BOILER AND METHOD FOR CONTROLLING BOILER
An object of the present disclosure is to appropriately reduce NOx and CO. A boiler includes: a can body having water pipe; a burner for supplying primary fuel and air into the can body; a secondary fuel supply unit for supplying secondary fuel into the can body downstream of the burner in a flow direction of combustion gas; a cooling line for introducing a cooling fluid for reducing temperature of a predetermined space in the can body downstream of the burner in the flow direction of the combustion gas; a flow rate adjusting unit capable of adjusting a flow rate of the cooling fluid introduced into the can body from the cooling line; and a control unit for controlling the flow rate adjusting unit to control the flow rate of the cooling fluid such that the temperature of the predetermined space is 800° C. or more and 1200° C. or less.
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The present disclosure relates to a boiler and a method for controlling the boiler.
2. Description of the Related ArtAs the boiler for generating steam using heat obtained by burning a fuel gas, as disclosed in, for example, JP-A-2006-220373 and JP-A-2011-133180, there is a boiler which performs two-stage combustion by further including a fuel supply unit for supplying the fuel gas to a downstream side of a burner for supplying the fuel gas into a can body. JP-A-2006-220373 and JP-A-2011-133180 describe that NOx, CO, and oxygen concentrations contained in exhaust gas can be reduced with the above configuration. Further, JP-A-2011-133180 describes that the exhaust gas from the can body is drawn by an ejector and recirculated to the can body.
SUMMARYFor example, in JP-A-2011-133180, a position to which combustion gas is supplied is adjusted depending on an amount of combustion; however, there is room for further improvement in controlling temperature appropriately in the can body to reduce NOx and CO in the two-stage combustion described in JP-A-2006-220373 and JP-A-2011-133180.
An aspect of the present disclosure aims to provide the boiler for appropriately reducing NOx and CO and the method for controlling the boiler
According to an aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a boiler including: a can body having water pipe; a burner connected to the can body and for supplying primary fuel and air into the can body; a secondary fuel supply unit for supplying secondary fuel into the can body downstream of the burner in a flow direction of combustion gas; a cooling line for introducing a cooling fluid for reducing temperature of a predetermined space in the can body downstream of the burner in the flow direction of the combustion gas; a flow rate adjusting unit provided in the cooling line and capable of adjusting a flow rate of the cooling fluid introduced into the can body from the cooling line; and a control unit for controlling the flow rate adjusting unit to control the flow rate of the cooling fluid introduced into the can body such that the temperature of the predetermined space is 800° C. or more and 1200° C. or less.
According to an aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a method for controlling a boiler including: a can body having water pipe; a burner connected to the can body and for supplying primary fuel and air into the can body; a secondary fuel supply unit for supplying secondary fuel into the can body downstream of the burner in a flow direction of combustion gas; a cooling line for introducing a cooling fluid for reducing temperature of a predetermined space in the can body downstream of the burner in the flow direction of the combustion gas; and a flow rate adjusting unit provided in the cooling line and capable of adjusting a flow rate of the cooling fluid introduced into the can body from the cooling line. The method controls the flow rate adjusting unit to control the flow rate of the cooling fluid introduced into the can body such that the temperature of the predetermined space is 800° C. or more and 1200° C. or less.
According to an aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided the boiler for appropriately reducing NOx and CO and the method for controlling the boiler.
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present disclosure will be described with reference to the drawings, but the present disclosure is not limited thereto. Components of the embodiments described below can be combined as appropriate. In addition, some components may not be used.
In the following description, combustion gas is a concept including at least one of gas in which combustion reaction of fuel gas is completed and the fuel gas during the combustion reaction, and including all of a case where both the gas in which the combustion reaction of the fuel gas is completed and the fuel gas during the combustion reaction are included, a case where only the fuel gas during the combustion reaction is included, and a case where only the gas in which the combustion reaction of the fuel gas is completed is included.
