Cooling System
A cooling system including a ventilator that exchanges atmosphere between parts of a building that are at differing heights. The ventilator includes an outer conduit that extends from an upper end thereof downward to a lower end thereof. An inner conduit extends substantially the entire length of the outer conduit. Both the outer and inner conduits are open at their respective upper ends and lower ends. Temperatures of atmosphere both surrounding and within the outer conduit and the inner conduit induce an exchange of atmosphere between the ventilator and surrounding atmosphere.
This application is a national application claiming priority benefit to Australian patent application No 2017261629. The foregoing Australian patent application is related to the following prior patent applications: Australian patent application No. 2016203886; Australian patent application No. 2015202537 (which claims priority from U.S. provisional patent application No 61/991,436); PCT patent application No. PCT/US2014/033101. The contents of all these applications are incorporated herein by reference.
BACKGROUND Technical FieldThe present disclosure relates generally to a cooling system for building ventilation and, more particularly, to a ventilation system that exploits a temperature difference between a building's interior and the surrounding atmosphere.
Background ArtAny discussion of documents, acts, materials, devices, articles and the like in this specification is included solely for the purpose of providing a context for the present invention. It is not suggested or represented that any of these matters formed part of the prior art base or were common general knowledge in the field relevant to the present invention as it existed in Australia or elsewhere before the priority date of each claim of this application.
Using gravity for moving heating, circulating and ventilating air is a simple technique that has been a well understood and practiced for more than 100 years. Hot air is less dense than cold air and will therefore tend to rise while cooler air tends to settle. However, the force produced in this way is very slight, and is easily overcome by friction in ducts and by wind pressure around a building. A gravity ventilation system is simpler than a forced air system, requires no skilled attention, and is less expensive to install. Widespread use of gravity heating air and water systems ended mainly because such systems:
1. were difficult to install requiring large ducts and many penetrations through floor slabs etc.; and
2. their installation required experienced engineers who could assess a building's suitability for a gravity heating systems.
Historically, the advantages of gravity heating and circulation made it particularly advantageous for houses, small school buildings, churches, halls, etc., where a heat source may be placed near the bases of a warm air duct and where air flow resistance is low. However, unseparated air ducts in a gravity ventilation system often become inefficient due to stagnation if the duct's wall becomes exposed to cooler surrounding or adjacent air that induces downdrafts within the duct which collide with rising warmer air. Gravity air ducts that allow air to circulate simultaneously in opposite directions require very large cross-sections like an air well in multistory buildings. Also, it has been thought that using gravity for ventilation is more expensive than a fan because the amount of thermal energy required to produce a significant draft or air velocity through a duct greatly exceeds the electrical energy required to power a fan. Gravity air circulation may exhibit difficulty in moving hot air into certain rooms in a building during windy weather.
Gravity air circulation may exhibit difficulty in moving hot air into certain rooms in a building during windy weather.
BRIEF SUMMARYThe present disclosure provides an improved cooling system and, by way of example, an improved ventilation duct.
Another potential advantage of the present disclosure is that in one alternative embodiment it allows drawing via a drain tap collected rainwater as a backup for supplementary or emergency domestic water supply.
Another potential advantage of the present disclosure is that where in one alternative embodiment where the water pan is filled from the Municipal Water Mains thru a Float Valve (not illustrated in any of the figures), the present disclosure essentially combines the functions of a domestic water reservoir tank and a building cooler into one compact cost efficient device.
In one aspect, the invention resides in a cooling system including a ventilator adapted for inclusion in a building for exchanging atmosphere between parts of the building at differing heights thereof, the ventilator comprising:
a. an outer conduit adapted for being juxtaposed with at least a portion of the building, the portion being selected from a group consisting of:
-
- i. a roof;
- ii. a floor; and
- iii. a wall, and
the outer conduit having a length that extends from an upper end thereof downward to a lower end thereof;
b. an inner conduit extending substantially along the entire length of the outer conduit; and
c. one or more cooling tubes extending along the inner conduit,
wherein the one or more cooling tubes are connected to a pan and have a fluid therein.
