LATCHING MECHANISM FOR IN-LINE ACTIVATED ELECTROSURGICAL DEVICE
A surgical device includes a housing, an elongated shaft, an end effector, and an actuation mechanism. The housing pivotally supports a movable handle between unactuated, first actuated, and a second actuated positions. The elongated shaft extends distally from the housing and defines a longitudinal axis. The end effector has a pair of opposed jaw members that are movable between an open configuration in which the jaw members are spaced apart from one another and a closed configuration in which the jaw members are closer together. The actuation mechanism is configured to transition the end effector between the open and closed configurations as the movable handle is pivoted between the unactuated and first actuated positions and to maintain the end effector in the closed configuration when the moveable handle is between the first and second actuated positions.
The present disclosure relates to electrosurgical devices and, more specifically, to electrosurgical devices including latching mechanisms to reduce actuation force to maintain the electrosurgical device in a clamped configuration before activation of the device.
2. Discussion of Related ArtInstruments such as electrosurgical forceps are commonly used in open and endoscopic surgical procedures to coagulate, cauterize, and seal tissue. Such forceps typically include a pair of jaws that can be controlled by a surgeon to grasp targeted tissue, such as, e.g., a blood vessel. The jaws may be approximated to apply a mechanical clamping force to the tissue, and are associated with at least one electrode to permit the delivery of electrosurgical energy to the tissue. The combination of the mechanical clamping force and the electrosurgical energy has been demonstrated to join adjacent layers of tissue captured between the jaws. When the adjacent layers of tissue include the walls of a blood vessel, sealing the tissue may result in hemostasis, which may facilitate the transection of the sealed tissue. A detailed discussion of the use of an electrosurgical forceps may be found in U.S. Pat. No 7,255,697 to Dycus et al.
A bipolar electrosurgical forceps typically includes opposed electrodes disposed on clamping faces of the jaws. The electrodes are charged to opposite electrical potentials such that an electrosurgical current may be selectively transferred through tissue grasped between the electrodes. To affect a proper seal, particularly in relatively large vessels, two predominant mechanical parameters must be accurately controlled; the pressure applied to the vessel and the gap distance established between the electrodes.
Both the pressure and gap distance influence the effectiveness of the resultant tissue seal. If an adequate gap distance is not maintained, there is a possibility that the opposed electrodes will contact one another, which may cause a short circuit and prevent energy from being transferred through the tissue. Also, if too low a force is applied the tissue may have a tendency to move before an adequate seal can be generated. The thickness of a typical effective tissue seal is optimally between about 0.001 and about 0.006 inches. Below this range, the seal may shred or tear and above this range the vessel walls may not be effectively joined. Closure pressures for sealing large tissue structures preferably fall within the range of about 3 kg/cm2 to about 16 kg/cm2.
With some electrosurgical devices, a surgeon first grasps tissue between jaws by partially closes drawing a clamping handle towards a fixed handle until the tissue is grasped between the jaws. When the tissue is grasped and before applying electrosurgical energy to the grasped tissue, the surgeon verifies the position of the jaws and the pressure applied to the tissue before activating electrosurgical energy. When the position is verified, the surgeon applies additional force to the clamping handle to fully close or actuate the clamping handle under the appropriate pressure and activates the electrosurgical device.
While maintaining the clamping handle in a partially closed position to verify the position, surgeons can experience fatigue. It would be advantageous to reduce the force required to maintain the clamping handle in a partially closed position during verification of the position of the jaws. In addition, it would be advantageous to reduce the additional force required to fully close the clamping handle prior to activating the electrosurgical device.
