ACTUATED FOLDABLE BUILDING SYSTEM MODULE
A foldable building system module (FBSM) comprising an integrated deployable modular building system. The foldable building system module comprises prefabricated panels connected by hinges which allow the panels to be unfolded from a flat pack geometry to an unfolded, erected or deployed geometry. An actuating mechanism can be integrated in one or more of the panels and, by applying load to one or more of the panels, allow for automated erection of the module. Two or more of the FBSM's can be connected in series to provide a building system.
The present disclosure generally relates to the construction of modular deployable integrated building systems. More specifically, the disclosure relates to the construction of foldable building modules.
Building systems are created through the integration of multiple systems to create occupiable space which provide shelter from the natural elements and typically serve a specific purpose. These systems include but are not limited to structural, enclosure, mechanical, electrical and plumbing systems. Conventional building systems are typically constructed in a sequenced or layered fashion, during which each system is installed independently of the other. This approach requires on-site coordination between trades resulting in longer construction schedules when compared with modular prefabricated alternatives.
The structural system must resist applied gravitational loads as well as the lateral loads which are typically the results of wind or seismic loading. While resisting these loads, structural systems must satisfy all strength and serviceability performance requirements based on the governing design code defined by the authority having jurisdiction. Strength requirements relate to the mechanical properties of the structural system and ensure that, over the lifespan of the building, none of the structural elements experience overstress or structural failure. Service requirements relate mainly to the allowable movement of structural systems to ensure occupant comfort is maintained. The structural system is typically fabricated and erected using discrete structural elements which include but are not limited to slabs, beams, columns, walls, braces and foundations. These elements are usually fabricated and erected using concrete, steel, aluminum & timber.
Depending on the function of a given building system, the enclosure system creates a watertight seal between interior and exterior spaces, while providing thermal and acoustic insulation as well as natural lighting to the space. A typical enclosure system consists of aluminum mullions supporting transparent/translucent panels which can be fixed or operable.
Similar to the enclosure systems, the complexity of the mechanical, electrical and plumbing systems are all subject to the operational requirements of the building system. The mechanical system typically relates to temperature and air quality control and is often integrated with the electrical and plumbing systems. The electrical system includes any building components which inhibit the transference of electricity for power or signaling and the plumbing system includes those which manage water transport within the building.
The variety of ways to achieve a deployable building system includes but is not limited to; trailered systems, light-weight framing+tensile membrane systems and foldable systems. Trailered systems are those which typically have all building system components prefabricated on top of a mobile trailer allowing for the system to be easily transported to site and rapidly deployed. These systems usually lack modular capabilities and have size limitations based on an allowable maximum payload size controlled by the local transportation authority. Light-weight framing+tensile membrane systems are typically constructed using a rigid framing which provides structural integrity that is combined with a membrane enclosure for water tightness. These systems are available in a wide range of sizes and can be deployed in a variety of terrains using relatively unskilled labor and basic construction equipment. One drawback of these systems is the lack of integration with other basic enclosure, mechanical, electrical & plumbing system components resulting in a limited range of applications. Foldable deployable systems are a relatively new system typology which is not typically utilized in building systems. These systems are often deployable from a condensed flat packed geometry allowing for efficient transport to erection sites. Strategic hinges are installed between flat panels allowing the system to change geometry on site and create a habitable enclosure. Many current systems required heavy construction equipment to unfold the geometry from its packaged state to the final building system geometry. This requirement for heavy equipment for deployment limits potential deployment sites and increases the level of skill required during erection.
Modular systems are those which are erected using smaller components which connect in a repetitive fashion to create a larger overall system. Modular systems typically take advantage of repetitive geometric patterns which can be aggregated many times over to create a variety of resulting geometric forms.
SUMMARYDisclosed herein are one or more inventions relating to a foldable building system module (FBSM), a building system employing a FBSM, and methods for fabricating a building structure using plural FBSMs. Building structures employing the FBSMs can be referred to as integrated deployable modular building systems (IDMBSs). In some embodiments, the methods of erecting such building structures can be referred to as automated erection methods (AEMs).