In another aspect, the invention resides in a coaxial ventilator adapted for inclusion in a building for exchanging atmosphere between parts of the building at differing heights thereof, the coaxial ventilator includes:
a. an outer conduit adapted for being juxtaposed with at least a portion the building selected from a group consisting of:
-
- i. a roof;
- ii. a floor; and
- iii. a wall, and
the outer conduit has a length that extends from an upper end thereof downward to a lower end thereof; and
b. an inner conduit that extending substantially along the entire length of the outer conduit and located near the upper end of the outer conduit,
both the outer conduit and the inner conduit being open to atmosphere surrounding the coaxial ventilator and configured to allow airflow therethrough to be reversed, whereby responsive to temperatures of atmosphere both surrounding and within the outer conduit and the inner conduit simultaneously:
i. atmosphere about the upper end of the outer conduit enters into one (1) of two (2) conduits selected from a group consisting of:
-
- a. the outer conduit; and
- b. the inner conduit; and
ii. atmosphere within the coaxial ventilator exits into atmosphere about the upper end of the outer conduit from one (1) of two (2) conduits selected from a group consisting of:
-
- a. the inner conduit; and
- b. the outer conduit.
In a further aspect, the invention resides in a coaxial ventilator adapted for inclusion in a building for exchanging atmosphere between parts of the building at differing heights thereof, the coaxial ventilator comprising:
a. an outer conduit adapted for being juxtaposed with at least a portion the building, the portion being selected from a group consisting of:
-
- i. a roof;
- ii. a floor; and
- iii. a wall, and
the outer conduit having a length that extends from an upper end thereof downward to a lower end thereof; and
b. an inner conduit extending substantially along the entire length of the outer conduit with an upper end located near the upper end of the outer conduit, the outer conduit having at least one (1) hole formed therethrough for allowing an exchange of air between the outer conduit and the building in at least one (1) location along the length of the outer conduit,
both the outer conduit and the inner conduit being open to atmosphere surrounding the coaxial ventilator and configured to allow airflow therethrough to be reversed, whereby responsive to temperatures of atmosphere both surrounding and within the outer conduit and the inner conduit simultaneously:
i. atmosphere about the upper end of the outer conduit enters into one (1) of two (2) conduits selected from a group consisting of:
-
- A. the outer conduit; and
- B. the inner conduit; and
ii. atmosphere within the coaxial ventilator exits into atmosphere about the upper end of the outer conduit from one (1) of two (2) conduits selected from a group consisting of:
-
- A. the inner conduit; and
- B. the outer conduit.
In yet another aspect, the invention resides in a coaxial ventilator adapted for inclusion in a building for exchanging atmosphere between parts of the building, at differing heights thereof, the coaxial ventilator comprising:
a. an outer conduit adapted for being juxtaposed with at least a portion the building, the portion being selected from a group consisting of:
-
- i. a roof;
- ii. a floor; and
- iii. a wall, and
the outer conduit having a length that extends from an upper end thereof downward to a lower end thereof; and
b. an inner conduit extending substantially along the entire length of the outer conduit with an upper end located near the upper end of the outer conduit, both the outer conduit and the inner conduit being open at the respective upper ends and lower ends thereof and configured to allow airflow therethrough to be reversed, whereby responsive to temperatures of atmosphere both surrounding and within the outer conduit and the inner conduit simultaneously:
i. atmosphere about the upper end of the outer conduit enters into one (1) of two (2) conduits selected from a group consisting of:
-
- A. the outer conduit; and
- B. the inner conduit; and
ii. atmosphere within the coaxial ventilator exists into atmosphere about the upper end of the outer conduit from one (1) of two (2) conduits selected from a group consisting of:
-
- A. the inner conduit; and
- B. the outer conduit.
While the improved gravity ventilation duct is disclosed in the context of being installed in a building, the ventilator is also useful for ventilating tunnels, underground shelters, mineshafts, and the like.
These and other features, objects and advantages will be understood or apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art from the following detailed description of the preferred embodiment as illustrated in the various drawing figures.
-
- 1. a roof 32;
- 2. a ceiling 34 of a warm upper story room 36; and
- 3. a floor 38 of the room 36.