SUMMARYIn an aspect of the present disclosure, a surgical device includes a housing, an elongated shaft, an end effector, and an actuation mechanism. The housing includes a stationary handle and a movable handle pivotally supported by the housing and pivotable between an unactuated position, a first actuated position, and a second actuated position. The elongated shaft extends distally from the housing and defines a longitudinal axis. The end effector is supported by a distal portion of the elongated shaft and has a pair of opposed jaw members that are movable between an open configuration in which the jaw members are spaced apart from one another and a closed configuration in which the jaw members are closer together. The actuation mechanism is configured to transition the end effector between the open configuration and the closed configuration as the movable handle is pivoted between the unactuated position and the first actuated position and to maintain the end effector in the closed configuration when the moveable handle is between the first and second actuated positions.
In aspects, the actuation mechanism includes a segmented gear that is secured to the moveable handle and a first actuation link that is rotatably disposed within the housing. The first actuation link may have a first portion that includes an actuation gear. The segmented gear may be engaged with the actuation gear when the moveable handle is between the unactuated position and the first actuated position and may be disengaged from the actuation gear when the moveable handle is between the first and second actuated positions.
In some aspects, the actuation mechanism includes first, second, and third actuation links. The first actuation link may include first and second portions, and may be rotatable about the first portion such that the second portion is movable in an arc in response to rotation of the first actuation link about the first portion. The second actuation link may include a first portion that is pivotally coupled to the second portion of the first actuation link and a second portion that includes a cam disposed within a cam slot that is defined in a track that is attached to the housing. The third actuation link may include a first portion that is pivotally coupled to the second portion of the section actuation link and a second portion that is coupled to a collar that is translatable along the longitudinal axis of the elongated shaft to transition the end effector between the open and closed configurations. In the unactuated position of the movable handle, the cam may be positioned on a first side of the longitudinal axis and in the first actuated position of the moveable handle the cam may be positioned on a second side of the longitudinal axis. The housing may include a biasing member that is engaged with the collar to urge the collar distally. The biasing member may maintain the cam on the second side of the longitudinal axis when the movable handle is between the first and second actuated positions. The biasing member may be a coil spring that is disposed about the longitudinal axis.
In certain aspects, the actuation gear is disposed on the second side of the longitudinal axis of the elongated shaft. The cam slot may include a first segment that is disposed on the first side of the longitudinal axis and a second segment disposed on the second side of the longitudinal axis. The second segment may be positioned distal of the first segment. The cam slot may be linear or nonlinear.
In particular aspects, the collar may be fixed to an outer shaft that is pivotally coupled to the end effector.
In aspects, the surgical device includes a knife blade and a knife trigger. The knife trigger may be movable when the movable handle is in the second actuated position to advance the knife blade through the end effector. The knife trigger may be prevented from moving when the movable handle is between the unactuated and first actuated positions.
In another aspect of the present disclosure a surgical device includes a moveable handle and an actuation mechanism having a segmented gear, a first link, a second link, a track, a third link, and a collar. The moveable handle includes a boss and is pivotable about the boss between an unactuated position, a first actuated position, and a second actuated position. The actuation mechanism is configured to translate a shaft along a longitudinal axis that is defined by the shaft. The segmented gear is rotatably coupled to the moveable handle about the boss. The first link has a first portion that is selectively engaged by the segmented gear and defines an opening and a second portion that rotates about the opening in response to engagement between the first portion and the segmented gear. The second link has a first segment and a cam. The first segment is rotatably coupled to the second portion of the first link. The track defines a cam slot that slidably receives the cam. The cam slides within the cam slot in response to rotation of the second portion of the first link. The third link has a first portion that is rotatably coupled to the cam and a second portion. The collar is coupled to the second portion of the third link and is configured to translate the shaft in response to sliding of the cam within the cam slot.
In aspects, the cam slot includes first and second parts. The collar may be disposed in a first position along the longitudinal axis of the shaft when the cam is in the first part of the cam slot and the collar may be positioned in a second position along the longitudinal axis proximal of the first position when the cam is in the second part of the cam slot. The second part may be positioned distal of the first part. The cam may be disposed on a first side of a center of the collar when positioned in the first part of the cam slot and on a second side of the center of the collar, opposite the first side, when positioned in the second part of the cam slot.
