RECONFIGURABLE DISPLAY IN COMPUTER-ASSISTED TELE-OPERATED SURGERY
The technology described in this document can be embodied in a method that includes operating a surgical system to perform a surgical process, the surgical system including a display device, and receiving, at one or more processing devices, data from multiple data sources. The method also includes determining a current phase of the surgical process, and displaying, on the display device, visual representations corresponding to the data from a first set of the multiple data sources in a first arrangement within a display region of the display device. At least one of the first set of the multiple data sources and the first arrangement is associated with the current phase of the surgical process.
This application claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application No. 62/417,493, filed Nov. 4, 2016. The disclosure of the prior application is considered part of and is incorporated by reference in the disclosure of this application.
TECHNICAL FIELDThis disclosure relates to devices and methods for minimally invasive computer-assisted tele-operated surgery.
BACKGROUNDMinimally invasive tele-surgical systems for use in surgery are being developed to increase a surgeon's dexterity as well as to allow a surgeon to operate on a patient from a remote location. Tele-surgery is a general term for surgical systems where the surgeon uses some form of remote control, e.g., a servomechanism, or the like, to manipulate surgical instrument movements rather than directly holding and moving the instruments by hand. In such a tele-surgery system, the surgeon is provided with an image of the surgical site at the remote location. The surgeon performs the surgical procedures on the patient by manipulating master control input devices, which in turn control the motion of robotic instruments.
SUMMARYIn one aspect, this document features a method that includes operating a surgical system to perform a surgical process, the surgical system including a display device, and receiving, at one or more processing devices, data from multiple data sources. The method also includes determining a current phase of the surgical process, and displaying, on the display device, visual representations corresponding to the data from a first set of the multiple data sources in a first arrangement within a display region of the display device. At least one of the first set of the multiple data sources and the first arrangement is associated with the current phase of the surgical process.
In another aspect this document features a surgical system that includes a display device and one or more processing devices. The one or more processing devices are configured to operate the surgical system to perform a surgical process, and receive data from multiple data sources. The one or more processing devices are also configured to determine a current phase of the surgical process, and display, on the display device, visual representations corresponding to the data from a first set of the multiple data sources in a first arrangement within a display region of the display device. At least one of the first set of the multiple data sources and the first arrangement is associated with the current phase of the surgical process.
In another aspect, this document features one or more machine-readable non-transitory storage devices encoded with machine-readable instructions configured to cause one or more processing devices to perform various operations. The operations include operating a surgical system to perform a surgical process, the surgical system including a display device, and receiving, at one or more processing devices, data from multiple data sources. The operations also include determining a current phase of the surgical process, and displaying, on the display device, visual representations corresponding to the data from a first set of the multiple data sources in a first arrangement within a display region of the display device. At least one of the first set of the multiple data sources and the first arrangement is associated with the current phase of the surgical process.
Implementations of the above aspects may include one or more of the following. A new phase of the surgical process may be determined, and at least one of the first set of the multiple data sources and the first arrangement may be updated in response to determining the new phase of the surgical process. Updating the at least one of the first set of the multiple data sources and the first arrangement can be based on a user preference record for a current user of the surgical system. Updating the at least one of the first set of the multiple data sources and the first arrangement can be based on a predetermined safety profile for the surgical system. User-input indicative of adjustments to one or more of the visual representations may be received, and the display device may be updated in accordance with the adjustments. A user-profile may also be updated in accordance with the adjustments. The user-profile can be stored at a storage location and be made accessible to other users. The multiple data sources can include at least two of: an endoscope, an ultrasound imaging device, a computed tomography (CT) imaging device, a nuclear imaging device, a radiography imaging device, and a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) device. The multiple data sources can include at least one of: (i) a computing device generating one or more of an image, text, interactive graphics, or a graphical user interface (GUI), and (ii) a storage device providing one or more pre-stored images or videos. Determining the current phase can be based on a user-input indicative of the current phase. Determining the current phase can be based on an image analysis process executed on the data from at least one of the multiple data sources. The data from one or more of the multiple data sources can include positional information with respect to a common reference frame. Displaying the visual representations can include overlaying a first visual representation on a second visual representation, wherein the first visual representation is registered with respect to the second visual representation based on the common reference frame. The first arrangement can be determined based on a user profile loaded prior to commencement of the surgical process. The user profile can identify an individual performing the surgical process, and include user-preferences of the individual regarding organization of the visual representations corresponding to the data from the multiple data sources during different phases of the surgical process. The display device can include multiple screens.
