INVERTED FASTENING MORTISE BUILDING STRUCTURE FOR RESISTING EARTHQUAKE, STRONG WIND AND TRUNAMI AND TECHNICAL PROCEDURE THEREOF

Abstract

Disclosed is an inverted fastening mortise structure of building for resisting an earthquake, strong wind or tsunami and technical procedure thereof. The adopted inverted fastening mortise makes mortises ring lie in dividing space between ground ring beam of building and foundation ground and makes building press and composite suspended in patand. The inverted fastening mortise structure like a sleeping dragon eliminates earthquake, wind and tide, including longitudinal and transverse waves in the aspect of direction of earthquake waves, sectional wave, swing wave and crawling wave in the aspect of shape, the promotion of wind moment of combined wind and horizontally pushing of tsunami wave. The inverted fastening mortise structure eliminates the destroy to building in the process of displacement of building and foundation by control the disaster energy of the three disasters.

Description

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application is a continuation of International Application PCT/CN2017/000310, filed on Apr. 21, 2017, which claims priority of PCT/CN2016/000372, filed on Jul. 11, 2016. The content of the aforementioned application, including any intervening amendments thereto, is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.

TECHNICAL FIELD

The present invention relates to a technique and structure of building for resisting earthquake, tsunami and strong winds, including preinstallation for newly-built buildings and remedy for completed buildings.

BACKGROUND

The present invention is designed based on the tripod bearing mortise floating structure, disclosed in International Patent Application PCT/CN2016/000372, titled “Ground surface building, complete disaster relief and preservation technology for liquid tank trailers during earthquakes, tsunami, and super storms and structure and equipment thereof” filed on Nov. 7, 2016.

SUMMARY

The present invention relates to an inverted fastening mortise structure of building and the technical procedure to implement. Inverted fastening mortise structure clusters non-standard and scattered mortises between building and foundation in a integrated way or in a way of breaking up into parts to make them become a dividing type. It withstands the dropping force of the main building upwardly, resists the rebounding force of ground downwardly, and it is pressed by solid sealing force of beam body of ground ring beam outwardly and restrained by extrusion and friction of congeneric mortises inwardly, which coexists in a partial specific space with inner natural quality and physical quality of the earth and creates a divided structure and energy reservation.

When any one of the three disasters mentioned above damages the present structure with its body and energy, the feature of clustering and pressing will be damaged. Therefore, the pressing mortises lost pressing force becomes serpiginous mortises, and feature of slipping and moving are released. The feature of slipping of transport mortises compensates the space displacement between building and foundation and interacts collision of invasive energy. Seismic motions, wind forces and tidal surges passing are observed and resisted in the present structure.

The preinstallation in new buildings, the remedy of existed buildings, the rescue of the outdated engineering and jerry-built building without supervision are included. For buildings in seismically active zone and monsoon zone, reinforced composite mechanism for lost mortises after disaster is adopted to regain the feature of clustering and pressing thereof, thus the physical effect for resisting disaster will always be remained.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIGS. 1-8 are earthquake-resistant effect diagrams of Chinese traditional mud and stone building or the most fragile building, including plywood and rammed building, block stacking building, stone based building and pile dwelling building. Apart from the inverted fastening mortise structure of the present invention, the wildly applied constructed beams, pillars and frame shear plane are also used.

FIGS. 9-10 are a pre-building plan view and a closed shape plan view of ground ring beam for bearing walls of the inverted fastening mortise structure.

FIG. 11 shows a mortise blocking plate which needs to be prepared to meet the requirements of the present structure.

FIG. 12 shows a wall bearing of inverted fastening mortise after applying the present structure.

FIG. 13 is a pre-building plan view of a ground ring beam of wall and dado bearing.

FIG. 14 shows a mortise blocking plate with dado wing and attachment bolts which needs to be prepared in advance to achieve the expected effect.

FIG. 15 is a dado bearing of patand after applying the present structure.

FIGS. 16-17 show a similar old building and a foundation thereof.

FIGS. 18-19 show a building and a foundation added a free ground of present structure.

FIGS. 20-23 are a diagram of preinstallation of a ground ring beam after adding a frame shear plane and schematic diagram of adding in a way of breaking up into part.

FIGS. 24-27 show buildings with dividing line as core after being successfully remedied.

FIG. 28 shows a mortise pressing plate which needs to be prepared in advance to complete the building.

FIGS. 29-38 are earthquake-resistant effect diagrams of bearing of wall and dado in earthquake without longitudinal wave or earthquake with staggered longitudinal and transverse waves.

FIG. 39 is a earthquake-resistant schematic diagram of castle-like buildings and middle-height buildings.

FIG. 40 is a gull wing plate which should be prepared before construction.

FIGS. 41-42 are the side view and the plan view of ground ring beam with the gull wing plate and the reinforced fastening cylinder.

