Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy Limiting Sports Helmet
A smart hard shell helmet for protection of head injury having a plurality of air filled inflatable bladders inside the shell, a valve on at least one bladder that responds to a controller, at least one flexible extendible strap extended from the bladder to a one point on the inside of the helmet, accelerometers operably connected to the helmet and wearer's head for sensing g force changes, pressure sensors in the bladders, an electrically actuated valve responsive to pressure and force measurement determined by the controller thresholds being met, and the valve exhausts a portion of the air in the bladder to the atmosphere extending the strap to the second state followed by the strap returning to the first state by drawing atmospheric air through the valve and re-inflating the bladder.
Not Applicable.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTIONThe present invention relates to helmets, and more particularly to a sports helmet that utilizes microprocessor controlled valves and re-inflatable bladders for reducing head impact in the helmet and configured for customizable operation.
The present invention is an improvement in headgear or helmets for high impact sports such as football, lacrosse, or any other sport where potential head injury can occur. Previous attempts at reducing such injuries have resulted in helmets with more internal cushioning, advanced materials, or design of the shell to withstand impact. These solutions fail to significantly diminish the G forces that are repeatedly experienced by football players during practice and games, which are the leading cause of chronic traumatic encephalopathy in athletes. Further, prior attempts to create injury reducing helmets were not configurable for a particular user, or useable repeatedly during play.
BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTIONA primary advantage of the invention is to provide a helmet and method of reducing head injury in high impact sports.
Another advantage of the invention is to provide a customizable helmet that operates based on collected data for a particular user.
Yet another advantage of the invention is to provide a helmet with re-inflatable bladders to cushion head impact within the helmet.
Still yet another advantage of the invention is to provide a software collection system of impacts to permit fine-tuning of the bladder, valve and microprocessor control of the helmet.
Yet another advantage of the invention is to provide an immediate resettable helmet system that can be used over and over during play.
In accordance with a preferred embodiment of the present invention, there is shown a smart helmet for protection of head injury in contact sports having a hard shell defining a compartment for receiving a portion of a wearer's head, the shell having an interior surface and an exterior surface, a plurality of inflatable bladders filled with air, the bladders on the interior surface of the shell, a valve disposed on at least one bladder responsive to signals from a controller, at least one flexible extendible strap having a first relaxed state and a second extended state operably engaged to at least one bladder and at least one point on the inside of the helmet, at least one accelerometer attached to the helmet operably connected to the helmet body for sensing g force change on the helmet in operation, at least a second accelerometer operably connected to the wearer's head for sensing g force change on the wearer's head in operation, an electrically actuated valve on the bladder responsive to an accelerometer force measurement determined by the controller threshold being met, and the valve, in response to control signals from a controller, exhausts a portion of the air in the bladder to the atmosphere extending the strap to the second state followed by the strap returning to the first state by drawing atmospheric air through the valve and re-inflating the bladder.
In accordance with another embodiment of the invention, there is shown a smart helmet for protection of head injury in contact sports having a hard shell defining a compartment for receiving a portion of a wearer's head, the shell having an interior surface and an exterior surface, a plurality of inflatable bladders filled with air, the bladders on the interior surface of the shell, a valve disposed on at least one bladder responsive to signals from a controller, at least one flexible extendible strap having a first relaxed state and a second extended state operably engaged to at least one bladder and at least one point on the inside of the helmet, at least one accelerometer attached to the helmet operably connected to the helmet body for sensing g force change on the helmet in operation, at least a second accelerometer operably connected to the wearer's head for sensing g force change on the wearer's head in operation, an electrically actuated valve on the bladder responsive to an accelerometer force measurement determined by the controller threshold being met, and the valve, in response to control signals from a controller, exhausts a portion of the air in the bladder to the atmosphere extending the strap to the second state followed by the strap returning to the first state by drawing atmospheric air through the valve and re-inflating the bladder.
In accordance with another preferred embodiment of the invention there is shown a smart helmet for protection of head injury in contact sports having a hard shell defining a compartment for receiving a portion of a wearer's head, the shell having an interior surface and an exterior surface, a plurality of inflatable bladders filled with air, each bladder positioned on the interior surface of the shell, a valve disposed on each bladder responsive to signals from a controller, a memory containing material in at least one bladder that re-inflates the bladder after an impact event by drawing atmospheric air through the valve, a least one accelerometer attached to the helmet operably connected to the helmet body for sensing acceleration change on the helmet in operation, at least a second accelerometer operably connected to the wearer's head for sensing g force change on the wearer's head in operation, an electrically actuated valve on the bladder responsive to an accelerometer measurement determined by the controller threshold being met; and where the controller produces a signal and the controller activates a motor by electrical power to one or more valves to an open state to expel air, and turns off electrical power to return the valves to a closed state.