The disclosed FBSM can provide a fully integrated module which performs as a structural system as well as a building enclosure system, while allowing for rapid deployment across a range of site typographies. Deployment of a FBSM occurs when a linear actuator is activated to transform a set of panels from a folder geometry into an unfolded building geometry by utilizing strategic hinges. Composite fiber reinforced polymer panels (composite FRP panels) can be used to prefabricate FBSMs to satisfy the performance requirements from both a structural and enclosure system standpoint. FBSMs can be integrated with additional building system components to achieve a modular building structure system. Further, an actuator (mechanical or otherwise) can be integrated and prefabricated into each FSBM to speed up construction and eliminate the need for heavy construction equipment.
As used herein:
“Prefabricated” means built in advance and transportable to an installation site for installation at the installation site.
“Modular” means a system which has been subdivided into smaller parts that can be put together on site to create an overall structure or system.
“FRP” means fiber reinforced polymer
“FRP Panel” means a composite fiber reinforced polymer panel which is made up of an external fiber reinforced polymer skin and a structural foam core which act compositely together structurally.
“Composite” means when two dissimilar materials are combined such that they act together to resist applied loads.
“Actuator” means a device which applies a force or forces to a system or elements, causing movement of the system or element.
“Track” means a component which guides the movement of a structural system element along a specified path.
“Hinge” means a component which connects two panels while allowing relative rotational motion about a single axis.
“Platform” means a base or substructure of components of a structural system which provide connectivity between a Superstructure above the Platform and a Foundation below the Platform.
“Superstructure” means a structural system above the “Platform”
“Foundation” means any system elements which directly transfer loads to earth or the ground.
“Gable roof” means a roof with two symmetric roof slopes which meet at a single ridge and are supported on walls below.
“Grade” means ground surface slope or degree of inclination. A level grade is a ground surface with relatively no slope or inclination.
In an embodiment, there is disclosed a foldable building system module comprising:
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- prefabricated panels connected by hinges;
- an integrated actuator mechanism; and
- deployable struts,
- wherein,
- the integrated actuator mechanism is connected to at least two of the panels to apply force to strategic points of at least two panels and cause the foldable building system module to unfold from a folded flat pack geometry into a deployed building geometry, and
- the panels include prefabricated strut connection points to which the struts can be connected during the unfolding process, to impart structural stabilizing forces to the foldable building system module.
In an embodiment, at least one panel is prefabricated from a composite fiber reinforced polymer material.
In an embodiment, at least one panel is prefabricated from timber comprising cross laminated timber, dowel laminated timber, nail laminated timber or dimensional lumber.
In an embodiment, at least one panel is prefabricated with (a) a rigid frame which performs all required structural requirements and (b) a nonstructural infill panel received within the rigid frame.
In an embodiment, the foldable building system module comprises five panels including a base panel, two wall panels and two roof panels, each wall panel having a first edge connected to the base panel, each roof panel having a first edge connected to a respective second edge of the wall panels, and each roof panel having a second edge connected to the second edge of the other roof panel.
In an embodiment, the folded flat pack geometry includes the base panel on the bottom of the pack, the wall panels on the base panel, and the roof panels on the wall panels.
In an embodiment, the deployed, or unfolded building geometry includes the base panel in a horizontal orientation, the two wall panels connected to respective transverse edges of the base panel and in a vertical orientation, and the roof panels forming a gable roof.
In an embodiment, each of the panels have a planar geometry.
In an embodiment, at least one of the panels has a corrugated geometry.
In an embodiment, at least one of the panels has a curved geometry.
In an embodiment, at least one panel has integrated transparent or translucent panels prefabricated into it.
In an embodiment, at least one panel is without penetrations.
In an embodiment, each panel includes a continuous integrated waterproofing gasket around a perimeter of the panel.
In an embodiment, the waterproofing gasket is connected to the panel by means of an adhesive bond, or by being embedded into an extruded track.
In an embodiment, the waterproofing gasket is connected to the modular panel by embedment into an extruded track made from fiber reinforced polymer or aluminum.
