FRAME-LESS ENCAPSULATED PHOTO-VOLTAIC (PV) SOLAR POWER PANEL SUPPORTING SOLAR CELL MODULES ENCAPSULATED WITHIN OPTICALLY-TRANSPARENT EPOXY-RESIN MATERIAL
A frame-less epoxy-resin encapsulated solar power panel, in which an optically-transparent epoxy-resin coating is applied over an array of photo-voltaic (PV) solar cell modules mounted on a support sheet of phenolic resin, and supported in a layer of adhesive coating applied as a liquid with a viscosity and a thickness such that the thickness of the layer of adhesive coating is substantially equal to the thickness of the PV solar cell modules, and cured to a sufficient hardness. The optically-transparent epoxy-resin coating, and the cured layer of adhesive coating, reinforce the strength of the sheet of phenolic resin, particularly around the perimeter of the frame-less epoxy-resin encapsulated solar power panel.
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The present Patent Application is a Continuation of co-pending U.S. patent application Ser. No. 15/979,515 filed May 15, 2018, which is a Continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 15/921,458 filed Mar. 14, 2018, now U.S. Pat. No. 10,490,682 granted on Nov. 26, 2019, each commonly owned by National Mechanical Group Corp., and incorporated herein by reference as if fully set forth herein.
BACKGROUND OF INVENTION Field of InventionThe present invention is related to improvements in photo-voltaic solar panel construction, and methods and apparatus for producing the same.
Brief Description of State of the ArtOver the past few decades, the demand for photovoltaic (PV) solar panels has steadily increased with the demand for environmentally clean electrical power generation.
In general, the state of the art in solar panel construction involves mounting PV solar cells or modules on glass substrates encapsulated or laminated using adhesive or like coating. In some applications, the glass-substrates are replaced with reinforced plastic sheets. In other applications, the substrate is realized as a reinforced panel construction, on which the photo-voltaic (PV) solar cell array or module(s) is mounted beneath a top protective panel. These solar panel assemblies are then typically mounted in a framing structure that grips the solar panel assembly at its perimeter. While adding extra weight and depth to the final solar panel assembly, the framing contributes to extra weight, and can make cleaning the exterior surface of the solar panel difficult in most installations.
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While conventional solar panel constructions have advanced over the years in terms of energy generation efficiency, weight and manufacturing requirements have constrained design and performance specifications in many applications.
Clearly, there is a great need for better solar panel construction panel design that is thin, lightweight, sufficiently rigid and strong for mounting in diverse rooftop applications, while overcoming the shortcomings and drawbacks of prior art methods and apparatus.
OBJECTS AND SUMMARY OF THE PRESENT INVENTIONAccordingly, a primary object of the present is to provide a new and improved frame-less epoxy-resin encapsulated solar panel construction, requiring fewer components without edge-based frame structures, while retaining strength and flexibility required in many solar panel applications and overcoming the shortcomings and drawbacks of prior art devices and systems.
Another object of the present invention is to provide such a new and improved frame-less epoxy-resin encapsulated solar panel construction, in which an optically transparent epoxy-resin coating is applied over an array of photo-voltaic (PV) solar cell modules mounted on a sheet of phenolic resin, and supported in a layer of adhesive coating applied as a liquid with a viscosity and a thickness such that the thickness of the layer of adhesive coating is substantially equal to the thickness of the PV solar cell modules, and cured to a sufficient hardness, after which the epoxy-resin coating is applied over the array of PV solar cell modules and the cured layer of adhesive coating so as to reinforce the strength of the sheet of phenolic resin, particularly around the perimeter of the sheet of phenolic resin.
Another object of the present invention is to provide such a new frame-less epoxy-resin encapsulated solar panel construction, in which the optically-transparent epoxy-resin coating is applied over the array of the PV solar cell modules and the cured layer of adhesive coating in an applied thickness sufficient to provide the strength and rigidity required for diverse rooftop applications.