Other objects and advantages will become apparent from the following descriptions, taken in connection with the accompanying drawings, wherein, by way of illustration and example, preferred embodiments of the present invention are disclosed.
Detailed descriptions of the preferred embodiments are provided herein. It is to be understood, however, that the present invention may be embodied in various forms. Various aspects of the invention may be inverted, or changed in reference to specific part shape and detail, part location, or part composition. Therefore, specific details disclosed herein are not to be interpreted as limiting, but rather as a basis for the claims and as a representative basis for teaching one skilled in the art to employ the present invention in virtually any appropriately detailed system, structure or manner.
The drawings constitute a part of this specification and include exemplary embodiments to the invention, which may be embodied in various forms. It is to be understood that in some instances various aspects of the invention may be shown exaggerated or enlarged to facilitate an understanding of the invention.
Preferred embodiments of the present invention involve a number of innovations and use of microprocessor control to create an active, smart helmet configurable to an individual's physical dimensions, as well as their response to repeated head impacts through data collection by the helmet.
The impact on a player's head in a helmet with an air bladder cushion is generally shown by the following basic physics:
With initial velocity of player, when helmet is stopped, the player's head moves inside the helmet compressing the cushion material. The cushion exerts a decelerating force on the head according to the compression of the cushion, F=ma.
As the cushion material compresses, the force on the player's head increases as shown F=f(x). Deceleration increases as cushion is compressed a=f (x)/m. For fixed mass and spring constant, g's increase linearly with head displacement for most cushioning materials.
It has been observed that the following occurs with respect to helmet impacts: The higher the initial velocity for a given helmet height, the higher the max g's experienced; larger helmets limit max g's experienced; clamping the max pressure limits max g's but also extends head travel; to globally limit the max g's experienced, the clamping pressure must be adjusted for each head mass and initial velocity/helmet deceleration; and using the smart helmet concept to limit pressure according to initial velocity significantly reduces g forces experienced by a player.
According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, a helmet is provided that utilizes a multi-valved bladder under microprocessor control that opens one or more of the valves upon a certain level of g force impact or other displacement as sensed by on-board accelerometers. One or more bladders are operably connected to one or more valves that instantly open upon a signal from the microprocessor to relieve the bladder pressure and slow down head displacement in a safer and more controlled manner. The bladder may be made of a material that re-inflates itself due to internal structure or other means such as a small fan or motor controlled by the microprocessor or by straps that apply negative bias against the bladder so as to re-inflate after activation. The helmet would also be configured to accommodate the locations of different bladders of various shapes located in areas of most concern and the helmet may take on a more oval shape with higher central crown from top to bottom of the helmet. Data of previous impacts may be recorded and can be used to activate the bladder upon different impact profiles as determined by the processor.
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While the invention has been described in connection with a preferred embodiment, it is not intended to limit the scope of the invention to the particular form set forth, but on the contrary, it is intended to cover such alternatives, modifications, and equivalents as may be included within the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the later issued claims.
Claims
1. A smart helmet for protection of head injury in contact sports comprising:
- a. a hard shell defining a compartment for receiving a portion of a wearer's head, the shell having an interior surface and an exterior surface;
- b. a plurality of inflatable bladders filled with air, the bladders on the interior surface of the shell;
- c. a valve disposed on at least one bladder responsive to signals from a controller;
- d. at least one flexible extendible strap having a first relaxed state and a second extended state operably engaged to at least one bladder and at least one point on the inside of the helmet;
- e. at least one accelerometer attached to the helmet operably connected to the helmet body for sensing g force change on the helmet in operation;
- f. at least a second accelerometer operably connected to the wearer's head for sensing g force change on the wearer's head in operation,
- g. an electrically actuated valve on the bladder responsive to an accelerometer force measurement determined by the controller threshold being met; and
- h. the valve, in response to control signals from a controller, exhausts a portion of the air in the bladder to the atmosphere extending the strap to the second state followed by the strap returning to the first state by drawing atmospheric air through the valve and re-inflating the bladder.