In another aspect, this document features a method for controlling configurability of visual representations of data from multiple data sources on a display device during a surgical process. The method includes receiving data from the multiple data sources, displaying, on the display device, visual representations corresponding to the data from at least a subset of the multiple data sources at locations determined for each of the visual representations, and receiving, via an input device, user-input indicative of adjustments to one or more of the visual representations. The method also includes determining that at least a portion of the adjustments is in violation of a predetermined safety condition associated with the corresponding visual representation, and in response, generating a control signal configured to alert a user of the violation.
In another aspect, this document features a surgical system that includes a display device and one or more processing devices. The one or more processing devices are configured to receive data from multiple data sources, and display, on the display device, visual representations corresponding to the data from at least a subset of the multiple data sources at locations determined for each of the visual representations. The one or more processing devices are also configured to receive, via an input device, user-input indicative of adjustments to one or more of the visual representations, determining that at least a portion of the adjustments is in violation of a predetermined safety condition associated with the corresponding visual representation, and responsive to determining the violation, generating a control signal configured to alert a user of the violation.
In another aspect, this document features one or more machine-readable non-transitory storage devices encoded with machine-readable instructions configured to cause one or more processing devices to perform various operations. The operations include receiving data from the multiple data sources, displaying, on the display device, visual representations corresponding to the data from at least a subset of the multiple data sources at locations determined for each of the visual representations, and receiving, via an input device, user-input indicative of adjustments to one or more of the visual representations. The operations also include determining that at least a portion of the adjustments is in violation of a predetermined safety condition associated with the corresponding visual representation, and in response, generating a control signal configured to alert a user of the violation.
Some or all of the embodiments described herein may provide one or more of the following advantages. In some cases, visual representation of data from multiple data sources can be displayed on a console of a surgical system based on user-preferences. In some cases, the display preferences of an individual (e.g., a senior surgeon) may be saved as a profile, and later used by other individuals (e.g., junior surgeons, medical students etc.). The display preferences may be specific to phases of surgery, and may be automatically loaded upon detection of corresponding phases. By allowing for overlaying images from different sources (possibly warped and registered with one another), and providing a user control over the locations of the various images, the technology described herein may allow for improved user experience for surgeons performing minimally invasive robotic surgery (also referred to herein as minimally invasive surgery (MIS)). In some cases, virtual proctoring tools (also referred to as ghost tools) may be overlaid on images to allow a surgeon to rehearse a surgical procedure before using actual tools to perform the procedure. Various safety protocols may govern the location and configuration of the images from different sources, for example, to guard against a surgeon accidentally missing important information. This in turn may increase patient safety by reducing chances of human errors that may otherwise affect MIS.
This document describes technology that, in some cases, improves visualization of surgical sites and anatomical parts during image-guided surgical processes such as minimally invasive robotic surgery (also referred to herein as minimally invasive surgery (MIS)). For example, the technology allows for configuring locations of images from various sources on a display device associated with a surgeon's console. This may be done manually, for example, in accordance with the preferences of the surgeon as indicated via a user-input, or automatically, for example, based on pre-stored preferences, and/or based on detecting a phase of the surgery. In some implementations, the technology may allow for various types of configurability (e.g., overlaying images on one another, minimizing or removing a feed from a particular image source, or concurrently displaying feeds from multiple data sources) that may in turn allow a surgeon to perform a surgery with increases effectiveness. In addition, the configurability may be governed using safety protocols aimed at reducing the possibility of a surgeon missing useful information. For example, safety protocols may prevent an endoscope image from being configured to a size less than a threshold size, or lock certain displays from being removed from the console.
Aspects of the invention are described primarily in terms of an implementation using a da Vinci® Surgical System, commercialized by Intuitive Surgical, Inc. of Sunnyvale, Calif. Examples of such surgical systems are the da Vinci® Xi™ Surgical System (Model IS4000) and the da Vinci® Si™ HD™ Surgical System (Model IS3000). It should be understood that aspects disclosed herein may be embodied and implemented in various ways, including computer-assisted, non-computer-assisted, and hybrid combinations of manual and computer-assisted embodiments and implementations. Implementations on da Vinci® Surgical Systems (e.g., the Model IS4000, the Model IS3000, the Model IS2000, the Model IS1200) are described for illustrative purposes, and are not to be considered as limiting the scope of the inventive aspects disclosed herein. As applicable, inventive aspects may be embodied and implemented in both relatively smaller, hand-held, hand-operated devices and relatively larger systems that have additional mechanical support, as well as in other embodiments of computer-assisted tele-operated medical devices.
