the flow entertainment system may also provide a sleep enabler, such as releasing a lavender scent to calm the user and assist them in falling asleep easier. Continuing with this example, the eye tracking sensor may sense that a user has fallen asleep. Accordingly, the eye tracking sensor may send a signal to the flow entertainment system indicating that the flow entertainment system should be switched off or placed in standby power mode as the user is no longer using it. When the user wakes up, the eye tracking sensor may send a signal to the flow entertainment system to turn back on.
The controller of the flow entertainment system may also communicate the physiological data to a multimedia system. Accordingly, a user may be able to access their physiological data through the multimedia system. Further, the multimedia system may be able to utilize the physiological data to determine whether to send a flow stimulation trigger. For example, if a user's heart rate is rising while watching a horror movie, the multimedia system may send a stimulation trigger to the flow entertainment system indicating the heat of provided air should be raised to induce sweat.
The additional sensory particle dispenser 1502 may include an aromatic dispenser. The aromatic dispenser may be configured to selectively activate the release of aromatics from the aromatic dispenser into the cleaned air in response to a stimulation trigger being received by the flow entertainment system. The aromatic dispenser may house many small replaceable reservoirs or cartridges which hold perfumes. The perfumes may comprise smell and/or taste particles. These reservoirs or cartridges may be easily removed and replaced as new aromatics are needed or when the reservoirs or cartridges are depleted.
The aromatic dispenser may typically include electrical or mechanical mechanisms such as a pump or a thermo trigger to release the perfumes in small doses. The aromatic dispenser may release specific perfumes based on received stimulation triggers. For example a scene in a movie may include a scene where a character walks past a hotdog cart in the rain. The movie medium may contain an indication decoded by the multimedia system and sent as an entertainment trigger to the flow entertainment system. The entertainment trigger may cause the pumps or triggers with the aromatic dispenser to release a hotdog scent along with a rain scent. By allowing the user to smell what they are seeing they can be more immersed in the movie. In some embodiments, the flow entertainment system may blow the perfumes at a user's mouth and/or lips such that the user can taste the taste particles within the perfume.
The additional sensory particle dispenser 1502 may also include a droplet generator. A droplet generator may be used to inject droplets of liquid, such as water, into the cleaned air 1501 in response to a stimulation trigger being received by the flow entertainment system. The liquid droplets may be used to raise the humidity of the air being delivered to the user. For example, a scene in a movie may include a scene where a character is walking in the rain. The movie medium may send an indication to the multimedia system to send an entertainment trigger to the flow entertainment system. The entertainment trigger may cause the droplet generator to release droplets of water into the air signal raising the humidity and moisture of the air being sent to the user. The user may even then feel an imitation of the rain they are viewing in the movie. The droplet generator may house many small replaceable reservoirs or cartridges which hold one or more different liquids. The liquids may include smell and/or taste particles. These reservoirs or cartridges may be easily removed and replaced as new liquids are needed or when the reservoirs or cartridges are empty or depleted. In some embodiments the additional sensory particle dispenser 1502 may include an ultrasonic transducer, which may atomise droplets of liquid. The atomised droplets of liquid may then be released into the air signal.
The additional sensory particle dispenser 1502 may optionally include at least one heating or cooling element. The heating or cooling element may be used to change a temperature of the directed flow of air by having the directed flow of air pass by the heating or cooling element which is set to a specific temperature. The heating or cooling element may be used in response to an entertainment stimulation trigger being received by the flow entertainment system. For example, a video about arid deserts may carry a 4D signal indicating an air temperature of 40 degrees Celsius should be simulated and provided to the user. In another example, a video about Antarctica may carry a 4D signal indicating an air temperature of −20 degrees Celsius should be simulated and provided to the user. In a further example, the entertainment trigger may cause the droplet generator to release droplets of water into the air raising the humidity and moisture of the air, while at the same time decreasing or increasing the temperature of the air, to create a dreary atmosphere or humid atmosphere, respectively. The air may be directed towards the user's body, such as their chest, neck, face, etc., to increase the sensations.
When the additional sensory particle dispenser senses that cartridges or reservoirs of perfumes or liquids are empty, an indication may be sent to the user. The indication may appear on the 4D entertainment system, on the multimedia system, and/or within the user's online profile.
