Module-Driven Smartwatch
The present disclosure provides several embodiments of a module-driven smartwatch. A leading aspect of a module-driven smartwatch is that it automatically reconfigures its user interface and experience based on the modules that are attached to it. In one embodiment, the module-driven smartwatch comprises a frontend processing unit powered by a primary battery and mainly configured for time-keeping and user-interfacing, a backend processing unit mainly configured for providing conventional “smartwatch”-like capabilities, and a module connector. In this embodiment, the backend processing unit's operation is contingent on power provided by a module connected to the module connector. In another embodiment, the module-driven smartwatch is much the same as a conventional smartwatch, except for its user interface and experience being driven by module attachment, operation and removal. In all cases, a module-driven smartwatch enables hardware extensibility and/or substitution without requiring smartwatch replacement.
This application claims priority to U.S. Application No. 62/581,773, titled “Module-Driven Smartwatch”, filed on Nov. 5, 2017, the entire contents of which are herein incorporated by reference.
FIELD OF APPLICATIONThe present disclosure relates generally to electronic devices and, more particularly, to what is commonly-known as “smartwatches.”
BACKGROUNDFor centuries, portable time-pieces were fabricated using mechanical gears and springs; first primarily as pocket watches and later, in the late 1800s and early 1900s, as wrist-worn watches. The 1970s saw the rise of electronic, quartz-based watches which, by the 1980s, had largely supplanted mechanical watches as the primary means for personal time-keeping. The 1970s and '80s also saw the rise of personal computing with the introduction of several key systems targeted at home buyers and individuals such as the Apple II™ and the IBM™ PC. Thus, since the 1970s, there have been several attempts at creating electronic watches that would combine some form of computerized capabilities along with time-keeping in the form of a wrist-worn device. At the time of this writing, such devices are commonly-referred to as “smartwatches”. For the purposes of the present disclosure, a “smartwatch” is therefore a wrist-worn device providing some form of computerized capabilities along with time.
While the early smartwatches' capabilities were geared towards rudimentary data storage or calculator-like functionality, the 1990s and the early 2000s saw an increasingly wide array of computing-like capabilities being incorporated into smartwatches, including for example calendar and contact synchronization with users' computers. Still, for the most part such offerings and capabilities remained confined to niche markets. The last few years, however, have seen accelerated efforts by a large number of industry players, including very large consumer electronics vendors, to integrate into smartwatches many of the same features and/or technologies that have become mainstream as part of their inclusion in smartphones. At the time of this writing, for instance, there are therefore a large number of smartwatches on the market that combine features such as touch display, high-end processing capabilities, gyroscope, accelerometer, voice recognition, network connectivity through Bluetooth™, Wifi™ and/or cellular connection, etc.
The current crop of smartwatches, as they are promoted by most players in the industry, seem to be centered around the concept of providing highly-capable/integrated general-purpose smartwatches that enable software developers to tailor a smartwatch's use to provide a specific functionality to their user by way of developing a custom application that is loaded and run on the smartwatch. That is, most vendors are attempting to replicate the model popularized by smartphones where the user owns a highly-integrated device and uses different apps to accomplish different tasks on the same device. Such is the case for the smartwatches currently promoted by Apple™, as the Apple Watch™, and the different manufacturers that release smartwatches running Google's™ Android Wear™ operating system (OS).
In all those cases, the consumer is offered a self-contained, highly integrated smartwatch that combines all the electronics and the capabilities that the user could potentially need to run the software applications that are to be loaded onto their device using the application ecosystem their device belongs to, be it Apple's or Google's. Much like the smartphone ecosystems, the differentiation between such smartwatches is therefore based on the full list of technical specifications available at the time the watch is manufactured. This therefore typically means that the watch contains more hardware than the user effectively needs at any point in time since most apps tend to require only a subset of the overall capabilities of the smartwatch, and the user generally uses only a single or a very limited number of apps at most at the same time. Conversely, should new hardware features be required or introduced, or older features be upgraded, the consumer is expected to purchase a new smartwatch. Given that such smartwatches can be relatively expensive, it can be difficult for users to justify a replacement cycle similar to that found in the smartphone market, especially since, unlike smartphones, the purchase of a smartwatch is unlikely to be bundled in their carrier's customer plan.
More importantly, outside the realm of use-case-specific smartwatches, such as for example fitness/exercise-tracking and health-monitoring, like the Fitbit™ and Garmin™ line of fitness trackers, the appeal of general-purpose smartwatches incorporating many smartphone-like capabilities in a smaller form-factor remains limited. Several reasons have been circulating within the industry to explain this, namely:
Limited battery life
Tiny screen size
Constrained entry capabilities
Dependence on smartphone: requires a smartphone to function and/or requires a specific make/model to function
Dependence on the cloud
Size and weight
Reliability of measurements
Each of these is further discussed in detail below.
One of the primary issues with smartwatches is their limited battery life. Indeed, some watches, such as the Apple Watch and many Android Wear-based watches need to be charged on a daily basis. Some smartwatches fare a bit better and only require a charge every week, with some even lasting for as long as 10 days. Such is the case for some Garmin models, the now defunct Pebble and the Qualcomm Toq concept smartwatch. Still, even at those rates, no smartwatch fitting the current definition gets anywhere near the longevity provided by classic quartz-based watches which can last for more than a year, sometimes several years, on a single coin-cell battery. Even early 1980s smartwatches, such as the Seiko UC-2000 and Data-2000 could last at least several months without requiring a battery change. Such watches did not obviously have the same feature-set as present-day smartwatches, but they did however provide the user with the primary functionality they were wearing the device for: having the time available on their wrist at all times.