First Embodiment (Entire Structure of Boiler)As shown in
The water tube group 50 has a plurality of water tubes 51, 52, 53 in which water or steam flows. The water pipes 51, 52, 53 are provided in the main body 40 and extend in the Z direction, and connect the upper header 42 and the lower header 44. As shown in
The blower 12 supplies air A for mixing with a primary fuel F1 described below. The duct 14 is a duct connected to the blower 12 and the air A supplied from the blower 12 flows therethrough. The primary fuel supply unit 22 is connected to the duct 14. Specifically, as shown in
Further, as shown in
As shown in
The duct 14 is also connected to the main body 40 of the can body 10. The duct 14 is connected to a portion opposite to the X direction of the main body 40, that is, an upstream portion in the flow direction of the combustion gas. Further, a burner 16 is provided at a connection portion between the duct 14 and the main body 40. That is, it can be said that the burner 16 is connected to the can body 10 and is connected to a portion opposite to the X direction of the main body 40. The mixed gas F1A flowing through the duct 14 is supplied to the burner 16. The burner 16 supplies the mixed gas F1A, that is, the primary fuel F1 and the air A into the main body 40 of the can body 10.
The exhaust stack 18 is connected to the main body 40 of the can body 10 and, more specifically, connected to a portion in the X direction of the main body 40 (the most downstream portion in the flow direction of the combustion gas). The combustion gas in the main body 40 is discharged as exhaust gas from inside the main body 40 to the exhaust stack 18.
The secondary fuel supply unit 24 supplies the secondary fuel F2 into the can body 10 downstream of the burner 16 in the flow direction of the combustion gas. Specifically, as shown in
The secondary fuel supply line 74 is connected to a portion downstream of the connection portion of the secondary fuel supply line 70 with the secondary fuel adjusting valve 72 in flow of the secondary fuel F2. The secondary fuel supply line 74 is supplied with the secondary fuel F2 from the secondary fuel supply line 70 through the secondary fuel adjusting valve 72. The secondary fuel supply line 74 is also connected to the main body 40 of the can body 10. More specifically, the secondary fuel supply line 74 is connected to a portion in the X direction (downstream in the flow direction of the combustion gas) than a connection portion of the main body 40 with the burner 16. Therefore, the secondary fuel supply line 74 supplies the secondary fuel F2 from the secondary fuel supply line 70 into the can body 10 downstream of the burner 16 in the flow direction of the combustion gas. Furthermore, the secondary fuel supply line 74 is connected to a downstream side of a portion in which the combustion by the primary fuel F1 starts in the can body 10, that is, the downstream side of an ignition unit (not shown). The secondary fuel supply line 74 is preferably connected to a position in which temperature of the combustion gas is 800° C. or higher, that is, the position in which the secondary fuel F2 is appropriately self-combusted to a temperature capable of suppressing CO generation. Further, the secondary fuel supply line 74 is preferably connected to a portion opposite to the X direction (upstream in the flow direction of the combustion gas) than the combustion promoting space S. In the present embodiment, two secondary fuel supply lines 74 are provided branched from the secondary fuel supply line 70, and each of them is connected to the main body 40. However, the number of secondary fuel supply lines 74 is arbitrary, and may be one, for example.
As shown in
The flow rate adjusting unit 28 is provided in the cooling line 26. The flow rate adjusting unit 28 adjusts a supply amount of cooling fluid G0 introduced into the can body 10 from the cooling line 26 through the secondary fuel supply line 74 by control of the control device 30. In the present embodiment, the flow rate adjusting unit 28 is a fan. The flow rate adjusting unit 28 draws the cooling fluid G0 (exhaust gas) from the exhaust stack 18 to supply it into the cooling line 26, and supplies the cooling fluid G0 supplied into the cooling line 26 into the can body 10 through the secondary fuel supply line 74. The flow rate adjusting unit 28 adjusts the supply amount of cooling fluid G0 to be supplied to the can body 10 by the control device 30 controlling rotational speed of built-in vane (not shown). However, the flow rate adjusting unit 28 is not limited to controlling the rotational speed, and may adjust the supply amount of cooling fluid G0 by any method, as long as it can adjust the supply amount of cooling fluid G0 to be supplied by the control of the control device 30. For example, the flow rate adjusting unit 28 may adjust the supply amount of cooling fluid G0 by controlling an opening degree of the built-in vane.
In the present embodiment, the cooling line 26, the secondary fuel supply line 70, and the secondary fuel supply line 74 are described as separate pipes. However, since the cooling line 26, the secondary fuel supply line 70, and the secondary fuel supply line 74 are connected to each other, the cooling line 26, the secondary fuel supply line 70, and the secondary fuel supply line 74 can be rephrased as one tube.