FIGS. 43-46 are the effect diagrams of the structure in earthquake.

FIG. 47 shows a mortise pressing plate which needs to be prepared in advance to remedy an old castle.

FIG. 49 shows a reinforced fastening cylinder which needs to be prepared for reinforced composite mortise mechanism.

FIGS. 48 and 50 are the elevation and the plan view of building and foundation in a dividing way after applying the present structure to an old castle.

FIGS. 51-54 are the effect diagrams of the product in earthquake.

FIG. 55 shows a more convenient and practicable remedy indication for castles and middle-height buildings with ground ring beam.

FIG. 56 shows an indication for improving the original ground ring beam.

FIGS. 57-58 are a side view and a sectional view of ground bearing of a middle-height building or a high building.

FIGS. 59-60 show two remedies for facilities of column bearing structure.

FIGS. 61 and 63 show the single-sided frame, the single-sided mortise storage jar and a mortise cover plate of patand in implementing the reinforcing composite mortise of remedying for bearing wall.

FIG. 62 shows a cutting line of dividing the foundation and drilling holes on wall where added free ground and ground ring beam engaged with.

FIGS. 64-69 show the interactions in earthquake between ground ring beam of wall bearing, reinforced composite mortises, mortise storing alter and building of original building and free ground of rear foundation.

FIGS. 70-71 show a four-border frame in the patand when implementing the mortise reinforced composite for remedying dado bearing and a quadrilateral storage altar.

FIG. 72 shows a cutting line of drilling holes of wall designed for building and dual foundation beam and a dividing position.

FIGS. 73-78 show interactions in earthquake of building, mortise storing alter, reinforced composite mortises, and the free ground of dual foundation after being added dado bearing beam.

FIGS. 79 and 80 show the dual foundation after adding foundation, and the building and foundation bearing added a double ground ring beam, reinforced composite mortises and anti-slip slope.

FIG. 81 shows an interaction of building, foundation and mortises under the situation of adding border of anti-slip slope, longitudinal displacement of building and reinforcing mortises from alter after building suffered strong wind.

FIG. 82 shows the situation where building is automatically adjusted and returns to the original position after the wind stops.

FIG. 83 shows the situation which includes wholly slipping of building, supplementing of mortises and being blocked to stop by anti-slip slope after being moved by tide of tsunami.

To make the description of drawings clearer, disasters in the drawings are exaggerated intentionally and such disasters will not happen in real life. Thick arrows in drawings represent waves of disaster force; and small arrows represent reinforced composite lines. Thin arrows represent torque lines of wind force; and dotted arrows represent lines of joint winds and lines of tides. Solid lines indicate functionality.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS

First, the classification of non-standard mortises is determined. The quality of to be elected mortises should be hard and have a large proportion with a diameter of less than 1 cm. These mortises are named according to their size; a mortise with a diameter slightly less than 1 cm is called soya mortise; a mortise with the diameter similar to that of a soybean is called soybean mortise; a mortise with the diameter similar to that of a mung bean is called mung bean mortise; a mortise with the diameter similar to that of a wheat grain is called wheat grain mortise; a mortise with the diameter similar to that of a cracked rice is called cracked rice mortise; and a mortise with the diameter similar to that of a millet is called millet mortise.

Second, it is added in an integrated way in the newly-built building, and in a decentralized, divided, comprehensive and separated way in the old buildings.

Specifically, a narrow dividing gap of building and foundation of inverted fastening mortise is a dividing line, which generally refers to that the patand bearing is the wall bearing, namely, wall foot is the supporting and bearing point and no transport mortises is under dado. A thick dividing gap is a dividing space, which is generally refers to dado bearing of patand bearing, namely, dado of patand is the supporting and bearing point, and the actual transport surface for mortises is far wider than original foundation, and there are transport mortises under dado.

According to different disasters and different terms of validity, the inverted fastening mortise mechanism is divided into two kinds according to reinforced composite mechanism or mechanism without reinforced composite: effective in stage and permanently effective.

As tailors make different clothes for different figures and doctors apply different medicines according to different symptoms, the mechanism should be chosen by architects according to different disasters instead of taking one measure for all conditions.

Recommendations for choosing are listed as follows:

Integrated Adding for Resisting Earthquake in Newly-Built Buildings which are Easy to Collapse

Technical procedure of inverted fastening mortise structure 1, taking FIG. 11 as a example, includes: casting concrete slabs for blocking mortises, providing the reserved exposed reinforcing bars on back rough surface of upward and outward of concrete slabs; providing the screw holes on front smooth side surface of downward and inward of concrete slabs to be locked, wherein the height of the concrete slabs should be 50% of that of ground ring beam and the thickness should be 4-5 cm; the length of concrete slabs are different, and opposite concrete slabs are connected in a intersecting way; the front smooth surface is made by glass steel mould or steel mould, and the rough side surface is separated by concrete slurry and the mud mortar in same mould; washing to clean after being maintained.