There are several reasons why modern-day smartwatches' batteries require constant charging. One of the main reasons is that, as alluded to earlier, manufacturers design smartwatches to be highly integrated devices such as smartphones. Hence, smartwatches end up containing several dozen specialized hardware components to cater for every conceivable use-case the manufacturer believes the smartwatch is meant to address. Every such component and/or integrated circuit requires battery power. Each component individually may not draw a lot of power, but combined together the components overall draw more than can be accommodated for a very long duration by a battery of the size that can fit in a smartwatch. That's especially true if the user starts using apps on their watch that bring some components out of their quiescent state and into full power mode where they consume even more power than when they are unused.
Another reason why smartwatch batteries tend to not last very long is that most manufacturers operate on the assumption that users want to have the same kind of high-definition color display that is found on smartphones. Such displays, especially ones that are readable in high ambient light conditions, such as sunlight, are very power hungry. As such, most manufacturers attempt to put in place several optimizations that keep those displays' power consumption at a bare minimum for most of the time. Some keep the displays off until a certain wrist movement is operated by the user, thereby triggering the display to come on and provide the time. Other manufacturers put the display in a low power consumption mode where the time is faintly visible, thereby making it possible for the user to consult the time at all times, but then turning the display fully on when the user is actually interacting with the device. Yet another optimization implemented on smartwatch platforms is to use darker display backgrounds for most screens since white backgrounds are more power hungry. While such tricks are interesting optimizations, they remain insufficient to meaningfully extend smartwatches' operation.
It remains that the physical space inside a smartwatch is limited and, as was mentioned earlier, this limits the size and therefore the capacity of a battery. Traditional coin-cell batteries that can fit in a regular quartz watch can traditionally store up to around 200 mAh. Rechargeable LiPo batteries such as those found in smartwatches can be around 200 to 300 mAh, or sometimes a bit more. In contrast, it's not uncommon to find smartphones with an order of magnitude more of battery capacity. Hence the typical approach taken at the time of this writing by smartwatch manufacturers of trying to fit many of the features found in smartphones into the much smaller smartwatch form-factor practically guarantees that the lack of battery capacity will be an irritant to users.
Another issue with smartwatches is the limited size of their screens. Indeed, by trying to mimic an app experience similar to that of smartphones but on users' wrists, manufacturers and designers end up having to find convoluted ways to display vasts amounts of information and/or app navigation interactions on a very tiny screen real-estate. The fact is that current smartwatches being general-purpose devices, the user must first typically navigate through the tiny screen to the app they wish to interact with before they can then proceed to launching the app and benefiting from its functionality.
Not only does the limited screen size make the navigation to the app difficult, but it also limits the possible interactions with the app itself. Indeed, apart from the predefined gestures and capabilities provided by the platform on which the app runs on and the existing buttons found on the smartwatch, an app cannot provide any other way of interacting with it to the user. Instead, since many smartwatch apps act as companion modules to smartphone apps, the smartphone app is designed to contain the full set of functionality whereas the companion smartwatch app contains only a limited subset of the overall functionality, the complete set being only available to the user when operating the app from their smartphone.
A further limitation of smartwatches is their dependence on users' phones in order to operate properly and/or provide their full feature set. Indeed, up to very recently, the Apple Watch and Android Wear required direct tethering to a smartphone in order to operate. More recent versions of those systems have included the ability to operate without being directly tethered to a smartphone, but much of their functionality remains predicated on the user's smartphone as described earlier. Some smartwatch models, such as the Apple Watch, cannot be operated using anything but a matching smartphone make and/or model, an iOS phone in the case of the Apple Watch. This too is an inconvenience to users who are forced to choose a fixed combination of hardware products instead of being able to selectively choose which product best matches their needs.
Another common dependence for smartwatches is the requirement to use the app ecosystem and/or cloud services matching the operating system (OS) running on the smartwatch. Indeed, both Apple's watchOS™ and Android Wear depend on the respective cloud services to operate. It's either inconvenient or impossible for a user to operate their smartwatch independently of those cloud services. This too is a limitation to users' freedom as they cannot fully freely operate their smartwatch using the services of their choice.
Another issue with some modern-day smartwatches is their size and weight. Indeed, given the high level of integration found in smartwatches, there are a great deal many components packaged into a single constrained housing. Furthermore, given the battery issues mentioned earlier, smartwatch rechargeable batteries must contain enough capacity to provide an acceptable experience to the user. Effectively, this means that the batteries for smartwatches containing powerful hardware must be physically large, therefore contributing to the size and weight of smartwatches. While such issues are subjective, it remains that the level of integration and battery requirements dictated by current designs create a situation where it's difficult to minimize the size without sacrificing functionality.
Yet another issue with some smartwatches and fitness trackers is that the measurements they provide regarding activity tracking can be somewhat unreliable. Indeed, some cursory investigations by trade press have found that some of the information reported by smartwatches can be misleading. Since smartwatches are integrated devices with non-interchangeable parts, it's therefore impossible to remedy this situation once the device has shipped, unless the issue was in software only. If the issue is due to hardware, the only solution for users is to replace the smartwatch.
While several of the above issues with smartwatches remain unanswered by the current market offerings, it isn't the present disclosure's purpose to necessarily address them all or the entirety of those it attempts to address. The aforementioned issues are presented here to provide the background and contemporaneous context of the present disclosure.