In an embodiment, the waterproofing gasket is installed in the field using wet silicone.
In an embodiment, the hinges are integral to the panels and fabricated from the same material as the modular.
In an embodiment, the hinges are separate components which are connected to the panels.
In an embodiment, the actuator mechanism is embedded in a base panel.
In an embodiment, the actuator mechanism performs in a linear fashion.
In an embodiment, the actuator mechanism uses a screw jack type mechanism to convert rotation torque to linear motion.
In an embodiment, the actuator mechanism uses a winch mechanism to convert rotation torque to linear motion.
In an embodiment, the actuator mechanism utilizes a hydraulic jack to achieve linear motion.
In an embodiment, the actuator mechanism utilizes a belt drive to achieve linear motion.
In an embodiment, the actuator mechanism utilizes a series of electromagnets to create a magnetic levitation or propulsion system to achieve linear motion.
In an embodiment, at least one panel including an integrated deployable strut prefabricated into the at least one panel.
In an embodiment, the deployable struts are separate from the panels and can be connected to the connection points during unfolding of the folding building system module.
In an embodiment, the deployable struts comprise timber, aluminum, steel, or fiber reinforced polymer.
In an embodiment, there is provided a modular building comprising
-
- a foundation system;
- a platform on the foundation system;
- an end wall system; and
- plural foldable building system modules on the platform, each foldable building system module according a foldable building system module as set forth above.
In an embodiment, there is provided a modular building comprising:
-
- foundation system;
- a platform on the foundation system;
- plural foldable building system modules on the platform, each foldable building system module as set forth above;
- a plumbing circuit; and
- an electrical circuit.
In an embodiment, the foundation system includes leveling mechanisms to level the platform.
In an embodiment, the foundation system includes ground screws to transfer structural forces from the modular building to earth.
In an embodiment, the foundation system includes cast-in-place or precast concrete footings to transfer structural forces from the modular building to earth.
In an embodiment, the foundation system includes one or more counterweights or ballasts to transfer structural forces from the modular building to earth.
In an embodiment, the platform includes beam elements and bearing elements.
In an embodiment, the beam elements comprise primary beam elements which connect directly to the foundation system and provide primary support of the foldable building system modules.
In an embodiment, the beam elements include secondary beam elements which space apart the primary linear elements.
In an embodiment, the bearing elements are located to spread heavy mechanical loads.
In an embodiment, there is provided a method of erecting a modular building comprising:
-
- unfolding foldable building system modules next to each other in a series arrangement, each foldable building system module as set forth above; and
- connecting the foldable building system modules together to form a single building structure.
In an embodiment, the foldable building system modules are placed directly on primary beam elements.
In an embodiment, adjacent foldable building system modules are connected to one another at discrete points.
In an embodiment, adjacent foldable building system modules are connected continuously along shared edges.
In an embodiment, the method also comprises extending a tension element through all adjacent foldable building system models and tightening the tension element to achieve a post tensioned effect resulting in diaphragm action across the adjacent foldable building system modules.
In an embodiment, end panels are erected at opposite longitudinal ends of the building structure.
In an embodiment, the end panels are either structural or non-structural in nature and achieve a watertight seal at the longitudinal ends of the building structure.
In an embodiment, an FBSM comprises
five composite FRP panels, including a base panel, two wall panels, and two roof panels, wherein:
-
- the five composite FRP panels are connected by hinges,
- deployable struts are used as locking mechanisms at hinge locations to stabilize the FBSM structure against lateral loads,
- integrated waterproofing gaskets are provided on each panel to achieve a water tight seal at hinge locations between two FRP panels,
- the FRP panels are flat packed for transportation to site, preferably connected via the hinges, and
- a linear actuator is integrated in the base panel to translate the flat pack geometry into a final building system geometry.
A hinge can either be made from FRP and are fabricated as part of the composite FRP panel, or made as a separate component which is connected to two FRP panels by way of fasteners. In the latter configuration, the hinge components can be made from steel, aluminum, or FRP.
In an embodiment, the deployable strut material is s steel, aluminum or timber.