Bearing foundation of the building in ground ring beam includes inner and outer free grounds. The technical procedure of bearing foundation includes: framing the ground ring beam mould by avoiding the free waves of earthquake; putting into the swollen three-ply wood into mould, and moving the three-ply wood into the mortise blocking plates; dividing into inner smooth surface and outer rough surface, being fixedly locked by bolts in both surfaces; providing a mortise groove between the two plates, and the outer side of the two plates are dado of ground ring; removing the three-ply wood in the mortise groove, covering a plastic film on the three-ply wood, putting the soybean mortise into the groove until reaching the edge, tying reinforcing steel bars of ground ring beam and reserved exposed reinforcing steel bars, putting concrete until the edge of plates; putting two strips of cracked rice mortises to the two sides of soybean mortises and tamping the soybean mortises, adding more soybean mortises into groove to make the shape of ridge bread, covering a plastic film and pressing and stretching it by stones, adding concrete to the mould from two sides to the middle until full load, tamping the concrete by vibrating spear by carefully protecting the film on the mortise.

The dry and shrinking three-ply woods are taken out after building is completed. Earthquake-resistant patand in FIG. 12 is suitable for any vulnerable buildings fixed with frame shear plane.

Technical procedure of inverted fastening mortise structure 2 includes: making mortise blocking plates with mortise pressing wing by the similar method in FIG. 14; using the same procedure of ground ring beam 1, spreading the smooth surface and rough surface of mortise blocking plates with wing on the external narrow swollen three-ply wood and the inner cracked rice mortises, setting up a mortise groove by being fixed with bolts, framing the mould of patand, tying the reinforced steel bars and reserved exposed reinforcement steel bars, removing the excessive cracked rice mortises in the mortise groove and putting into mung bean mortises to the edge, putting concrete into mould to edge, putting two strip of cracked rice mortises into two sides of mung bean mortises, tamping, adding soybean mortises to make the shape of ridge bread, covering a plastic film and stretching by stone, adding concrete to the mould from two sides to the middle until full load, tamping the concrete by vibrating spear by carefully protecting the film on the mortises; taking out three-ply wood with narrow sides after building is completed. Earthquake-resistant patand in FIG. 15 is more effective than patand 1 in terms of the dado bearing and dado slipping in earthquake-resistant period.

Remedy in a Way of Breaking Up into Parts for Existing Jerry-Built Buildings to Make them be Earthquake-Resistant

Technical procedure of inverted fastening mortise structure 3 in existing brick wall, mixed buildings, pile dwelling building and stone based buildings is same as that of above concrete buildings, including: adding the frame shear plane of building after inner and outer free ground is built on original foundation; filing wet mud without cement into segmented mould of patand when adding into patand firstly and adding into frame secondly; wherein the width of patand is three times as that of wall; changing mud patand into concrete patand of inner and outer parts simultaneously and sequentially according to numbers from middle to two ends after the frame shear plane removes the mould after solidification, drilling the numbered wall of removed mud beam by a non-impact drilling machine, cutting remained corner between two holes, re-covering mould plate after residue is cleaned, putting the wheat grain mortises into the mould till mortises in the center part is swollen like bread, covering the upheaval of mortises by a plastic film, squeezing the upheaval of mortise in the position close to mould plates by narrow swollen plates and covering the wooden bars with the rest film, putting multiple small mortises bags in the two ends close to mould plates to squeeze to prevent leakage of mortises, tying connected reinforcing steel bars of inner patand and outer patand, covering film for small mortise bags, putting concrete into mortise film from middle to two ends until being full load, tamping concrete by vibrating spear from two ends to middle, operating similarly according to the number.

When two parts are going to connect, small mortise bags are taken out and concrete is put simultaneously to prevent the structure from being empty after taking out mortises. Both inner and outer walls are conducted at the same time and all bearing walls are conducted with same method. Earthquake-resistant effect of added patand in FIG. 26 and FIG. 27 are the same as effect of patand 1 and patand 2.

Technical procedure of inverted fastening mortise structure 4 includes: making mortise pressing plates in advance according to FIG. 28, reserving exposed reinforcing bars of smooth side and rough side as above, putting a thin layer of cracked rice mortises on the original mould plates after cutting numbered wall and cleaning residue, moving the mortise pressing plates into the original mould, filing a swollen three-ply wood in both the inner side and the outer side, squeezing the mortise pressing plates, taking out the excessive cracked rice mortises split from an opening, putting wheat grain mortises to make a steamed bun-shaped upheaval, covering a plastic film on the steamed bun-shaped upheaval, and pressing and stretching with stone, tying connecting reinforcing steel bars on inner and outer of patand and reserved exposed reinforcing steel bars, covering mould plates, filing concrete to full load from middle to two ends and tamping, and keeping the same procedure with preceding paragraph. The slipping of mortises in earthquake of patand of mortise pressing plates is stronger than new casting patand without mortise.