There is thus a need for a smartwatch that does not necessarily attempt to include all hardware required for every potential use case within a highly-integrated, general-purpose design.
There is therefore a need for a smartwatch whose hardware can be extended and/or modified after it is manufactured.
There is therefore also a need for a smartwatch whose design prioritizes battery life over integrated functionality.
There is thus also a need for a smartwatch that ensures that time can be displayed to the user for an extended period of time without necessitating battery replacement or recharging.
There is therefore further a need for a smartwatch that enables the minimizing of on-screen navigation and interaction to obtain a certain functionality.
There is therefore also a need for a smartwatch that provides interaction mechanisms and/or design elements that are tailored for the form-factor limitations of and variations afforded by a wrist-worn device.
There is additionally a need for a smartwatch whose weight can be optimized by reducing the quantity of components integrated within the confines of its limited housing.
There is therefore further a need for a smartwatch built around a hardware architecture that enables a certain degree of functionality replacement and extensibility.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTIONAn object of the present disclosure is to provide a module-driven smartwatch that overcomes at least one of the previously-listed drawbacks and that satisfies at least one of the above-mentioned needs.
Another object of the present disclosure is to provide a module-driven smartwatch that relies primarily on interchangeable modules in order to provide task-specific functionality.
According to the present disclosure, there is provided a module-driven smartwatch that:
provides basic watch-like (time-keeping) capabilities such as time, date, and alarm;
is capable of providing computerized capabilities; and
is connectable to at least one module;
wherein the computerized capabilities are active primarily, though not exclusively, when an at least one module is connected to the module-driven smartwatch.
According to the present disclosure, there is further provided a method for providing function-specific capabilities to a smartwatch by way of using modules.
It is hereby noted that for brevity purposes, both the figures used in the present disclosure and the following text use the acronym “MDS” instead of “module-driven smartwatch”. All instances of “MDS” should therefore be read in context as “module-driven smartwatch”. For example, “MDS module” stands for “module-driven smartwatch module”. Furthermore, note that the use of expressions such as “current-day”, “contemporary”, “conventional”, “traditional”, “regular” or any similar term in relation to the term “smartwatch” refers to the state of the art, the market offerings and the technologies most widely prevalent with regards to smartwatches at the time of the writing of the present disclosure.
In one embodiment, an MDS is preferably, but not necessarily, a wrist-worn device whose primary function is to provide time while being capable of advanced, current-day smartwatch-like capabilities when a module is attached to it. Therefore a distinction between a conventional smartwatch and one of the embodiments of the MDS could be that the former's computerized capabilities are effectively available at all times whereas the latter's computerized capabilities would be meant to only be available when a module is connected. This wouldn't preclude those computerized capabilities from being enabled at other times for limited amounts of time and/or with proper power being supplied to the module and/or MDS, but it would contrast with current-day smartwatches where computerized capabilities are meant to be available almost at all times, typically when the user interacts with the smartwatch or when some form of notification occurs. In other words, the normal operation of one of the embodiments of the MDS could be that its computerized capabilities would typically, but not necessarily, be enabled as a result of the connection of a module and disabled on the module's disconnection. Said computerized capabilities could also be enabled exceptionally under other circumstances for this embodiment of the MDS, including following user interaction. Such enabling would, however, be considered an infrequent or uncommon use-case for such an embodiment of the MDS.
In such an embodiment, at its most basic level, the MDS would contain the necessary hardware and components to function as a basic watch for a prolonged period of time without requiring frequent battery recharging nor replacement. In other words, this embodiment of the MDS could typically, but not necessarily, provide time for several weeks, months or years at a time, in contrast with current smartwatches that can only hold power for several hours or days at a time. Such basic watch-like functionality would not preclude this embodiment of the MDS from having some form of computerized capabilities in addition to the watch-like functionality when a module is not connected to it, but those computerized capabilities would be typically, but not necessarily, fairly constrained and insufficient to provide what users would generally recognize as comparable to a current-day smartwatch. In this same embodiment, the MDS would also contain the required hardware to enable advanced smartwatch-like capabilities and functionality to be provided to the user upon the attachment and/or pairing of a module.
In another embodiment, the MDS may function as a regular fully-featured, always-on/always-active smartwatch with modules providing function-specific capabilities. The details outlined earlier and below would remain similar but there wouldn't necessarily be the need to divide or qualify the MDS' functional capabilities into different degrees based on the present or absence of a module. Such a smartwatch would likely have some of the same drawbacks as conventional smartwatches, such as short overall battery life, but it would have many of the benefits and/or features of the module-driven approach described in the present disclosure.
Modules can be function-specific and enable functionalities such as providing:
incoming notifications from smartphone
fitness tracking
remotely-accessible storage
music playback through either Bluetooth or an audio jack
audio recording via a microphone
sleep tracking
health tracking (heartbeat, pulse oximeter, etc.)
cellular connectivity
camera capabilities
gluco-meter capabilities
bar-code or QR-code reading
user-customizeable or user-extendable capabilities (for makers for example)
Many other functions may also be envisioned and provided as modules. Modules may also combine several functionalities together. This, therefore, could enable the creation of general-purpose modules that externalize some or much of the capabilities typically bundled inside a traditional smartwatch. In some configurations it may even be desirable for modules to be stackable, thereby enabling multiple modules to be connected together.