The roof 32, the ceiling 34 and the floor 38 are all respective portions of the building 22. As depicted in
-
- 1. an upper interior wall 52a;
- 2. a lower interior wall 52b;
- 3. a floor 54 for the room 46 for which the floor 38 of the upper room 36 also provides a ceiling;
- 4. an upper exterior wall 56a; and
- 5. a lower exterior wall 56b.
The coaxial ventilator 20 also includes an inner conduit 62 made of a thermally insulative material which may be flexible and/or corrugated that is:
-
- 1. surrounded by the outer conduit 24;
- 2. extends substantially along the entire length of the outer conduit 24; and
- 3. is pierced by a plurality of holes 63 at locations 64a, 64b and 64c where transitions occur in temperature about the outer conduit 24.
An upper end 66 of the inner conduit 62 is preferably located slightly below the top of the flared upper end 42 of the outer conduit 24. Preferably, a lower end 68 of the inner conduit 62 is similarly recessed slightly above the lower end 44 of the outer conduit 24. Consequently, the inner conduit 62 has a slightly shorter length than that of the outer conduit 24.
As depicted most clearly in
While
If the inner conduit 62 is insecurely positioned within the outer conduit 24 and the coaxial ventilator 20 is inclined, the inner conduit 62 may sag or hang against a lower wall of the outer conduit 24. Under such a circumstance, inner conduit 62 may contact the outer conduit 24 but because the inner conduit 62 is thermally insulated, i.e. does not conduct heat well, and contact area is small, little heat will be transferred from the outer conduit 24 to the inner conduit 62 thereby preserving a temperature difference between the outer and inner conduits 24, 62. Accordingly, the coaxial ventilator 20 works regardless of whether the inner conduit 62 is at the exact center of the outer conduit 24 or displaced to one side thereof.
In fact, displacing the inner conduit 62 greatly to one side of the outer conduit 24 lowers airflow resistance between the outer and inner conduits 24, 62. Displacing the inner conduit 62 to one side of the outer conduit 24 forces most of the airflow between the outer and inner conduits 24, 62 into a more cohesive “fat” crescent cross-sectional shape, with the major portion of the air flow occurring in the “fat” center of the crescent. If most of the air flow occurs in the “fat” center of the crescent, the air flow more nearly approximates that of an ideal circular cross sectional shape. Approaching more nearly to an ideal circular cross sectional air flow minimizes friction with the outer and inner conduits 24, 62 in comparison with the thinner, strictly perfectly annular shape of airflow along the annularly shaped space 72 having the same cross-sectional area. To reduce friction due to stagnant “dead” space at the sharp “horned” ends of a crescent cross-sectional shape near where the inner conduit 62 contacts the outer conduit 24, the cross-sectional area between the outer and inner conduits 24, 62 can be increased to be slightly larger than the cross-sectional area of the inner conduit 62.
As depicted in
The outer conduit 24 of the coaxial ventilator 20 is highly heat absorbent and heat radiative such as being fabricated with a matt black absorptive and radiative surface. The inner conduit 62 is preferably made of heat insulating material. A length of the coaxial ventilator 20 passing through a warmer area of the building 22, such as the room 36 in
At a location along the length of the coaxial ventilator 20 where rising warmer air within the annularly shaped space 72 meets descending cooler air within the annularly shaped space 72 such as at the location 64b, an exchange of air occurs between the annularly shaped space 72 and the inner conduit 62 with:
1. cooler descending air flowing through the holes 63 piercing the inner conduit 62 at the location 64b into the inner conduit 62; and
2. warmer rising air flowing through the holes 63 piercing the inner conduit 62 at the location 64b into the inner conduit 62.
After flowing from the annularly shaped space 72 into the inner conduit 62, the descending cooler air continues descending within the inner conduit 62 below the location 64b while the rising warmer air continues rising within the inner conduit 62 above the location 64b. As depicted in
The locations 64a, 64b and 64c where holes 63 pierce the inner conduit 62 promote formation of transition zones inside the coaxial ventilator 20 where air flowing in the annularly shaped space 72 may enter into the inner conduit 62 and conversely. There exists a tendency for exchanges of air to occur between the annularly shaped space 72 and the inner conduit 62 where the coaxial ventilator 20 passes through the exterior of the building 22 such as at the roof 32. A tendency exists for flow exchanges of air wherever a change in temperature occurs along the length of the coaxial ventilator 20, i.e. where the coaxial ventilator 20 passes from one thermal environment to another thermal environment.
