ACOUSTIC DAMPING SYSTEM FOR A COMBUSTOR OF A GAS TURBINE ENGINE
An acoustically dampened gas turbine engine (10) having a gas turbine engine combustor (12) with an acoustic damping resonator system (10) is disclosed. The acoustic damping resonator system (10) may be formed from one or more resonators (16) formed from a resonator housing (18) positioned within the gas turbine engine combustor (12) at an outer housing (20) forming a combustor basket (22) and extending circumferentially within the combustor (12). In at least one embodiment, the resonator housing (18) may include one or more resonator chambers (24) that provide enhanced cooling with reduced risk of cracking and other damage. The resonator housing (18) may include resonator exhaust orifices (26) that are positioned closer to an area of maximum temperature within the combustor (12), thereby enabling the resonator (16) to reduce the temperature gradient within the combustor (12). The resonator housing (18) may be sized and configured to reduce stress found in conventional systems by increasing distances between resonator exhaust orifices (26) and between resonator inlet impingement orifices (30), among others.
The present invention relates in general to gas turbine engines and, more particularly, to acoustic damping systems for damping dynamics in combustors in gas turbine engines.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTIONGas turbine engines typically include a plurality of combustor baskets positioned downstream from a compressor and upstream from a turbine assembly. During operation, longitudinal mode dynamics often occurs in the combustor baskets. The longitudinal mode dynamics usually originates at the inlet of the air flow path in a combustor basket and travels downstream to the turbine inlet. The dynamics restrict the tuning flexibility of the gas turbine engine in order to operate at lower emissions, which is an ever increasing requirement for newer gas turbines.
Resonators have been incorporated into combustors to damp the longitudinal mode dynamics. The resonators have been sized and configured to address specific acoustic tunes. Resonators with various configurations have been employed. Typically, the resonators are positioned within the combustors in the area of highest heat release to be most effective. It is in this position where the resonators are exposed to significant temperatures and thermal gradients. Early configurations including welding resonators directly to the combustor, but often failed due to formation of cracks caused by residual stress, leading to high repair costs. Other solutions have been used with limited success because of cracking and significant repair costs. Thus, a need exists for a more efficient, less costly solution to damp longitudinal mode dynamics.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTIONAn acoustically dampened gas turbine engine having a gas turbine engine combustor with an acoustic damping resonator system is disclosed. The acoustic damping resonator system may be formed from one or more resonators formed from a resonator housing positioned within the gas turbine engine combustor at an outer housing forming a combustor basket and extending circumferentially within the combustor. In at least one embodiment, the resonator housing may include one or more resonator chambers that provide enhanced cooling with reduced risk of cracking and other damage. The resonator housing may include resonator exhaust orifices that are positioned closer to an area of maximum temperature within the combustor, thereby enabling the resonator to reduce the temperature gradient within the combustor. The resonator housing may be sized and configured to reduce stress found in conventional systems by increasing distances between resonator exhaust orifices and between resonator inlet impingement orifices, among others.
In at least one embodiment, the acoustic damping resonator system for a combustor of a turbine engine may include one or more resonator housings defining one or more inner channels with an inner surface and an outer surface on an opposite side of the resonator housing from the inner surface. The acoustic damping resonator system may include one or more resonator chambers extending radially outward from the resonator housing. The resonator chamber may include one or more resonator inlet impingement orifices in an outer wall of the resonator chamber and one or more resonator exhaust orifices extending through the resonator housing. The resonator exhaust orifice extending through the resonator housing may be offset axially upstream to place the resonator exhaust orifice closer to an area of maximum temperature within the combustor.
The resonator exhaust orifice may include a plurality of resonator exhaust orifices that are positioned closer to an upstream wall of the resonator chamber than a downstream wall of the resonator chamber. The plurality of resonator exhaust orifices may be separated from each other a distance equal to at least one and one half times a diameter of a smallest diameter of the plurality of resonator exhaust orifices. In another embodiment, the plurality of resonator exhaust orifices may be separated from each other a distance equal to at least two times a diameter of a smallest diameter of the plurality of resonator exhaust orifices. The plurality of resonator exhaust orifices may be collected into a pattern of an inverted triangle with a point of the triangle pointed downstream. In another embodiment, the plurality of resonator exhaust orifices are collected into a pattern of a rectangle.