Referring to
In the depicted embodiment, the patient-side cart 100 includes a base 110, a first robotic manipulator arm assembly 120, a second robotic manipulator arm assembly 130, a third robotic manipulator arm assembly 140, and a fourth robotic manipulator arm assembly 150. Each robotic manipulator arm assembly 120, 130, 140, and 150 is pivotably coupled to the base 110. In some embodiments, fewer than four or more than four robotic manipulator arm assemblies may be included as part of the patient-side cart 100. While in the depicted embodiment the base 110 includes casters to allow ease of mobility, in some embodiments the patient-side cart 100 is fixedly mounted to a floor, ceiling, operating table, structural framework, or the like.
In a typical application, two of the robotic manipulator arm assemblies 120, 130, 140, or 150 hold surgical instruments and a third holds a stereo endoscope. The remaining robotic manipulator arm assembly is available so that another instrument may be introduced at the work site. Alternatively, the remaining robotic manipulator arm assembly may be used for introducing a second endoscope or another image capturing device, such as an ultrasound transducer, to the work site.
Each of the robotic manipulator arm assemblies 120, 130, 140, and 150 is conventionally formed of links that are coupled together and manipulated through actuatable joints. Each of the robotic manipulator arm assemblies 120, 130, 140, and 150 includes a setup arm and a device manipulator. The setup arm positions its held device so that a pivot point occurs at its entry aperture into the patient. The device manipulator may then manipulate its held device so that it may be pivoted about the pivot point, inserted into and retracted out of the entry aperture, and rotated about its shaft axis.
In the depicted embodiment, the surgeon console 40 includes a stereo vision display 45 so that the user may view the surgical work site in stereo vision from images captured by the stereoscopic camera of the patient-side cart 100. Left and right eyepieces, 46 and 47, are provided in the stereo vision display 45 so that the user may view left and right display screens inside the display 45 respectively with the user's left and right eyes. While viewing typically an image of the surgical site on a suitable viewer or display, the surgeon performs the surgical procedures on the patient by manipulating master control input devices, which in turn control the motion of robotic instruments.
The surgeon console 40 also includes left and right input devices 41, 42 that the user may grasp respectively with his/her left and right hands to manipulate devices (e.g., surgical instruments) being held by the robotic manipulator arm assemblies 120, 130, 140, and 150 of the patient-side cart 100 in preferably six degrees-of-freedom (“DOF”). Foot pedals 44 with toe and heel controls are provided on the surgeon console 40 so the user may control movement and/or actuation of devices associated with the foot pedals.
A processing device 43 is provided in the surgeon console 40 for control and other purposes. The processing device 43 performs various functions in the medical robotic system. One function performed by processing device 43 is to translate and transfer the mechanical motion of input devices 41, 42 to actuate their respective joints in their associated robotic manipulator arm assemblies 120, 130, 140, and 150 so that the surgeon can effectively manipulate devices, such as the surgical instruments. Another function of the processing device 43 is to implement the methods, cross-coupling control logic, and controllers described herein.
The processing device 43 can include one or more processors, digital signal processors (DSPs), and/or microcontrollers, and may be implemented as a combination of hardware, software and/or firmware. Also, its functions as described herein may be performed by one unit or divided up among a number of subunits, each of which may be implemented in turn by any combination of hardware, software and firmware. Further, although being shown as part of or being physically adjacent to the surgeon console 40, the processing device 43 may also be distributed as subunits throughout the tele-surgery system. One or more of the subunits may be physically remote (e.g., located on a remote server) to the tele-surgery system.