The cover 82 of the coaxial ventilator 20 may be advantageously configured for evaporatively cooling air entering the flared upper end 42 of the outer conduit 24 by including at the bottom thereof, spaced a distance above the flared upper end 42 of the outer conduit 24, a water filled pan 84. The cover 82 preferably also includes a mesh 86 that spans between peripheries of the pan 84 and a dish-shaped top lid 88. Preferably the lid 88 is opaque and reflective to reduce solar heating. The mesh 86 prevents insects from entering the space between the pan 84 and the lid 88 while permitting atmosphere about the flared upper end 42 of the outer conduit 24 to circulate therethrough. A depression 89 in the lid 88, preferably at the center thereof, with a drip hole 90 formed therethrough, best illustrated in
In the illustration of
As depicted in
Referring back to
Rotation of the turbine 102 by hotter air impinging upon the outer turbine blades 106 rotates the inner turbine blades 104 thereby drawing cooler air into the inner conduit 62 to thereby increase the natural descent of cooler air within the inner conduit 62 and compress air within the room 46. After air flow within the coaxial ventilator 20 becomes stable for instance during daytime, the increased flow rates produced by solar heating will be sufficient to overcome any slight back pressure due to increased air pressure within the room 46.
Daytime power production efficiency may be increased by including a non return valve, not illustrated in
While less preferred and not illustrated in
Alternatively, if electricity is supplied to the turbines 102 rather than being drawn therefrom, then the turbines 102 can be used advantageously for boosting air flow through the coaxial ventilator 20.
Another aspect of coaxial ventilator 20 is illustrated in
An alternative embodiment of a cooling system in the form of coaxial ventilator 20 depicted in
-
- 1. water evaporating from a pan 84 located at the top of the coaxial ventilator 20; and
- 2. air within the coaxial ventilator 20 about the liquid-filled thermosyphon cooling tube 124.
In the embodiment depicted in
Adding a liquid-filled thermosyphon cooling tube 124 that includes a perforated inner return tube, such as that described in U.S. Pat. No. 6,014,968 and hereby incorporated by reference as though fully set forth here, to the coaxial ventilator 20 depicted in
-
- 1. extending further downward beneath a lower end of the inner conduit 62; and
- 2. having an enlarged lower end that forms a bulb tank 182.
As depicted in
As also illustrated in the embodiment of the coaxial ventilator 20 depicted in
In hot climates during daytime, drawing water from the outlet pipe 196 at the top of the pan 84 enables supplying preheated warm water:
-
- 1. for household use; or
- 2. to a household's water heater.
Moreover, cooler refill water entering the pan 84 through the inlet float valve 192 lowers the temperature of water in the pan 84 thereby maintaining cooling efficiency of the water pan 84. Otherwise, on hot afternoons excess heat collected in the water pan 84 may not be dissipated quickly enough thru evaporation. The presence of a warm water layer in the water pan 84 may reduce evaporative cooling of the water due to mixing of water cooled by evaporation sinking below the water's surface.
As depicted in
Similarly, when excess cool water is present in the bulb tank 182 the heat exchanger coil 206 may be used for precooling a household air conditioner's refrigerant before it enters the conditioner's compressor or condenser not depicted in any of the figures. Within the coaxial ventilator 20, water heated in this way rises through the cooling tube 124 to the pan 84 where it may heat fluid flowing through the heat exchanger coil 202. Heat transferred in this way from the bulb tank 182 to the pan 84 reduces energy consumed by a household's air conditioner and water heater.
The coaxial ventilator 20 depicted in
However, holding a sufficient quantity of water both for daytime cooling needs, particularly to store nighttime cooling capacity, and for providing sufficient evaporative heat exchange surface area, requires a quite large, heavy and unwieldy water-filled pan 84 that is located above a building's roof. Frequently, without a large pan 84 there is insufficient thermal storage capacity to extend nighttime “coolness” well into the afternoons, and insufficient heat exchange area to transfer heat into air descending down into the coaxial ventilator 20.