In the boiler 1 structured as described above, first, the primary fuel F1 introduced from the fuel supply line 60 and the air A supplied from the blower 12 are mixed in the duct 14 to generate the mixed gas F1A. The mixed gas F1A is supplied from the burner 16 into the main body 40 of the can body 10. The mixed gas F1A supplied into the main body 40 is ignited by the ignition unit (not shown), and the combustion gas with flame in the combustion reaction is formed by the burner 16. The combustion gas flows in the X direction while exchanging heat with the water pipes 51, 52, 53 in the main body 40. The cooling fluid G0 introduced from the cooling line 26 and the secondary fuel F2 introduced from the secondary fuel supply line 70 are mixed in the secondary fuel supply line 74, and introduced to a portion downstream of the burner 16 in the main body 40 in the flow of the combustion gas as mixed gas F2A. The mixed gas F2A is burned in contact with the combustion gas. Thus, the boiler 1 performs two-stage combustion by supplying the mixed gases F1A and F2A from the burner 16 and the secondary fuel supply line 74. The combustion gas supplied with the mixed gas F2A and burned in two stages further flows in the X direction while exchanging heat with the water pipes 51, 52, 53 in the main body 40, and is discharged from the exhaust stack 18 as the exhaust gas.
The boiler 1 according to the present embodiment can reduce an amount of NOx and an amount of CO contained in the combustion gas discharged from the can body 10 by performing the two-stage combustion in this manner. Here, in order to make the secondary fuel F2 self-burn to suppress the generation of CO, it is preferable to maintain temperature at a supply position of the secondary fuel F2 high to some extent. However, if the temperature at the supply position of the secondary fuel F2 is too high, combustion temperature (maximum temperature reached by the combustion) by the secondary fuel F2 may be too high, and the amount of NOx in the combustion gas may increase. Therefore, when performing the two-stage combustion in the boiler 1, it is preferable to maintain the temperature in the can body 10 within a predetermined range in order to suppress the amount of NOx and the amount of CO.
The boiler 1 according to the present embodiment maintains the temperature in the can body 10 within the predetermined range by introducing the cooling fluid G0 into the can body 10. The cooling fluid G0 is a fluid that is not burned by the combustion gas, and has a lower temperature than the combustion gas in the can body 10, so that the temperature in the can body 10 can be reduced. Here, the position at which the cooling fluid G0 is supplied in the can body 10, in other words, the position at which the secondary fuel supply line 74 is connected in the can body 10, is taken as the supply position. The cooling line 26 reduces the temperature of the supply position by supplying the cooling fluid G0 to the supply position in the can body 10. Here, a space in the can body 10 between the supply position and a position in the X direction by a predetermined distance from the supply position is taken as a predetermined space. The cooling line 26 can be said to reduce temperature of the predetermined space by supplying the cooling fluid G0 to the supply position. In the first embodiment, the predetermined space is a space from the supply position to which the secondary fuel F2 is supplied to a downstream side of the combustion gas. That is, it can be said that the cooling line 26 reduces the temperature of the space in which an unburned portion of the primary fuel F1, and the secondary fuel F2 or the secondary fuel F2 burn by supplying the cooling fluid G0 to the supply position. In other words, it can be said that the predetermined space is a space in which at least the secondary fuel F2 out of the primary fuel F1 and the secondary fuel F2 is burned. In the present embodiment, since the supply position is fixed, the predetermined space is a space whose position is fixed in the can body 10, and the position does not move in the can body 10.
As described above, the boiler 1 reduces the temperature of the predetermined space in the can body 10 by introducing the cooling fluid G0 into the can body 10. Further, the boiler 1 maintains the temperature in the can body 10 within the predetermined range by adjusting the amount of cooling fluid G0 to be supplied by the control device 30. The control device 30 will be described below.
(Structure of Control Device)The control unit 80 is a computing device, that is, a CPU (Central Processing Unit). The control unit 80 has an air controller 84, a primary fuel controller 86, a secondary fuel controller 88, and a fluid controller 90. The air controller 84, the primary fuel controller 86, the secondary fuel controller 88, and the fluid controller 90 perform processing to be described below by reading software (program) stored in the storage unit 82. However, the air controller 84, the primary fuel controller 86, the secondary fuel controller 88, and the fluid controller 90 may be respectively constituted by dedicated hardware circuits.
