STRUCTURAL ELEMENT FOR LOW HEAT-BRIDGING ATTACHMENT OF A PROTRUDING EXTERIOR PART TO A BUILDING ENVELOPE

Abstract

A structural element for the low heat-bridging attachment of a protruding exterior part to a building envelope, having at least one insulating body to be arranged between the protruding exterior part and the building envelope, and at least one force transmission element which can be connected to the protruding exterior part and to the building envelope. The insulating body has at least one enveloping element and at least one insulating material introduced into the enveloping element, which enveloping element can be produced by folding and/or plugging together so that the enveloping element is storable substantially flat in an unfolded and/or non-plugged-together storage state, whereas the enveloping element is filled with the insulating material in a folded and/or plugged-together use state and is traversed by the force transmission element. A method for producing such a structural element for the low heat-bridging attachment of a protruding exterior part to a building envelope is also provided.

Description

INCORPORATION BY REFERENCE

The following documents are incorporated herein by reference as if fully set forth: German Patent Application No. 10 2018 112 074.5, filed May 18, 2018.

BACKGROUND

The invention relates to a structural element for the low heat-bridging attachment of a protruding exterior part to a building envelope, having at least one insulating body to be arranged between the protruding exterior part and the building envelope, and at least one force transmission element which can be connected to the protruding exterior part and to the building envelope. The invention further relates to a method for producing a structural element for the low heat-bridging attachment of a protruding exterior part to a building envelope.

Such structural elements are sufficiently well known in the prior art. For example, EP 0609545 A1 discloses a structural element for thermal insulation between a building envelope and a protruding exterior part, which structural element has an insulating body and a plurality of metal force transmission elements which are arranged so as to traverse the insulating body.

These structural elements allow protruding exterior parts, in particular balcony slabs, to be connected to the corresponding intermediate floor of a building, with the result that the otherwise customary heat bridges are avoided as far as possible. In general, each insulating body is designed as a shaped body. The force transmission elements arranged in the insulating body in a horizontally traversing manner serve to take up and transmit tensile and compressive forces acting on the structural element. Furthermore, the insulating bodies can be equipped with obliquely installed force transmission elements to take up and transmit the shear forces. The shaped body is formed from expanded polystyrene which has to be prefabricated and stored prior to the final fabrication of the structural element. By virtue of this, high storage capacities for the insulating bodies required in different dimensions must be held available by the manufacturer, with the result that high storage costs arise already prior to completion of the structural element.

The force transmission elements for taking up tensile, compressive and/or shear forces project substantially horizontally from the insulating body, thereby ensuring an overlap with the connection reinforcement of the structural parts adjoining on both sides. Here, the number of force transmission elements is dependent on the length of the insulating body and the forces to be transmitted between the adjoining structural parts. Consequently, the manufacturer routinely needs to hold available a large amount of different structural elements which have to be delivered in a tailored manner to the customers to suit the structural requirements. Therefore, this large number of structural elements held available likewise requires high storage capacities, with the result that further storage costs arise.

SUMMARY

It is therefore an object of the present invention to specify a structural element for the low heat-bridging attachment of a protruding exterior part to a building envelope and a method for producing such a structural element, with the result that a requirement-based and timely fabrication of the structural elements can be made possible and the necessary storage capacities can be reduced in relation to the structural elements known from the prior art.

This object is achieved by a structural element having one or more features of the invention and a method having one or more features of the invention. Advantageous developments of the invention are described below and in the claims.

The invention proceeds from a structural element for the low heat-bridging attachment of a protruding exterior part to a building envelope. Furthermore, the invention proceeds from a method for producing a structural element for the low heat-bridging attachment of a protruding exterior part to a building envelope.

A structural element according to the invention for the low heat-bridging attachment of a protruding exterior part to a building envelope has at least one insulating body to be arranged between the protruding exterior part and the building envelope, and at least one force transmission element, in particular in the form of a reinforcing element, which can be connected to the protruding exterior part and to the building envelope.

