METAL CONTACTLESS TRANSACTION CARD
A transaction card for communicating data relating to a transaction may include a metal layer; a backing layer; and/or a radio frequency (RF) antenna layer positioned between the metal layer and the backing layer, where the RF antenna layer includes an RF antenna that may facilitate communicating the data relating to the transaction wirelessly via an RF signal, and the metal layer includes a plurality of holes to limit eddy currents in the metal layer to a threshold density, where the plurality of holes may extend from a top surface of the metal layer to a bottom surface of the metal layer, and the eddy currents may be caused by the RF signal.
This application is a continuation-in-part of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 15/910,754, filed Mar. 2, 2018; which is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 15/687,236, filed Aug. 25, 2017 and issued as U.S. Pat. No. 9,940,571, the disclosures of which are incorporated herein by reference.
BACKGROUNDContactless transactions involve use of transaction cards (e.g., a credit card, a debit card, a gift card, an automated teller machine (ATM) card, a rewards card or client loyalty card, and/or the like) and/or devices (e.g., a smart transaction card, a smartphone, and/or the like) in transactions to pay for products or services at transaction terminals (e.g., point of sale (PoS) terminals) of individuals or businesses engaged in the sale of goods or services without a need for the transaction cards or devices to contact the transaction terminals (e.g., via a swipe of a card reader or an insertion into a chip reader). In some instances, radio frequency (RF) antennas and/or radio frequency identification (RFID) tags may be included in contactless transaction cards to provide identification information associated with the transaction cards (e.g., an account identifier, account information, a payment token, and/or the like). Accordingly, consumers may utilize the transaction cards or devices with an RF antenna and/or RFID tag by waving the transaction cards or devices over or near contactless transaction terminals to pay the individuals or businesses.
SUMMARYAccording to some implementations, a transaction card for communicating data relating to a transaction may include a metal layer, a backing layer, and/or a radio frequency (RF) antenna layer positioned between the metal layer and the backing layer, where the RF antenna layer includes an RF antenna that may facilitate communicating the data relating to the transaction wirelessly via an RF signal, and the metal layer includes a plurality of holes to limit eddy currents in the metal layer to a threshold density, where the plurality of holes may extend from a top surface of the metal layer to a bottom surface of the metal layer, and the eddy currents may be caused by the RF signal.
According to some implementations, transaction card for communicating data relating to a transaction, the transaction card may include a first metal layer comprising a first plurality of holes to limit eddy currents in the first metal layer to a first threshold density, where the first plurality of holes extending from a top surface of the first metal layer to a bottom surface of the first metal layer; a second metal layer comprising a second plurality of holes to limit eddy currents in the second metal layer to a second threshold density, where the second plurality of holes extending from a top surface of the second metal layer to a bottom surface of the second metal layer; and a radio frequency (RF) antenna layer positioned between the first metal layer and the second metal layer, where the RF antenna layer includes an RF antenna to facilitate communicating the data relating to the transaction wirelessly via an RF signal, and where the eddy currents in the first metal layer or the eddy currents in the second metal layer may be caused by the RF signal.
According to some implementations, a transaction card for communicating data relating to a transaction, the transaction card may include a metal layer; a backing layer; and/or a radio frequency (RF) antenna layer positioned between the metal layer and the backing layer, where the RF antenna layer includes an RF antenna to facilitate communicating the data relating to the transaction wirelessly via an RF signal, where the metal layer comprises a plurality of holes to limit eddy currents in the metal layer to a threshold density, where the plurality of holes may from a top surface of the metal layer to a bottom surface of the metal layer, where a first subset of the plurality of holes that overlap the RF antenna are positioned more densely than a second subset of the plurality of holes that do not overlap the RF antenna, and where the eddy currents may be caused by the RF signal.
The following detailed description of example implementations refers to the accompanying drawings. The same reference numbers in different drawings may identify the same or similar elements.