The air controller 84 calculates the supply amount of air A supplied to the can body 10 and controls the supply amount of air A supplied to the can body 10 so as to be the calculated supply amount. Specifically, the air controller 84 calculates the supply amount of air A depending on, for example, a combustion stage instructed to the boiler 1, that is, an instruction of what kind of combustion stage the boiler 1 is operated in. For example, in the present embodiment, information indicating a relationship between the combustion stage and the supply amount of air A is stored in the storage unit 82. The air controller 84 reads this information from the storage unit 82 and substitutes the instructed combustion stage into the relationship to calculate the supply amount of air A. For example, the supply amount of air A is set to be larger as the instructed combustion stage is larger, that is, as the combustion is higher. A method for calculating the supply amount of air A is not limited to this, and may be set arbitrarily. Further, in the boiler 1 in the present embodiment, a plurality of combustion stages is set for each amount of combustion, and for example, four of stop, low combustion, medium combustion, and high combustion are set.
The air controller 84 controls the blower 12 so that the amount of air A thus calculated is supplied. For example, the air controller 84 supplies the calculated amount of air A to the duct 14 by adjusting an opening degree of a damper (not shown) provided upstream of the pressure reducing member 12A shown in
The primary fuel controller 86 calculates the supply amount of primary fuel F1 to be supplied to the can body 10 and controls the supply amount of primary fuel F1 to be supplied to the can body 10 so as to be the calculated supply amount. Specifically, the primary fuel controller 86 calculates a target supply amount of primary fuel F1 based on the supply amount of air A to the duct 14. The primary fuel controller 86 obtains information on the differential pressure between the upstream side and the downstream side of the pressure reducing member 12A from the air differential pressure sensor 12B shown in
The primary fuel controller 86 controls the primary fuel supply unit 22 so that the primary fuel F1 of the target supply amount thus calculated is supplied. Specifically, the primary fuel controller 86 controls the opening degree of the primary fuel adjusting valve 62 to supply the primary fuel F1 for the calculated supply amount to the can body 10. In the present embodiment, the primary fuel controller 86 may obtain information on the differential pressure of the primary fuel F1 between the upstream side and the downstream side of the pressure reducing member 64 from the fuel differential pressure sensor 66, and may obtain the amount of primary fuel F1 actually supplied to the can body 10 from the information on the differential pressure. In this case, the primary fuel controller 86 adjusts the opening degree of the primary fuel adjusting valve 62 so that the amount of primary fuel F1 actually supplied is the target supply amount. The primary fuel controller 86 is not limited to adjusting the opening degree of the primary fuel adjusting valve 62 when controlling the supply amount of primary fuel F1. For example, the primary fuel controller 86 may control the supply amount of primary fuel F1 by means of the mechanical governor provided in the fuel supply line 60, or may control the supply amount of primary fuel F1 using both the governor and the primary fuel adjusting valve 62.
The secondary fuel controller 88 calculates the supply amount of secondary fuel F2 to be supplied to the can body 10, and controls the supply amount of secondary fuel F2 to be supplied to the can body 10 so as to be the calculated supply amount. Specifically, the secondary fuel controller 88 obtains the information on the differential pressure of the primary fuel F1 between the upstream side and the downstream side of the pressure reducing member 64 from the fuel differential pressure sensor 66, and obtains the supply amount of primary fuel F1 to the can body 10 from the information on the obtained differential pressure. The secondary fuel controller 88 may obtain information on the supply amount of primary fuel F1 from the primary fuel controller 86. Then, in the present embodiment, information indicating the relationship between the supply amount of primary fuel F1 and the supply amount of secondary fuel F2 is stored in the storage unit 82. The secondary fuel controller 88 reads the information indicating the relationship between the supply amount of primary fuel F1 and the supply amount of secondary fuel F2 from the storage unit 82, and substitutes the obtained supply amount of primary fuel F1 in the relationship, to calculate the target supply amount of secondary fuel F2. The target supply amount of secondary fuel F2 is set such that the ratio of oxygen contained in the combustion gas after the combustion of the secondary fuel F2 is, for example, 2% or more and 6% or less, preferably about 4%. The combustion gas after the combustion of the secondary fuel F2 refers to the combustion gas in a state in which the combustion reaction of the secondary fuel F2 is completed. Furthermore, it may be rephrased that the combustion gas after the combustion of the secondary fuel F2 is the combustion gas in a state in which the combustion reaction of both the primary fuel F1 and the secondary fuel F2 is completed, and may be rephrased that it is the combustion gas (exhaust gas) discharged from the can body 10. Further, it can be rephrased that the target supply amount of secondary fuel F2 is set such that the air ratio in the case of summing the mixed gas F1A and the mixed gas F2A is a predetermined value. In this case, the air ratio is preferably, for example, 1.1 or more and 1.4 or less. The target supply amount of secondary fuel F2 is not limited to the above description and may be calculated by any method.