In the case of the structural element according to the invention, it is essential that the insulating body has at least one enveloping element and at least one insulating material which can be introduced into the enveloping element, which enveloping element can be produced by folding and/or plugging together. This enveloping element is able to be stored substantially flat in an unfolded and/or non-plugged-together storage state, whereas the enveloping element is filled with the insulating material in a folded and/or plugged-together use state and is traversed by the force transmission element. This mode of construction makes it possible for the enveloping element to be able to be stored in a space-saving manner in the unfolded and/or non-plugged-together storage state, with the result that a considerable saving in storage costs can be achieved by comparison with the structural elements known from the prior art. When necessary, the enveloping element can be converted into the use state in a simple manner by plugging together and/or folding. It is here within the scope of the invention that the stability of the enveloping element can be increased in the use state by connection or stiffening elements.

In a first advantageous embodiment of the structural element, the enveloping element has a peripheral outer wall and at least two cover elements, which cover elements close the outer walls on the end sides in the use state, the outer wall and the cover elements enclosing an inner region of the enveloping element in the use state. Furthermore, the outer wall and/or the cover elements can preferably have at least one reclosable filling opening which serves for filling the insulating material in the form of bulk material. Thus, the insulating material can be filled into the inner region of the enveloping element either already via an end side of the enveloping element that is not yet closed by a cover element or via the reclosable filling opening.

A further advantageous embodiment of the structural element provides that the outer wall has at least two predetermined breaking points, which predetermined breaking points serve to allow the force transmission element to traverse the enveloping element in the use state. It is here within the scope of the invention that the force transmission element can be introduced into the enveloping element by piercing the predetermined breaking points, either before or after the insulating material has been filled in. The predetermined breaking points can preferably take the form of round or rectangular perforations in the outer wall. However, the invention is not limited to these specific shapes.

In a further advantageous embodiment of the structural element, the outer wall and/or the cover elements are formed as a one-piece blank, with fold lines preferably being arranged between the outer wall and the cover elements and/or in the outer wall and serving to convert the blank of the enveloping element from the storage state into the folded use state. The one-piece blank of the outer wall and/or of the cover elements can preferably be produced by punching, cutting or the like and stored flat until the structural element is finished when necessary. However, the invention is not limited thereto.

Alternatively, the outer wall and/or the cover elements can also be of multipart design. This multipart mode of construction of the outer wall and/or of the cover elements allows modular plugging together of the enveloping element. Furthermore, this mode of construction allows the use of different materials for the outer wall and the cover elements, with the result that the enveloping element can be optimally adapted to the surrounding conditions and to the required fire behavior. This ensures sufficient long-term stability of the structural element in the use state. It is here within the scope of the invention that the outer wall and/or the cover elements are foldable in spite of their multipart design. Consequently, the structural element can be converted into the use state by folding and plugging together.

In a further advantageous embodiment of the structural element, the outer wall of the structural element comprises at least four side walls which are articulated to one another on the longitudinal sides in the use state of the enveloping element, the predetermined breaking points being arranged in alignment on two mutually opposite side walls in the use state. To ensure that the force transmission element can be introduced into the enveloping body in a traversing manner, in this advantageous embodiment the predetermined breaking points are arranged in alignment on two mutually opposite side walls in the use state. These can be pierced by the force transmission element in a simple manner. It is here within the scope of the invention that the four side walls are fabricated and stored as separate individual parts. This allows the possibility for example that two side walls which have the predetermined breaking points for the force transmission elements, preferably corresponding to the required type and number of the force transmission elements, can be manufactured in the short term. By contrast thereto, the further two side walls, which serve merely to delimit the enveloping element in the use state perpendicularly to the building envelope, can be produced in reserve and stored in a space-saving manner until finishing the structural element. As a result, not only can storage capacities and costs be saved but also the production time for the structural element according to the invention can be reduced. Furthermore, however, the four side walls can also be formed as a one-piece blank. For this purpose, fold lines are preferably arranged on the longitudinal sides between the side walls, which fold lines allow the side walls to be articulated to one another on the longitudinal sides.