Transaction cards may be used to facilitate transactions at transaction terminals (e.g., point of sale (PoS) terminals, automated teller machine (ATM) terminals, access terminals (e.g., locking mechanisms for gates, doors, rooms, etc.), reward redemption terminals, and/or the like). Transaction cards may include components to enable contactless transactions. In many instances, transaction cards, which are capable of contactless transaction, are comprised primarily of plastic. The plastic causes little to no interference to the communication of data when performing a contactless action to communicate data to a transaction terminal (e.g., waving the transaction card). Recently, however, transaction cards are being made out of metal (e.g., a pure metal or metal alloy) or at least include a metal layer. In some instances, consumers may prefer metal transaction cards over plastic transaction cards because the metal transaction cards may be more durable and/or may have more desirable aesthetics (e.g., appearance, feel, etc.). However, the metal or metal layers in the transaction card may cause interference with radio frequency (RF) signals used in contactless transactions. For example, the metal layers may cause dense eddy currents to form from the RF signals, which prevents the RF antenna and/or contactless transaction terminal from providing and/or receiving data associated with the transaction card or a transaction. As used herein, a transaction may refer to an exchange of information or data (e.g., providing an access code or security key, providing account information, and/or the like), redeeming rewards or client loyalty rewards, earning rewards, an exchange or transfer of funds (e.g., a payment for goods or services), and/or the like.
Some implementations, disclosed herein, provide a transaction card with one or more metal layers that is capable of contactless transaction (i.e., a metal contactless transaction card). In some implementations, one or more metal layers of the transaction card may include a plurality of holes to lessen a density of eddy currents formed from an RF signal associated with an RF antenna. In some implementations, the plurality of holes may be configured to be located in the one or more metal layers corresponding to a location of the RF antenna in an RF antenna layer of the transaction card. According to some implementations, the plurality of holes may be configured in the one or more metal layers of the transaction card to maintain a threshold stiffness of the metal card and, thus, have a similar structural integrity as a standard metal transaction card. Accordingly, example implementations herein may enable a consumer to utilize contactless transaction with a metal card that may have substantially the same aesthetics (e.g., same appearance and/or same feel) and/or structural integrity as a standard metal transaction card.
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Transaction card 210 includes a transaction card with a metal layer containing a plurality of holes. Transaction card 210 is capable of storing and/or communicating data for a PoS transaction with transaction terminal 220. For example, transaction card 210 may store or communicate data including account information (e.g., an account identifier, a cardholder identifier, etc.), expiration information of transaction card 210, banking information, transaction information (e.g., a payment token), and/or the like. For example, to store or communicate the data, transaction card 210 may include a magnetic strip and/or an integrated circuit (IC) chip (e.g., a EUROPAY®, MASTERCARD®, VISA® (EMV) chip). Transaction card 210 may include an antenna to communicate data associated with transaction card 210. The antenna may be a passive RF antenna, an active RF antenna, and/or a battery-assisted RF antenna. In some implementations, transaction card 210 may be a smart transaction card, capable of communicating wirelessly (e.g., via Bluetooth, Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE), and/or the like) with a computing device, such as a smartphone, a digital wallet, and/or other device.
Transaction terminal 220 includes one or more devices capable of receiving, generating, storing, processing, and/or providing information associated with facilitating a transaction (a PoS transaction). For example, transaction terminal 220 may include a communication device and/or computing device capable of receiving data from transaction card 210 and/or processing a transaction based on the data. In some implementations, transaction terminal 220 may include a desktop computer, a laptop computer, a tablet computer, a handheld computer, and/or a mobile phone (e.g., a smart phone, a radiotelephone, etc.). Transaction terminal 220 may be owned and/or operated by one or more individuals or businesses engaged in a sale of goods or services (e.g., one or more merchants, vendors, service providers, and/or the like).
Transaction terminal 220 may include one or more devices to facilitate processing a transaction via transaction card 210. Transaction terminal 220 may include a PoS terminal, a security access terminal, an ATM terminal, and/or the like. Transaction terminal 220 may include one or more input devices and/or output devices to facilitate obtaining transaction card data from transaction card 210 and/or interaction or authorization from a cardholder of transaction card 210. Example input devices of transaction terminal 220 may include a number keypad, a touchscreen, a magnetic strip reader, a chip reader, and/or an RF signal reader. A magnetic strip reader of transaction terminal 220 may receive transaction card data as a magnetic strip of transaction card 210 is swiped along the magnetic strip reader. A chip reader of transaction terminal 220 may receive transaction card data from an IC chip (e.g., an EMV chip) of transaction card 210 when the chip is placed in contact with the chip reader. An RF signal reader of transaction terminal 220 may enable contactless transactions from transaction card 210 by obtaining transaction card data wirelessly from transaction card 210 as transaction card 210 comes within a range of transaction terminal 220 that the RF signal reader may detect an RF signal from an RF antenna of transaction card 210. Example output devices of transaction terminal 220 may include a display device, a speaker, a printer, and/or the like.