2. The smart helmet for protection of head injury in contact sports as claimed in claim 1 wherein the accelerometer measures in the x, y and z directions.
3. The smart helmet for protection of head injury in contact sports as claimed in claim 1 wherein the bladders are comprised of foam.
4. The smart helmet for protection of head injury in contact sports as claimed in claim 1 further comprising a head cap connected to the inside of the helmet.
5. The smart helmet for protection of head injury in contact sports as claimed in claim 1 further comprising a plurality of straps.
6. The smart helmet for protection of head injury in contact sports as claimed in claim 1 wherein the valve is spring biased in a closed position.
7. The smart helmet for protection of head injury in contact sports as claimed in claim 1 wherein the valve is operably connected to an electric motor.
8. A smart helmet for protection of head injury in contact sports comprising:
- a. a hard shell defining a compartment for receiving a portion of a wearer's head, the shell having an interior surface and an exterior surface;
- b. a plurality of inflatable bladders having memory foam in the bladder, the bladder positioned on the interior surface of the shell;
- c. a valve disposed on each bladder responsive to signals from a controller;
- d. a memory foam material in at least one bladder that has a resting configuration and a second compressed configuration, that re-inflates the bladder after an impact event by drawing atmospheric air through the valve and returns to the resting configuration;
- e. at least one accelerometer attached to the helmet operably connected to the helmet body for sensing force change on the helmet in operation;
- f. at least a second accelerometer attached to the helmet operably connected to the wearer's head for sensing g force change on the wearer's head in operation,
- g. an electrically actuated valve on the bladder responsive to an accelerometer force measurement determined by the controller threshold being met; and where the controller produces a signal and the controller:
- h. expels air through the valve to atmosphere in response to the signal; and
- i. re-inflates the bladder by drawing air into the valve as the memory foam resumes its resting shape; and closes the valve awaiting the next impact event.
9. A smart helmet for protection of head injury in contact sports as claimed in claim 8 further comprising a head accelerometer operably engaged to the user.
10. A smart helmet for protection of head injury in contact sports as claimed in claim 8 further comprising pressure sensors operably connected to the bladders.
11. A smart helmet for protection of head injury in contact sports as claimed in claim 8 further comprising digital memory.
12. A smart helmet for protection of head injury in contact sports as claimed in claim 8 further comprising an operable connection to software for analyzing player impact events.
13. A smart helmet for protection of head injury in contact sports as claimed in claim 8 wherein the helmet is configured to a particular player's head dimensions.
14. A smart helmet for protection of head injury in contact sports as claimed in claim 8 wherein the stored data pertaining to head impacts generates a signal to the microcontroller regarding minimum thresholds having been met.
15. A smart helmet for protection of head injury in contact sports as claimed in claim 8 wherein the valves are spring biased in a closed position.
16. A smart helmet for protection of head injury in contact sports as claimed in claim 8 where the bladders have a thickness dimension between approximately one to four inches.
17. A smart helmet for protection of head injury in contact sports comprising:
- a. a hard shell defining a compartment for receiving a portion of a wearer's head, the shell having an interior surface and an exterior surface;
- b. a plurality of inflatable bladders filled with air, each bladder positioned on the interior surface of the shell;
- c. a valve disposed on each bladder responsive to signals from a controller;
- d. a memory containing material in at least one bladder that re-inflates the bladder after an impact event by drawing atmospheric air through the valve;
- e. a least one accelerometer attached to the helmet operably connected to the helmet body for sensing acceleration change on the helmet in operation;
- f. at least a second accelerometer operably connected to the wearer's head for sensing g force change on the wearer's head in operation,
- g. an electrically actuated valve on the bladder responsive to an accelerometer measurement determined by the controller threshold being met; and where the controller produces a signal and the controller:
- h. activates a motor by electrical power to one or more valves to an open state to expel air; and
- i. turns off electrical power to return the valves to a closed state.
18. The smart helmet for protection of head injury in contact sports as claimed in claim 17 wherein the motor is battery powered.
19. The smart helmet for protection of head injury in contact sports as claimed in claim 18 further comprising a transmitter of data to a remote storage device.
20. The smart helmet for protection of head injury in contact sports as claimed in claim 17 wherein the controller thresholds are modified interactively using historical user impact event data stored in a memory.
Type: Application
Filed: Mar 6, 2019
Publication Date: Sep 10, 2020
Inventor: W. Jeffrey Shakespeare (Macungie, PA)
Application Number: 16/293,739