It should be expressly pointed out at this juncture that folding and/or plugging together within the sense of the present invention is also to be understood as meaning that the enveloping element is converted from a storage state into a use state by joining, bending, creasing, assembling, plugging in, tucking or inter-plugging the outer wall, the cover elements and/or individual side walls or a plurality of side walls.

A further advantageous embodiment of the structural element provides that the cover elements are arranged on the transverse sides of at least one side wall, the cover elements being articulated toward the inner region of the enveloping element in the use state of the enveloping element. This mode of construction allows a one-piece design of the enveloping element.

In a further advantageous embodiment of the structural element, a first side wall has, on the longitudinal side, a flap which at least partially overlaps or is plugged into a further side wall in the use state of the enveloping element. A plug connection can be designed, for example, as a plug-in closure in that the flap can be inserted, on the longitudinal side, into the further side wall in a similar manner to a tongue and groove connection. This form-fitting connection can preferably be strengthened by adhesive bonding and/or further connection means.

The side walls and/or the flap are preferably able to be plugged together on the longitudinal sides and/or able to be connected to one another by connection elements. The plug connection between the four side walls and/or the flap can be designed, for example, as a plug-in closure in that a side wall has, on the longitudinal side, one or more flaps which is or are inserted in a further side wall in a similar manner to a tongue and groove connection. The plug connection between the side walls can preferably be strengthened by adhesive bonding or additional connection elements. This allows an increase in the stability of the structural element in the use state.

In order that the structural element can be classified as fire-retardant or even noncombustible, the enveloping element and/or the insulating material and/or the force transmission elements are formed from a fire-retardant material, preferably from a noncombustible material. It is generally known that the structural elements known from the prior art, which usually have a shaped body made of expanded polystyrene as insulating body, have to be protected by additional fire protection panels to be arranged above and below the insulating body. In order, however, to meet the current fire protection regulations while at the same time avoiding additional fire protection elements, it is advantageous if the structural element can be classified as fire-retardant or noncombustible by virtue of fire-retardant or noncombustible materials. This has the advantage that additional fire-retardant elements can be dispensed with, with the result that the overall weight of the structural element can be reduced by comparison with the structural elements known from the prior art.

It is here within the scope of the invention that the force transmission element is formed, for example, from steel, fiber composite material, fiber-reinforced plastic (GFP) or from a combination of these materials. However, the invention is not limited thereto. Perlites can preferably be used as insulating material. Perlite is an expanded naturally occurring silicate rock of volcanic origin which is noncombustible without further additives. However, other fire-retardant and/or noncombustible insulating materials in the form of bulk material can also be used.

The enveloping element is preferably formed from cellulose material, fiber-reinforced cellulose material, cardboard, plastic, fiber-reinforced plastic, plasterboard, cement-impregnated fabric, high-performance concrete slabs, fiber-reinforced concrete slabs or from a combination of these materials.

In order to increase the resistance and service life of the structural element, a further advantageous embodiment of the structural element provides that the enveloping element is provided on the outer side with a coating, preferably with a noncombustible coating. Such a coating can prevent the ingress of moisture into the insulating material and at the same time further enhance the fire-retardant properties or the noncombustible properties of the structural element. This coating can preferably be applied to the enveloping element by spraying, brushing or adhesive bonding. However, it is also within the scope of the invention that the coating of the enveloping element is formed as a partial imprint. As a result, it is possible, for example, for a barcode to be applied to the enveloping element that serves for quick and automated product recognition. This automatic product recognition allows a further saving in storage management costs.

In a further advantageous embodiment of the structural element, the insulating material takes the form of bulk material and is filled into the enveloping element in the use state.

The enveloping element here offers the possibility of using a wide variety of different, even porous insulating materials in the form of bulk material.

By contrast with the structural elements known from the prior art, these insulating materials can be filled into the enveloping element in the use state in a simple manner. Since the insulating materials are present in the form of bulk material, they can be stored for example by being filled into sacks until finishing the structural element and do not have to be processed by expanding or foaming to form a shaped body. The loose insulating material can be filled into the enveloping element by blowing in, tipping or pouring in.