In addition to utilizing the additional sensory particle dispenser 1502 in response to entertainment/stimulation triggers, the flow entertainment system may control changes to the flow rate of the flow generator. Further, the flow entertainment system may adjust flow direction and location of the flow. For example, if a user is playing a video game and they are flying in an open helicopter, the flow entertainment system may receive an entertainment/stimulation trigger from the video game system. In response to receiving the stimulation trigger, the entertainment system may adjust the flow rate generated by the flow generator to a higher flow. Additionally, adjustable nozzles on a user flow interface may be mechanically aimed (e.g., with one or more electro-mechanical actuators) more directly at the user's face to simulate being in or near the helicopter, and to simulate the wind direction by selectively emitting flow from a combination of nozzles. Similarly, the flow entertainment system may be used in simulators, such as driving or flight simulators, to provide airflow at certain speeds based upon the speed of travel in the simulator. Further, the flow entertainment system may release certain scents based on the action within the simulators, such as the smell of burning rubber when tires spin on a car in the driving simulator. In other embodiments, the flow entertainment system may be used to mimic screenshots moving quickly in a multimedia medium, such as a movie or videogame. For example, as screenshots of a car driving are displayed, the entertainment system may output a flow of air to user to mimic the movement. Such flow output may be coupled with other multimedia signals, such as surround sound.
4.5 USER FLOW INTERFACES (UI)Various personal spatial respiratory interfaces (e.g., user flow interfaces) may be implemented in the system to direct air to the user. The user flow interface may allow cleaned air and/or air with sensory characteristics such as particles, scent, humidity, temperature, etc. to be delivered to the user's nose and/or mouth. The user flow interface 104 of an air curtain system, such as a clean air system 101 or flow entertainment system 102 may be hidden in or concealed by an item of clothing (e.g. scarf or turtle neck sweater). Alternatively, it may be camouflaged to visually appear like a fashion accessory rather than a medical device. The user flow interface 104 should not make unnecessary contact with the face or head, nor should it seal against the face. Accordingly, the user flow interface 104 should not limit the user's line of sight. Also, the user flow interface 104 should not be visually and/or acoustically detectable by third parties. By providing user flow interfaces in different forms, the interfaces may be emotionally unobtrusive, and therefore more acceptable for use in society.
A possible user flow interface 104 is shown in
As the air 1605 flows out of the holes 1602, it may create an air curtain 1606 to the side of the nares and around the mouth of a user. The Coanda effect may assist in directing the air against the user's skin and therefore into the nares or mouth when a breath is taken. As such, when a breath is taken by the user, air from the air curtain 1606 may be directed into the user's nares, as shown by arrow 1608. As the air is being delivered underneath the eyes, no irritation of the user's eyes is caused by the air curtain 1606. While glasses are shown in
A headset may also be used as a user flow interface 104 for the delivery of air to the user may be achieved by channelling air 1605 from the flow generator 1603 into headset 1701 worn on the head of a user. The air may be carried through an air delivery conduit 1604 from the flow generator 1603 to a dispenser 1704 located at the end of the headset. The dispenser 1704 may release the air and create an air curtain in front of the user's mouth and/or nose. The headset may be worn over the head with the headgear or attached just on the ear with an earcup 1706. The direction of the air delivered may be below the x plane so the air is not directed into the eyes. Further, the headset may be placed in a horizontal plane across the nose so to not block vision of the user. The headset may be used for interactive video games, phone calls, or other activities normally performed with a headset while still delivering air. In some embodiments the flow generator 1603 may be positioned within the earcup 1706, with or without audio components. In this regard, the headset 1701 may be configured to appear as a working headset, but only operate as a flow interface.
In certain embodiments of a user flow interface, the air delivery nozzles may be angled into each other in pairs.
An exhaust may be utilized to remove air from around the user's nose and mouth. As shown in
A goose neck tube which sits off the face and around the neck and shoulders of a user, as shown in
The mouth and nose region may be the target area of the user flow interfaces.