In some aspects, the surgical device includes a biasing member that is engaged with the collar and is configured to maintain the cam in the second part of the cam slot to urge the cam away from the second part when the cam is positioned in the first part.
In another aspect of the present disclosure, a method of sealing tissue with a surgical device includes positioning targeted tissue between jaw members of an end effector of a surgical device with the jaw members in an open configuration, compressing a moveable handle of the surgical device from an unactuated position to a first actuated position such that the jaw members are transitioned to a clamped configuration, and compressing the movable handle from the first actuated position to a second actuated position beyond the first actuated position to activate delivery of electrosurgical energy to the targeted tissue between the jaw members. The surgical device maintains the jaw members in the clamped configuration when the movable handle is in the first actuated position. The movable handle is mechanically decoupled from the end effector between the first and second actuated positions.
In aspects, compressing the movable handle from the unactuated position to the first actuated position incudes engaging a first link with a segmented gear coupled to the movable handle to rotate the first link about an opening defined in a first portion to transition the jaw members to the clamped configuration. Compressing the movable handle from the first actuated position to the second actuated position includes disengaging the segmented gear from the first link such that the movable handle is free to move independent of the jaw members between the first and second actuated positions. Compressing the movable handle from the first actuated position to the second actuated position includes activating a button with the movable handle to activate delivery of electrosurgical energy.
Further, to the extent consistent, any of the aspects described herein may be used in conjunction with any or all of the other aspects described herein.
Various aspects of the present disclosure are described hereinbelow with reference to the drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, wherein:
Embodiments of the present disclosure are now described in detail with reference to the drawings in which like reference numerals designate identical or corresponding elements in each of the several views. As used herein, the term “clinician” refers to a doctor, a nurse, or any other care provider and may include support personnel. Throughout this description, the term “proximal” refers to the portion of the device or component thereof that is closest to the clinician and the term “distal” refers to the portion of the device or component thereof that is farthest from the clinician.
Referring initially to
The housing 112 is constructed of a left housing half 112a and a right housing half 112b. The left and right designation of the housing halves 112a, 112b refer to the respective directions as perceived by an operator using the forceps 100. The housing halves 112a, 112b are constructed of sturdy plastic, and are joined to one another by adhesives, ultrasonic welding or other suitable assembly methods.
To mechanically control the end effector 114, the housing 112 supports a stationary handle 120, a movable handle 122, a trigger 126 and a rotation knob 128. The movable handle 122 is operable to move the end effector 114 between an open configuration (
The trigger 126 is operable to extend and retract a knife blade 156 (see
To electrically control the end effector 114, the stationary handle 120 supports a depressible button 137 thereon, which is operable by the user to initiate and terminate the delivery of electrosurgical energy to the end effector 114. More specifically, and as illustrated in
Referring now to
Referring to
Referring back to
Electrosurgical energy may be delivered to the tissue through the electrically conductive seal plates 148, 150 to affect a tissue seal. Once a tissue seal is established, a knife blade 156 having a sharp distal cutting edge 157 may be advanced through a knife channel 158 defined in one or both jaw members 130, 132 to transect the sealed tissue. Knife blade 156 is depicted in
The proximal portion 166 of the outer shaft member 160 includes various features that serve to couple the outer shaft member 160 to various elements of the housing 112. More specifically, the proximal portion 166 of the outer shaft member 160 includes, in order from distal to proximal, a longitudinal slot 169 extending distally from a proximal portion thereof to couple the outer shaft member 160 to the rotation knob 128, a longitudinal knife slot 168 defined therethrough, a pair of opposing distal locking slots 161a, 161b, and a pair of opposing proximal locking slots 171a, 171b. The connection established between the outer shaft member 160 and the rotation knob 128 is described below with reference to
The pivot pin 144 extends through a proximal portion of each of the jaw members 130, 132 to pivotally support the jaw members 130, 132 at the distal portion of the outer shaft member 160. With reference to
A knife rod 102 is coupled (e.g., via welding) at a distal-most end to the sharpened knife blade 156 and includes an angled proximal end 108 that provides a mechanism for operatively coupling the knife rod 102 to the trigger 126. For a detailed description of the connection between the knife rod 102 and the trigger 126 reference can be made to U.S. Patent Publication No. 2014/0257284, the entire contents of which are hereby incorporated by reference. The sharp cutting edge 157 of the knife blade 156 may be applied to the distal end of the knife blade 156 subsequent to the stamping process that forms the profile. For example, various manufacturing techniques may be employed such as grinding, coining, electrochemical etching, electropolishing, or other suitable manufacturing processes, for forming sharpened edges.