Furthermore, this construction principle allows the combination of different insulating materials which are distinguished by different fire behavior, weight, porosity or insulating performance. Thus, the structural element according to the invention can be tailored to the required insulating performance and/or the required fire behavior in the installed state.

The insulating material, which has been filled into the enveloping element loosely in the form of bulk material, can preferably be consolidated by a binder and/or by pressure application. As a result, the compressive strength of the insulating material and thus of the insulating body is considerably increased. Furthermore, the consolidation of the insulating material prevents settling of the insulating material in the use state of the enveloping element. This ensures long-term stability of the structural element. Furthermore, use can also be made of a mixture of different loose insulating materials which are preferably mixed with one another before being filled into the enveloping body. Consolidation of the insulating material mixed in such a way prevents separation of the individual insulating materials in the enveloping element. A uniform quality of the insulating performance of the structural element is made possible thereby.

The insulating material can preferably also take the form of one or more insulating material blanks and be placed in the enveloping element in the use state. It is here within the scope of the invention that the insulating material blanks are used from different insulating materials. As a result, the insulating performance, the fire properties and/or the weight of the structural element can be tailored to the requirements in the installed state.

The insulating material blanks may already be provided with apertures for the force transmission elements before they are placed in the enveloping element. Here, it is within the scope of the invention that the apertures are incorporated in the insulating material blanks by punching, cutting or the like. Alternatively, however, the possibility also exists that the insulating material blanks can be pierced by the force transmission elements after said blanks have been placed in the enveloping element.

A further advantageous embodiment of the structural element provides that the inner region of the enveloping element is lined with a bag in the use state. This bag can be filled with the insulating material in the form of bulk material, the bag having at least two predetermined breaking points and/or through-openings which correspond to the predetermined breaking points of the enveloping element, which predetermined breaking points and/or through-openings serve to allow the force transmission element to traverse the bag in the use state of the enveloping element. It is here within the scope of the invention that the bag, before being introduced into the enveloping element, is already filled with the insulating material and stored, with the result that the bag with the insulating material can be introduced into the enveloping element in the use state in a quick and simple manner.

It is furthermore within the scope of the invention that the force transmission element is formed as a reinforcing element and/or compression element which can have a single-part or multipart design. Here, the reinforcing element can preferably be formed as a linear and/or bent reinforcing bar and preferably serves to take up and transfer tensile, compressive and/or shear forces. The compression element can preferably take the form of a compression bar with a round, rectangular or other-shaped cross section and preferably serves to take up and transmit compressive forces acting on the structural element. Furthermore, the force transmission element and/or the reinforcing element and/or the compressive element can be formed from steel, fiber composite material, fiber-reinforced plastic (GFP), concrete, mortar or from a combination of these materials. However, the invention is not limited thereto.

A further aspect of the invention is a method for producing a structural element for the low heat-bridging arrangement of a protruding exterior part onto a building envelope. In this method according to the invention, it is essential that an enveloping element which can be folded and/or plugged together is converted by folding and/or plugging together from an unfolded and/or non-plugged-together storage state into a use state, an insulating material being introduced into the enveloping element in the use state and at least one force transmission element being arranged in a traversing manner, which force transmission element serves for connection to the protruding exterior part on the one hand and to the building envelope on the other hand. After the enveloping element has been converted from the storage state into the use state, it is possible either first of all for the insulating material to be introduced into the enveloping element or for the force transmission element to be arranged in a traversing manner. The advantage of this method lies in the fact that it allows a requirement-synchronous production of the structural elements, with the result that storage capacities and storage costs can be saved by comparison with the structural elements known from the prior art.

A first advantageous embodiment of the method provides that the insulating material is filled into the enveloping element in the form of bulk material, the insulating material preferably being consolidated by pressure application and/or by introducing a binder. As already explained above, the compressive strength of the insulating material in the enveloping element is considerably increased thereby. Furthermore, settling of the insulating material in the enveloping element in the use state can be prevented. If preferably two different insulating materials mixed with one another are filled into the enveloping element, the consolidation advantageously prevents separation of the two insulating materials in the enveloping element in the use state. Thus, the consolidation of the insulating material ensures the long-term stability of the structural element and a uniform insulating performance of the insulating body.