A hidden user flow interface which may be attached to clothing is shown in
The air curtain 1606 from the hidden user flow interface 2201 may be directed up and away from a user's face as shown in
A user flow interface 104 may be in the form of a scarf. In
A user flow interface 104 may be in the form of a strap or straps 2601 which can be worn across the top of the chest or anywhere below the waist as shown in
As shown in
The dual interface 4004, as shown in
The user interface may be in the form of a nose clip 4100, as shown in
The nose clip 4100 may include a connection tube 4140 for connecting the nose clip to a conduit 4160 which may deliver clean air from a flow generator. A connector 4150 may be used to join the connection tube 4140 to the conduit 4160. The nose clip 4100 and connection tube 4140 may be manufactured from lightweight, low density, clear material. For example, the nose clip 4100 and connection tube 4140 may be manufactured from a lightweight plastic material which may assist in reducing the inertia and momentum of the device when the user in moving, such as when the user is exercising Likewise, the conduit may also be manufactured from a material which is rigid enough to hold its shape, but soft enough to follow the movements of the user's body. The nose clip 4100 and connection tube 4140 may be separable, thereby enabling either piece to be replaced and/or replenished. In another embodiment, the connector 4150, connection tube 4140, nose clip 4100, rigid rings 4110, nozzles 412, and filter 4130 are consumable items intended to be replenished and replaced.
The user interface may be in the form of a mouth guard, as shown in
A user flow interface 104 may be in the form of a sport band. As shown in
A user flow interface 104 may be in the form of a sliding mask. As shown in
For interfaces suitable for the entertainment field, the user flow interface (e.g. an entertainment interface) may be taken away from the head and face. Most entertainment devices and consoles require a controller. The user flow interface can be embedded into this controller and the extra sensory elements added within. Further, the user flow interface 104 may be a glove 2701. Air 2702 may be released from the glove 2701. The air may include scents and small particulates as described above. The scents and small particulates may be distributed from inbuilt smell cartridges within the glove.
Entertainment interfaces may come in the form of clothing as well. For example, as shown in
The user flow interface 104 may be configured as a mock e-cigarette. In this regard, the mock e-cigarette may mimic the appearance and operation of an actual e-cigarette. For example, a passive filter and/or flow generator may be placed within the mock e-cigarette. When a user of the user inhales on the mock e-cigarette, instead of delivering smoke, the mock e-cigarette may deliver cleaned air from the flow generator.
The user flow interfaces may include nozzles for dispensing the air. These nozzles may include 2 air outputs as shown in
A portion of the disclosure of this patent document contains material which is subject to copyright protection. The copyright owner has no objection to the facsimile reproduction by anyone of the patent document or the patent disclosure, as it appears in the Patent and Trademark Office patent file or records, but otherwise reserves all copyright rights whatsoever.
Unless the context clearly dictates otherwise and where a range of values is provided, it is understood that each intervening value, to the tenth of the unit of the lower limit, between the upper and lower limit of that range, and any other stated or intervening value in that stated range is encompassed within the technology. The upper and lower limits of these intervening ranges, which may be independently included in the intervening ranges, are also encompassed within the technology, subject to any specifically excluded limit in the stated range. Where the stated range includes one or both of the limits, ranges excluding either or both of those included limits are also included in the technology.
Furthermore, where a value or values are stated herein as being implemented as part of the technology, it is understood that such values may be approximated, unless otherwise stated, and such values may be utilized to any suitable significant digit to the extent that a practical technical implementation may permit or require it.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this technology belongs. Although any methods and materials similar or equivalent to those described herein can also be used in the practice or testing of the present technology, a limited number of the exemplary methods and materials are described herein.
When a particular material is identified as being preferably used to construct a component, obvious alternative materials with similar properties may be used as a substitute. Furthermore, unless specified to the contrary, any and all components herein described are understood to be capable of being manufactured and, as such, may be manufactured together or separately.
It must be noted that as used herein and in the appended claims, the singular forms “a”, “an”, and “the” include their plural equivalents, unless the context clearly dictates otherwise.
All publications mentioned herein are incorporated by reference to disclose and describe the methods and/or materials which are the subject of those publications. The publications discussed herein are provided solely for their disclosure prior to the filing date of the present application. Nothing herein is to be construed as an admission that the present technology is not entitled to antedate such publication by virtue of prior invention. Further, the dates of publication provided may be different from the actual publication dates, which may need to be independently confirmed.
Moreover, in interpreting the disclosure, all terms should be interpreted in the broadest reasonable manner consistent with the context. In particular, the terms “comprises” and “comprising” should be interpreted as referring to elements, components, or steps in a non-exclusive manner, indicating that the referenced elements, components, or steps may be present, or utilized, or combined with other elements, components, or steps that are not expressly referenced.
The subject headings used in the detailed description are included only for the ease of reference of the reader and should not be used to limit the subject matter found throughout the disclosure or the claims. The subject headings should not be used in construing the scope of the claims or the claim limitations.