Modules may additionally include connectivity capabilities including, but not limited to, Bluetooth, Wifi, GSM, CDMA, GPS, NFC, RFID, IrDA, mesh networking or any other kind of radio frequency (RF)-, audio frequency-, electromagnetic spectrum-, or, more generally, wireless-enabled connectivity. Wired connectivity capabilities could also be included in modules thereby enabling the MDS to connect to further forms of communication. Examples of such wired connections include, but are not limited to, general-purpose connections such as USB (with the MDS being either host and/or device), Ethernet, RS232, eSATA, HDMI, DisplayPort, audio jack, or Thunderbolt, special-purpose connections such as SPI, I2C, GPIO, PWM, UART, CAN bus, or even a custom wired connection type. The MDS may also include several types of connectors for attaching several types of peripherals. The MDS may, for example, have slots to attach a MicroSD card or a SIM card or any other similarly-typed device.
Modules may also simply be a battery that provides sufficient power to the MDS, possibly to enhance or enable its smartwatch-like capabilities. Function-specific modules may also include a battery to power the module itself and/or the MDS in order to provide the functionality embodied in the module. A notification module, for instance, may comprise Bluetooth connectivity and a battery. The battery would provide the power necessary for the module to pair with the user's smartphone over Bluetooth as well as the power required for the MDS to receive, display and manage notifications for the user. A module, regardless of its type, may or may not therefore necessarily include a battery.
Module and MDS power may also be provided by other means than just battery. Indeed, power may be provided by way of the module and/or MDS being connected to a PC over USB, using kinetic movement, by way of a supercapacitor or any other means for providing power. Furthermore, the MDS may contain one or several internal power-storing and/or power-capable components such as a battery, a supercapacitor or a wrist-mouvement-powered generator. Each of these may also supplement the other. A wrist-mouvement-powered generator may, for instance, be used to recharge a battery and/or a supercapacitor found within the MDS. An MDS' supercapacitor may also be charged by a module's battery.
Modules containing batteries would preferably, but not necessarily, be rechargeable independently of the MDS. Once a Bluetooth-enabled notification module has been used for an entire day, for instance, the user may disconnect said module from the MDS and place it on a charger until the following morning. The user does not necessarily need to remove their MDS from their wrist to accomplish this. Instead, the MDS continues to provide time while the disconnected module is getting charged. The user can then reconnect the recharged module at their convenience or choose to connect another already charged module. By having several identical modules, for instance, a user may even be able to have uninterrupted access to the functionality provided by said module by cycling through a series of fully-charged module units. Such would be the case, for example, with several units of a notifications module which could be cycled through to provide constant notification capabilities without ever requiring the user to take the smartwatch off their wrist to recharge it. A recharged module may also serve to recharge an internal, unremovable battery or supercapacitor found inside the MDS.
The module may be physically-attached directly to the MDS or it may be physically separate while being remotely paired via some form of wireless protocol. Many forms of physical connectivity may be envisioned such as will be described in further detail below. It remains that a given functionality is not available on the MDS until a corresponding module providing support for that functionality is connected to the MDS, regardless of the means used to establish that connection. The MDS therefore has means for enabling the connection to modules. Said means may include direct physical connectors, connectors that operate at close proximity or wireless connections such as, but not limited to, those listed earlier.
In one embodiment, the MDS preferably, but not necessarily, wouldn't operate as a smartwatch until a module is attached to it. Given current battery technology, this would therefore ensure the MDS power is preserved to provide classic watch capabilities over a long period of time. However, this would not preclude some of the aforementioned module functionality to be included within the MDS while still the latter is module-driven. This is likely to be useful if a given functionality is required for several modules. For example, if several modules require Bluetooth then including this functionality in the MDS avoids having each module to include it as well. Still, in this embodiment the Bluetooth functionality found in the MDS for modules would only be active when a module is attached and/or connected to the MDS. This would not, however, preclude the MDS from having Bluetooth functionality for other purposes unrelated to modules, such as for providing Bluetooth functionality while no module is connected.
In another embodiment, the MDS would operate as a regular or conventional smartwatch regardless of whether a module is attached or not. The attachment of a module would enable the user to benefit from the additional functionality provided by the module, or potentially extended battery life in the case of a module comprising a battery, but the smartwatch capabilities of the MDS would be available at all times.
In typical embodiments, when a module providing a specific functionality is connected to the MDS, the MDS preferably, but not necessarily, immediately and/or automatically displays the information related to that module's capabilities on the MDS' display. If the module is for tracking fitness, for instance, then attaching it results in the MDS then showing fitness tracking information from the module in addition to or instead of the current time. The user can then start interacting with the MDS for the specific functionality provided by the then-just-connected module. This may mean that the user can then use the MDS' buttons and/or other controls to interact with a module-specific interface and/or contextual menu and/or paradigm. Preferably, but not necessarily, the user does not have to navigate a user interface to get to the controls and/or interface associated with a connected module. Instead, they are preferably, but not necessarily, made readily available to the user as the module is connected.
Modules may also provide additional user-experience opportunities than those defined by or found in the MDS. A module may, for instance, have additional buttons, knobs, LEDs, or even displays separate from the MDS. This therefore enables module manufacturers to customize their modules' user experience capabilities without being limited by the features found in the MDS.
Other features of the presently disclosed computing device and method will become apparent from the following detailed description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, which illustrate, by way of example, the presently disclosed electronic device and method.