Thus, the target supply amount of secondary fuel F2 is set depending on the supply amount of primary fuel F1. When the supply amount of primary fuel F1 is adjusted by the information on the differential pressure from the fuel differential pressure sensor 66, the supply of the secondary fuel F2 is also appropriately performed by responding to the supply amount of primary fuel F1. However, a method for calculating the target supply amount of secondary fuel F2 is not limited to this. For example, an oxygen concentration sensor may be provided in the exhaust stack 18, and the secondary fuel controller 88 may set the target supply amount of secondary fuel F2 such that the ratio of oxygen contained in the combustion gas after combustion of the secondary fuel F2 is a predetermined ratio in response to a detection result of oxygen concentration contained in the combustion gas in the exhaust stack 18 by the oxygen concentration sensor.
The secondary fuel controller 88 controls the secondary fuel supply unit 24 so that the secondary fuel F2 of the target supply amount thus calculated is supplied. Specifically, the secondary fuel controller 88 controls the opening degree of the secondary fuel adjusting valve 72, to supply the can body 10 with the secondary fuel F2 for the calculated supply amount. The secondary fuel controller 88 is not limited to adjusting the opening degree of the secondary fuel adjusting valve 72 when controlling the supply amount of secondary fuel F2. For example, the secondary fuel controller 88 may control the supply amount of secondary fuel F2 by means of the mechanical governor provided in the secondary fuel supply line 70, or may control the supply amount of secondary fuel F2 using both the governor and the secondary fuel adjusting valve 72.
Note that it can be said that the supply amount of secondary fuel F2 is an amount capable of consuming about 8% of oxygen contained in the combustion gas to about 4% by combustion, and it is proportional to the supply amount of primary fuel F1. That is, the secondary fuel controller 88 increases the supply amount of secondary fuel F2 in proportion to an increase of the supply amount of primary fuel F1.
The fluid controller 90 controls the flow rate adjusting unit 28 to change the amount of cooling fluid G0 supplied into the can body 10 depending on the supply amount of secondary fuel F2. More specifically, the fluid controller 90 calculates the supply amount of cooling fluid G0 to be supplied to the can body 10 and controls the supply amount of cooling fluid G0 to be supplied to the can body 10 so as to be the calculated supply amount. The fluid controller 90 controls the flow rate adjusting unit 28 to supply the can body 10 with the cooling fluid G0 for the calculated supply amount.
The fluid controller 90 calculates the amount of cooling fluid G0 to be supplied into the can body 10 based on the supply amount of secondary fuel F2. Specifically, the fluid controller 90 calculates the supply amount of cooling fluid G0 such that the temperature of the predetermined space in the can body 10 is within a predetermined temperature range. The predetermined temperature range is 800° C. or more and 1200° C. or less, but more preferably 1000° C. or more and 1200° C. or less. Further, as described above, since the predetermined space is a space in which the unburned portion of the primary fuel F1 and the secondary fuel F2, or the secondary fuel F2 is burned, it can be said that the fluid controller 90 controls the flow rate adjusting unit 28 to adjust a flow rate of the cooling fluid G0 such that the combustion temperature by the primary fuel F1 and the secondary fuel F2 is within the predetermined temperature range. In other words, it can be said that the fluid controller 90 supplies the cooling fluid G0 for the flow rate capable of setting the combustion temperature in the predetermined space within the predetermined temperature range. For example, in the present embodiment, information indicating the relationship between the supply amount of secondary fuel F2 and the supply amount of cooling fluid G0 such that the temperature of the predetermined space in the can body 10 is within the predetermined temperature range is stored in the storage unit 82. The air controller 84 reads the information from the storage unit 82, and substitutes the supply amount of secondary fuel F2 into the relationship to calculate the supply amount of cooling fluid G0. Since the supply position of the secondary fuel F2 (connection position of the secondary fuel supply line 74) is provided at a position in which the temperature of the combustion gas is 800° C. or higher, it can also be said that the fluid controller 90 controls the supply amount of cooling fluid G0 so that a temperature at a predetermined position is 1200° C. or less.