If a coaxial ventilator 20 is being used for supplying water to the building 22, the drain tap 128 may connect to the cooling tube 124 at any height along the length of the cooling tube 124. As those skilled in the art will recognize, connecting the drain tap 128 to the cooling tube 124 higher along the cooling tube 124 nearer to the pan 84 reduces the water pressure at the drain tap 128 in comparison with water pressure at a drain tap 128 connected to the cooling tube 124 lower along the cooling tube 124 nearer to the bulb tank 182. The location of the drain tap 128 along the length of the cooling tube 124 also affects the temperature of water drawn from the drain tap 128. During daytime, water drawn from a drain tap 128 connected to the cooling tube 124 higher along the cooling tube 124 nearer to the pan 84 will, in general, be warmer than water drawn from a drain tap 128 connected to the cooling tube 124 lower along the cooling tube 124 nearer to the bulb tank 182. During daytime, the warmest water may be drawn from a drain tap 128 located nearest to the pan 84. In a hot climate, to preserve cold water stored overnight undisturbed at the bottom of the bulb tank 182 for cooling the building 22, it is advantageous to avoid drawing water from the drain tap 186 but rather to draw water from a drain tap 128 located at an intermediate height along the cooling tube 124.
-
- 1. preferably has a circular cross-section;
- 2. preferably is made of copper or similarly high thermal conductivity material to enhance heat exchange between liquids filling the tube 132 and the cooling tube 124; and
- 3. may be flexible, finned or corrugated.
The tube 132 establishes an annularly shaped space 134 around the cooling tube 124 that is preferably filled with oil 138 or other liquid having a specific heat greater than that of water. In this way liquid filling the annularly shaped space 134 being in close thermal heat exchange contact with the cooling tube 124 increases thermal storage capacity of the coaxial ventilator 20.
As illustrated by dashed lines in
In this way the thermosyphon cooling tube coaxial ventilator 20 depicted in
-
- 1. permits using a smaller diameter water-filled pan 84; and
- 2. further increases the cooling storage capacity of the coaxial ventilator 20.
Furthermore, the thermosyphon cooling tube coaxial ventilator 20 depicted in
While the cooling tube preferably is a thermosyphon cooling tube 124, the inner return tube included in a thermosyphon cooling tube 124 may be omitted although this reduces cooling tube efficiency. If the return tube of the cooling tube 124 is omitted, then its outer tube must:
-
- 1. have a larger diameter than that of the cooling tube 124 if the cooling tube is to achieve the same amount of heat transfer; or
- 2. if of the same outer diameter as the cooling tube 124, have a shorter length than that of the thermosyphon cooling tube 124 and can provide only a lesser amount of heat transfer due to stagnation inefficiencies and inversion layer formation that results from the tube's smaller diameter.
In yet another alternative embodiment of the coaxial ventilator 20 depicted in
-
- 1. rain water collected through the lid 88; or
- 2. water from a piped supply controlled by a float valve (not illustrated in any of the figures).
In the configuration depicted in
The oil chosen for use in the alternative embodiment depicted in
-
- 1. must be immiscible in water;
- 2. must be heavier than water;
- 3. should not evaporate at room temperatures;
- 4. should remain liquid and free flowing at room and ambient temperatures; and
- 5. have a much higher specific heat capacity than water.
For such an oil, water in the pan 84 floating on the oil and cooled by evaporation sinks and contacts the oil to thereby cool the oil below.
Layering water for evaporation above oil, with oil extending down into the thermosyphon cooling tube 124 including the inner return tube, increases the cooling capacity of the cooling tube 124 by:
-
- 1. using oil to store the “coolness;” while
- 2. still permitting the water to evaporate and cool the oil below.
And this is done without incurring additional structural cost of a double walled pan 84 and/or a double walled cooling tube as was shown in
The illustrations of
Referring now to
-
- 1. above the roof 32 of the building 22; and
- 2. at a ceiling 34 within the building 22 through which the coaxial ventilator 20 passes.