A detailed description of preferred embodiments will be given herein below with reference to the following drawings, in which like numbers refer to like elements:
Note that many diagrams are based on material provided in the public domain at openclipart.org. Note also that Trademarks belong to their respective owners. Trademarks in this document are first-letter capitalized.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTSWhile
The rest of the MDS 101 resembles the parts of existing watches. Namely it preferably, but not necessarily, has buttons 108, 110 and possibly other forms of physical user input such as thumbwheels 109 or possibly a conventional watch crown. The MDS 101 may also optionally enable touch user input using capacitive, resistive or other such types of technologies. The MDS 101 may also additionally feature gesture-based input as well as voice recognition technology, or any other interface for receiving user input. Buttons and other physical entry means may also be on the front of the MDS 101 instead of on its side. The MDS' display 112 is show in
To connect a module 102 to the MDS 101, in the case of the connector embodiment illustrated in
Preferably, but not necessarily, once the module 102 is connected, as shown in
Note that the specific information displayed for any given module can vary greatly from the examples shown. There is nothing precluding a fitness module to display more information than just the number of steps and calories presented in the previous figures, or for notification modules to present more information than just the number of missed calls and new emails. The sample displays presented in this disclosure are only meant to exemplify the MDS' capabilities. Many other displays can be envisioned without departing from the teachings for the present disclosure.
Several enhancements and variations may be made to this basic mechanism without departing from the teachings of the present disclosure. Electrical circuits and contacts may be put in place to enable the MDS 101 to identify whether or not all four latch pins 122 have properly engaged through their corresponding module lips 107 thereby ensuring that the module 102 is fully secured in place. A dummy module or cover may be provided to users to ensure that the MDS slots 120 and electrical connector 103 are protected at all times from debris, dust, water and/or other material that may damage the electrical connector 103 and/or obstruct the MDS slots 120. Another set of springs may be included to push against the module lips 107 as they are inserted, thereby facilitating the removal of modules 102 when the release buttons 105, 106, 116, 117 are pressed by pushing the module 102 out and away from the MDS 101 without user intervention.
In this embodiment, the MDS connector 103 is made up of a recessed space 126 for fitting a corresponding module connector shield 129, a protruding solid tongue 128 in front of which are found the metal contacts 127 against which the module connector's pins 131 connect, and an o-ring 126 surrounding the connector tongue 128. When the module connector 104 is inserted into the MDS' connector 103, the connector shield 129 fits into the recessed space 126 and squeezes against the o-ring 121 thereby ensuring a water-proof seal of the electrical connections between the MDS connector's metal contacts 127 and the module connector's pins 131. The module connector 104 itself has a recessed space 130 for the MDS connector's tongue 128 to fit into as the connectors are inserted into one another. The MDS connector 103 may additionally have a single or several metal contact points (not shown) for the connector shield 129 to come into contact with in order to put the MDS' and the module's grounds in common. Another o-ring (not shown) may be used at the base of the shield 129 in addition to or in replacement of the initial o-ring 121 to seal the shield's 129 contact with the MDS connector 103.
In this embodiment, both the MDS connector's 103 (male side) and the module connector's 104 (female side) parts have correspondingly round shapes at both ends in order to ensure a proper o-ring 126 seal since o-rings require round shapes to provide a proper seal.
Several changes and enhancements may be made to the connectors presented without departing from the teachings of the present disclosure. The spring-loaded pins may in fact be in the MDS' connector instead of the module's, and the metal contacts in the module's connector instead of the MDS'. Instead of using spring-loaded pins and metal contacts, for instance, other electrical mating connector types may be used, possibly inspired by or derived from existing connectors such as USB, D-subminiature, registered jack, DIN, slot/edge or any other connector technology on the market. Additionally, one of the mechanical locking mechanisms presented earlier may be integrated and/or combined to the electrical connectors.
Note that some system blocks may be hardware-only. The module 302 and frontend 312 could, in fact, contain nothing but hardware components without requiring any corresponding module software 310 or frontend software 312. Note additionally that, as in previously shown figures, all hardware connections between the MDS 301 and the module 302 are carried over connectable electrical connectors such as, but not limited to, those presented previously. Hence, the arrows linking hardware blocks between the module 302 and MDS 301 presented throughout this disclosure should be viewed as potentially being a collection of several individual connection lines which provide bus and power capabilities among other potential uses. The same also applies for any internal links between hardware blocks or sub-blocks within the module 302 and the MDS 301.
Note that while battery components and/or blocks shown or illustrated throughout this disclosure are shown to be explicitly connected to some specific blocks, such as their corresponding processing blocks or chips, all power-requiring components or blocks are assumed to be connected to a proper power source, even if such a connection is neither implied nor explicit.
As mentioned previously, the bus and power connections between the BPB 350 and a module would be provided through electrical connectors such as those detailed earlier once a module is connected to the MDS. The connection between the BPU 350 and the FPB 335 may also be provided by one of the previously-mentioned bus technologies. Unlike the connection between the BPU 350 and the MPB 331, the link between the BPU 350 and the FPB 335 is likely fixed at factory time when the MDS is assembled and made using either a set of traces on a PCB, if the BPB 333 and the FPB 335 are found on the same PCB, or carried over using an appropriate connector technology between the PCB holding the BPB 333 and the PCB holding the FPB 335, such as, but not limited to, FPC, FFC, conventional wires, board-to-board connectors and/or PCB-to-PCB soldering.