Although the technology herein has been described with reference to particular embodiments, it is to be understood that these embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and applications of the technology. In some instances, the terminology and symbols may imply specific details that are not required to practice the technology. For example, although the terms “first” and “second” may be used, unless otherwise specified, they are not intended to indicate any order but may be utilised to distinguish between distinct elements. Furthermore, although process steps in the methodologies may be described or illustrated in an order, such an ordering is not required. Those skilled in the art will recognize that such ordering may be modified and/or aspects thereof may be conducted concurrently or even synchronously.
It is therefore to be understood that numerous modifications may be made to the illustrative embodiments and that other arrangements may be devised without departing from the spirit and scope of the technology.
Claims
1. A personal portable respiratory apparatus to provide cleaned air to a user, the apparatus comprising:
- a flow generator, the flow generator configured to generate a filtered or conditioned flow of air; and
- a personal spatial respiratory interface coupled to the flow generator, the personal spatial respiratory interface comprising an outlet for the flow generator, the personal spatial respiratory interface configured to direct the flow of air within an ambient breathing proximity of a user.
2. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein an air inlet to the flow generator comprises a filter, the filter being configured to remove particles from air drawn in through the inlet.
3. The apparatus of any one of claims 2 wherein the filter is configured to remove volatile gas and odor from air drawn in through the inlet.
4. The apparatus of any one of claims 2-3 wherein the filter is configured to remove bacteria and virus from air drawn in through the inlet.
5. The apparatus of any one of claims 2-4 wherein the filter comprises any one or more of a HEPA filter, an electret filter, an ionizer purifier, a thermodynamic sterilization filter, an activated carbon filter and a catalytic oxidation filter.
6. The apparatus of any one of claims 1-5 wherein the personal spatial respiratory interface comprises a dispersed set of air outlets configured to produce the directed flow of air in an air curtain to separate the ambient breathing proximity of the user from uncleaned environmental air.
7. The apparatus of any one of claims 1-6 wherein the personal spatial respiratory interface comprises a further set of air outlets configured to produce an air shield to separate the directed flow of air in the ambient breathing proximity of the user from uncleaned environmental air.
8. The apparatus of claim 7 wherein the further set of air outlets comprises a laminarizing nozzle.
9. The apparatus of claim 8 wherein the laminarizing nozzle comprises a honey comb structure.
10. The apparatus of any one of claims 1-9 further comprising an additional set of air outlets, the additional set of air outlets to produce one or more air curtains to separate the ambient breathing proximity of the user from uncleaned environmental air.
11. The apparatus of any one of claims 1-10 wherein personal spatial respiratory interface comprises a fashion accessory.
12. The apparatus of claim 11 wherein the fashion accessory comprises a scarf.
13. The apparatus of claim 11 wherein the fashion accessory comprises a shirt.
14. The apparatus of claim 11 wherein the fashion accessory comprises a shirt collar.
15. The apparatus of claim 11 wherein the fashion accessory comprises eyeglasses, a visor or goggles.
16. The apparatus of claim 11 wherein the fashion accessory comprises a necklace.
17. The apparatus of claim 16 wherein the necklace comprises a plurality of outlets along a length of the necklace to direct the flow of air.
18. The apparatus of claim 11 wherein the fashion accessory comprises a hat.
19. The apparatus of claim 18 wherein a brim of the hat comprises one or more air outlets coupled to the flow generator.
20. The apparatus of any one of claims 1-10 wherein the personal spatial respiratory interface comprises a headset.
21. The apparatus of any one of claims 1-10 wherein the personal spatial respiratory interface comprises a headset boom.
22. The apparatus of any one of claims 1-10 wherein the personal spatial respiratory interface comprises an under-a-collar flexible attachment.
23. The apparatus of any one of claims 1-10 wherein personal portable respiratory apparatus comprises a hydration backpack.
24. The apparatus of any one of claims 1-10 wherein personal portable respiratory apparatus comprises a nose clip.
25. The apparatus of any one of claims 1-10 wherein personal portable respiratory apparatus comprises a mouth guard.
26. The apparatus of any one of claims 1-10 wherein personal portable respiratory apparatus comprises a sport band.
27. The apparatus of any one of claims 1-10 wherein personal portable respiratory apparatus comprises a sliding mask.
28. The apparatus of any one of claims 1-17 and 23-27 wherein the apparatus is wearable.
29. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the personal spatial respiratory interface comprises a position-able goose neck tube.
30. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the personal spatial respiratory interface comprises a wristband and/or glove.
31. The apparatus of any one of claims 1-10, 12, 16-20 and 21-23, and 26 wherein cleaned air is provided to a user without facial contact apparatus.
32. The apparatus of any one of claims 1-6, 8, 12 and 17-23 wherein cleaned air is provided to a user without head contact apparatus.
33. The apparatus of any one of claims 1-32 wherein the flow generator comprises a pre-blower filter, blower and a post-blower filter.
34. The apparatus of claim 33 wherein the blower comprises a motor and an impeller.
35. The apparatus of any one of claims 1-33 wherein the flow generator comprises a motor and an impeller.
36. The apparatus of claim 35 wherein the flow generator is configured for battery operation and the flow generator further comprises a battery power source.
37. The apparatus of any one of claims 1-36 wherein the flow generator comprises a multi-stage blower.
38. The apparatus of claim 37 wherein the flow generator comprises a plurality of impellers in a parallel flow configuration.
39. The apparatus of claim 37 wherein the flow generator comprises a plurality of impellers in a series flow configuration.
40. The apparatus of any one of claims 37-38 wherein a rotor of the blower comprises a centrifugal stage and one or more axial stages.
41. The apparatus of any one of claims 1-40 further comprising a controller and an aromatic dispenser, the controller configured to selectively activate release of an aromatic from the aromatic dispenser into the directed flow of air in response to an entertainment triggering signal.
42. The apparatus of claim 41 wherein the controller comprises a communications interface for receiving the entertainment triggering signal.
43. The apparatus of claim 42 wherein the communications interface is adapted to receive the entertainment signal wirelessly from an entertainment console.
44. The apparatus of any one of claims 41-43 wherein the aromatic dispenser is adapted to receive replaceable aromatic cartridges containing aromatics.
45. The apparatus of any one of claims 41-44 wherein the apparatus is configured to release different aromatics in response to different entertainment triggering signals.
46. The apparatus of any one of claims 41-44 wherein the aromatic comprises smell and/or taste particles.
47. The apparatus of any one of claims 1-46 further comprising a controller configured to set operation of one or more pollution filters of the apparatus.
48. The apparatus of claim 47 further comprising one or more air quality sensors coupled with the controller, the controller configured to set operation of the one or more pollution filters in response to a signal from the one or more air quality sensors.
49. The apparatus of any one of claims 47-48 wherein the controller is configured with a location sensor to detect location of the apparatus and set operation of the one or more pollution filters of the apparatus based upon detection of the location.
50. The apparatus of any one of claims 47-49 wherein the controller includes a communications interface, and wherein the controller is configured to request and receive external weather or pollution data and set operation of the one or more pollution filters based on the received external weather or pollution data.
51. The apparatus of any one of claims 1-50 further comprising a controller coupled with one or more user sensors configured to detect physiological data of the user, the controller configured to set an operation of the apparatus based on a signal from the one or more sensors.
52. The apparatus of claim 51 wherein the controller is configured to generate an entertainment triggering signal for operation of an aromatic dispenser of the apparatus based on detected physiological data.
53. The apparatus of any one of claims 51-52 wherein the physiological data includes any one or more of heart rate data, perspiration data, temperature data, breath rate data, O2 saturation data and the one or more user sensors comprises any one or more of a heart rate sensor, moisture sensor, thermistor, flow sensor, oximeter respectively.
54. The apparatus of any one of claims 52-53 wherein a controller includes a communications interface to communicate the physiological data to an entertainment console.
55. The apparatus of any one of claims 1-54 further comprising a controller configured to control operation of the flow generator.
56. The apparatus of any one of claims 1-55 further comprising a communications interface to send and receive data with an external programmable mobile processing device.
57. The apparatus of any one of claims 1-56 further comprising a droplet generator, wherein a controller of the apparatus in configured to control the droplet generator to inject droplets into the directed flow of air.
58. The apparatus of claim 57 wherein the controller injects the droplets in response to an entertainment signal.
59. The apparatus of claim 58 wherein the controller receives the entertainment signal from an external entertainment console.
60. The apparatus of any one of claims 57-59 wherein the droplets are liquid water.
61. The apparatus of any one of claims 1-60 further comprising at least one heating or cooling element, wherein a controller of the apparatus in configured to change a temperature of the directed flow of air by setting operation of the heating or cooling element.