In an embodiment, the deployable struts are brace-like elements which have a sloped configuration in the deployed state.
In an embodiment, the integrated waterproofing gasket is connected to the FRP panel by means of an adhesive bond, or by being embedded into an extruded track made from materials which include but are not limited to FRP and aluminum.
In an embodiment, a linear actuator is embedded in the base panel and applies force to a work point connected to the bottom of a wall panel.
In an embodiment, the linear actuator applies force to either one wall panel or both wall panels.
In an embodiment, the force of the linear actuator is achieved either by a screw jack mechanism, a winch mechanism, a hydraulic mechanism, a belt drive mechanism or an electromagnetic mechanism.
In an embodiment, the FBSM has two primary geometric states: a folded geometry and an unfolded geometry, wherein,
-
- in the folded geometry, all five panels are relatively flat with the base panel on the bottom, the two wall panels above the base panel and the two roof panels above the wall panels, and
- in the unfolded geometry, the base panel is the lowest panel and in a horizontal configuration, the two wall panels are connected to the transverse edges of the base panel via hinges and are in the vertical orientation, and the roof panels are in an inclined orientation, being connected to the top edges of the wall panels and to each other at the peak of the gable roof.
In an embodiment, penetrations in the FRP panels are provided and transparent or translucent panels are integrated in the FRP panels, allowing natural light to pass through the panel.
In an embodiment, FBSMs are integrated with a platform and foundation system, structural and enclosure end wall components, exterior stairs and ramps, mechanical/electrical equipment and a raised floor system, wherein:
-
- The platform system guides the placement of and provides connection locations for the FBSMs.
- The foundation system supports the platform system and superstructure system above. This system transfers all axial, shear and moment reactions from the structural system to ground.
- The end wall components are fabricated using composite FRP material and serve to support the roof ridge, resist external lateral forces, close out the ends of the build systems to achieve a fully enclosed space and provide means of ingress and egress.
- The exterior stairs and ramps are components which accommodate any difference in elevation between interior space and the exterior grade.
- The mechanical equipment provides temperature and air quality control for the interior space.
- The raised floor system provides a finished floor surface while creating a plenum space below the finished floor which is utilized for mechanical, electrical or plumbing components.
In an embodiment, the foundation system is selected from the group consisting of ground screws, cast-in-place or precast concrete footings and counterweight or ballast components. For each of these options, a leveling component can be included in the connection detail between the foundation and the platform to allow for a level structure on sites with varying topography.
In an embodiment, the platform system comprises a series of linear and bearing elements, wherein,
-
- the primary elements run perpendicular to the FBSM and the secondary elements run parallel to the FBSM.
- the primary elements are connected to the foundation elements via the leveling component described above.
- the primary elements function as a track to guide the placement of the FBSMs and allow for linear movement of the FBSMs in the direction parallel to the primary elements.
- the secondary elements act as spacers for the primary elements to ensure the platform layout is consistent with the FBSM geometry.
- bearing blocks are provided over discrete areas as required to allow for support of excessive loads from Mechanical equipment.
In an embodiment, the erection of an integrated deployable modular building system (IDMBS) using FBSMs is performed over several steps, the steps comprising
-
- Step 1—Layout foundation locations
- Step 2—Install Foundation Components
- Step 3—Install Primary platform elements
- Step 4—Install secondary platform elements
- Step 5—Install bearing block elements
- Step 6—Place AFM on platform
- Step 7—Erect the roof panels of the AFM using the linear actuator
- Step 8—Install upper strut component to lock roof hinge
- Step 9—Erect the first wall panel of the AFM using the linear actuator
- Step 10—Install the lower strut at the base of wall 1
- Step 11—Erect the second wall panel of the AFM using the linear actuator
- Step 12—Install the middle strut at the top of wall 1
- Step 13—Install the lower and middle struts of wall 2
- Step 14—Adjust location of AFM using platform track system as required
- Step 15—Connect adjacent AFM's if they are present
- Step 16—Repeat steps 6-15 for additional FBSM based building geometry
- Step 17—Install the end wall components
- Step 18—Connect the end wall components to the FBSMs
- Step 19—Install the mechanical, electrical and plumbing systems
- Step 20—Install the raised floor system
Reference will now be made in detail to one or more implementations of a foldable building system module consistent with the principles disclosed herein as illustrated in the accompanying drawings. Through integration with additional systems, the foldable building system module may provide the structural system as well as an enclosure envelope for a building system or other structure. The foldable nature of the modules allows for panels to unfolded from a flat pack geometry used for transportation into a building geometry which exhibits floors, walls and a roof. The modular nature of the foldable building system module allows flexibility such that a building system utilizing the foldable building system module may be expanded in size using two or more modules preferably connected as illustrated in the accompanying drawings and description. The prefabricated integrated nature of the modules allows them to be erected using relatively simple construction techniques and equipment during deployment.