Another object of the present invention is to provide such a new frame-less epoxy-resin encapsulated solar panel construction, in which the edge portions thereof comprise the cured layer of adhesive coating on the sheet of phenolic resin, and the optically-transparent epoxy-resin coating applied over the cured layer of adhesive coating.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a new and improved frame-less epoxy-resin encapsulated solar panel construction comprising an array of photo-voltaic (PV) solar cell modules connected to an electrically-conductive bus bar assembly, adhesively bonded to a sheet of phenolic resin, and encapsulated in a layer of adhesive material having a thickness substantially equal to the array of solar cell modules, and wherein the array of photo cell modules, conductors and buses and adhesive layer are coated with an optically transparent layer of epoxy-resin material which is allowed to partially cure, whereupon a polycarbonate sheet is applied and bonded to the optically transparent layer encapsulating the array of photo cell modules on the phenolic resin sheet, and an optically transparent epoxy resin coating is applied over the polycarbonate sheet to provide a thin clear coating that is hydro-phobic and oleo-phobic to provide self-cleaning action when wet during rain showers.
Another object of the present invention is to provide such a new frame-less epoxy-resin encapsulated solar panel construction, which has sufficient strength and rigidity required for diverse rooftop applications.
Another object of the present invention is to provide such a new frame-less epoxy-resin encapsulated solar panel construction, in which the edge portions of the frame-less epoxy-resin encapsulated solar panel construction can be easily drilled to form mounting holes without the risk of damaging the panel or compromising its strength or integrity.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a novel automated factory system for mass producing frame-less epoxy-resin encapsulated solar panels in a low-cost highly automated manner.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a novel automated process for mass producing frame-less epoxy-resin encapsulated solar panels in a low-cost highly automated manner.
These and other benefits and advantages to be gained by using the features of the present invention will become more apparent hereinafter and in the appended Claims to Invention.
The following Objects of the Present Invention will become more fully understood when read in conjunction of the Detailed Description of the Illustrative Embodiments, and the appended Drawings, wherein:
Referring to the accompanying Drawings, like structures and elements shown throughout the figures thereof shall be indicated with like reference numerals.
Specification of the Frame-Less Epoxy-Resin Encapsulated Solar Panel Construction of the First Illustrative Embodiment of the Present InventionAs shown, the arrays and modules of PV solar cell modules 11 and electrical connectors 13 and buses 14 are adhesively bonded to a non-conductive reinforced sheet of phenolic resin 15 of dimensions (e.g. 99 cm by 196 cm, or 99 cm by 164 cm) of the panel being constructed, using a layer of optically transparent adhesive material (e.g. Liquiguard® FTC-03F coating) 16 applied to the sheet of phenolic resin 175, with a dried film thickness (DFT) substantially equal to the thickness of the array of solar cell modules 11, typically in the range of 150 to 325 microns. Preferably, LiquiGuard® FTC-03F water-based air-dried liquid coating 16 from Liquiguard Technologies, Inc. is used to realize the adhesive coating layer 16. An optically transparent epoxy-resin encapsulating layer (e.g. Liquiguard® Silcote-AP coating) 17 of 1.0 to 1.5 mm thick is applied over the adhesively-bonded array of solar cell modules 12, electrical conductors 13 and buses 14, and adhesive layer coating 16. This encapsulating layer 17 is then allowed to air dry and cure. The curing time for the Liquiguard® Silcote-AP coating 17 will typically take about 3 hours at room temperature. Thereafter, an optically transparent (e.g. clear) epoxy-resin top-protective coating 18 (e.g. Liquiguard® EFS-100 coating) is applied over the optically transparent epoxy-resin (Silcote-AP) coating 17 at a dry film thickness (DFT) of about 0.1 mm, to form a top-protective and self-cleaning coating 18 for the solar panel assembly 10 constructed during the manufacturing process. The resulting PV solar panel assembly construction 10 is frameless, and has high-strength edges that can be drilled, on job sites, with holes for edge mounting in diverse environments including, for example, horizontal and inclined rooftops, as well as vertical wall mounting applications.