Technical procedure of inverted fastening mortise structure 5 includes: making short mortise blocking plates in FIG. 11 in advance which have the same length with the dividing mould, dividing the two mortise grooves in and out of wall with four plates, filing swollen three-ply woods in the position under wall foot and dado and under mortise blocking plates and covering a plastic film, and wall foot and dado don't stretch into mortise groove, keeping a 5 cm gap between the lower position of the cutting wall and mortise blocking plates after fixing bolts of smooth surface and rough surface of mortise blocking plates, putting concrete into empty groove of lower position of wall and tamping to contact with bearing wall after tying the connecting reinforcing steel bars of inner patand and outer patand and reserved exposed reinforcing steel bars, putting wheat grain mortises into inner and outer slipping grooves after changing all wall foots according to the number, putting a small quantity of millet mortises to two sides of wheat grain mortises, tamping the mortise layer; adding more wheat grain mortises to make a upheaval shape of bread, covering a plastic film, pressing and spreading with stones, re-covering the original mould plates, putting concrete to two sides first and then along the wall, tamping with a vibrating spear until being full load.

The dry and shrinking three-ply woods are taken out after building is completed; inverted fastening mortises of patand of the present invention are spilled automatically when there are longitudinal waves in earthquake to make wall bearing of building being bearing of wall and dado of building to capture transverse waves and big and small longitudinal waves.

Technical procedure of inverted fastening mortise structure 6 includes: cutting in fixed points according to number and removing residue in wall foot; keeping the inner and outer mortise blocking plates on free ground with inside surface smooth and outside surface rough and separately standing by the wall; filing swollen three-ply plates under original mould and mortise blocking plates and covering a plastic film, keeping a 3 cm gap between outer edge of wall and mortise blocking plates and a 3 cm gap between lower edge of wall and the mortise blocking plates, putting wheat grain mortises into slipping grooves until reaching the upper edge and putting a small quantity of millet mortises to two sides of wheat grain mortises after the bolts are fixed; tamping the wheat grain mortises, covering a plastic film on mortise layer, tying reserved exposed reinforcing steel bars of connected reinforcing steel bars of inner and outer patand, covering the mould plates, putting mortise bags on two sides to press mortises, putting concrete into mould, protecting film on mortises, tamping from middle to two sides until being full load, changing patand sequentially according to number; filing mortises first and then taking out mortise bags when changing segmental patand to prevent emptiness caused by losing of mortises, taking out the dry and shrinking three-ply woods.

Wall bearing of original building becomes dado bearing when the present ground ring beam suffered longitudinal waves of earthquake. Since there is larger slipping quantity of the present inverted fastening mortise structure, the present ground ring beam can eliminate small and big longitudinal waves and transverse waves.

Adding Inverted Fastening Mortises Structure in a Integrated Way in Castles and Middle-Height Buildings for Resisting Earthquake

Technical procedure of inverted fastening mortise structure 7 in FIG. 40 includes: making gull wing plates in advance with outer surface smooth and inner surface rough and with reserved reinforcing steel bars exposed; connecting the gull wing plates into a ring based on bearing of building on free ground established on ground; cutting off excessive parts of corners, being surrounded with mould plates, filing swollen three-ply woods from underarm position of outer of gull wing plates to mould plates without stretching into mortise grooves, covering a plastic film, putting cracked rice mortises into underarm position from opening, tying reinforcing steel bars of ground ring beam and reserved exposed reinforcing steel bars, putting concrete from two sides of mould plates to the middle, vibrating cracked rice mortises from the opening by vibrating spear, and then filing wheat grain mortises until being full load, adding concrete into the mould, installing a reinforced fastening cylinder on the opening, tying the reserved exposed reinforcing steel bars, adding concrete to the mould until being full load, adding mung bean mortises to the reinforcing fastening cylinder, vibrating concrete, then vibrating mortises in the cylinder, and locking movable sheet for stopping mortises getting out.

The dry and shrinking three-ply woods are taken out after building is completed. The inverted fastening mortises under patand can eliminate all seismic waves through the present pratand, and the earthquake-resistant function can be maintained by the reinforced composite mortises. Increasing diameter of reinforced composite mortises makes a building stronger when shaking.