Referring also to
The instrument holder 122 includes an instrument holder frame 124, a cannula clamp 126, and an instrument holder carriage 128. In the depicted embodiment, the cannula clamp 126 is fixed to a distal end of the instrument holder frame 124. The cannula clamp 126 can be actuated to couple with, or to uncouple from, the cannula 180. The instrument holder carriage 128 is movably coupled to the instrument holder frame 124. More particularly, the instrument holder carriage 128 is linearly translatable along the instrument holder frame 124. In some embodiments, the movement of the instrument holder carriage 128 along the instrument holder frame 124 is a motorized, translational movement that is actuatable/controllable by the processor 43. The surgical instrument 200 includes a transmission assembly 210, the elongate shaft 220, and an end effector 230. The transmission assembly 210 may be releasably coupled with the instrument holder carriage 128. The shaft 220 extends distally from the transmission assembly 210. The end effector 230 is disposed at a distal end of the shaft 220.
The shaft 220 defines a longitudinal axis 222 that is coincident with a longitudinal axis of the cannula 180. As the instrument holder carriage 128 translates along the instrument holder frame 124, the elongate shaft 220 of the surgical instrument 200 is moved along the longitudinal axis 222. In such a manner, the end effector 230 can be inserted and/or retracted from a surgical workspace within the body of a patient.
The images or video feeds from the multiple sources may be configured in various ways. In some implementations, the visual representations from the multiple sources may be arranged within the available real-estate of the display device at substantially non-overlapping portions as per corresponding user-preferences. An example of such a configuration is shown in
In some implementations, where an image is displayed as an overlay on another image, the two images may be registered with respect to one another. For example, if the images being displayed are geo-tagged with location information (e.g., position and orientation with respect to the origin of a known coordinate system), they may be aligned with respect to one another based on the location information associated with the individual images. The alignment can be calculated, for example, via an image registration process that includes transforming the sets of data corresponding to the acquired images into one coordinate system based on location information corresponding to the images. This can also be referred to as warping, and can include various rigid or non-rigid transformations such as translation, rotation, shear etc.
The configuration of the visual representations from the multiple sources can be done in various ways. Examples of how a display associated with a computer-assisted tele-operated surgery system may be configured are shown in
In some implementations, the user-interface can be touchless. An example of such an interface is shown in
Other forms of user interfaces may also be used. In some implementations, other touchless technologies such as gaze tracking may be used to configure the visual representations on a display device. In some implementations, input device(s) for the physical operation of the surgical system (such as master tool manipulators (MTM) available on da Vinci® Surgical Systems, wireless input devices, or gesture detection systems, among others) may be used for configuring the visual representations. In some implementations, dedicated configuration control input systems (such as a keypad, touchpad, touchscreen, or joystick, among others) may be used for configuring the visual representations (and optionally any other aspects to the surgical system not involving physical operation of the system).
In some implementations, one or more video sources connected to the CPU 620 may each be identified using a unique identifier and/or a set of parameters (e.g., image size, color or grayscale, mono or stereo, frame rate, etc.). The source may be a video stream or an image that occasionally gets updated. The source may also be linked to a particular position on the display device, for example, based on user preferences or user-inputs. In some implementations, the display area on which the visual representation from a particular source may be positioned is larger than the physical visible area of the display device. In such cases, portions of the display area may be moved in or out of the physical display area based on user input. In some implementations, where an image from a particular source is registered with respect to another image, the particular source may be linked, for example, with a transformation matrix with respect to a common coordinate system or with respect to the other image's transformation. The parameters and identifiers associated with each source may be stored as a module, and modules may be added removed or modified in run time to configure visual representations from corresponding sources. A module corresponding to a source may be modified at run time, for example, at a real-time or near real-time basis. For example, non-image information (e.g., text, charts etc.) may be added to a module associated with a source for the non-image information to be displayed together with a visual representation of the corresponding source. In some cases, by making the latency associated with a particular source (e.g., endoscopic images) independent of the other image sources, the system 800 described with reference to
The visual representations of signals from the multiple sources may be configured in various ways. In some implementations, a surgeon may configure the visual representations on the display device (using user interfaces and/or input devices described above) and store the preferences within a user-profile. The user-profile may then be saved at a storage location (e.g., a remote server or local storage device) and downloaded by others as needed. For example, a senior surgeon may save his/her preferences in such a user-profile for junior/trainee surgeons to user or review. In some implementations, the preferences stored within a user-profile may reflect preferences of an institution (e.g., a hospital) or regulations promulgated by a regulatory body.