Network 230 includes one or more wired and/or wireless networks. For example, network 230 may include a cellular network (e.g., a long-term evolution (LTE) network, a code division multiple access (CDMA) network, a 3G network, a 4G network, a 5G network, another type of next generation network, etc.), a public land mobile network (PLMN), a local area network (LAN), a wide area network (WAN), a metropolitan area network (MAN), a telephone network (e.g., the Public Switched Telephone Network (PSTN)), a private network, an ad hoc network, an intranet, the Internet, a fiber optic-based network, a cloud computing network, and/or the like, and/or a combination of these or other types of networks.
Transaction backend 240 includes one or more devices capable of authorizing and/or facilitating a transaction. For example, transaction backend 240 may include one or more servers and/or computers to store and/or provide information (e.g., authorizations, balances, payment tokens, security information, account information, and/or the like) associated with processing a transaction via transaction terminal 220.
Transaction backend 240 may include one or more devices associated with banks and/or transaction card associations that authorize the transaction and/or facilitate a transfer of funds or payments between an account of a cardholder of transaction card 210 and an account of an individual or business of transaction terminal 220. For example, transaction backend 240 may include one or more devices of one or more issuing banks associated with a cardholder of transaction card 210, one or more devices of one or more acquiring banks (or merchant banks) associated with transaction terminal 220, and/or one or more devices associated with one or more card associations (e.g., VISA®, MASTERCARD®, and/or the like) associated with transaction card 210. Accordingly, in response to receiving transaction card data associated with transaction card 210 from transaction terminal 220, various banking institutions and/or card associations of transaction backend 240 may communicate to authorize the transaction and/or transfer funds between the accounts associated with transaction card 210 and/or transaction terminal 220.
Transaction backend 240 may include one or more devices associated with security that may provide or deny authorization associated with the transaction. For example, transaction backend 240 may store and/or provide security access information that may or may not allow access through an access point (e.g., a gate, a door, and/or the like) of a secure location (e.g., a room, a building, an geographical area, a transportation terminal, and/or the like) based on information (e.g., account information, a key, an identifier, credentials, and/or the like) associated with transaction card 210 and/or provided by transaction terminal 220.
Transaction backend 240 may include one or more devices associated with a rewards program with transaction card 210 and/or an entity (e.g., a bank, a merchant, a service provider, a vendor, and/or the like) associated with the transaction card 210 and/or transaction terminal 220 and/or an entity associated with transaction terminal 220. For example, transaction backend 240 may authorize the earning and/or redemption of rewards (e.g., rewards points associated with transaction card 210, cash rewards, client loyalty rewards associated with an entity associated with transaction terminal 220, and/or the like) based on a transaction processed by transaction terminal 220 with transaction card 210.
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In some implementations, a threshold percentage (e.g., 50%, 80%, 100%, and/or the like) of the holes may include a dielectric. For example, the holes may be partially or entirely filled with a dielectric. More specifically, the holes may be filled with a nonconductive material such that a surface of the material in the holes is on plane (within a tolerance range) with the top surface of the metal layer. In some implementations, an identification film may be included over the top surface of the metal layer. For example, the identification film may include identification information associated with the transaction card, such as a cardholder's name, an account number, an expiration date, a bank identifier, a card association identifier, and/or the like. Accordingly, the identification film may be included and/or added to provide an aesthetic look and indicate information associated with the transaction card.