The insulating material can preferably also be placed in the enveloping element in the form of one or more insulating material blanks. As already mentioned above, the insulating material blanks may already be provided with apertures for the force transmission elements before said blanks are placed in the enveloping element. Here, it is within the scope of the invention that the apertures are incorporated in the insulating material blanks by punching, cutting or the like. Alternatively, however, the possibility also exists that the insulating material blanks are preferably pierced by the force transmission elements after said blanks have been placed in the enveloping element.

In a further advantageous embodiment of the method, the outer side of the enveloping element is provided with a coating, in particular with a fire-retardant or noncombustible coating. This coating can serve to prevent the ingress of moisture into the inner region of the enveloping element. The service life of the structural element is considerably increased as a result. The application of a noncombustible coating to the enveloping element reduces the fire load on the building envelope. As has already been described above, the coating can preferably also be applied to the enveloping element in the form of a partial imprint. As a result, it is possible, for example, for barcodes for the automated product recognition of the structural element according to the invention to be printed on, with the result that further storage costs and storage capacities can be saved. It is here within the scope of the invention that the coating can be applied in the unfolded and/or non-plugged-together storage state of the enveloping element or in the folded and/or plugged-together use state of the enveloping element. It is advantageous, for example, if large-area coatings are applied to the enveloping element in the storage state, whereas partial imprints are printed onto the enveloping element in the use state.

A further advantageous embodiment of the method provides that an inner region of the enveloping element is lined with a bag in the use state of the enveloping element, into which bag the insulating material is filled in the form of bulk material. It is here within the scope of the invention that the insulating material is filled with insulating material either before the bag is introduced into the enveloping element or after it has been introduced into the enveloping element.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

Further advantageous properties of the invention will emerge from the following description of exemplary embodiments with reference to the drawing, in which

FIG. 1 shows a first exemplary embodiment of an enveloping element of a structural element according to the invention in an unfolded and non-plugged-together storage state;

FIG. 2 shows a second exemplary embodiment of an enveloping element of a structural element according to the invention in a non-plugged-together storage state; and

FIG. 3 shows a third exemplary embodiment of a structural element according to the invention in a folded and plugged-together use state.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

FIG. 1 shows a first exemplary embodiment of an enveloping element 1 of a structural element according to the invention in an unfolded and non-plugged-together storage state. The enveloping element 1 has an outer wall 2 and two cover elements 31, 32.

In the present exemplary embodiment, the outer wall 2, which comprises four side walls 21, 22, 23, 24, and the cover elements 31, 32 are formed as a one-piece blank from cardboard, both the side walls 21, 22, 23, 24 and the cover elements 31, 32 having a rectangular shape.

The cover elements 31, 32 are arranged, on the transverse sides, on two mutually opposite sides of the first side wall 21, a respective fold line 41, 42 being arranged between the cover elements 31, 32 and the first side wall 21. These fold lines 41, 42 serve to articulate the cover elements 31, 32 onto the outer wall 2 when converting the enveloping element 1 from an unfolded and non-plugged-together storage state into a folded and plugged-together use state. The two cover elements 31, 32 further have a first cover flap 311, 321 which is formed on the side opposite to the first side wall 21. On the two sides situated parallel to the longitudinal axis of the side walls 21, 22, 23, 24, the two cover elements have two further cover flaps 312, 313, 322, 323. Also formed between these cover flaps 311, 312, 313, 321, 322, 323 and the two cover elements 31, 32 are fold lines which serve to articulate the cover elements 31, 32 at the end sides onto the outer wall 2 of the enveloping element 1 in the use state. In the present exemplary embodiment, the cover flaps 311, 312, 313, 321, 322, 323 of the cover elements 31, 32 are inserted into the folded outer wall 2 at the end sides and adhesively bonded thereto when converting the enveloping element 1 from the storage state into the use state. However, it is also within the scope of the invention that use can be made of additional fastening means in order to increase the form-fitting connection between the cover elements 31, 32 and the outer wall 2.