In addition to likely storing backend software and data, the backend storage may be used to store module-specific software (MSS) and module-specific data (MSD). MSS may include software to be run on the module itself such as module firmware (MFW), but it may also include backend module software (BMS) and frontend module software (FMS). BMS would be software that runs on the backend when its corresponding module is attached and FMS would be software that runs on the frontend when its corresponding module is attached. The collection of software and/or data and/or resources, etc. required to operate a module once it is connected to the MDS could be distributed separately or packaged together as a single set of assets in a single file, possibly a module assets package (MAP), and distributed in a number of different ways. Such components, be they distributed together or separately, may be retrieved by:
Loading from the module
Downloading at module attachment from a source in the cloud
Downloading at module purchase
Manually installing by the user
Shipping from factory on the backend storage
Using any other technological means for this purpose
Each system block would be provided with the required software to properly operate in the relevant circumstances using commonly-established software practices.
MSD would include data created at runtime during the attachment of a module and could be shared with the user's smartphone and/or PC and/or some relevant cloud-based infrastructure. In the case of a fitness module, for instance, the backend's storage could be used to record fitness information while the fitness module is operating, possibly by fitness-module-specific BMS running on the backend. The fitness data could then be sync'ed over a network connection when a network-capable module is connected or, if the backend includes networking capabilities, periodically while the fitness module is connected to the MDS. Modules may also share access to MSD stored in the backend storage. MFW, for instance, may request access to other modules' data and/or user-specific data in order to perform its specific functions.
As in the case of the BPU, the storage 362 attached to the FPU 360 may serve a number of different purposes. In addition to storing FPB-related software and data, it may also include MSS and MSD for use by in the frontend's context.
By having a separate battery 338 for the frontend and given that the FPU 360 is typically an MCU, it's possible to design a frontend that can operate for a prolonged period of time without requiring battery replacement or recharging. Indeed, some of the MCUs on the market can run for months or years on single coin-cell batteries. In fact, the entirety of the frontend could likely be replaced by the hardware used inside an existing classic, “non-smart” digital watch, many of which on the market can run for years without requiring replacing or recharging their batteries.
As in the case of the BPB 333 and the FPB, the module's storage 382 may be used to store data and software. It's also possible, though not required, that a module may need firmware to be loaded from the MDS in order to start operating normally.
Once the backend is active, it notifies the frontend of its state 404. This then notifies the frontend that the backend is ready for two-way communication. Even if the backend activation is triggered by the frontend, the backend may require some time before it can start communicating with the frontend, hence the need for the backend to notify the frontend when it is ready. Once this is done, either the frontend or the backend notify the user that the backend is online 406. This may be done using any number of different ways, including, but not limited to, lighting up LEDs, activating the LCD backlight, using the piezoelectric buzzer, activating the vibrator motor, or any combination of the above.
Once both the backend and the module are active and a connection is established between them 405, they use whatever handshaking mechanism that is appropriate for the bus technology linking them together 407 to establish a communication channel and/or mechanism, identify the module, possibly load firmware for the module, and possibly start module-specific BMS. Finally, the backend and the frontend communicate 408 to inform the user that the module is now active and/or online, possibly load and/or start module-specific FMS, and possibly start displaying module-specific information onto the MDS display. The module would then be ready for use by the user through the MDS 409.
Note that some of the tasks described as being serialized could be run in parallel and some tasks could be conducted in a different order while achieving the same result. Additionally, some tasks may be added and/or removed without departing from the teachings of the present disclosure.
If a button is pressed by the user, for instance, it may be handled by the module's 302 FMS 501. Given that the FMS 501 would handle module-specific interaction, the button presses or user input may be used to allow the user to navigate user menus and basic information display directly from within the FMS 501 without requiring any further interaction between the FMS 501 and the backend 303. In that case, the FMS 501 would simply modify the display according to the user's input. In the case where the user's request requires more advanced assistance or requires access to information the frontend 304 does not have access to or involves making requests to the module 302 or any other case where the request cannot be processed within the frontend 304, the latter would forward and/or convert the request into a command and/or data to be sent to the backend 303. Much like in the FMS' 501 case, the BMS 502 would attempt to handle such requests in as much as possible and respond back to the frontend 304, or forward and/or convert those requests it cannot handle into commands and/or data to the module 302. If the user is attempting to retrieve historical data, such as consulting the fitness log for a fitness tracking module or historical glucose levels for a glucometer module, this data may be available in the backend's 303 storage. If the user is attempting to modify the way the module 302 operates, say, for instance, how often updates should be made for a GPS module or which access point to connect to for a wifi-capable module, this is probably a request that would then need to be forwarded to the module 302 by the backend 303 for further processing.
Conversely, the module 302 responds to MDS requests, continuously provides data to the MDS based on its configuration and/or sends triggers to the MDS based on key events. The BMS 502 then processes the module-generate responses, information and/or triggers and possibly forwards them to the FMS 501 for further processing and/or display to the user.
Note that the set of commands and data sent between blocks on the top flow are not necessarily equivalent. Even if the arrows are labeled identically between the frontend 304 and the backend 303, and between the backend 303 and the module 302, the set of commands and data shared between the blocks can and is likely to be vastly different. For example, a command from the frontend 304 to the backend 303 does not necessarily translate into a command or the same command or commands between the backend 303 and the module 304. The same applies to all other arrow labels in the rest of the diagram.