Encircling the outer conduit 24 with the collar flanges 142 establishes an open, annularly shaped space 144 between the outer conduit 24 and the roof 32 and ceiling 34 respectively about the coaxial ventilator 20. The annularly shaped spaces 144 facilitate ventilating spaces within the building 22 both below and above each of the collar flanges 142.
At the roof 32, attached to a hole through the roof 32, the collar flange 142 includes a collar flashing 152 that extends upward a distance above the roof 32 sufficient to impede rainwater from splashing from the roof 32 into the annularly shaped space 144. Because the upper end of the collar flashing 152 is smaller in diameter than the pan 84, the upper opening of the collar flashing 152 about the outer conduit 24 is inherently somewhat shielded from the entry of rainwater. Where the coaxial ventilator 20 penetrates the ceiling 34, the collar flange 142 includes an open annular collar 156 that passes through the ceiling 34 and extends a short distance above and below the ceiling 34.
The upper end of the collar flange 142 extending above the roof 32 preferably includes flap shutters 162 that may be closed both to block airflow through the collar flange 142 and the entry of rainwater thereinto. Correspondingly, the collar flange 142 extending through the ceiling 34 preferably includes dampeners 166 that may be rotated to a closed position to block airflow through the collar flange 142.
Both collar flanges 142 respectively located at the roof 32 and at the ceiling 34 when open provide additional ventilation that reduces any build up or stagnation of warm air about the coaxial ventilator 20 at the roof 32 and the ceiling 34. Including the collar flanges 142 about the coaxial ventilator 20 advantageously keeps the immediate vicinity of the coaxial ventilator 20 cooler thereby improving its efficiency in transferring cool air from the pan 84 to the room 36 below without the air becoming unduly heated.
As illustrated in
The cooling tubes 124, 126 bias the flow in the inner conduit 62 in a downwards manner when the cooling tubes 124, 126 are sufficiently cooler than the outer conduit 24. On this basis, if the water in the cooling tubes 124, 126 is not of sufficiently lower temperature to influence or bias the air flow in the conduits, the influence of the cooling tubes 124, 126 is less effective. Accordingly, the air flows are reversible based upon temperature differential horizontally across the coaxial ventilator.
In a similar manner to the ventilator 20 in
The cooling tubes 124, 126 of the embodiment shown in
With the above in mind, an advantage of offsetting the inner conduit 62 and cooling tubes 124, 126 from the ceiling 34 is that the cool downward flowing air can be focused in areas where it is most needed. By way of example, cool air entering high ceiling rooms may result in cool air dissipating before it reaches a suitable area to cool patrons of a building. On this basis, by offsetting the inner conduit 62 and cooling tubes 124, 126 from the ceiling 34 and extending them into to a suitable area in the room (e.g., 2.5 metres above the floor), the cooling effect in the room 36 may be more effective.
Furthermore, the embodiment shown in
The cooling system 21′″ shown in
Although the present invention has been described in terms of the presently preferred embodiment, it is to be understood that such disclosure is purely illustrative and is not to be interpreted as limiting. Consequently, without departing from the spirit and scope of the disclosure, various alterations, modifications, and/or alternative applications of the disclosure will, no doubt, be suggested to those skilled in the art after having read the preceding disclosure. Accordingly, it is intended that the following claims be interpreted as encompassing all alterations, modifications, or alternative applications as fall within the true spirit and scope of the disclosure.
It is to be understood that, throughout the description and claims of the specification, the word “comprise” and variations of the word, such as “comprising” and “comprises”, is not intended to exclude other additives, components, integers or steps.
Claims
1. A cooling system including a ventilator adapted for inclusion in a building for exchanging atmosphere between parts of the building at differing heights thereof, the ventilator comprising:
- a. an outer conduit adapted for being juxtaposed with at least a portion of the building, the portion being selected from a group consisting of: i. a roof; ii. a floor; and iii. a wall, and the outer conduit having a length that extends from an upper end thereof downward to a lower end thereof;
- b. an inner conduit extending substantially along the entire length of the outer conduit; and
- c. one or more cooling tubes extending along the inner conduit,
- wherein the one or more cooling tubes are connected to a pan and have a fluid therein.
2. The cooling system of claim 1, wherein the inner conduit extends beyond the outer conduit and is offset from the portion of the building such that it terminates in a room.