In the preferred embodiment, the photo-voltaic solar cell modules 12 are commercially available from various manufacturers and suppliers, and may be made from various photo-voltaic technologies including, for example: (i) mono-crystalline or multi-crystalline silicon photo-voltaic solar cell modules; (ii) copper indium gallium selenide (CIGS) photo-voltaic solar cell modules; (iii) cadmium telluride (CdTe) photo-voltaic solar cell modules; (iv) peroskite photo-voltaic solar cell modules; and (v) organic photo-voltaic solar cell modules, or plastic photo-voltaic solar cell modules.
Preferably, the non-conductive reinforced phenolic resin sheet 15 will have a thickness between ⅛ to 3/16 inches, and provide a support substrate for the solar cell assembly under construction. The reinforced phenolic resin sheet 15 can be made to be clear (i.e. light transparent) or colored with the addition of dye pigment during the manufacturing process. Such reinforced phenolic resin sheets 15 are commercially available from numerous vendors.
Preferably, the adhesive encapsulating layer 16 is realized using the LiquiGuard® FTC-03F water-based/air-dried polymer adhesive coating consisting of a one part system that does not polymerize to achieve adhesive bonding. In this case, the adhesion occurs because of the high tack and phenolic content of the polymer, and the bond is developed through the process of the water content evaporating from the fluid material. In the illustrative embodiment, the LiquiGuard® FTC-03F adhesive liquid has a viscosity of 3000 cps in its uncured state, with 35% solids, and applied with a dried film thickness (DFT) substantially equal to that of a photo-cell (e.g. 150-325 microns). This condition ensures that the top surfaces of the array of PV photo cell modules and surrounding adhesive coating reside substantially in the same plane, to provide relatively smooth and planar surface characteristics when the PV photo-cell modules 12 and electrical conductors 13 and buses 14 are adhesively mounted to the phenolic resin sheet 15. This liquid adhesive coating 16 can be evaporatively-dried without cross-linking using a drying tunnel on the production line to accelerate drying time, as will be discussed in greater detail hereinafter. When dried/cured, this adhesive coating 16 has high-tensile strength required for the application at hand.
The optically transparent epoxy-resin top-protective coating 18 applied over the adhesive encapsulating coating 17 can be realized using the LiquiGuard® Silcote-AP advanced polymer formulation, from LiquiGuard Technologies, Inc. The LiquiGuard® Silcote-AP coating 17 is an inorganic hybrid two-part coating polymer formulation which, when cured, provides a durable coating that protects the photo-cell array 11 and electrical conductors 13 and buses 14 mounted on the phenolic resin sheet 15. The 2-part Silcote-AP coating 17 is supplied as Part-A and Part-B, where Part-A is the resin and Part-B is the catalyst that enables the curing and hardening of the resin to develop the ultimate physical properties. The mixing ratio is 6:1 and should be strictly maintained in order to ensure optimal functionality. For example, six parts of Part-A can be poured into a plastic or metal container just prior to application. Then one part of Part-B is added to the Part-A in the container and the mix is gently stirred until a clear slightly straw colored liquid is obtained which ensures that the two parts have thoroughly homogenized. This two-part liquid coating can be applied over the photo-cell modules 12 and conductors 13 and buses 14 and cured adhesive encapsulating coating 16 using either a spray applicator, roller, brush or other mechanical coating means preferably under robotic control to achieve the desired thickness.