In some implementations, the configuration can be specific to various phases of a surgery. For example, during an initial phase of a surgery (e.g., when a surgeon is making an incision) a surgeon may prefer to have the entire display area to be occupied by the endoscope image. However, during a later phase (e.g., when arteries are being clamped), the surgeon may prefer to see corresponding CT images showing the vasculature, either as an independent image, or registered over the endoscopic image. The phase-dependent configurations may be stored on a storage device and loaded as needed upon determination of a particular phase of the surgical process. The determination that signals being received from one or more sources correspond to a particular phase of the surgery may be done in various ways. In some implementations, the determination may be made based on manual user-input (e.g., voice-input or user-input received through an input device). For example, a surgeon may provide user-input indicative of a new phase in the surgery, and the corresponding phase-dependent display profile may be loaded accordingly. In some implementations, the phase determination may be made automatically, for example, by processing one or more images from a source. For example, the endoscope image/feed may be analyzed to detect the presence of a particular anatomical feature or surgical tool, and the phase of the surgery may be determined accordingly. If an endoscope image is analyzed to detect the presence of a clamp, a determination may be made that the surgeon intends to clamp a portion of the vasculature, and accordingly, a CT image that highlights the vasculature may be displayed. As such, the contents of a visual representation corresponding to one or more sources may be analyzed in various ways to make such determinations. In some implementations, the events generated by the surgical system (e.g., da Vinci® surgical system) may be used to determine the phase of surgery or be used as indications for change in the display layout. In some implementations, artificial intelligence processes (e.g., machine learning based processes) may be used in determining phases of a surgical process. In some cases, such dynamic phase-based reconfiguration may help in improving a surgeon's user-experience, for example, by loading an appropriate display configuration automatically.
In some implementations, the configurability of the display device may be delimited, for example, based on one or more safety conditions. In such cases, if a surgeon attempts to configure the visual representations from the sources in a way that violates a safety condition, the system may prevent such a configuration and/or generate one or more alerts to flag the violation. For example, in certain surgical processes, a safety condition may require that the endoscope feed is always displayed on the display device. In such cases, if a surgeon attempts to remove the endoscope feed from the display device (or reduce it to a size smaller than an allowable threshold), the system may prevent the surgeon from making such an adjustment, and/or generate an alert (e.g., a visual or audible alarm) indicating that the safety condition has been violated. Other safety conditions may cause one or more visual representations to be “locked” within the display device such that a user may not remove (or possibly even resize) such visual representations. In some implementations, a supervisor process may monitor the configuration of the display device, and take one or more actions if a safety condition is violated. For example, if a safety condition is violated, control of the surgical tools and/or robotic arms may be affected to alert the surgeon of the violation. For example, if a determination is made that the surgeon is not looking at the endoscope feed (e.g., using gaze tracking), the system may limit sensitivity of one or more instruments to reduce the chances of accidental injuries to unintended portions. In some cases, such generation of control signals based on determining a violation of a safety condition may improve the safety of surgical processes performed using computer-assisted tele-operated surgical systems.
In some implementations, one or more image sources or other sources of information may be processed to detect the occurrence of one or more events, and take one or more actions based on associated rules. For example, if processing of endoscope images reveals the occurrence of bleeding, and the user display configuration in the meantime has a preoperative image covering most of the display, the system may be configured to automatically change the display configuration to bring the endoscope images to the surgeon's attention, possibly in conjunction with one or more visual or audio warnings. Rules for such safety measures can be set based on predetermined safety logic. The rules can also be implemented via machine learning tools such as neural networks trained on pre-collected and annotated datasets.
In some implementations, one or more image sources may be processed in the background to detect certain events that may trigger changes in the display mode, for example, to present more information to the surgeon when required. Fluorescence imaging is often used to investigate tissue perfusion or to view lymph nodes during surgery. For fluorescence imaging, fluorescent compounds can be injected locally or via vasculature and an endoscope camera can be operated in an appropriate mode to capture fluorescence. In some implementations, the user may continue working with normal endoscope images, while a background process analyzes the observed fluorescence. In some implementations, the display can be configured to automatically switch to showing the fluorescence images (or a composed white-light fluorescence endoscope image) upon detecting that an amount of the fluorescence exceeds a threshold.