In some implementations, the holes may be etched and/or drilled into the metal layer of the transaction card of
The holes, in example implementation 300 of
In some implementations, a layout of the holes may be designed based on the layout of the RF antenna and/or RF antenna layer. Such a layout may be designed based on the design or characteristics of the RF antenna (e.g., active, passive, or battery assisted), characteristics of the RF antenna layer, characteristics of the metal layer (e.g., a type of metal, a type of metal alloy, or dimensions of the metal layer), dimensions of the transaction card, and/or the like. In some implementations, the holes may be positioned in a determined optimal layout designed to limit eddy currents to an optimal threshold density (e.g., a density less than the threshold density, such as a lowest possible eddy current density). As used herein, an optimal layout and/or optimal threshold density are considered optimal relative to the design analysis used to design the layout. In some implementations, simulations can be done to determine the optimal layout. For example, the holes can be moved and/or positioned, the eddy currents may then be determined based on the position of the holes and/or the structural integrity of the metal layer (and/or transaction card) may be determined based on the position of the holes. Further, the above may be repeated until an optimal layout of the holes (e.g., a combination of lowest eddy currents and best structural integrity) is found.
In some implementations, the size of the holes and/or the pattern of the holes are configured to maintain the structural integrity of the metal layer and/or the transaction card, while still limiting the eddy currents to a threshold density. Because the metal layer may be the thickest layer of the transaction card, and in some implementations may be the strongest layer of the transaction card, the holes in the metal layer may reduce the structural integrity of the transaction card. For example, larger holes, closer together holes, and/or a greater number of holes may help limit the eddy currents, but at the same time reduce the structural integrity of the transaction card to an extent that may cause the transaction card to fail a standard stiffness test for a standard transaction card. Transaction cards that do not include as thick of a metal layer as described herein do not suffer from this problem. For example, the size, pattern, and number of holes has little to no effect on a transaction card's structural integrity when a thin metal foil layer (e.g., a thickness of less than three thousandth of an inch, less than one thousandth of an inch, or the like) is used instead of the metal layer described herein because such cards rely on other layers (e.g., plastic layers) to provide the required stiffness. Moreover, when a thin metal foil layer is used instead of the metal layer described herein, the amount of holes and/or the size of the holes required to sufficiently limit the eddy currents to a desired threshold density is significantly less than required when more metal is used as in the transaction card described herein. Accordingly, the transaction card with the metal layer described herein solves problems with managing the stiffness of the card and the card's capability of limiting eddy currents that a card without as thick of a metal layer (e.g., a card with a thin metal foil layer) would not encounter.
Accordingly, a transaction card with a metal layer is provided that communicates data relating to a transaction with a transaction terminal (e.g., transaction terminal 220) while limiting eddy currents in the metal layer to a threshold density. Furthermore, some implementations herein maintain structural integrity of the transaction card by positioning a plurality of holes in specified locations (or in a specified pattern) throughout the metal layer.
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In example implementation 500 of
In some implementations, the backing layer holes may or may not be a same size and/or shape as the holes of the metal layer. Additionally, alternatively, the a subset of the backing layers holes may be a same size and/or shape as some of holes of the metal layer and another subset of the backing layer holes may not be the same size and/or shape as some of the holes of the metal layer. Furthermore, a density of the backing layer holes may or may not match a density of the holes of the metal layer. In some implementations, a quantity of the backing layer holes may or may not match a quantity of the holes of the metal layer.
In some implementations, the backing layer may be comprised of a metal material and have a thickness between 12 thousandths of an inch and 18 thousandths of an inch. In some implementations, when the backing layer is comprised of a metal material, the metal layer and the backing layer may each have a thickness between 2 thousandths of an inch and 18 thousandths of an inch. Additionally, or alternatively, when the backing layer is comprised of a metal material, the combined thickness of the metal layer and the backing layer may be between 14 thousandths of an inch and 24 thousandths of an inch. Additionally, when the backing layer is comprised of a metal material, the metal layer and the backing layer may have a same thickness as one another or have different thickness than one another. In this way, the metal layer and the backing layer may both be made of metal and substantially and/or equally contribute to the structural integrity of the transaction card.
Accordingly, the transaction card of example implementation 500 may wirelessly communicate data relating to a transaction while limiting eddy currents in the metal layer and/or in the metal backing layer of the transaction card. Furthermore, the metal backing layer of example implementation 500 may provide additional stiffness and/or increase a structural integrity of the transaction card relative to the backing layer being a plastic or other non-metallic material.
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Furthermore, the holes of example implementation 600 are shown in a specified shape (i.e., a rectangular shape). As shown, the holes may be equidistant from one another in the particular shape. In some implementations, distances between holes in a particular shape may increase or decrease based on a density of the holes within the pattern, though the pattern may maintain the specified shape. In some implementations, the holes of the metal layer may not be evenly distributed. In some implementations, the holes may appear to have a random pattern.