When using the LiquiGuard® Silcote-AP formulation 17, the manufacturing area should be well ventilated and there should be no exposure to open flames or sparks of any kind. Each gallon of Silcote-AP liquid coating 17 provides a single coat coverage over approximately 750 to 1000 square feet, at approximately 1.5 mil DFT (0.37 mm dry film thickness) depending on the nature of the substrate and method of application. The ‘wet edge’ or working time of Silcote-AP is approximately 2 hours making it very spray process friendly. It is important to mix only enough material that can be comfortably and properly coated during this time window. The Silcote-AP liquid coating formulation 17 has a 2 to 3 hour working time. Full cure requires approximately 8 hours. The chemical integration of the resin matrix will continue over 48 to 72 hours after application, at which time the Silcote-AP coating will achieve its optimal abrasion, chemical and weather resistant properties.
In the illustrative embodiment, the Liquiguard® EFS-100 coating is a two component formulation, containing 100% solids while emitting a mild odor and zero volatile organic components (VOCs). This top coating formulation 18 has a fine particle size and low-viscosity making it extremely easy to apply using conventional tools such as brush, roller or spray equipment. The EFS-100 product is a carefully engineered with a suggested mix ratio of Part A to Part B specified in the EFS-100 Application Instructions. While the liquid mix has a ‘pot life’ (i.e. working time) of several hours, the applied coating itself will fully cure in less than an hour. One gallon of EFS-100 mixture can cover approximately 3200 square feet when applied at a 10 micron (0.1 mm) dry film thickness (DFT). The EFS-100 mixture is available in either a gloss or matte finish, and has outstanding durability.
When using the LiquiGuard® system of adhesive and epoxy-resin products described above (i.e. LiquiGuard® FTC-03F adhesive liquid, LiquiGuard® Silcote-AP epoxy-resin formulation, and LiquiGuard® EFS-100 epoxy-resin formulation), it is expected that none of these components of the frameless encapsulated epoxy-resin PV solar panel construction 10 of the first illustrative embodiment will discolor or yellow during the lifetime of the frameless solar panel construction, and otherwise remain optically transparent and crystal clear, unlike conventional epoxy-resin based systems known in the art. The advantage of this system will be a more attractive looking product with great aesthetic value to the consumer, and less filtering of solar radiation energy from the Sun, and therefore improving the energy conversion efficiency of the PV solar cell arrays encapsulated in the solar panel construction.
In the illustrative embodiment, conventional automated production lines and machinery for PV panels systems can be adapted and modify as necessary, in view of the present invention disclosure, to product and operate the automated production lines and factory system described herein and modeled in detail in
When realizing the automated polymer adhesive coating subsystem 28, spray application technology and/or mechanical applications can be used to apply the adhesive coating to the desired thickness, at the required temperatures for the liquid adhesive being used.
When realizing the air drying tunnel subsystem 34, electric or gas driven heaters can be used to maintain the temperature in the drying tunnel to accelerate the air-drying process, involving the adhesive, as desired.
When realizing the epoxy resin coating subsystem 36, spray application technology and/or mechanical applications can be used to apply the 2-part epoxy-resin coating to the desired thickness, at the required temperatures for the liquid polymer coating being used. Providing sufficient dwell time along the production line is required to enable the polymer resin molecules to polymerize in the presence of the hardeners, and achieve the desired epoxy-resin coating for the present invention.
When realizing the curing and trimming stage 37, manual and/or automated cutting mechanisms can be employed, to trim any excess material from the panel during the manufacturing process.
Specification of the Process of Manufacturing the Frame-Less Epoxy-Resin Encapsulated Solar Panel Construction of the Present InventionIn the illustrative embodiment, the phenolic resin sheet 23 has physical dimensions (L×W) commensurate with the size of the panel construction as shown in
The adhesive encapsulating layer 16 deposited on the phenolic resin substrate sheet 15 can be realized using LiquiGuard® FTC-03F liquid coating, described above, applied at a dry film thickness (DFT) equal to the thickness of a photo-cells in the array 12. The adhesive coating 16 can be dried using a drying tunnel to accelerate drying time.