In some implementations, one or more processes or filters may be applied to an image source based on detection of the phase of surgery. For example, the system can be configured to detect that an instrument is being used to burn and cut soft tissue, and accordingly, a haze removal process can be automatically applied to the processing pipeline for the endoscope images. As another example, when an energy instrument (e.g., an instrument used for burning or cutting soft tissue) is used, the ultrasound image display can be automatically hidden (or at least reduced in size), for example, to make sure that the user has an adequately large view of the endoscopic images. In some implementations, if the ultrasound images are affected by the noise from the energy instruments, such images may also be prevented from being displayed.
Operations of the process 700 also includes determining a current phase of the surgical process (730). This may be done in various ways. In some implementations, determining the current phase may be based on a user-input (e.g., voice input, or input provided through an input device) indicative of the current phase. In some implementations, the determination can be made automatically, for example, based on an image analysis process executed on signals from at least one of the multiple sources.
Operations of the process 700 further includes displaying, on the display device, visual representations corresponding to the data from a first set of the multiple sources in a first arrangement within a display region of the display device (740). At least one of the first set of the multiple sources and the first arrangement is associated with the current phase of the surgical process. In some implementations, upon determination of a new phase of the surgical process, at least one of the first set of the multiple sources or the first arrangement is updated. The updating can be based on, for example, based on a user preference record for a current user of the surgical system. Such user preference records may be maintained, for example, as a user profile. In some implementations, the updating can be based on a predetermined safety profile for the surgical system.
The first arrangement can be determined, for example, based on a user profile. In some implementations, the user-profile may be loaded prior to the commencement of the surgical process. In some implementations, the user profile can identify an individual performing the surgical process, and include the user-preferences of the individual regarding organization of the visual representations of the signals from the multiple sources during different phases of the surgical process. In some implementations, if the user adjusts one or more visual representations, the user profile may be updated in accordance with such adjustments. In some implementations, a representation of a user-profile may be stored at a storage location accessible to other users.
In some implementations, user-input indicative of adjustments to one or more of the visual representations may be received via an input device, and the display device may be updated in accordance with the adjustments. In some implementations, data from the one or more multiple data sources can include position data with respect to a common frame of reference (e.g., a common coordinate system). In such cases, displaying the visual representations can include overlaying a first visual representation on a second visual representation in accordance with that common reference frame. In some implementations, the display device can include multiple screens or display areas (e.g., a main display that shows active visual representations, and a side display that shows the visual displays that are minimized or not being used). In some implementations, the display area may be larger than the physical dimensions of the viewable area of the display device, and portions of the display area may be dragged in and out of the viewable area as needed. In some implementations, when two visual representations from two sources are associated with a common frame of reference, dragging one of those visual representations onto the other can cause it to “snap” into registration with the other, thereby ensuring that the visual representations are properly aligned.
Operations of the process 800 further includes receiving user-input indicative of adjustments to one or more of the visual representations (830). A surgeon may need to readjust the default positions and/or size of the visual representations in accordance with the particular surgery at hand, and may make such adjustments using an input device or user interface described above. For example, a surgeon performing a nephrectomy may prefer to have ultrasound images aligned or registered to the endoscope feed, and have the CT images on one side for reviewing as needed. Accordingly, the surgeon may make the necessary adjustments to an existing display configuration, for example, using an input device such as a tablet computer (e.g., as shown in
Operations of the process 800 further includes determining that at least a portion of the adjustments is in violation of a predetermined safety condition associated with the corresponding visual representation (840). For example, a safety condition associated with an endoscope feed may specify that the visual representation of the feed may not be reduced to a size smaller than a threshold. In such a case, if a user attempts to reduce the visual representation of the endoscope feed to a size smaller than the threshold, a violation of the safety condition may be determined. In another example, determining the violation can include detecting that the user-input is requesting a particular visual representation to be removed from the display device, whereas the corresponding predetermined safety condition specifies that the particular visual representation to be displayed throughout the surgical process. In some implementations, determining the violation can also include detecting (e.g., via gaze tracking) that a user is looking at an incorrect visual representation during the adjustment process.
Operations of the process 800 also includes generating, responsive to determining the violation, a control signal configured to alert a user of the violation (850). In some implementations, the control signal can be configured to disable (or reduce the sensitivity of) one or more instruments being used in the surgical process. The control signal may also cause the generation of a visible or audible message that alerts the user of the violation. In some implementations, the control signal may cause the violating adjustment to be undone or reversed, and alert the user that such a readjustment has been made. The predetermined safety conditions can be specific to the various visual representations, and/or specific to particular phase of the surgical process.