In some implementations, the position of the holes in the metal layer of example implementation 600 may be positioned without regard to the RF antenna area. Accordingly, the layout of the holes may not depend on the layout of the RF antenna and/or the RF antenna layer.
Accordingly, a pattern of holes in a metal layer of a transaction card may enable the transaction card to wirelessly communicate data associated with a transaction with a transaction terminal processing the transaction.
As indicated above,
Accordingly, a pattern of holes in a metal layer that is based on a location of an RF antenna of a transaction card may enable the transaction card to wirelessly communicate data associated with a transaction with a transaction terminal processing the transaction.
As indicated above,
Accordingly, a pattern of holes in a metal layer that is based on a location and/or configuration of an RF antenna of a transaction card may enable the transaction card to wirelessly communicate data associated with a transaction with a transaction terminal processing the transaction.
As indicated above,
Accordingly, a plurality of patterns of holes in a metal layer that are based on a location of an RF antenna of a transaction card may enable the transaction card to wirelessly communicate data associated with a transaction with a transaction terminal processing the transaction.
As indicated above,
According to some implementations herein, a metal, contactless transaction card is provided with a plurality of holes in one or more metal layers of the transaction card. The plurality of holes in the metal layer limit eddy currents in the metal layer to a threshold density. Accordingly, the eddy currents in the metal layer of the transaction card are too weak to interfere with an RF signal used for communicating data associated with the transaction card with a transaction terminal. Furthermore, the plurality of holes may be positioned in a pattern to maintain the aesthetics and structural integrity of the transaction card relative to a metal transaction card that does not include the plurality of holes.
The foregoing disclosure provides illustration and description, but is not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the implementations to the precise form disclosed. Modifications and variations are possible in light of the above disclosure or may be acquired from practice of the implementations.
As used herein, the term component is intended to be broadly construed as hardware, firmware, or a combination of hardware and software.
Some implementations are described herein in connection with thresholds. As used herein, satisfying a threshold may refer to a value being greater than the threshold, more than the threshold, higher than the threshold, greater than or equal to the threshold, less than the threshold, fewer than the threshold, lower than the threshold, less than or equal to the threshold, equal to the threshold, or the like.
Even though particular combinations of features are recited in the claims and/or disclosed in the specification, these combinations are not intended to limit the disclosure of possible implementations. In fact, many of these features may be combined in ways not specifically recited in the claims and/or disclosed in the specification. Although each dependent claim listed below may directly depend on only one claim, the disclosure of possible implementations includes each dependent claim in combination with every other claim in the claim set.
No element, act, or instruction used herein should be construed as critical or essential unless explicitly described as such. Also, as used herein, the articles “a” and “an” are intended to include one or more items, and may be used interchangeably with “one or more.” Furthermore, as used herein, the term “set” is intended to include one or more items (e.g., related items, unrelated items, a combination of related and unrelated items, etc.), and may be used interchangeably with “one or more.” Where only one item is intended, the term “one” or similar language is used. Also, as used herein, the terms “has,” “have,” “having,” or the like are intended to be open-ended terms. Further, the phrase “based on” is intended to mean “based, at least in part, on” unless explicitly stated otherwise.
Claims
1. A transaction card for communicating data relating to a transaction, the transaction card comprising:
- a metal layer having a thickness between 12 thousandths of an inch and 18 thousandths of an inch;
- a backing layer; and
- a radio frequency (RF) antenna layer positioned between the metal layer and the backing layer, where the RF antenna layer includes an RF antenna to facilitate communicating the data relating to the transaction wirelessly via an RF signal, and the metal layer comprises a plurality of holes to limit eddy currents in the metal layer to a threshold density, the plurality of holes extending from a top surface of the metal layer to a bottom surface of the metal layer, and the eddy currents to be caused by the RF signal.
2. The transaction card of claim 1, where the plurality of holes in the metal layer maintains a threshold stiffness of the metal layer to provide structural integrity to the transaction card.
3. The transaction card of claim 1, where a threshold percentage of the holes of the plurality of holes comprise a dielectric.