As can be seen from FIG. 1, the outer wall 2 comprises four side walls 21, 22, 23, 24. Furthermore, a flap 5 is integrally formed on the longitudinal side on a fourth side wall 24 which is situated on the side of the outer wall 2 opposite to the first side wall 21. This flap 5 serves to close the outer wall 2 when converting the enveloping element 1 from the storage state into the use state in that the flap 5 partially overlaps the first side wall 21 on the longitudinal side and is permanently connected thereto by adhesive bonding. It is here within the scope of the invention that the flap 5 has, on the side facing the first side wall 21 of the outer wall 2, a double-sided adhesive tape for connection to the first side wall 21. Alternatively, however, an adhesive coating can also be applied. Furthermore, the flap 5 can also be connected to the first side wall 21 via additional connection means.

Two side walls 21, 23, which are arranged on two mutually opposite sides of the enveloping element 1 in the use state of the enveloping element 1, each have mutually corresponding round predetermined breaking points 61, 62, 63, 64 and rectangular predetermined breaking points 65, 66. For the sake of clarity, only individual predetermined breaking points have been provided by way of example with corresponding numbering in FIG. 1. The number, position or geometric shape of these predetermined breaking points 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66 can vary depending on the structural requirements of the structural element according to the invention in the installed state. In the present exemplary embodiment, the predetermined breaking points 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66 are formed as perforations in the side walls 21, 23.

In the use state, the round and rectangular predetermined breaking points 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66 allow the traversing arrangement of force transmission elements in the enveloping element 1 (not shown in FIG. 1) in that they can be pierced in a simple manner by the force transmission elements. It is here within the scope of the invention that the side walls 21, 23 already have a predefined number of predetermined breaking points 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66 which, depending on the structural requirement placed on the structural element according to the invention, serve only partially or completely for the traversing arrangement of force transmission elements. Alternatively, however, there also exists the possibility that, corresponding to the structural requirement, a predefined number of predetermined breaking points 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66 are incorporated into the side walls 21, 23 by perforation during the fabrication of the structural element. However, the invention is not limited thereto. In order that the flap 5 can partially overlap the first side wall 21 on the longitudinal side, it likewise has predetermined breaking points 51, 52 which, in the use state of the enveloping element 1, are arranged to correspond to the predetermined breaking points 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66 of the side walls 21, 23.

In the present exemplary embodiment, the round predetermined breaking points 61, 62, 63, 64 serve to introduce the force transmission elements in the form of bar-shaped reinforcing elements, which serve to take up tensile, compressive and shear forces, into the enveloping element 1 in a traversing manner in the use state. Additional rectangular compression elements can be inserted via the rectangular predetermined breaking points 65, 66 into the enveloping element 1 in the use state.

Furthermore, three of the side walls 22, 23, 24 each have two side flaps 221, 222, 231, 232, 241, 242 which are each integrally formed on their transverse side, fold lines for articulating the side flaps 221, 222, 231, 232, 241, 242 being arranged between the side flaps 221, 222, 231, 232, 241, 242 and the side walls 22, 23, 24. These side flaps 221, 222, 231, 232, 241, 242 serve to close the outer wall 2 when converting the enveloping element 1 from the storage state into the use state in that, in the use state of the enveloping element 1, the side flaps 221, 222, 231, 232, 241, 242 are partially overlapped with the cover elements 31, 32 and permanently connected thereto by adhesive bonding.

FIG. 2 shows a second exemplary embodiment of an enveloping element 1 of a structural element according to the invention in a non-plugged-together storage state, in which the outer wall 2 is of multipart design, with the result that the outer wall 2 comprises four separate side walls 21, 22, 23, 24. The cover elements 31, 32 are also formed as two separate components of the enveloping element 1.

By contrast with the above-described exemplary embodiment, the side walls 21, 22, 23, 24 can be connected to one another by being plugged together on their longitudinal sides. The stability of this form-fitting connection can be increased by additional connection means or by using an adhesive. Furthermore, the cover elements 31, 32 can also be connected to the outer wall 2 at the end sides through the formation of a form-fitting plug closure, i.e. can be connected to the already plugged-together side walls 21, 22, 23, 24. All further features of the enveloping element 1 correspond to those which are explained in FIG. 1, and therefore further details will not be discussed.