The Remedy for Old Castles and Old Small Buildings to Resist Earthquake

Technical procedure of inverted fastening mortise structure 8 includes: making mortise pressing plates and reinforced fastening cylinder with inner surface smooth and outer surface rough in advance according to FIG. 47 and FIG. 49, rebuilding free ground based on the external ground, and reconsidering sewer when free ground is lower than external ground, cutting wall from middle to two sides according to number order, cutting off excessive wall from upper line to lower line and from right to left, cleaning residue, tying steel frame of patand, placing narrow swollen three-ply wood bars in the place at a distance of 5 cm with surrounding of mortise pressing plates after spreading cracked rice mortises under the cut segments, moving mortise pressing plates to compact the three-ply wood bars, and casting the ground ring beam in a segmented and layered way on the three-ply wood bars; first, mounting a reinforcing fastening cylinder on the opening; tying reinforcing steel frame of patand and reserved exposed reinforcing steel bars, closing the mould plates, putting small mortise bags into two ends and periphery of the mould to prevent the casting concrete to spill, tamping mortises in the cylinder by vibrating spear and mounting movable sheet for stopping mortises getting out, tamping concrete in the mould surrounded by mortises until bearing wall is buried in the height of 3 cm by concrete, repeating these steps until four sides are connected, taking out all small mortise bags, supplementing connecting reinforcing steel bars in the empty position, supplementing concrete into mould until being full load, tamping by a vibrating spear. The inverted fastening mortise structure can eliminate all transverse waves and longitudinal waves in earthquake, and all lost mortises can be supplemented. The dry and shrinking three-ply woods are taken out. The function of resisting earthquake will be remained permanently.

For Existing Small and High Castles, the Original Ground is Consistent with the Present Patand to Rebuild Castles More Conveniently.

Technical procedure of inverted fastening mortise structure 9 includes: replacing the wall bearing of the original building with segmented bearing, destroying concrete in original bearing points after drilling holes by a non-impact wall drilling machine, and reserving all wall bearing and steel frame in the destroyed points, constructing a free ground with original bearing points as the core, constructing a foundation with thickness above three times of thickness of original wall on free ground after residue is removed, namely, taking width of the inner and outer patands and original wall foot as standard bottom, placing four swollen three-ply wood bars with width of 5 cm under steel frame to form a circumference of new patand, putting cracked rice mortises to inside of the circumference, moving it into mortise pressing plates, mounting a reinforced fastening cylinder on the opening, tying the reinforced fastening cylinder, mortise pressing plates and the steel frame of original patand together, pressing a mould on, putting concrete into the mould, supplementing cracked rice mortises into the reinforced fastening cylinder and tamping by a vibrating spear, installing a movable sheet for stopping mortises getting out, tamping by a vibrating spear until being full load.

After all building is completed, bearing points go back to the original points. The dry and shrinking plywood is taken out, and connection between free ground and ground ring beam is cut off by a cutting machine in points in lower edge of mortise pressing plates of bearing points to transfer the whole bearing points into pressing mortises of bearing points. Steel bars with same thickness with the cut part are filed from segment to segment in cutting points when cutting to prevent large displacement caused by transferring of bearing points. Therefore, the pressing mortises in buildings can move longitudinally and transversely and mortises can be supplemented when suffering an earthquake.

The Remedy in Old Medium and High Buildings to Resist Earthquake

Technical procedure of inverted fastening mortise structure 10 includes: making a single-side frame and a single-sided storage jar in advance according to FIG. 61 and FIG. 63, wherein the inner surface of single-side frame is smooth and the outer surface is rough, and there are reserved exposed reinforcing steel bars on it, and the inner and outer surface of mortise storage alter are smooth; rebuilding free ground, wherein the free ground can contact with ground and can also be set without contacting with ground, but it shouldn't be set too far from the ground, and the free ground contacting with ground is made of concrete, and the free ground without contacting ground should be made of steel frame cast by concrete, and the right-and-left length of side should be enough space for moving of transverse waves and for bearing building; drilling holes with non-impact wall driller on the bearing wall above the free ground, cutting a dividing line on the wall foundation to keep the inside and the outside of wall communicating, wherein the lower wall holes should keep a distance of about 10 cm with the free ground, and the number and position of the hole should be provided according to the building; cutting a dividing line, and embedded with steel pieces with same thickness with the dividing line segment by segment, cutting off the excessive exposed parts by a cutting machine after the embedding process ids finished, wherein there is no gap between the cutting line and the free ground; moving the single-border frame into the designed position, tying the reinforcing steel bar frame of new patand, filing the connecting reinforcing steel bars of inner and outer patand into wall holes, tying the connecting reinforcing steel bars, reinforcing steel bars frame and reserved exposed reinforcing steel bars, framing the mould, putting a swollen three-ply wood on the ground in the mould, covering a plastic film, moisturizing the wall holes, squeezing pure cement paste, putting concrete into mould to be full load, adding any one of non-standard mortises from soya mortises to cracked rice mortises, tamping the mortises layer and concrete by a vibrating spear, adding a round of millet mortises into the periphery of frame, moving the mortises storing alter into the frame, adding non-standard mortises with the same diameter with the preceding mortises into the mortises storage alter, supplementing concrete in patand, tamping by a vibrating spear until being full load, tamping mortises in the mortise storage alter by a vibrating spear until being full load, covering with the cover plate, wherein space on the cover plate can be used to store more mortises or placing some decorations such as flowerpot to increase the intensity of pressure when there is longitudinal waves of earthquake and to increase pressure infiltration when there is composite wind, and there are limitations for rising of mortises storage alter on the edge of mortises storage alter and wall to prevent losing of mortises caused by sharply rising of mortise storage alter.