As described above, the fluid controller 90 calculates the supply amount of cooling fluid G0 to the can body 10 based on the supply amount of secondary fuel F2. However, a method for calculating the supply amount of cooling fluid G0 is not limited to this. For example, the fluid controller 90 may calculate the supply amount of cooling fluid G0 to the can body 10 based on the supply amount of primary fuel F1, may calculate the supply amount of cooling fluid G0 to the can body 10 based on the supply amount of air A to the duct 14, or may calculate the supply amount of cooling fluid G0 to the can body 10 based on the combustion stage instructed to the boiler 1. In this case, for example, the fluid controller 90 stores in the storage unit 82, information indicating a relationship between the supply amount of primary fuel F1 and the supply amount of cooling fluid G0, information indicating a relationship between the supply amount of air A and the supply amount of cooling fluid G0, or information indicating a relationship between the combustion stage and the supply amount of cooling fluid G0. The fluid controller 90 reads the information from the storage unit 82 and substitutes the supply amount of primary fuel F1, the supply amount of air A, or the combustion stage into the relationship to calculate the supply amount of cooling fluid G0. The boiler 1 may be provided with a nitrogen oxide concentration sensor in the exhaust stack 18, and the supply amount of cooling fluid G0 to the can body 10 may be calculated based on a detection result of the nitrogen oxide concentration sensor. In this case, the fluid controller 90 obtains information on nitrogen oxide concentration in the cooling fluid G0 in the exhaust stack 18 detected by the nitrogen oxide concentration sensor. Then, the fluid controller 90 calculates the flow rate of the cooling fluid G0 from the obtained nitrogen oxide concentration such that the content of the nitrogen oxide is within a predetermined range. The fluid controller 90 controls the flow rate adjusting unit 28 to supply the can body 10 with the cooling fluid G0 for the calculated flow rate.
As described above, the cooling fluid G0 can reduce the temperature of the combustion gas, and the temperature can be further reduced as the supply amount of cooling fluid G0 increases. Here, the combustion temperature in the can body 10 depends on the combustion amount, that is, the supply amounts of the primary fuel F1, the secondary fuel F2, and the air A; however, the supply amount of secondary fuel F2 is calculated based on the supply amount of primary fuel F1, and the supply amount of primary fuel F1 is calculated based on the supply amount of air A. That is, the supply amounts of the primary fuel F1, the secondary fuel F2, and the air A are related to each other. Therefore, it can be said that the combustion temperature in the can body 10 depends on the supply amount of primary fuel F1. Therefore, it can be said that the fluid controller 90 changes the supply amount of cooling fluid G0 depending on the supply amount of primary fuel F1 in order to maintain the temperature in the predetermined space in the predetermined temperature range. That is, the fluid controller 90 increases the amount of cooling fluid G0 to be supplied as the supply amount of primary fuel F1 increases, and reduces the amount of cooling fluid G0 to be supplied as the supply amount of primary fuel F1 is reduced.
The supply amount of cooling fluid G0 will be further described.
The control device 30 is structured as described above. Next, a flow of method of supplying fuel and the like by the control device 30 will be described based on a flowchart.
In description of
As described above, the boiler 1 according to the present embodiment has the can body 10 having the water pipes 51, 52, 53, the burner 16, the secondary fuel supply unit 24, the cooling line 26, and the flow rate adjusting unit 28, and the control unit 80. The burner 16 is connected to the can body 10 and supplies the primary fuel F1 and the air A into the can body 10. The secondary fuel supply unit 24 supplies the secondary fuel F2 into the can body 10 downstream of the burner 16 in the flow direction of the combustion gas. The cooling line 26 introduces the cooling fluid G0 for reducing the temperature in the predetermined space in the can body 10 downstream of the burner 16 in the flow direction of the combustion gas. The flow rate adjusting unit 28 is provided in the cooling line 26 and can adjust the flow rate of the cooling fluid G0 to be introduced into the can body 10 from the cooling line 26. The control unit 80 controls the flow rate adjusting unit 28 and supplies the flow rate of the cooling fluid G0 to be introduced into the can body 10 such that the temperature of the predetermined space is 800° C. or more and 1200° C. or less.