In general, the roles of the FMS with regards to its corresponding module could possibly include at least of one of the following:
Basic interaction (ex.: display change)
Basic processing (ex.: change math ratios)
Display and handling of module-specific menus
Minimal storage
In general, the roles of the BMS with regards to its corresponding module could possibly include at least one of the following:
Complex interaction
Complex processing
Cloud interaction
Rich OS services
Large storage
Direct communication with module
In general, the roles of the MFW could possibly include at least one of the following:
Set up and operate the module peripherals
Managing the communication with the MDS
Manage the power and charging of the module battery
More specifically, in the case of a fitness tracking module, the MFW could likely be used to:
Set up sensors such as accelerometer, gyroscope and GPS
Manage sensors
Send sensor data to backend
Also in the case of a fitness tracking module, the BMS would likely perform at least one of the following:
Receive sensor data from the module
Process sensor data to retrieve meaningful user data (steps, heartbeat, distance, path, etc.)
Possibly use other data than from the module, like additional MDS-available data such as from backend peripherals, data available over the network, etc., to enhance/interpret new module data
Further analyze and store data in the background
Send distilled data for display by the frontend
Receive user interaction from the frontend
Process user interaction and send back status/data to the frontend for displaying and/or communicate with module to service user interaction/requests
Sync with smartphone and/or computer and/or cloud and/or internet of things (IoT) devices and/or other MDSes to share/process data, fulfill user requests, etc.
Additionally in the case of a fitness tracking module, the FMS would likely perform at least one of the following:
Receive, process and fulfill display requests for fitness information
Receive, partially process and/or forward user input (button presses, scrolling, swiping, etc.)
Provide basic fitness-tracking-specific menu capabilities
Aside from the module-specific software, the overall software stacks, if any, operating on the frontend, the backend, or the module, would be similar to that found on systems using similar hardware. Specifically:
the frontend being most likely an MCU, it would either rely on a real-time operating system (RTOS), an embedded operating system or a custom-made software stack, possibly based on what is commonly-referred to as a “while1 loop”, or a “bare metal” library,
the backend being most likely an SoC, it would likely rely on a high-level operating system (HLOS) such as Linux, Windows, one of Apple's OSes, FreeBSD or any other HLOS, including any of their variants such as, in the case of Linux for example, one of, but not limited to, the variants or derivatives of Android, Yocto, Buildroot, Ubuntu, or even a custom Linux distribution,
the module being most likely an MCU, it would have a similar choice of software as the frontend.
In the case of the frontend, the software stack would typically, but not necessarily:
Handle low-level hardware interactions such as 120, GPIO (ex: buttons), UART (ex: backend), SPI (ex: LCD/flash), RAM/ROM/Flash and power.
Establish and manage two-way communication with the backend
Store and retrieve data and/or software from the frontend storage
Control and be aware of backend and/or module states: boot, shut down, suspend, etc.
Maintain time-keeping operations
Provide basic watch functionality such time, alarm, date, and stopwatch
Provide higher-level abstractions and application programming interfaces (APIs) both for internal use by the software stack operating on the frontend and for software developers writing FMSes for their modules to handle:
a) Communication with the backend and/or module
b) Time and time-related operations
c) Access frontend hardware
In the case of the module, the MFW's role, if any, was covered earlier and its specifics would depend on the module's role. Some of the observations regarding the frontend would likely also apply in the case of modules as they are likely to be based on MCUs as in the case of the frontend.
In the case of the backend, the software stack would typically, but not necessarily, depend on the capabilities of the HLOS being used. As HLOS capabilities are too vast to expand on in the present disclosure and are already well known in the industry, the assumption is that all features found in the HLOS being used could be of use within the context of the backend. One specific aspect that would be of special concern for HLOSes is the mechanisms and corresponding time requirements for all power-related operations such as, but not limited to, booting, shutting down, suspending, resuming, waking, and sleeping. The priorities would typically be: a) finding the optimal configuration for providing the user with very quick access to a module's functionality on insertion, and b) rapidly but safely deactivating the backend once a module is disconnected. As in the case of the frontend, APIs may be provided on the backend for facilitating the creation of BMSes by application developers. Those APIs may be existing ones already provided by the HLOS being used and/or new ones specifically developed in the context of the MDS.
Note that since the backend and the frontend do not typically, though not necessarily, share RAM or persistent storage, the preferred communication means between the two is some form of hardware-backed remote communication mechanism as explained earlier. Still, in some configurations it may be desirable for the backend and/or the frontend and/or the module to share some form of RAM and/or storage to facilitate communication between them.
In a similar fashion, over-the-air (OTA) updates and upgrades may be made available to any of the module 302, backend 303 or frontend 304 using any number of external systems and/or components such as those just mentioned.
Several other enhancements are also possible without departing from the teachings of the present disclosure. Here are, in no specific order, a list of features, additions or modifications that could be made to the module-driven smartwatch:
An adapter may be provided to enable modules meant to be connected to MDSes to actually connect into computers and/or smartphones
Modules may be required to all have USB connectors in addition to connectors for connecting to MDSes. This could be used for charging and allowing connection to PCs, whether the module is connected to the MDS or not.
An interposing dongle could be provided for attaching between a module and the MDS for providing extra functionality such as a USB connector to connect both the module and the MDS to a PC while a module is connected to the MDS, if the module doesn't itself have a USB connector for instance, or it could be used for debugging capabilities, enabling module developers to more easily develop and/or debug their modules and or module-related software while being connected to a working MDS.
It will be understood that numerous modifications and changes in form and detail may be made to the embodiments of the presently disclosed electronic device and method. It is contemplated that numerous other configurations of the electronic device and method may be used, and the modules (“modules” as in “abstractions” or “blocks”, not as used earlier in this disclosure) of the electronic device and method may be selected from numerous modules other than those specifically disclosed. Therefore, the above description should not be construed as limiting the disclosed electronic device and method, but merely as exemplification of the various embodiments thereof. Those skilled in the art will envisioned numerous modifications within the scope of the present disclosure.