62. The apparatus of claim 61 wherein the controller changes the temperature in response to an entertainment signal.
63. The apparatus of claim 62 wherein the controller receives the entertainment signal from an external entertainment console.
64. The apparatus of any one of claims 1-63 further comprising one or more sensors configured to detect orientation of the personal spatial respiratory interface/or to detect wind direction, wherein a controller of the apparatus is configured to adjust operation of the apparatus based on a signal from the sensors.
65. The apparatus of claim 64 wherein the one or more sensors includes an anemometer to detect wind or an accelerometer to detect personal spatial respiratory interface orientation.
66. The apparatus of any one of claims 64-65 wherein a controller of the apparatus is configured to control a change in operation of the flow generator based on the detected wind and/or orientation of the personal spatial respiratory interface.
67. The apparatus of claim 66 wherein the change in operation comprises any one of a change in flow direction and a change in flow velocity.
68. The apparatus of claim 67 wherein a processor of the controller is configured to determine an optimal air nozzle orientation and/or air flow velocity as a function of detected oncoming wind.
69. The apparatus of any one of claims 1-68 wherein the flow generator is less than 10 mm in width.
70. A personal entertainment respiratory apparatus to provide air containing sensory particles to a user, the apparatus comprising:
- a flow generator, the flow generator configured to generate a flow of air;
- a personal spatial respiratory interface coupled to the flow generator, the personal spatial respiratory interface comprising an outlet for the flow generator, the personal spatial respiratory interface configured to direct the flow of air within an ambient breathing proximity of a user;
- a controller; and
- a sensory particle dispenser,
- wherein the controller is configured to selectively activate release of a sensory particle from the sensory particle dispenser into the directed flow of air in response to an entertainment triggering signal.
71. The apparatus of claim 70 wherein the controller comprises a communications interface, the communications interface coupleable with an entertainment console.
72. The apparatus of claim 71 wherein the communications interface comprises a wireless communications interface and the triggering signal comprises a wireless signal received from the entertainment console.
73. The apparatus of any one of claims 70-72 wherein the entertainment triggering signal is synchronized with any one of an event of a video game of an entertainment console or an event of a video.
74. The apparatus of any one of claims 70-73 wherein the sensory particle dispenser comprises an aromatic dispenser.
75. The apparatus of any one of claims 70-74 wherein the sensory particle dispenser comprises a droplet dispenser.
76. The apparatus of any one of claims 70-75 wherein the sensory particle dispenser is adapted to receive replaceable aromatic and/or droplet cartridges.
77. The apparatus of any one of claims 70-76 wherein the controller is configured control the sensory particle dispenser to release different sensory particles in response to different entertainment triggering signals.
78. The apparatus of any one of claims 70-77 wherein the controller is further configured to control changes to the flow rate of the flow generator in response to an entertainment signal.
79. The apparatus of any one of claims 70-78 further comprising one or more user sensors configured to detect physiological data of the user, wherein the controller is configured to set an operation of the apparatus based on a signal from the one or more sensors.
80. The apparatus of claim 79 wherein the controller is configured to generate an entertainment triggering signal for operation of the sensory particle dispenser of the apparatus based on detected physiological data.
81. The apparatus of any one of claims 79-80 wherein the physiological data includes any one or more of heart rate data, perspiration data, temperature data, breath rate data, O2 saturation data and the one or more user sensors comprises any one or more of a heart rate sensor, moisture sensor, thermistor, flow sensor, oximeter respectively.
82. The apparatus of any one of claims 70-81 wherein the controller is configured to communicate the physiological data to an entertainment console.
83. The apparatus of any one of claims 70-82 further comprising a heating element, and wherein the controller is configured to control the heating element to set a temperature of the directed flow of air in response to an entertainment signal.
84. The apparatus of claim 83 wherein the entertainment signal is received by the controller from an entertainment console.
Type: Application
Filed: Dec 4, 2015
Publication Date: Dec 21, 2017
Patent Grant number: 11679287
Applicant: ResMed Limited (Bella Vista)
Inventors: Tzu-chin Yu (Sydney), Emma Anne Connell (Sydney), David Creusot (Sydney), Donald Darkin (Dural), Barton John Kenyon (Sydney), Paul Jan Klasek (Sydney), Andrew Sims (Sydney), Quangang Yang (Sydney), Philip Rodney Kwok (Bella Vista)
Application Number: 15/529,653