The boiler 1 according to the present embodiment suppresses the generation of CO by setting the temperature of the predetermined space in the can body 10 to 800° C. or higher. Further, the boiler 1 reduces NOx by setting the temperature of the predetermined space in the can body 10 to 1200° C. or less by the cooling fluid G0. Here, for example, when the boiler 1 having a plurality of combustion stages performs low combustion as described above, if the combustion stage is shifted to increase the amount of combustion from the required load, since the temperature rise is large, it may be difficult to maintain the temperature in the predetermined space at 800° C. to 1200° C. On the other hand, the boiler 1 according to the present embodiment can control the temperature in the predetermined space to 800° C. to 1200° C. by cooling with the cooling fluid G0. Therefore, according to the boiler 1, even if the combustion stage is changed, NOx and CO can be appropriately reduced by controlling the flow rate adjusting unit 28 to adjust the flow rate of the cooling fluid G0. Furthermore, the boiler 1 according to the present embodiment may control the supply amount of the cooling fluid G0 depending on the supply amount of primary fuel F1, the secondary fuel F2, or the air A. In this case, for example, the boiler 1 can suppress that the supply amount of the cooling fluid G0 is excessive and the temperature is too low when the supply amount of primary fuel F1, the secondary fuel F2 or the air A is small, or suppress that the supply amount of the cooling fluid G0 is insufficient and the temperature is too high when the supply amount of primary fuel F1, the secondary fuel F2 or the air A is large.
The control unit 80 controls the flow rate adjusting unit 28 such that the rate increases at which the flow rate of the cooling fluid G0 increases when the supply amount of primary fuel F1 increases, as the supply amount of primary fuel F1 increases. The boiler 1 can appropriately suppress the temperature rise in the high combustion state by thus increasing the supply amount of the cooling fluid G0 in the high combustion state.
The secondary fuel supply unit 24 (secondary fuel supply line 70) is connected to the cooling line 26, and supplies the secondary fuel F2 into the can body 10 in a state of being mixed with the cooling fluid G0. Since the boiler 1 supplies the secondary fuel F2 into the can body 10 in a state of being mixed with the cooling fluid G0, it is possible to restrain the temperature from being excessively raised by the cooling fluid G0 while being suitably burned in two stages by the secondary fuel F2.
However, the cooling line 26 may not be connected to the secondary fuel supply unit 24, and the secondary fuel F2 and the cooling fluid G0 may be separately supplied into the can body 10 without being mixed. In this case, the cooling line 26 is preferably connected to the can body 10 upstream of the secondary fuel supply unit 24 in the flow of the combustion gas. That is, in this case, the cooling line 26 is connected to a position between the ignition unit (not shown) and the secondary fuel supply unit 24 (secondary fuel supply line 74). Therefore, in this case, it can be said that the secondary fuel supply unit 24 supplies the secondary fuel F2 into the can body 10 downstream of the cooling line 26 in the flow direction of the combustion gas. Thus, by supplying the secondary fuel F2 to the downstream side of the cooling fluid G0, the combustion gas can be cooled, and the reaction with the secondary fuel F2 can be slowed to suppress the temperature rise. Further, by supplying the secondary fuel F2 to the downstream side of the cooling fluid G0, that is, by supplying the cooling fluid G0 to the upstream side of the secondary fuel F2, it is possible to block the flame of the combustion gas by the primary fuel F1 from going downstream by the cooling fluid G0. Thus, it is possible to restrain the flame of the combustion gas from coming into contact with the secondary fuel F2, and to suppress the temperature rise due to the secondary fuel F2 burning with the flame.
The flow rate adjusting unit 28 is a fan for supplying the exhaust gas discharged from inside the can body 10 into the cooling line 26. The cooling line 26 introduces the exhaust gas supplied from the flow rate adjusting unit 28 into the can body 10 as the cooling fluid G0. The boiler 1 can suitably cool the inside of the can body 10 by using the exhaust gas as the cooling fluid G0. Further, by introducing the exhaust gas into the can body 10, it also functions as EGR (Exhaust Gas Recirculation), and NOx can be suitably reduced. Furthermore, by setting the flow rate adjusting unit 28 as a fan, it can suitably take in the exhaust gas as the cooling fluid G0, and suitably control an intake amount of the exhaust gas.
However, the cooling fluid G0 is not limited to the exhaust gas, and may be any fluid as long as it is a fluid capable of reducing the temperature in the can body 10 raised by the combustion gas. More specifically, it is preferable that the cooling fluid G0 be a fluid that is not burned by the combustion gas, and be a fluid that is cooler than the combustion gas in the can body 10. The cooling fluid G0 is preferably a gas, but may be a liquid. Examples of the cooling fluid G0 other than the exhaust gas include steam, water, and an inert gas. That is, the cooling line 26 may introduce at least one or more of the exhaust gas discharged from inside the can body 10, the steam, the water, and the inert gas into the can body 10 as the cooling fluid G0. By using such a cooling fluid G0, the temperature rise in the can body 10 can be suitably suppressed. Note that examples of the inert gas include nitrogen, carbon dioxide, and argon.