FIG. 3 shows a third exemplary embodiment of a structural element 7 according to the invention in a folded and plugged-together use state.

The structural element 7 has an insulating body 8, which is to be arranged between the protruding exterior part and the building envelope, and a plurality of force transmission elements in the form of reinforcing elements 9, 10, 11 which can be connected to the protruding exterior part and to the building envelope.

These reinforcing elements 9, 10, 11 can be differentiated into tensile and compressive force bars which traverse the insulating body 8 horizontally and take up tensile or compressive forces between the adjoining structural parts and transfer them, into shear force bars which extend substantially diagonally through the insulating body 8 and take up shear forces between the adjoining structural parts and transfer them, and compression elements 10 which are substantially cuboidal and likewise traverse the insulating body 8 horizontally, but do not project out of the insulating body 8. The compression elements 10 likewise serve to take up compressive forces acting on the structural element 7. The compressive force, tensile force and shear force bars 8, 9 extending outside of the insulating body 8 are connected, during installation of the structural element 7, between the building envelope and the protruding exterior part.

The insulating body has an enveloping element 1 which is formed from an outer wall 2 and two cover elements 31, 32. In the present exemplary embodiment, perlite in the form of bulk material as insulating material is filled into the enveloping element 1. Furthermore, the enveloping element has a water-repellent, noncombustible coating. All further features of the enveloping element 1 correspond to those which are explained in FIG. 1, and therefore further details will not be discussed.

Claims

1. A structural element (7) for low heat-bridging attachment of a protruding exterior part to a building envelope, comprising:

at least one insulating body (8) that is adapted to be arranged between the protruding exterior part and the building envelope,

at least one force transmission element (9, 10, 11) that is adapted to be connected to the protruding exterior part and to the building envelope,

the insulating body comprises at least one enveloping element (1) and an insulating material that is introducible into the enveloping element (1),

said enveloping element (1) is producible by at least one of folding or plugging together such that the enveloping element (1) is storable substantially flat in at least one of an unfolded or non-plugged-together, storage state, and in an at least one of folded or plugged-together, use state, the enveloping element (1) is filled with the insulating material and traversed by the force transmission element (9, 10, 11).

2. The structural element (7) for the low heat-bridging attachment of the protruding exterior part to the building envelope as claimed in claim 1, wherein

the enveloping element (1) has a peripheral outer wall (2) and at least two cover elements (31, 32), said cover elements (31, 32) close the outer wall (2) on end sides in the use state, the outer wall (2) and the cover elements (31, 32) enclosing an inner region of the enveloping element (2) in the use state, and at least one of the outer wall (2) or the cover elements (31, 32) including a reclosable filling opening for filling the insulating material.

3. The structural element (7) for the low heat-bridging attachment of the protruding exterior part to the building envelope as claimed in claim 2, wherein

the outer wall (2) has at least two predetermined breaking points (61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66), said predetermined breaking points (61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66) are adapted to allow the force transmission element (9, 10, 11) to traverse the enveloping element (1) in the use state.

4. The structural element (7) for the low heat-bridging attachment of the protruding exterior part to the building envelope as claimed in claim 3, wherein

at least one of the outer wall (2) or the cover elements (31, 32) comprise a one-piece blank, with fold lines arranged at least one of between the outer wall (2) and the cover elements (31, 21) or within the outer wall (2), and said fold lines serve for converting the blank of the enveloping element (1) from the storage state into the folded use state.

5. The structural element (7) for the low heat-bridging attachment of the protruding exterior part to the building envelope as claimed in claim 3, wherein

the outer wall (2) comprises at least four side walls (21, 22, 23, 24) which, in the use state of the enveloping element (1), are articulated to one another on longitudinal sides thereof, and the predetermined breaking points (61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66) being arranged in alignment on two mutually opposite side walls (21, 23) in the use state.