The array of PV photo cell modules 12 are connected together with conductive strips 13 and buses 14, known in the art, using stringing and tabbing machines. Mondragon Assembly, an internationally recognized producer of equipment for the manufacture of solar panels, makes and sells tabbing and stringer equipment, interconnection equipment, PV module testing, etc. for use in practicing the factory system of the present invention. They design and provide turnkey production lines and machinery for photovoltaic systems. https://www.mondragon-assembly.com/solar-automation-solutions/
The optically transparent epoxy resin encapsulating layer 17 is realized using two-component hybrid polysioxane clear coating (e.g. Silcote-AP from LiquiGuard Technologies) containing a 100% solids and applied to 1.0 to 1.25 mm thickness, and allowed to partially cure for approximately 1.5 hours.
The clear polycarbonate sheet has a thickness of a ⅛ to 3/16 inch applied to and upon the partially-cured Silcote-AP coating 17, so that the polycarbonate sheet 23 will bond thereto when the epoxy-resin completely cures over the next 1.5 hours. The clear polycarbonate sheet 23 placed on top of the partially-cured Silcote-AP coating 17 permits the polycarbonate sheet 23 to bond with the Silcote-AP coating 17 and become a fully attached part of the lower assembly without the need for attachment hardware. The function of the polycarbonate sheet 23 is to provide a high impact barrier to hail and other harsh environmental elements which may come in contact with the solar panel construction.
As shown, an optically transparent epoxy-resin top-protective coating 18 is applied over the polycarbonate sheet 23, and can be realized using LiquiGuard® EFS-100 2-component epoxy-resin coating 18, described above, applied at a thickness of about 0.1 mm, dry film thickness (DFT). This clear epoxy-resin top-protective coating 18 is extremely hydro-phobic, oleo-phobic and ice-phobic, preventing dirt and other contaminants from bonding to the surface, and enable easy cleaning and self-cleaning during rain showers.
The resulting PV solar panel assembly construction 10″′ is frameless, and has high-strength edges that can be drilled, on job sites, with holes for edge mounting in diverse environments including, for example, horizontal and inclined rooftops, as well as vertical wall mounting applications.
In the preferred embodiment, the photo-voltaic solar cell modules 12 are commercially available from various manufacturers and suppliers, and may be made from various photo-voltaic technologies including, for example: (i) mono-crystalline or multi-crystalline silicon photo-voltaic solar cell modules; (ii) copper indium gallium selenide (CIGS) photo-voltaic solar cell modules; (iii) cadmium telluride (CdTe) photo-voltaic solar cell modules; (iv) peroskite photo-voltaic solar cell modules; and (v) organic photo-voltaic solar cell modules, or plastic photo-voltaic solar cell modules.
Preferably, the non-conductive reinforced phenolic resin sheet 15 will have a thickness between ⅛ to 3/16 inches, and provide a support substrate for the solar cell assembly. The reinforced phenolic resin sheet can be made to be clear (i.e. light transparent) or colored with the addition of dye pigment during the manufacturing process. Such reinforced phenolic resin sheets 15 are commercially available from numerous vendors.
Preferably, the adhesive encapsulating layer 16 can be realized using LiquiGuard® FTC-03F water-based air-dried polymer adhesive coating consisting of a one part system that does not polymerize to achieve adhesive bonding. In this case, the adhesion occurs because of the high tack and phenolic content of the polymer, and the bond is developed through the process of the water content evaporating from the fluid material. In the illustrative embodiment, the LiquiGuard® FTC-03F adhesive has a viscosity of 3000 cps, with 35% solids, when being applied with a dried film thickness (DFT) substantially equal to that of a photo-cell (e.g. 150-325 microns) so that the top surfaces of the photo cell modules and surrounding adhesive coating reside substantially in the same plane, to provide relatively smooth and planar surface characteristics. This liquid adhesive coating can be evaporatively-dried without cross-linking using a drying tunnel on the production line to accelerate drying time, as will be discussed in greater detail hereinafter.