4. The transaction card of claim 1, where an area of the metal layer defined by a perimeter of the plurality of holes comprises a threshold area of the metal layer.
5. The transaction card of claim 1, where a combined surface area of the plurality of holes comprises a threshold area of an area of the metal layer defined by a perimeter of the plurality of holes.
6. The transaction card of claim 1, where the backing layer is comprised of a metal, the backing layer comprising a second plurality of holes to limit the eddy currents in the backing layer to a second threshold density.
7. The transaction card of claim 6, where at least one of the second plurality of holes in the backing layer overlaps one of the plurality of holes in the metal layer.
8. The transaction card of claim 6, where a pattern formed by the second plurality of holes of the backing layer matches a pattern formed by the plurality of holes of the metal layer.
9. The transaction card of claim 1, where a majority of the plurality of holes are positioned in the metal layer in an area that corresponds to a position of the RF antenna in the RF antenna layer.
10. The transaction card of claim 9, where the plurality of holes are positioned in the metal layer such that a perimeter of an area of the plurality of holes overlaps a perimeter of the RF antenna in the RF antenna layer.
11. The transaction card of claim 9, where a first subset of the plurality of holes are positioned in a greater density over the RF antenna in the RF antenna layer than a second subset of the plurality of holes that are not positioned over the RF antenna in the RF antenna layer.
12. The transaction card of claim 1, where the plurality of holes are positioned in the metal layer in a specified pattern.
13. The transaction card of claim 1, where at least one of the plurality of holes is equal to or less than one tenth of an inch wide.
14. The transaction card of claim 1, where the metal layer comprises an identification film that indicates identification information.
15. A transaction card for communicating data relating to a transaction, the transaction card comprising:
- a first metal layer comprising a first plurality of holes to limit eddy currents in the first metal layer to a first threshold density, the first plurality of holes extending from a top surface of the first metal layer to a bottom surface of the first metal layer, and the first metal layer having a thickness between 12 thousandths of an inch and 18 thousandths of an inch;
- a second metal layer comprising a second plurality of holes to limit eddy currents in the second metal layer to a second threshold density, the second plurality of holes extending from a top surface of the second metal layer to a bottom surface of the second metal layer; and
- a radio frequency (RF) antenna layer positioned between the first metal layer and the second metal layer, where the RF antenna layer includes an RF antenna to facilitate communicating the data relating to the transaction wirelessly via an RF signal, and the eddy currents in the first metal layer or the eddy currents in the second metal layer to be caused by the RF signal.
16. The transaction card of claim 15, where an area defined by a perimeter of the first plurality of holes overlaps an area defined by a perimeter of the second plurality of holes.
17. The transaction card of claim 16, where the RF antenna is situated between the area defined by the perimeter of the first plurality of holes and the area defined by the perimeter of the second plurality of holes.
18. A transaction card for communicating data relating to a transaction, the transaction card comprising:
- a metal layer having a thickness between 12 thousandths of an inch and 18 thousandths of an inch;
- a backing layer; and
- a radio frequency (RF) antenna layer positioned between the metal layer and the backing layer, where the RF antenna layer includes an RF antenna to facilitate communicating the data relating to the transaction wirelessly via an RF signal, the metal layer comprises a plurality of holes to limit eddy currents in the metal layer to a threshold density, the plurality of holes extending from a top surface of the metal layer to a bottom surface of the metal layer, where a first subset of the plurality of holes that overlap the RF antenna are positioned more densely than a second subset of the plurality of holes that do not overlap the RF antenna, and the eddy currents to be caused by the RF signal.
19. The transaction card of claim 18, where
- the plurality of holes are positioned in a pattern, where the pattern includes a greater density of a subset of holes, of the plurality of holes, closer to an area, of the metal layer, that overlaps the RF antenna and a lesser density of another subset of holes, of the plurality of holes, that are further from the area that overlaps the RF antenna.
20. The transaction card of claim 18,
- where the transaction card has a thickness between 28 thousandths of an inch and 32 thousandths of an inch, and
- where the RF antenna layer has a thickness between 8 thousandths of an inch and 12 thousandths of an inch.
Type: Application
Filed: Jan 23, 2019
Publication Date: May 23, 2019
Inventor: Daniel HERRINGTON (New York, NY)
Application Number: 16/255,457