A tube guide 109 is disposed within the outer shaft member 160 and includes a central guide lumen 107 axially disposed therethrough and a longitudinal guide recess 105 formed therein. The inner actuation member 180 is received within the central guide lumen 107, which serves to guide longitudinal motion of the inner actuation member 180 within the outer shaft member 160. The knife rod 102 is received within the longitudinal recess 105, which serves to guide longitudinal motion of the knife rod 102 within the outer shaft member 160. In this way, the inner actuation member 180 and the knife rod 102 are aligned within the outer shaft member 160 by the tube guide 109 such that the inner actuation member 180 and the knife rod 102 are free to move longitudinally relative to and in parallel with each other.
Referring now to
Referring now to
Referring now to
The movable handle 122 is operably coupled to the outer shaft member 160 by an actuation mechanism 200 that is configured to translate the outer shaft member 160 between an open position (
With particular reference to
The actuation mechanism 200 includes a segmented gear 210, a first actuation link 220, a second actuation link 230, and a third actuation link 240. The segmented gear 210 is coaxially disposed with the bosses 179 and is pivotally fixed to the clevis 178 such that as the movable handle 122 is pivoted about the bosses 179, the segmented gear 210 rotates about the bosses 179. The segmented gear 210 may be unitarily or monolithically formed with the clevis 178. The segmented gear 210 includes a geared segment 212 and a non-geared segment 214. As shown, the geared segment 212 may be disposed along about 20° of the outer surface of the segmented gear 210 which corresponds to the angular distance that the movable handle 122 rotates about the bosses 179 between the unactuated position and the first actuated position. The geared segment 212 may be disposed along a range of about 10° to about 45° of the outer surface of the segmented gear 210.
The first actuation link 220 includes a first portion 222 and a second portion 228. The first portion 222 includes an actuation gear 224 and is pivotally coupled within the housing 112. The first portion 222 may define an opening 226 that receives a pin 223 secured in the housing 112. The first portion 222 is positioned such that the actuation gear 224 meshes with the geared segment 212 of the segmented gear 210 as the movable handle 122 is pivoted between the unactuated position and the first actuated position and is disengaged from the geared segment 212 when the movable handle 122 is pivoted between the first actuated position and the second actuated position. The second portion 228 of the first actuation link 220 rotates about the first portion 222 in response to engagement between the geared segment 212 and the actuation gear 224.
The second actuation link 230 includes a first portion 232 and a second portion 236. The first portion 232 is pivotally coupled to the second portion 228 of the first actuation link 220 and moves in an arc centered about the pin 223 in response to rotation of the first actuation link 220. The second portion 236 of the second actuation link 230 includes a cam 238. The cam 238 is disposed within a track 250 secured to the housing 112. As shown, the track 250 defines a linear cam slot 252 with a first portion 254 positioned below a centerline of the outer shaft 160 and a second portion 256 positioned above the centerline of the outer shaft 160. The linear cam slot 252 is disposed substantially vertically with the second portion 256 positioned distal to the first portion 254. The track 250 may be non-linear. In such embodiments, the track 250 may include a locking notch (not shown) that receives the cam 238 when the end effector 114 is in the clamped configuration. When the cam 238 is disposed in the first portion 254 of the track 250, the cam 238 is positioned below the centerline of the outer shaft 160 and when the cam 238 is positioned at a second end 258 of the second portion 256 of the track 250, the cam 238 is positioned above the centerline of the shaft 160.