The resonator inlet impingement orifice may include a plurality of resonator inlet impingement orifices that are offset from the plurality of resonator exhaust orifices such that one or more of the plurality of resonator inlet impingement orifices are radially aligned with the resonator housing in which the plurality of resonator exhaust orifices are positioned such that cooling fluids flowing into the resonator chamber impinge on the resonator housing. The plurality of resonator inlet impingement orifices may form half as many rows as rows formed by the plurality of resonator exhaust orifices. The rows formed by the plurality of resonator inlet impingement orifices may extend circumferentially and may be aligned radially between rows of the plurality of resonator exhaust orifices beginning with a first upstream row of resonator exhaust orifices and moving downstream. The plurality of resonator inlet impingement orifices may form a first row that has one fewer orifices than a first row of resonator exhaust orifices. The plurality of resonator inlet impingement orifices may form a second row downstream from the first row of resonator inlet impingement orifices, whereby the second row of resonator inlet impingement orifices may have two fewer orifices than a second row of resonator exhaust orifices. The second row of inlet impingement orifices may skip a position in a middle of the second row of resonator exhaust orifices.
The plurality of inlet impingement orifices may be separated from each other a distance equal to at least one and one half times a diameter of a smallest diameter of the plurality of inlet impingement orifices. The plurality of inlet impingement orifices may be separated from each other a distance equal to at least two times a diameter of a smallest diameter of the plurality of inlet impingement orifices. A ratio of distance between the outer wall of the resonator chamber and the resonator housing and a diameter of the resonator inlet impingement orifice may be between about seven and about four. The outer wall may be sized in thickness such that a ratio of a length of the at least one resonator inlet impingement orifice extending radially inward to a diameter of the at least one resonator inlet impingement orifice is greater than one. In another embodiment, an acoustic damping resonator system for a combustor of a turbine engine may include one or more resonator housings defining at least one inner channel with an inner surface and an outer surface on an opposite side of the resonator housing from the inner surface. The an acoustic damping resonator system may include one or more resonator chambers extending radially outward from the resonator housing, whereby the resonator chamber includes at least one resonator inlet impingement orifice in an outer wall of the resonator chamber and resonator exhaust orifice extending through the resonator housing.
The acoustic damping resonator system may include a ratio of distance between the outer wall of the resonator chamber and the resonator housing to a diameter of the resonator inlet impingement orifice between about seven and about four. As such, the footprint of the resonator chamber is expanded. A maximum internal resonator dimension extending linearly within the at least one resonator chamber may be increased less than 12 percent while a footprint of the resonator chamber has been enlarged by between 40 percent and 100 percent relative to a resonator chamber having a ratio of greater than eight of a distance between the outer wall of a resonator chamber and a resonator housing to a diameter of a resonator inlet impingement orifice.
The acoustic damping resonator system may include resonator chambers having numerous different shapes configured to prevent a maximum internal resonator dimension extending linearly within the resonator chamber from being enlarged beyond a point at which the resonator chamber has a target cutoff frequency that is greater than an actual damping frequency. In at least one embodiment, a cross-sectional shape of outer sidewalls forming the resonator chamber forms a modified parallelogram in which a longest diagonal direction has been reduced via truncated intersections. The truncated intersections of the modified parallelogram may be formed with a first corner side at a first intersection and a second corner side at a second intersection, whereby the first corner side may extend between first and second sidewalls forming the modified parallelogram and wherein the second corner side may extend between third and fourth sidewalls forming the modified parallelogram. In another embodiment, a cross-sectional shape of outer sidewalls forming the resonator chamber may form a modified triangle in which at least two corners have been truncated with corner sides. In yet another embodiment, each corner of the modified triangle may have been truncated with at least one corner side such that a first corner side may extend between first and second sidewalls, a second corner side may extend between second and third sidewalls and a third corner side may extend between first and third sidewalls.
In another embodiment, a cross-sectional shape of outer sidewalls forming the resonator chamber may form a modified rectangle in which at least two corners have been truncated with corner sides. At least two corners of the modified rectangle may have been truncated with at least one corner side. Each corner of the modified rectangle may have been truncated with at least one corner side such that a first corner side may extend between first and second sidewalls, a second corner side may extend between second and third sidewalls, a third corner side may extend between third and fourth sidewalls and a fourth corner side may extend between first and fourth sidewalls. In at least one embodiment, at least one corner on at least one sidewall forming the resonator chamber may be curved.
These and other advantages and objects will become apparent upon review of the detailed description of the invention set forth below.
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form a part of the specification, illustrate embodiments of the presently disclosed invention and, together with the description, disclose the principles of the invention.