The dry and shrinking three-ply woods are taken out after building is completed. When frequent wind and lowly frequent earthquake occurs, the composite wind rises building by the wind moment, and mortises enters the position under the bearing wall and new patand in time to provide mortise structure in advance to prepare for the coming of earthquake waves. Bearing of wall and dado is suitable for middle-height buildings and high buildings.

Technical procedure of inverted fastening mortise structure 11 includes: putting a four-border frame and quadrilateral storage altar with inner surface smooth and outer surface rough, and keeping reserved reinforcing steel bars exposed on it, wherein the inner and outer surface of mortise storage alter are smooth; drilling wall holes with non-impact wall driller according to requirement on the free ground, cutting a dividing line of building and foundation, wherein the gap between the lower wall holes and the dividing line is about 10 cm, and steel pieces with the same thickness with the cutting line should be embedded into the cutting line simultaneously; cutting off the exposed steel pieces after the embedding process is finished, wherein there is no gap between the dividing line and the free ground; moving the four-border frame into the designed position, framing the mould, spreading a swollen three-ply wood on the bottom of mould and covering a plastic film, tying the reinforcing steel bars of new patand, filing the connecting reinforcing steel bars of inner and outer patand into wall holes, tying the connecting reinforcing steel bars, reinforcing steel bars frame and reserved exposed reinforcing steel bars, moisturizing the wall holes, squeezing pure cement paste, putting concrete into mould, adding any one of non-standard mortises except for the millet mortises, tamping the mortises layer and concrete by a vibrating spear, adding a round of millet mortises into the periphery of frame, moving the mortises storage alter into the frame, adding non-standard mortises with the same diameter with the preceding mortises into the mortises storage alter, supplementing concrete in mould, tamping by a vibrating spear until being full load, tamping mortises in mortises storage alter by a vibrating spear until being full load, covering the cover plate, wherein the space on the cover plate can be used to store more mortises or placing some decorations such as flowerpot, and there are limitations for rising of mortises storage alter on the upper edge of mortises storage alter and wall to prevent losing of mortises caused by sharply rising of mortises alter; taking out the three-ply woods after building is completed.

As the inverted fastening mortise structure 10, the composite wind rises building by the wind moment, and mortises enters the position under the bearing wall and new patand in time to provide mortise structure in advance to prepare for the coming of earthquake waves. The new patand bearing by both wall and dado will have more slipping mortises than the inverted fastening mortises 10.

The inverted fastening mortises 12 and 13 is a modification to the above inverted fastening mortises 10 and 11. When there are column bearings instead of wall bearings, the column bearings should be reconstructed. Taking FIG. 59 and FIG. 60 as an example, the outer surrounding of column bearings and the free ground among columns or between columns and walls are connected after a free ground is constructed. An angle biting mortise storing cylinder in a round or rectangular shape is made. Four holes with depth of 10 cm are drilled in the position of foots of the bearing column, and a round or rectangular mould is made. The inner mould is mainly made by glass fiber reinforced plastics, and the mould can be kept if it is not too smooth to slip. The height of wall of the mortise cylinder should be over 10 cm, and an edge for throwing mortises is provided at the bottom of the cylinder, and the height of the cylinder is 90-95 of that of column.

Technical procedure of the inverted fastening mortises includes: first, cutting the the dividing line of column bearing, embedded with steel pieces and cutting off the excessive parts, placing the inner mould and fixing it on the column cylinder, placing the swollen three-ply woods on the bottom of the mould and covering a film, tying the round or rectangular steel frame of mortise cylinder, putting cluster water into the drill holes, putting pure cement paste into the wall holes, filing reinforcing steel bars and connecting the reinforcing steel bars with steel frame of mortise cylinder, covering outer mould with an edge for throwing mortises, wherein the upper part and the lower part of the outer mould can be separately connected; putting non-standard mortises into the mould core from a high level, then putting concrete into the mould from a high level, vibrating the mortise layer, and then vibrating the concrete to meet the requirement, covering swollen three-ply wood on the free ground among columns or between the column and the wall, covering a film, being surrounded with the mould plates, casting the connected patand with no bearing to transmit the deformation of building and foundation during the process of moving of mortises, taking out the three-ply woods after the building is completed.