The optically transparent or clear epoxy-resin encapsulating coating 17 applied over the adhesive encapsulating coating 16 can be realized using LiquiGuard® Silcote-AP, from LiquiGuard Technologies, Inc., described above, in the same mixing ratio. The optically transparent or clear epoxy-resin top-protective coating 18 can be realized using the LiquiGuard® EFS-100 two-component formulation, described above, in the same mixing ratio.
When using the LiquiGuard® system of adhesive and epoxy-resin products described above (i.e. LiquiGuard® FTC-03F adhesive liquid, LiquiGuard® Silcote-AP epoxy-resin formulation, and LiquiGuard® EFS-100 epoxy-resin formulation), it is also expected that none of these components of the frameless encapsulated epoxy-resin PV solar panel construction 10″′ of the second illustrative embodiment will discolor or yellow during the lifetime of the frameless solar panel construction, and otherwise remain optically transparent and crystal clear, unlike conventional epoxy-resin based systems known in the art. The advantage of this system will be a more attractive looking product with great aesthetic value to the consumer, and less filtering of solar radiation energy from the Sun, and therefore improving the energy conversion efficiency of the PV solar cell arrays encapsulated in the solar panel construction 10″′.
In the illustrative embodiment, conventional automated production lines and machinery for PV panels systems can be adapted and modify as necessary, in view of the present invention disclosure, to product and operate the automated production lines and factory system described herein and modeled in detail in
When realizing the automated polymer adhesive coating subsystem 28, spray application technology and/or mechanical applications can be used to apply the adhesive coating to the desired thickness, at the required temperatures for the liquid adhesive being used.
When realizing the air drying tunnel subsystem 34, electric or gas driven heaters can be used to maintain the temperature in the drying tunnel to accelerate the air-drying process, involving the adhesive, as desired.
When realizing the epoxy resin coating subsystem 36, spray application technology and/or mechanical applications can be used to apply the 2-part epoxy-resin coating to the desired thickness, at the required temperatures for the liquid polymer coating being used. Providing sufficient dwell time along the production line is required to enable the polymer resin molecules to polymerize in the presence of the hardeners, and achieve the desired epoxy-resin coating for the present invention.
When realizing the curing and trimming stage 37, manual and/or automated cutting mechanisms can be employed, to trim any excess material from the panel during the manufacturing process.
When realizing the polycarbonate panel installation subsystem 46, an automated robot with appropriate sensors and feedback will be used to install the polycarbonate panel with precision on the partially-cured epoxy-resin coating, as described in detail herein.
When realizing the top epoxy-resin coating subsystem 38, spray application technology and/or mechanical applications can be used to apply the epoxy-resin top-coating to the desired thickness, at the required temperatures for the liquid polymer coating being used. Providing sufficient dwell time along the production line is required to enable the polymer resin molecules to polymerize in the presence of the hardeners, and achieve the desired top epoxy-resin top-coating for the present invention.
Specification of the Process of Manufacturing the Frame-Less Epoxy-Resin Encapsulated Solar Panel Construction of the Present InventionModifications to the Present Invention which Readily Come to Mind
The illustrative embodiments disclose novel methods and apparatus for producing lightweight yet strong frame-less photo-voltaic solar panels using a combination of phenolic resin sheets and epoxy-resin coatings, without the use of glass sheets. However, it is understood that such frame-less solar panel constructions may be provided with frame structures for cosmetic and/or mounting purposes, as the application may require, without departing from the principles of the present invention. In general, however, the PV solar cell panel constructions of the present invention do not require frame structures for strength and integrity due to the novel nature of their construction and assembly.
These and other variations and modifications will come to mind in view of the present invention disclosure. While several modifications to the illustrative embodiments have been described above, it is understood that various other modifications to the illustrative embodiment of the present invention will readily occur to persons with ordinary skill in the art. All such modifications and variations are deemed to be within the scope and spirit of the present invention as defined by the accompanying Claims to Invention.