Claims
1) A module-driven smartwatch comprising:
- a watch case;
- a display;
- an interface for receiving user input;
- means for being worn on a human body;
- a primary battery;
- at least one integrated circuit powered by the primary battery; and
- at least one module connector;
- wherein: the at least one integrated circuit is configured for: providing time-keeping capabilities; operating the display; and receiving user input from the interface; the at least one module connector is configure for: enabling modules to attach to the watch case; and providing electrical connectivity between a module and the at least one integrated circuit; and the at least one integrated circuit is configured for: interfacing with any module connected to the connector; and reacting to module connection by automatically: rearranging the display in a module-specific fashion; and responding to user input in a module-specific way.
2) The module-driven smartwatch of claim 1, wherein the module-driven smartwatch further comprises at least one additional integrated circuit configured for providing conventional smartwatch-like capabilities.
3) The module-driven smartwatch of claim 2, wherein the at least one additional integrated circuit mediates the interaction between the module and the at least one integrated circuit.
4) The module-driven smartwatch of claim 3, wherein the at least one additional integrated circuit is primarily powered through the module connector.
5) The module-driven smartwatch of claim 4, wherein the at least one integrated circuit is a low-power microcontroller and the at least one additional integrated circuit is a system-on-chip.
6) The module-driven smartwatch of claim 4, wherein the at least one additional integrated circuit is further connected to a secondary power source within the module-driven smartwatch.
7) The module-driven smartwatch of claim 4, wherein the at least one additional integrated circuit is connected to smartwatch-like peripherals.
8) The module-driven smartwatch of claim 1, wherein the at least one integrated circuit is configured for providing conventional smartwatch-like capabilities.
9) The module-driven smartwatch of claim 8, wherein the at least one integrated circuit is configured for:
- operating in a low-power state unless a module containing a battery is connected to the module-driven smartwatch; and
- utilizing power from the module containing a battery to exit low-power mode.
10) The module-driven smartwatch of claim 1, wherein the module-driven smartwatch is attached to a module comprising at least one module integrated circuit for interfacing with the at least one integrated circuit.
11) The module-driven smartwatch of claim 10, wherein the module further comprises a module battery for powering the at least one module integrated circuit
12) The module-driven smartwatch of claim 11, the module battery is configured for also supplying power to the MDS through the module connector.
13) The module-driven smartwatch of claim 12, the module-driven smartwatch further comprises at least one additional integrated circuit wherein:
- the at least one additional integrated circuit is configured for providing conventional smartwatch-like capabilities; and
- the at least one additional integrated circuit is primarily powered by the module battery.
14) The module-driven smartwatch of claim 13, wherein the at least one additional integrated circuit mediates the interaction between the module and the at least one integrated circuit.
15) The module-driven smartwatch of claim 14, the at least one additional integrated circuit is further connected to a secondary power source within the module-driven smartwatch.
16) The module-driven smartwatch of claim 10, wherein the module further comprises at least one additional integrated circuit primarily powered by the module battery and configured for providing conventional smartwatch-like capabilities.
17) The module-driven smartwatch of claim 16, the at least one additional integrated circuit mediates the interaction between the at least one module integrated circuit and the at least one integrated circuit
18) A module-driven smartwatch comprising:
- a frontend processing block;
- a backend processing block;
- frontend processing block peripherals; and
- an electrical connector;
- wherein: the frontend processing block is connected to the frontend processing block peripherals; the electrical connector is configured for interfacing with at least one module; the frontend processing block is connected to the backend processing block; the frontend processing block peripherals are configured for interfacing with the user; and the backend processing block is configured for: providing conventional smartwatch-like capabilities; operating its user interface through the frontend processing block; and interfacing with modules connected to the module-driven smartwatch through the electrical connector.
19) The module-driven smartwatch of claim 18, wherein the backend processing block is configured for instructing the frontend processing block to reconfigure its peripherals in a module-specific way upon module insertion.
20) The module-driven smartwatch of claim 19, wherein the backend processing block is configured for being primarily powered through the electrical connector.
21) The module-driven smartwatch of claim 20, wherein the module-driven smart further comprises a backend processing block-specific power source and the backend processing block is also connected to the backend processing block-specific power source.
22) A method for extending the hardware capabilities of module-driven smartwatch including at least one integrated circuit and at least one additional integrated circuit by way of using modules, the method comprising the steps of:
- providing a connector to enable modules to be connectable to the module-driven smartwatch;
- configuring the least one integrated circuit to provide time-keeping and user-interfacing capabilities;
- configuring the at least one additional integrated circuit to provide smartwatch-like capabilities;
- implementing an interfacing protocol between the at least one integrated circuit and the at least one additional integrated circuit;
- implementing an interfacing protocol between the at least one additional integrated circuit and a module attached to the connector;
- configuring the at least one additional integrated circuit to detect the connection of a module to the connector; and
- configuring the at least one additional integrated circuit to instruct the at least one integrated circuit to provide a module-specific user interface upon insertion of a module.
23) The method of claim 22, further comprising the steps of configuring the at least one additional integrated circuit to be primarily powered through the connector.
Type: Application
Filed: Nov 4, 2018
Publication Date: May 9, 2019
Inventor: Karim Jean Yaghmour (Sherbrooke)
Application Number: 16/179,979