Adding in a Infiltrated Way in High Buildings

An inverted fastening mortise 14 is provided in slope of periphery of free ground of high buildings. It promotes the height gap of the slope in FIG. 79 to stop the slipping of building in the wind moment. The composite vertical force of building in FIG. 81 eliminates the composite wind and promotes the structural space of foundation and accelerates the entering of mortises. After the composite wind stops, the composite vertical force becomes balanced in FIG. 82.

The displacement after pushing by tsunami waves goes back in the balance process of the composite vertical force, and building gets the increasing of mortises and the returning of gravity to moving and composite with the help of anti-slip slope to provide permanent storage for the wind-resistant and earthquake-resistant of building.

Diameter of reinforced composite mortises above can be adjusted according to requirement.

To prevent earthquake, building and earthquake should be studied properly. Seismic wave contains longitude wave, transverse wave and crack of building space, which means building should resist external force by itself. The only way to resist earthquake is to “make choice according to different disasters” that is frequently criticized by searching authority.

Mortises with a bigger diameter can digest big seismic wave while mortise with smaller diameter can help to catch small seismic wave and does little help to solve big transverse waves. Mortises of the same type are easier to be reduced in intensive earthquake. Since seismic wave has anti-ratio conduction and earthquake is unpredictable, it is difficult to choose proper mortises according to the disaster. The two-way mortises mechanism without reinforced composite mortise in which mortises with smaller diameter go first and then mortises with larger diameter go, and the reinforced mortises which is controllable in quantity and diameter in the reinforced fastening mortise mechanism can choose proper mortises for different disaster and eliminate big, small, longitudinal and transverse waves to remain the earthquake-resistant effect and strengthening buildings.

As it is extremely strange if clothes are not cut properly, but if we do not wear clothes, we may be frozen to death. It is hard to make a precise choice for different disasters, but we will lose property and even life if we don't make a choice. Problems mentioned cannot be avoided in architecture, and the present invention which is the best choice for people living in seismic, tsunami or strong wind zone means a progress in architectural history.

Claims

1. An inverted fastening mortise building structure for resisting earthquake, strong wind and tsunami, wherein scattered and non-standard mortises with different diameters are invertedly fastened in dividing space of building and foundation structure; the structure forms a press-fit relationship of energy with the building and foundation, a clustering relationship with a container body of ground ring beam and a squeezing, fluid and friction relationship with container of mortise; when any one of the above-mentioned three disasters invades with their body and energy, clustering state and feature of pressing composite of the inverted fastening mortise are destroyed, and the inverted fastening of mortise generates separation, free moving, disintegration, reinforced composite, renewal and rebuilding, wherein separation, free moving and disintegration are completed by two-way mortise mechanism; the resistance for disaster of building in its life time is by the original storing mortises, and the two-way mortise mechanism is effective periodically; the reinforced composite, renewal and rebuilding are completed by reinforced composite mechanism of mortise, and the endless life time for building and larger possibilities to resist disaster can be completed by the reinforced composite of mortises and adjustment of diameter of mortises, and the reinforced composite mechanism of mortises is permanently effective and the building will be stronger after shaking; the inverted fastening structure is added in an integrated way in newly-built buildings; the structure is added in a way of breaking up into parts in old buildings; the structure is embedded in a dividing way, stuck in a comprehensive way and infiltrated in a carrying way in old buildings of seismically active zones and monsoon zones; the capture of the invisible disaster energy by the tangible moving of mortise replaces the destruction of building and foundation during displacement.

2. The building structure of claim 1, wherein non-standard mortises deserted by tripod bearing mortise structure of above invention are classified according to their diameters; mortise with diameter slightly less than 1 cm is called soya mortise; mortise with diameter similar to soybean is called soybean mortise; mortise with diameter similar to mung bean is called mung bean mortise; mortise with diameter similar to wheat grain is called wheat grain mortise; mortise with diameter similar to cracked rice is called cracked rice mortise; mortise with diameter similar to millet is called millet mortise; and mortises are classified by using mesh sieves.

3. The building structure of claim 1, wherein two-way mortise procedure is adopted in the inverted fastening mortise structure by a method comprising: putting a round of mortise with diameter of that of numbered with 1-3 after the mortise layer is spread; mortises with high density and small mortise diameter are sunk into mortise gap of edge of mortise frame to prepare for condition change during the process of tamping mortises; the pressing mortises perform moving in groove in a sliding way when an earthquake with no longitudinal wave happens; when earthquake with small longitudinal wave happens, mortises with small diameters are firstly infiltrated to the position under dado of patand to extend the dado, namely, bearing surface and slipping surface of building, and building and foundation are combined with big sliding surface; when earthquake with big longitudinal wave happens, the pressing mortise is disintegrated, and mortises with large diameter are infiltrated to the position under dado of patand to obtain more effective moving of mortises.