The functionality described herein, or portions thereof, and its various modifications (hereinafter “the functions”) can be implemented, at least in part, via a computer program product, e.g., a computer program tangibly embodied in an information carrier, such as one or more non-transitory machine-readable media or storage device, for execution by, or to control the operation of, one or more data processing apparatus, e.g., a programmable processor, a DSP, a microcontroller, a computer, multiple computers, and/or programmable logic components.
A computer program can be written in any form of programming language, including compiled or interpreted languages, and it can be deployed in any form, including as a stand-alone program or as a module, component, subroutine, or other unit suitable for use in a computing environment. A computer program can be deployed to be executed one or more processing devices at one site or distributed across multiple sites and interconnected by a network.
Actions associated with implementing all or part of the functions can be performed by one or more programmable processors or processing devices executing one or more computer programs to perform the functions of the processes described herein. All or part of the functions can be implemented as, special purpose logic circuitry, e.g., an FPGA and/or an ASIC (application-specific integrated circuit).
Processors suitable for the execution of a computer program include, by way of example, both general and special purpose microprocessors, and any one or more processors of any kind of digital computer. Generally, a processor will receive instructions and data from a read-only memory or a random access memory or both. Components of a computer include a processor for executing instructions and one or more memory devices for storing instructions and data.
While this specification contains many specific implementation details, these should not be construed as limitations on the scope of any invention or of what may be claimed, but rather as descriptions of features that may be specific to particular embodiments of particular inventions. Certain features that are described in this specification in the context of separate embodiments can also be implemented in combination in a single embodiment. Conversely, various features that are described in the context of a single embodiment can also be implemented in multiple embodiments separately or in any suitable subcombination. Moreover, although features may be described herein as acting in certain combinations and even initially claimed as such, one or more features from a claimed combination can in some cases be excised from the combination, and the claimed combination may be directed to a subcombination or variation of a subcombination.
Similarly, while operations are depicted in the drawings in a particular order, this should not be understood as requiring that such operations be performed in the particular order shown or in sequential order, or that all illustrated operations be performed, to achieve desirable results. In certain circumstances, multitasking and parallel processing may be advantageous. Moreover, the separation of various system modules and components in the embodiments described herein should not be understood as requiring such separation in all embodiments, and it should be understood that the described program components and systems can generally be integrated together in a single product or packaged into multiple products.
Elements described in detail with reference to one embodiment, implementation, or application optionally may be included, whenever practical, in other embodiments, implementations, or applications in which they are not specifically shown or described. For example, if an element is described in detail with reference to one embodiment and is not described with reference to a second embodiment, the element may nevertheless be claimed as included in the second embodiment. Thus, to avoid unnecessary repetition in the following description, one or more elements shown and described in association with one embodiment, implementation, or application may be incorporated into other embodiments, implementations, or aspects unless specifically described otherwise, unless the one or more elements would make an embodiment or implementation non-functional, or unless two or more of the elements provide conflicting functions.
Particular embodiments of the subject matter have been described. Other embodiments are within the scope of the following claims. For example, the actions recited in the claims can be performed in a different order and still achieve desirable results. As one example, the processes depicted in the accompanying figures do not necessarily require the particular order shown, or sequential order, to achieve desirable results. In certain implementations, multitasking and parallel processing may be advantageous.
Claims
1. A method comprising:
- operating a surgical system to perform a surgical process, the surgical system including a display device;
- receiving, at one or more processing devices, data from multiple data sources;
- determining a current phase of the surgical process; and
- displaying, on the display device, visual representations corresponding to the data from a first set of the multiple sources in a first arrangement within a display region of the display device,
- wherein at least one of the first set of the multiple data sources and the first arrangement is associated with the current phase of the surgical process.
2. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
- determining a new phase of the surgical process; and
- updating at least one of the first set of the multiple data sources and the first arrangement in response to determining the new phase of the surgical process.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein updating the at least one of the first set of the multiple data sources and the first arrangement is based on a user preference record for a current user of the surgical system.
4. The method of claim 2, wherein updating the at least one of the first set of the multiple data sources and the first arrangement is based on a predetermined safety profile for the surgical system.
5. The method of claim 1, further comprising:
- receiving, via an input device, user-input indicative of adjustments to one or more of the visual representations corresponding to the data from the multiple data sources; and
- updating the display device in accordance with the adjustments.