6. The structural element (7) for the low heat-bridging attachment of the protruding exterior part to the building envelope as claimed in claim 5, wherein

the cover elements (31, 32) are arranged on transverse sides of at least one side wall (21, 22, 23, 24), and the cover elements (31, 32) are articulated toward the inner region of the enveloping element (1) in the use state of the enveloping element (1).

7. The structural element (7) for the low heat-bridging attachment of the protruding exterior part to the building envelope as claimed in claim 6, wherein

a first one of the side walls (21, 22, 23, 24) has, on the longitudinal side, a flap (5) which, in the use state of the enveloping element (1), at least partially overlaps or is plugged into a further one of the side walls (21, 22, 23, 24), and at least one of the side walls (21, 22, 23, 24) or the flap (5) are plugged together or connectable on the longitudinal sides.

8. The structural element (7) for the low heat-bridging attachment of the protruding exterior part to the building envelope as claimed in claim 1, wherein

at least one of the enveloping element (1), the insulating material, or the force transmission elements (9, 10, 11) are formed from a fire-retardant material.

9. The structural element (7) for the low heat-bridging attachment of the protruding exterior part to the building envelope as claimed in claim 8, wherein

the fire retardant material comprises at least one of: from a noncombustible material, particularly preferably from cellulose material, fiber-reinforced cellulose material, cardboard, plastic, fiber-reinforced plastic, plasterboard, cement-impregnated fabric, high-performance concrete slabs, fiber-reinforced concrete slabs.

10. The structural element (7) for the low heat-bridging attachment of the protruding exterior part to the building envelope as claimed in claim 1, wherein

the enveloping element (1) is provided on an outer side with a coating.

11. The structural element (7) for the low heat-bridging attachment of the protruding exterior part to the building envelope as claimed in claim 10, wherein the coating is a noncombustible coating.

12. The structural element (7) for the low heat-bridging attachment of the protruding exterior part to the building envelope as claimed in claim 1, wherein

the insulating material comprises a bulk material and is filled into the enveloping element in the use state.

13. The structural element (7) for the low heat-bridging attachment of the protruding exterior part to the building envelope as claimed in claim 12, wherein

the insulating material is able to be consolidated by at least one of binders or pressure application in the use state of the enveloping element (1).

14. The structural element (7) for the low heat-bridging attachment of the protruding exterior part to the building envelope as claimed in claim 1, wherein

the insulating material comprises one or more insulating material blanks that are placed in the enveloping element in the use state.

15. The structural element (7) for the low heat-bridging attachment of the protruding exterior part to the building envelope as claimed in claim 2, wherein

the inner region of the enveloping element (1) is lined with a bag in the use state, and said bag is filled with the insulating material in the form of bulk material, the bag having at least two predetermined breaking points or through-openings which correspond to the predetermined breaking points (61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66) of the enveloping element, and said predetermined breaking points or through-openings allow the force transmission element (9, 10, 11) to traverse the bag in the use state of the enveloping element.

16. A method for producing the structural element (7) for the low heat-bridging attachment of the protruding exterior part to the building envelope as claimed in claim 1, the method comprising:

providing the enveloping element (1) in the storage state,

converting the enveloping element (1) to the use state by at least one of folding and plugging together the enveloping element (1),

introducing the insulating material into the enveloping element (1) in the use state, and

arranging the at least one force transmission element (9, 10, 11) in a traversing manner through the enveloping element (1) in the use state that is adapted for connection to the protruding exterior part and to the building envelope.

17. The method as claimed in claim 16, further comprising

filling the insulating material into the enveloping element (1) in the form of bulk material, and consolidating the insulating material by at least one of a pressure application or by introducing a binder.

18. The method as claimed in claim 16, further comprising

placing the insulating material in the enveloping element (1) in the form of one or more insulating material blanks.

19. The method as claimed in claim 16, further comprising

providing a coating on an outer side of the enveloping element (1).

20. The method as claimed in claim 16, further comprising

lining an inner region of the enveloping element (1) with a bag in the use state of the enveloping element (1), and filling the insulating material in the form of bulk material into the bag.