4. The building structure of claim 1, wherein reinforced composite mechanism is adopted to control the storing degree and classify the inverted fastening mortises; reinforced fastening cylinder is provided in the bearing points of building and any other positions in need; mortises in reinforced fastening cylinder are integrated into one part with pressing mortises and have the same frequency with sliding mortises to supplement running of mortises; a movable sheet for stopping mortises getting out is provided in the reinforced fastening cylinder; reinforced composite mortises are all for in without out and can be added for multiple times; diameter of reinforced composite mortises is adjusted according to requirements to guarantee the removing of influence of earthquake; the inverse ratio of sliding mortise of building makes the building stronger as shaking becomes stronger.

5. The building structure of claim 1, wherein pressing surface of inverted fastening mortise is highly smooth, and all ground and wall surfaces are in a status of no friction; same meshing force and joint force are formed in binary composition and unitary composition of pressure layer; smooth surface for placing mortises are made by glass steel mould; rough surface for fastening is made by dividing concrete and wet marl slurry with a common mould; all necessary mortise blocking plate, mortise pressing plate, mortise blocking plate of mortise pressing wing, gull wing plate, reinforced mortise cylinder, single-border frame, four-border frame, mortise storage jar are included.

6. The building structure of claim 1, wherein a structural gap exists in the intersections of ground and beam of inverted fastening mortise; swollen three-ply wood or swollen thin wood covered with plastic film is arranged before casting concrete and are pulled out in a dry and shrinking status after building of building is completed; dividing line is obtained by the shrink of wood and concrete; patand surface contacting with mortises is fit for mortises dividing film; and mortises dividing film is obtained by plastic film covered before casting the patand of concrete.

7. The building structure of claim 1, wherein adding of inverted fastening mortise structure step by step for remedy in a way of breaking up into parts is adopted in old mud and stone buildings, open pocket buildings with bricks, mixed buildings, stilt style buildings, stone based buildings and “jerry-built” buildings without regulations; comprising: making free ground on ground, and adding ground ring beam and frame shear plane in building; combining segmented mould plates in a common mould when adding ground ring beam; numbering the ground ring beams according to the requirement of design; filing wet marl slurry into patand mould when casting patand, and filing frame shear plane with concrete; numbering patand of concrete according to requirement of design; replacing patand of marl with concrete after solidafication of frame shear plane; two-way mortises or reinforced composite mortise technique of cast-in-situ without board, mortise pressing board, mortise blocking board is used to replace in the process of replacing in a way of breaking up into parts.

8. The building structure of claim 1, wherein embeddedness in a dividing way is adopted in modification of old castles and middle-height buildings by a method comprising: destroying key concrete of bearing of old patand with non-impact force and cleaning slag thereof; reserving steel frame of original patand during destroying; rebuilding free ground under bearing points of steel frame, and the thickness of free ground should be three times of that of the original wall; putting four swollen wooden bars under original patand in four rounds, and covering a film; putting into cracked rice; moving into mortise pressing plate; installing reinforced fastening cylinder; fixedly tying all connected reinforcing steel bars; pressing a mould plate; putting into concrete; supplementing mortises to reinforced fastening cylinder and tamping with vibration; tamping concrete in mould with a vibration spear after installing a movable sheet for stopping mortises getting out; removing the dry and shrinking wooden bars after the concrete is solidified and maintained; cutting original patand among mortise pressing plates to separate building and foundation; carrying out the cutting process and embedding process of steel pieces at the same time; removing the steel pieces one by one after building is completed.

9. The building structure of claim 1, wherein sticking in a comprehensive way is adopted in high building by a method comprising: first, rebuilding free ground, second, cutting a dividing line of building and foundation in wall foundation and drilling holes for connecting the inner and outer reinforcing steel bars; there is no gap between the cutting line and the free ground, and there is a gap with 10 cm between the cutting line and the lower drilling holes; embedded steel pieces into wall and cutting off excessive parts; moving the pre-made mortise storing frame into designed position; combined in a common mould, covering swollen plates, and covering a plastic film; tying all reinforcing steel bars of patand and all connected reinforcing steel bars; putting mortises into the frame; then putting mortises with small diameter into the round of the upper edge of mortise frame; wetting and squeezing pure grout into holes of wall and putting concrete into mould; moving mortise storing jar into the frame; putting reinforced composite mortises into the jar; tamping mortises with a vibrating spear, and covering with a mortise covering board; tamping concrete with a vibrating spear till full load; taking off the dry board after the building is finished; the inverted fastening mortise in patand can against wind and earthquake.

10. The building structure of claim 1, wherein moving range of the surrounding of free ground is limited by providing an anti-slip slope with proper gradient and distance for moving to stop endless horizontal drift of building in strong winds and wave of tsunami; wherein the building consumes energy in being lifted longitudinally instead of being folded horizontally.