Claims
1. A frame-less epoxy-resin encapsulated solar panel construction comprising:
- a support sheet made of non-conductive and reinforced material;
- an array of photo-voltaic (PV) solar cell modules connected to an electrically-conductive bus bar assembly and having top surfaces, and being adhesively bonded to said support sheet and encapsulated in an optically transparent layer of adhesive coating material;
- wherein said optically transparent layer of adhesive coating material has a thickness equal to said array of PV solar cell modules so that the top surfaces of said PV photo cell modules and surrounding adhesive coating material reside in the same plane so as to form a planar surface;
- an optically transparent epoxy-resin encapsulating layer applied over said planar surface formed by said array of (PV) solar cell modules, said electrically-conductive bus bar assembly and said optically transparent layer of adhesive coating material; and
- an optically transparent epoxy-resin top coating applied over said optically transparent epoxy-resin encapsulating layer, for providing self-cleaning action when wet during rain showers;
- wherein a high-strength edge portion is formed all around the perimeter of said frame-less epoxy-resin encapsulated solar panel construction, between said optically transparent epoxy-resin top coating and said support sheet; and
- wherein said high-strength edge portion of said frame-less epoxy-resin encapsulated solar panel construction is free of said array of PV solar panel modules and said electrically-conductive bus bar assembly so that mounting holes can be drilled through said high-strength edge portion without the risk of damaging said array of PV solar panel modules and said electrically-conductive bus bar assembly, and compromising the strength and integrity of said frame-less epoxy-resin solar panel construction.
2. The frame-less epoxy-resin encapsulated solar panel construction of claim 1, wherein said support sheet is made of non-conductive and reinforced phenolic resin material.
3. The frame-less epoxy-resin encapsulated solar panel construction of claim 1, wherein said optically transparent epoxy-resin top coating is applied over said optically transparent epoxy-resin layer at a dry film thickness (DFT) of at least 0.1 mm.
4. The frame-less epoxy-resin encapsulated solar panel construction of claim 1, wherein said mounting holes drilled through said high-strength edge portion of said frame-less epoxy-resin encapsulated solar panel construction allow for the mounting of said frame-less epoxy-resin encapsulated solar panel construction in diverse environments including, horizontal and inclined rooftops, and vertical wall mounting applications.
5. The frame-less epoxy-resin encapsulated solar panel construction of claim 1, wherein said photo-voltaic (PV) solar cell modules are made from various photo-voltaic technologies selected from the group consisting of (i) mono-crystalline or multi-crystalline silicon photo-voltaic solar cell modules, (ii) copper indium gallium selenide (CIGS) photo-voltaic solar cell modules, (iii) cadmium telluride (CdTe) photo-voltaic solar cell modules, (iv) perovskite photo-voltaic solar cell modules, and (v) organic photo-voltaic solar cell modules, and plastic photo-voltaic solar cell modules.
6. The frame-less epoxy-resin encapsulated solar panel construction of claim 1 wherein said support sheet has a thickness between ⅛ to 3/16 inches.
7. The frame-less epoxy-resin encapsulated solar panel construction of claim 1, which further comprises an electrical connector junction box mounted to the rear of said support sheet to provide support for electrical power jacks for connection of electrical power cables that connect said frame-less epoxy-resin encapsulated solar panel to an electrical power system supported within a building, house or other environment in which said frame-less epoxy-resin encapsulated solar panel construction is installed.