6. (canceled)
7. (canceled)
8. The method of claim 1, wherein the multiple data sources comprise at least two of: an endoscope, an ultrasound imaging device, a computed tomography (CT) imaging device, a nuclear imaging device, a radiography imaging device, and a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) device.
9. (canceled)
10. The method of claim 1, wherein determining the current phase is based on a user-input indicative of the current phase.
11. (canceled)
12. The method of claim 1, wherein data from one or more of the multiple data sources includes positional information with respect to a common reference frame, and wherein displaying the visual representations comprises overlaying a first visual representation on a second visual representation, wherein the first visual representation is registered with respect to the second visual representation based on the common reference frame.
13. (canceled)
14. The method of claim 1, wherein the first arrangement is determined based on a user profile loaded prior to commencement of the surgical process, the user profile identifying an individual performing the surgical process, and includes user-preferences of the individual regarding organization of the visual representations corresponding to the data from the multiple data sources during different phases of the surgical process.
15.-25. (canceled)
26. A surgical system comprising:
- a display device; and
- one or more processing devices configured to: operate the surgical system to perform a surgical process; receive data from multiple data sources, determine a current phase of the surgical process, and display, on the display device, visual representations corresponding to the data from a first set of the multiple data sources in a first arrangement within a display region of the display device, wherein at least one of the first set of the multiple data sources and the first arrangement is associated with the current phase of the surgical process.
27. The surgical system of claim 26, wherein the one or more processing devices are further configured to:
- determine a new phase of the surgical process; and
- update at least one of the first set of the multiple data sources and the first arrangement in response to determining the new phase of the surgical process.
28. The surgical system of claim 27, wherein updating the at least one of the first set of the multiple data sources and the first arrangement is based on a user preference record for a current user of the surgical system.
29. The surgical system of claim 27, wherein updating the at least one of the first set of the multiple data sources and the first arrangement is based on a predetermined safety profile for the surgical system.
30. The surgical system of claim 26, wherein the one or more processing devices are further configured to:
- receive, via an input device, user-input indicative of adjustments to one or more of the visual representations corresponding to the data from the multiple data sources; and
- update the display device in accordance with the adjustments.
31. (canceled)
32. (canceled)
33. The surgical system of claim 26, wherein the multiple data sources comprise at least two of: an endoscope, an ultrasound imaging device, a computed tomography (CT) imaging device, a nuclear imaging device, a radiography imaging device, and a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) device.
34. (canceled)
35. The surgical system of claim 26, wherein the one or more processing devices are configured to determine the current phase based on a user-input indicative of the current phase or on an image analysis process executed on the data from at least one of the multiple data sources.
36. (canceled)
37. The surgical system of claim 26, wherein data from one or more of the multiple data sources includes positional information with respect to a common reference frame, and wherein displaying the visual representations comprises overlaying a first visual representation on a second visual representation, wherein the first visual representation is registered with respect to the second visual representation based on the common reference frame.
38. (canceled)
39. The surgical system of claim 26, wherein the first arrangement is determined based on a user profile loaded prior to commencement of the surgical process, the user profile identifying an individual performing the surgical process, and includes user-preferences of the individual regarding organization of the visual representations corresponding to the data from the multiple data sources during different phases of the surgical process.
40.-50. (canceled)
51. One or more machine-readable non-transitory storage devices encoded with machine-readable instructions configured to cause one or more processing devices to perform operations comprising:
- operating a surgical system to perform a surgical process, the surgical system including a display device;
- receiving data from multiple data sources;
- determining a current phase of the surgical process; and
- displaying, on the display device, visual representations corresponding to the data from a first set of the multiple data sources in a first arrangement within a display region of the display device,
- wherein at least one of the first set of the multiple data sources and the first arrangement is associated with the current phase of the surgical process.
52. The one or more machine-readable non-transitory storage devices of claim 51, further comprising instructions for:
- determining a new phase of the surgical process; and
- updating at least one of the first set of the multiple data sources and the first arrangement in response to determining the new phase of the surgical process.
53.-75. (canceled)
Type: Application
Filed: Nov 3, 2017
Publication Date: Aug 22, 2019
Inventor: Mahdi Azizian (Sunnyvale, CA)
Application Number: 16/347,298