Second EmbodimentNext, a second embodiment will be described. A boiler 1a according to the second embodiment shows an example in which the steam is used as the cooling fluid. Descriptions of portions of the second embodiment having the same structure as that in the first embodiment will be omitted.
As in the boiler 1a according to the second embodiment, even if the steam is used as the cooling fluid G0a, NOx and CO can be appropriately reduced as in the first embodiment. The boiler 1a according to the second embodiment has the ejector 76a connected to the cooling line 26a through which the cooling fluid G0a flows and the secondary fuel supply line 70 through which the secondary fuel F2 flows. The ejector 76a injects the cooling fluid G0a from the cooling line 26a into an inside thereof to draw the secondary fuel F2 from the secondary fuel supply line 70, and supplies the secondary fuel F2 and the cooling fluid G0a to the secondary fuel supply line 74 connected thereto. Thus, the boiler 1a has the ejector 76a for taking in the secondary fuel F2 using vapor pressure of the cooling fluid G0a, so that the secondary fuel F2 can be appropriately taken therein to be mixed with the cooling fluid G0a even when a supply pressure of the secondary fuel F2 is low. In addition, it is also possible to perform secondary combustion, for example, using a low dryness steam.
Claims
1. A boiler comprising:
- a can body having water pipe;
- a burner connected to the can body and for supplying primary fuel and air into the can body;
- a secondary fuel supply unit for supplying secondary fuel into the can body downstream of the burner in a flow direction of combustion gas;
- a cooling line for introducing a cooling fluid for reducing temperature of a predetermined space in the can body downstream of the burner in the flow direction of the combustion gas;
- a flow rate adjusting unit provided in the cooling line and capable of adjusting a flow rate of the cooling fluid introduced into the can body from the cooling line; and
- a control unit for controlling the flow rate adjusting unit to control the flow rate of the cooling fluid introduced into the can body such that the temperature of the predetermined space is 800° C. or more and 1200° C. or less.
2. The boiler according to claim 1, wherein the control unit controls the flow rate adjusting unit such that a rate increases at which the flow rate of the cooling fluid increases when a supply amount of the primary fuel increases, as the supply amount of the primary fuel increases.
3. The boiler according to claim 1, wherein the secondary fuel supply unit is connected to the cooling line, and supplies the secondary fuel into the can body in a state of being mixed with the cooling fluid.
4. The boiler according to claim 1, wherein the secondary fuel supply unit supplies the secondary fuel into the can body downstream of the cooling line in the flow direction of the combustion gas.
5. The boiler according to claim 1, wherein the cooling line introduces at least one or more of exhaust gas discharged from the can body, steam, water, and inert gas into the can body as the cooling fluid.
6. The boiler according to claim 3, wherein
- the flow rate adjusting unit is a fan for supplying the exhaust gas discharged from the can body into the cooling line, and
- the cooling line introduces the exhaust gas supplied from the flow rate adjusting unit into the can body as the cooling fluid.
7. (canceled)
8. The boiler according to claim 2, wherein the secondary fuel supply unit is connected to the cooling line, and supplies the secondary fuel into the can body in a state of being mixed with the cooling fluid.
9. The boiler according to claim 2, wherein the secondary fuel supply unit supplies the secondary fuel into the can body downstream of the cooling line in the flow direction of the combustion gas.
10. The boiler according to claim 3, wherein the secondary fuel supply unit supplies the secondary fuel into the can body downstream of the cooling line in the flow direction of the combustion gas.
11. The boiler according to claim 2, wherein the cooling line introduces at least one or more of exhaust gas discharged from the can body, steam, water, and inert gas into the can body as the cooling fluid.
12. The boiler according to claim 3, wherein the cooling line introduces at least one or more of exhaust gas discharged from the can body, steam, water, and inert gas into the can body as the cooling fluid.
13. The boiler according to claim 4, wherein the cooling line introduces at least one or more of exhaust gas discharged from the can body, steam, water, and inert gas into the can body as the cooling fluid.
Type: Application
Filed: Aug 28, 2019
Publication Date: Jun 18, 2020
Applicant: MIURA CO., LTD. (Matsuyama-shi)
Inventor: Akiyoshi OKABE (Matsuyama-shi)
Application Number: 16/553,172