As shown in
In at least one embodiment, the acoustic damping resonator system 14 for a combustor 12 of a turbine engine 10 may include one or more resonator housings 18. The resonator housing 18 may extend for a portion of or entire around a combustor 12, as shown in
The acoustic damping resonator system 14 may include one or more resonator chambers 24 extending radially outward from the resonator housing 18. The resonator chamber 24 may have any appropriate shape. In at least one embodiment, as shown in
In at least one embodiment, as shown in
As shown in
In another embodiment, as shown in
In at least one embodiment, the plurality of inlet impingement orifices 30 may be separated from each other a distance equal to at least one and one half times a diameter of a smallest diameter of the plurality of inlet impingement orifices 30. In another embodiment, the plurality of inlet impingement orifices 30 may be separated from each other a distance equal to at least two times a diameter of a smallest diameter of the plurality of inlet impingement orifices 30.
In at least one embodiment, as shown in
The outer wall 38 of the resonator chamber 24 may be configured to enhance the flow of cooling fluids through the resonator inlet impingement orifices 30 and enhance the impingement of cooling fluids on the resonator housing 18 within the resonator chamber 24. In at least one embodiment, as shown in
In at least one embodiment, as shown in
The acoustic damping resonator system 14 may include resonator chambers 24 having numerous different shapes configured to prevent a maximum internal resonator dimension 60 extending linearly within the resonator chamber 24 from being enlarged beyond a point at which the resonator chamber 24 has a target cutoff frequency that is greater than an actual damping frequency. In at least one embodiment, a cross-sectional shape of outer sidewalls 40 forming the resonator chamber 24 may form a modified parallelogram 66, as shown in
In another embodiment, as shown in
In yet another embodiment, as shown in
As shown in
The foregoing is provided for purposes of illustrating, explaining, and describing embodiments of this invention. Modifications and adaptations to these embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art and may be made without departing from the scope or spirit of this invention or the following claims.
Claims
1-16. (canceled)
17. An acoustic damping resonator system for a combustor of a turbine engine, comprising:
- at least one resonator housing defining at least one inner channel with an inner surface and an outer surface on an opposite side of the at least one resonator housing from the inner sur-face;
- at least one resonator chamber extending radially outward from the at least one resonator housing, wherein the at least one resonator chamber includes at least one resonator inlet impingement orifice in an outer wall of the at least one resonator chamber and at least one resonator exhaust orifice extending through the at least one resonator housing; and
- wherein a ratio of distance between the outer wall of the at least one resonator chamber and the at least one resonator housing to a diameter of the at least one resonator inlet impingement orifice is between about seven and about four.
18. The acoustic damping resonator system of claim 17, wherein a maximum internal resonator dimension extending linearly within the at least one resonator chamber is increased less than 12 percent while a footprint of the at least one resonator chamber has been enlarged by between 40 percent and 100 percent relative to a resonator chamber having a ratio of greater than eight of a distance between the outer wall of a resonator chamber and a resonator housing to a diameter of a resonator inlet impingement orifice.
19. The acoustic damping resonator system of claim 18, wherein a cross-sectional shape of outer sidewalls forming the at least one resonator chamber forms a modified parallelogram in which a longest diagonal direction has been reduced via truncated intersections.
20. The acoustic damping resonator system of claim 18, wherein the truncated intersections of the modified parallelogram are formed with a first corner side at a first intersection and a second corner side at a second intersection, wherein the first corner side extends between first and second sidewalls forming the modified parallelogram and wherein the second corner side extends between third and fourth sidewalls forming the modified parallelogram.
21. The acoustic damping resonator system of claim 18, wherein a cross-sectional shape of outer sidewalls forming the at least one resonator chamber forms a modified triangle in which at least two corners have been truncated with corner sides.
22. The acoustic damping resonator system of claim 21, wherein each corner of the modified triangle has been truncated with at least one corner side such that a first corner side extends between first and second sidewalls, a second corner side extends between second and third sidewalls and a third corner side extends between first and third sidewalls.
23. The acoustic damping resonator system of claim 18, wherein a cross-sectional shape of outer sidewalls forming the at least one resonator chamber forms a modified rectangle in which at least two corners have been truncated with corner sides.
24. The acoustic damping resonator system of claim 23, wherein at least two corners of the modified rectangle have been truncated with at least one corner side.
25. The acoustic damping resonator system of claim 24, wherein each corner of the modified rectangle have been truncated with at least one corner side such that a first corner side extends between first and second sidewalls, a second corner side extends between second and third sidewalls, a third corner side extends between third and fourth sidewalls and a fourth corner side extends between first and fourth sidewalls.
26. The acoustic damping resonator system of claim 18, wherein at least one corner on at least one sidewall forming the at least one resonator chamber is curved.