3. The cooling system of claim 1, wherein the one or more cooling tubes extends along an inner portion of the inner conduit.
4. The cooling system of claim 1, wherein the one or more cooling tubes extend below an end of the inner conduit.
5. The cooling system of claim 1, wherein at least part of the ventilator is configured to support additional equipment.
6. The cooling system of claim 5, wherein the additional equipment is selected from the group consisting of lighting, fans, displays and combinations thereof.
7. The cooling system of claim 1, wherein the inner conduit has at least one hole formed therethrough for allowing an exchange of air.
8. The cooling system of claim 1, wherein the upper end of the outer conduit is locatable above the roof of the building, and the ventilator further comprises a cover disposed above the upper end of the outer conduit that occludes upper ends both of the outer conduit and of the inner conduit, thereby preventing precipitation from entering thereinto while simultaneously permitting atmosphere to enter thereinto.
9. The cooling system of claim 8, wherein the cover includes mesh that spans between peripheries of the pan and a lid for:
- i. barring entry of insects into the cover, while
- ii. permitting atmosphere to circulate therethrough,
- whereby volatile liquid in the pan evaporatively cools atmosphere entering the coaxial ventilator.
10. The cooling system claim 1, wherein the outer conduit is configured to use a cavity to assist in moving air flow.
11. The cooling system of claim 10, wherein the cavity is in the form of a roof cavity in the building.
12. The cooling system of claim 1, wherein at least one of the one or more cooling tubes is semi-permeable, thereby providing a surface area thereon for evaporation cooling.
13. The cooling system of claim 1, wherein the pan is semi-permeable, thereby providing a surface area thereon for evaporation cooling.
14. The cooling system of claim 1, wherein (i) at least one of the one or more cooling tubes is semi-permeable, and (ii) the pan is semi-permeable, thereby providing a surface area thereon for evaporation cooling.
15. A cooling system for inclusion in a building, the cooling system comprising:
- one or more cooling tubes that are configured to be supported by a roof and extend therethrough into a building space;
- a pan supported by the one or more cooling tubes, the pan being configured to receive a fluid therein that assists in providing fluid to the one or more cooling tubes,
- wherein thermosiphon cooling of the fluid in the one or more cooling tubes assists in cooling the building space.
16. The cooling system of claim 15, wherein the one or more cooling conduits are configured in a manner that they are sufficiently cooled to assist in moving air down the inner conduit.
17. The cooling system of claim 15, wherein at least one of the one or more cooling tubes is semi-permeable for providing a surface area thereon for evaporation cooling.
18. The cooling system of claim 15, wherein the pan is semi-permeable for providing a surface area thereon for evaporation cooling.
19. The cooling system of claim 15, wherein (i) at least one of the one or more cooling tubes is semi-permeable, and (ii) the pan is semi-permeable, thereby providing a surface area thereon for evaporation cooling.
20. The cooling system of claim 15, wherein:
- a. the one or more cooling tubes and a lower portion of the pan is filled with a liquid that is: i immiscible in water; and ii. heavier than water; and
- b. water fills a portion of the pan above the liquid.
21. The cooling system of claim 15, further comprising at least one of a vertical axis exhaust wind turbine and an exhaust fan, wherein the vertical axis exhaust wind turbine or exhaust fan is used to accelerate the air flow over the pan to increase its cooling efficiency.
22. The cooling system of claim 15, further comprising an evaporative cooling mat suspended above and partially submerged in the pan.
23. The cooling system of claim 22, wherein the evaporative cooling mat is wetted by way of spraying by pumps.
24. The cooling system of claim 15, further comprising a cooling module partially submergible in water held in the pan when the pan is full, the cooling module condensing atmospheric water vapor into water droplets, thereby filling the water pan, and directly cooling the water in the pan when the pan is full.
25. The cooling system of claim 15, further comprising photovoltaic cells for providing power to one or more devices of the cooling system.
26. The cooling system of claim 15, wherein the fluid is open to atmospheric pressure.
Type: Application
Filed: Jun 22, 2018
Publication Date: May 23, 2019
Inventor: Siang Teik Teoh (Selangor)
Application Number: 16/015,425