8. A method of manufacturing a frame-less epoxy-resin encapsulated solar power panel along a solar power panel production line in a solar panel factory system, said method comprising the steps of:
- (a) supplying a stack of support sheets to a conveyor transport system of a solar power panel production line, wherein each said support sheet is made of non-conductive and reinforced material, and has a top surface and a bottom surface;
- (b) applying an optically transparent layer of adhesive coating material to the top surface of one said support sheet;
- (c) placing an array of photo-voltaic (PV) solar cell modules connected to an electrically-conductive bus bar assembly on said optically transparent layer of adhesive coating applied to the top surface of said support sheet,
- wherein said optically transparent layer of adhesive coating material has a thickness equal to said array of PV solar cell modules so that the top surfaces of said PV photo cell modules and surrounding adhesive coating material reside in the same plane so as to form a planar surface;
- (d) applying an optically transparent epoxy-resin encapsulating layer over said planar surface formed by said array of (PV) solar cell modules, said electrically-conductive bus bar assembly and said optically transparent layer of adhesive coating material;
- (e) curing said optically transparent epoxy-resin encapsulating layer applied over said array of PV solar cell modules, said electrically-conductive bus bar assembly and said optically transparent layer of adhesive coating material;
- (f) applying an optically transparent epoxy-resin top coating over said cured optically transparent epoxy-resin encapsulating layer, for providing self-cleaning action when wet during rain showers;
- (g) curing said optically transparent epoxy-resin top coating applied over said cured optically transparent epoxy-resin encapsulating layer;
- wherein a high-strength edge portion is formed all around the perimeter of said frame-less epoxy-resin encapsulated solar power panel construction, between said optically transparent epoxy-resin top coating and said support sheet; and
- wherein said high-strength edge portion of said frame-less epoxy-resin encapsulated solar power panel construction is free of said array of PV solar cell modules and said electrically-conductive bus bar assembly so that mounting holes can be drilled through said high-strength edge portion without the risk of damaging said array of PV solar cell modules and said electrically-conductive bus bar assembly, and without the risk of compromising the strength and integrity of said frame-less epoxy-resin solar power panel construction;
- (h) mounting an electrical connector to the bottom surface of said support sheet;
- (i) testing said frame-less epoxy-resin encapsulated solar power panel construction under an artificial-sun light source, and determining that said frame-less epoxy-resin encapsulated solar power panel construction meets a set of minimum electrical and mechanical performance specifications; and
- (j) packaging each said frame-less epoxy-resin encapsulated solar power panel construction produced from said solar power panel production line of said solar panel factory system.
9. The method of claim 8, wherein said optically transparent epoxy-resin top coating is applied over said optically transparent epoxy-resin layer at a dry film thickness (DFT) of at least 0.1 mm.
10. The method of claim 8, which further comprises drilling said mounting holes through said high-strength edge portion of said frame-less epoxy-resin encapsulated solar power panel construction so as to allow for the mounting of said frame-less epoxy-resin encapsulated solar power panel construction in diverse environments including, horizontal and inclined rooftops, and vertical wall mounting applications.
11. The method of claim 8, wherein said photo-voltaic (PV) solar cell modules are made from various photo-voltaic technologies selected from the group consisting of (i) mono-crystalline or multi-crystalline silicon photo-voltaic solar cell modules, (ii) copper indium gallium selenide (CIGS) photo-voltaic solar cell modules, (iii) cadmium telluride (CdTe) photo-voltaic solar cell modules, (iv) perovskite photo-voltaic solar cell modules, and (v) organic photo-voltaic solar cell modules, and plastic photo-voltaic solar cell modules.
12. The method of claim 8, wherein each said support sheet is a phenolic resin support sheet.
13. The method of claim 8, wherein each said support sheet has a thickness between ⅛ to 3/16 inches.
14. The method of claim 8, which further comprises mounting an electrical connector junction box to said electrical connector so as to provide support for electrical power jacks for connection of electrical power cables that connect said frame-less epoxy-resin encapsulated solar power panel to an electrical power system supported within a building, house or other environment in which said frame-less epoxy-resin encapsulated solar power panel construction is installed.
Type: Application
Filed: Dec 13, 2019
Publication Date: May 21, 2020
Applicant: National Mechanical Group Corp. (Manalapan, NJ)
Inventor: Nicholas B. Campanella (Manalapan, NJ)
Application Number: 16/713,393