27. The acoustic damping resonator system of claim 17,
- wherein the at least one resonator exhaust orifice extending through the at least one resonator housing is offset axially upstream to place the at least one resonator exhaust orifice closer to an area of maximum temperature within the combustor;
- wherein the at least one resonator exhaust orifice comprises a plurality of resonator exhaust orifices that are positioned closer to an upstream wall of the at least one resonator chamber than a downstream wall of the at least one resonator chamber;
- wherein the at least one resonator inlet impingement orifice comprises a plurality of resonator inlet impingement orifices that are offset from the plurality of resonator exhaust orifices such that at least one of the plurality of resonator inlet impingement orifices is radially aligned with the at least one resonator housing in which the plurality of resonator exhaust orifices are positioned such that cooling fluids flowing into the at least one resonator chamber impinge on the at least one resonator housing.
28. The acoustic damping resonator system of claim 27, wherein the plurality of resonator exhaust orifices are separated from each other a distance equal to at least one and one half times a diameter of a smallest diameter of the plurality of resonator exhaust orifices.
29. The acoustic damping resonator system of claim 27, wherein the plurality of resonator inlet impingement orifices form half as many rows as rows formed by the plurality of resonator exhaust orifices, and wherein the rows formed by the plurality of resonator inlet impingement orifices extend circumferentially and are aligned radially between rows of the plurality of resonator exhaust orifices beginning with a first upstream row of resonator exhaust orifices and moving downstream.
30. The acoustic damping resonator system of claim 29, wherein the plurality of resonator inlet impingement orifices form a first row that has one fewer orifices than a first row of resonator exhaust orifices and wherein the plurality of resonator inlet impingement orifices form a second row downstream from the first row of resonator inlet impingement orifices, whereby the second row of resonator inlet impingement orifices has two fewer orifices than a second row of resonator exhaust orifices.
31. The acoustic damping resonator system of claim 27, wherein the plurality of inlet impingement orifices are separated from each other a distance equal to at least one and one half times a diameter of a smallest diameter of the plurality of inlet impingement orifices.
32. The acoustic damping resonator system of claim 27, wherein the outer wall is sized in thickness such that a ratio of a length of the at least one resonator inlet impingement orifice extending radially inward to a diameter of the at least one resonator inlet impingement orifice is greater than one.
33. An acoustic damping resonator system for a combustor of a turbine engine, comprising:
- at least one resonator housing defining at least one inner channel with an inner surface and an outer surface on an opposite side of the at least one resonator housing from the inner surface;
- at least one resonator chamber extending radially outward from the at least one resonator housing, wherein the at least one resonator chamber includes at least one resonator inlet impingement orifice in an outer wall of the at least one resonator chamber and at least one resonator exhaust orifice extending through the at least one resonator housing;
- wherein a ratio of distance between the outer wall of the at least one resonator chamber and the at least one resonator housing to a diameter of the at least one resonator inlet impingement orifice is between about seven and about four;
- wherein a maximum internal resonator dimension extending linearly within the at least one resonator chamber is increased less than 12 percent while a footprint of the at least one resonator chamber has been enlarged by between 40 percent and 100 percent relative to a resonator chamber having a ratio of greater than eight of a distance between the outer wall of a resonator chamber and a resonator housing to a diameter of a resonator inlet impingement orifice;
- wherein the at least one resonator exhaust orifice comprises a plurality of resonator exhaust orifices that are positioned closer to an upstream wall of the at least one resonator chamber than a downstream wall of the at least one resonator chamber; and
- wherein the at least one resonator inlet impingement orifice comprises a plurality of resonator inlet impingement orifices that are offset from the plurality of resonator exhaust orifices such that at least one of the plurality of resonator inlet impingement orifices is radially aligned with the at least one resonator housing in which the plurality of resonator exhaust orifices are positioned such that cooling fluids flowing into the at least one resonator chamber impinge on the at least one resonator housing.
34. The acoustic damping resonator system of claim 33, wherein a cross-sectional shape of outer sidewalls forming the at least one resonator chamber forms a modified parallelogram in which a longest diagonal direction has been reduced via truncated intersections.
35. The acoustic damping resonator system of claim 33, wherein a cross-sectional shape of outer sidewalls forming the at least one resonator chamber forms a modified triangle in which at least two corners have been truncated with corner sides.
36. The acoustic damping resonator system of claim 33, wherein a cross-sectional shape of outer sidewalls forming the at least one resonator chamber forms a modified rectangle in which at least two corners have been truncated with corner sides.
Type: Application
Filed: Sep 5, 2014
Publication Date: Aug 9, 2018
Inventors: Matthias Hase (Mülheim), Sachin Terdalkar (Oviedo, FL), Rajesh Rajaram (Winter Park, FL)
Application Number: 15/506,404