The third actuation link 240 includes a first portion 242 pivotally coupled to the second portion 236 of the second actuation link 230 and a second portion 246 pivotally coupled to a collar 184 disposed about a second portion 166 of the outer shaft 160. The collar 184 is fixed to the second portion 166 such that the outer shaft 160 longitudinally translates in response to translation of the collar 184. The outer shaft 160 limits translation of the collar 184 to translation along the longitudinal axis of the outer shaft 160. A biasing member 189 is disposed about the outer shaft 160 and is positioned between a collar 184 and a stop 115 that biases the collar 184, and thus the outer shaft 160, distally.
With continued reference to
Initially referring to
With reference to
When the collar 184 reaches the proximal position as shown in
Referring now to
Additionally or alternately, as the movable handle 122 approaches the second actuated position, a tooth 122a extending proximally from an upper portion of the movable handle 122 engages a clicker tab 120a supported within the stationary handle 120 to generate a tactile and/or audio response. This response generated by the clicker tab 120a corresponds to a complete grasping of tissue between the jaw members 130, 132 (
As the movable handle 122 is moved from the from the first actuated position (
When the movable handle is in the second actuated position, the knife trigger 126 (
With reference to
Alternatively, the electrosurgical forceps 100 (
With the end effector 114 in the open configuration, targeted tissue (not shown) is positioned within the end effector 114. With the targeted tissue positioned within the end effector 114, the movable handle 112 is compressed towards the first actuated position. As the movable handle 122 is compressed towards the first actuated position, the actuation mechanism 200 translates the collar 184 proximally against the biasing member 189 until the end effector 114 is in the closed configuration (
With the end effector 114 in the closed configuration, a clinician can release the movable handle 122 and/or relax a hand used to compress the movable handle 122. As detailed above, the actuation mechanism 200 maintains the end effector 114 in the closed configuration when the movable handle 122 is between the first and second actuated positions. With the end effector 114 maintained in the closed configuration, a clinician can verify the position of the end effector 114 (e.g., the targeted tissue is properly positioned within the end effector 114) and/or can verify the closure pressure is within a suitable range for sealing the targeted tissue.
If the position or the closure pressure is undesirable, the movable handle 122 can be moved towards the unactuated position to release the targeted tissue and the end effector 114 can be repositioned. With the end effector 114 repositioned, the movable handle 122 is compressed to the first actuated position to transition the end effector 114 to the closed configuration.
When the position of the end effector 114 and the closure pressure is confirmed by the clinician to be acceptable, the movable handle 122 is compressed to the second actuated position such that the button activation post 138 engages the depressible button 137 to activate the switch 136. When the switch 136 is activated, the end effector 114 delivers electrosurgical energy to the targeted tissue to seal the targeted tissue. With the targeted tissue sealed, the knife trigger 126 (
The movable handle 122 is then moved towards the unactuated position to transition the end effector 114 to the open configuration. As the movable handle 122 moves toward the unactuated position, the movable handle 122 may engage the knife trigger 126 to return the knife trigger 126 to the distal position. With the end effector 114 in the open configuration, the end effector 114 can be repositioned to seal and/or sever additional tissue or the electrosurgical forceps 100 can be removed from the surgical site.
While several embodiments of the disclosure have been shown in the drawings, it is not intended that the disclosure be limited thereto, as it is intended that the disclosure be as broad in scope as the art will allow and that the specification be read likewise. Any combination of the above embodiments is also envisioned and is within the scope of the appended claims. Therefore, the above description should not be construed as limiting, but merely as exemplifications of particular embodiments. Those skilled in the art will envision other modifications within the scope of the claims appended hereto.
Claims
1.-16. (canceled)
17. A method of sealing tissue with a surgical device, the method comprising:
- positioning targeted tissue between jaw members of an end effector of a surgical device with the jaw members in an open configuration;
- compressing a movable handle of the surgical device from an unactuated position to a first actuated position such that the jaw members are transitioned to a clamped configuration, the surgical device maintaining the jaw members in the clamped configuration when the movable handle is in the first actuated position; and
- compressing the movable handle from the first actuated position to a second actuated position beyond the first actuated position to activate delivery of electrosurgical energy to the targeted tissue between the jaw members, the movable handle mechanically decoupled from the end effector between the first and second actuated positions.
18. The method according to claim 17, wherein compressing the movable handle from the unactuated position to the first actuated position includes engaging a first link with a segmented gear coupled to the movable handle to rotate the first link about an opening defined in a first portion to transition the jaw members to the clamped configuration.
19. The method according to claim 18, wherein compressing the movable handle from the first actuated position to the second actuated position includes disengaging the segmented gear from the first link such that the movable handle is free to move independent of the jaw members between the first and second actuated positions.
20. The method according to claim 17, wherein compressing the movable handle from the first actuated position to the second actuated position includes activating a button with the movable handle to activate delivery of electrosurgical energy.
21. The method according to claim 18, wherein compressing the movable handle of the surgical device from the unactuated position to the first actuated position includes engaging, via the segmented gear, an actuation gear of a first portion of the first link when the movable handle is transitioned between the unactuated position and the first actuated position.
22. The method according to claim 18, wherein the first link includes a second portion, the second portion of the first link coupled to a first portion of a second link, and wherein engaging a first link with the segmented gear coupled to the movable handle to rotate the first link includes rotating the second portion of the first link and the first portion of the second link about an arc.
23. The method according to claim 22, further comprising moving the movable handle to transition the jaw members from the clamping configuration back to the open configuration.
24. The method according to claim 23, wherein moving the movable handle to transition the jaw members to the open configuration includes engaging an actuation gear of the first link via the segmented gear to rotate the first link so that a cam coupled to a second portion of the second link and disposed within a cam slot defined in a track coupled to a housing of the surgical device moves relative to a centerline of a shaft of the surgical device supporting the jaw members.
25. The method according to claim 24, wherein, after the cam is positioned relative to the centerline of the shaft, the method includes distally urging a collar coupled to a third link to transition the jaw members to the open configuration, the third link having a first portion coupled to the second portion of the second link and a second portion coupled to the collar such that distal movement of the first portion of the second link causes the third link to distally translate the collar.
26. The method according to claim 19, wherein compressing the movable handle from the first actuated position to the second actuated position includes disengaging the segmented gear from an actuation gear of a first portion of the first link.
27. The method according to claim 17, further comprising providing audible indicia via a clicker tab that the jaw members are in the clamped configuration.
28. The method according to claim 17, further comprising, during or after delivery of electrosurgical energy, compressing a knife trigger to advance a knife blade.
29. The method according to claim 28, further comprising transitioning the movable handle toward the unactuated position from the first or second actuated positions to transition the jaw members to the open configuration and engage the knife trigger to retract the knife blade.
30. The method according to claim 18, wherein compressing the movable handle of the surgical device from the unactuated position to the first actuated position includes translating a collar coupled to a third link, the third link coupled to a second link that is coupled to the first link, the collar translated proximally so as to compress a biasing member until the jaw members are in the clamped configuration.
31. The method according to claim 22, wherein compressing the movable handle of the surgical device from the unactuated position to the first actuated position includes translating a collar coupled to a second portion of a third link, the third link having a first portion that is coupled to a second portion of the second link, the collar translated proximally so as to compress a biasing member until the jaw members are in the clamped configuration.
Type: Application
Filed: Jan 24, 2022
Publication Date: May 12, 2022
Inventors: Aditya Nanditale Gurumurthy (West Haven, CT), Michael B. Lyons (Boulder, CO)
Application Number: 17/582,615