Exemplary embodiments of the foldable building system module of this disclosure and systems employing the same are illustrated in the accompanying drawings and description. However, the foldable building system module may be implemented such that any combination of the primary component configurations (panel, hinge, actuator & enclosure) presented herein may be utilized at any point during the lifespan of a structural system to achieve a structural and/or enclosure system or other systems as disclosed herein. A foldable building system module consistent with principles disclosed herein enables the rapid deployment of on a variety of potential sites using relatively simple construction equipment. Additional benefits of the proposed disclosure include but are not limited to: an FBSM is lightweight and stackable making for easy packaging and transport, and easy reusability allowing for deployment on many different sites over the lifespan of the product; and plural FBSMs provide expandability of building system size through the addition of new foldable building system modules.
As shown in
It can be appreciated that as the hinges 30a and 30b are pulled together, this causes the roof panels 12 to be pushed together. The forces on the roof panels 12 in turn cause the panels 12 to act on the hinge 30e causing them to pivot about the hinge 30e and form a gable roof. At the end of this stage a pair of upper ties 22 are installed to stabilize the roof panels 12 through the rest of the erection process as well as in the final structural system. The next primary stage of erection is illustrated in
Preferably three longitudinally extending tracks are embedded in the base panel 10. A middle actuator track 40d houses a threaded rod 40c and at each end of the actuator track are bearing blocks 40f. These bearing blocks allow the threaded rod to spin freely while transferring force between the base panel and a thrust block 40a. As the threaded rod 40c is rotated, this rotational torque is translated into linear motion through the threaded thrust block 40a. The thrust block is rigidly connected to the translational hinge 30b such that the two move together. Two guide tracks 40e which are parallel to and on opposite sides of the actuator track 40d provide additional lateral stability to the translational hinge 30b. Guide blocks 40a run inside the guide tracks 40e and also are rigidly connected to the translational hinge 30b. Again, the fixed hinge 30a is rigidly connected to the base panel 10 and is used to connect the left wall panel 11a to the base panel 10. A continuous waterproofing gasket 51 is provided to ensure a watertight seal is achieved between adjacent foldable building system modules as well as at hinge locations.
In each of the
As previously discussed in
The platform system is composed of primary beam elements 111 which align with grid lines A, B & C. Foldable building system modules connect directly to these primary beam elements 111. Details of one such connection are discussed below in connection with
-
- Step 1—Install Foundation Components 100: Grounds screws are screwed into the ground at coordinated locations which will receive the primary beam elements 111 of the platform system.
- Step 2—Install Platform system 110: Primary beam elements 111 are connected to the foundation elements 101 while using the secondary beam elements 112 to position the primary beams, after which bearing pad elements 113 are installed.
- Step 3—Set foldable building module 120 on to platform system: Flat packed foldable building system module 120 is placed onto the primary beam elements close to their final location.
- Step 4—Erect foldable building system module 120 (refer to prior figures and descriptions for erection steps): Shift the foldable building system module 120 along the primary beam elements 111 as required to lock in the foldable module at the correct location and make connection between adjacent foldable modules 120.
- Step 5—Repeat steps 3 and 4 until the desired number of foldable building system modules are installed and erected: as described in step 4, the primary beam elements 111 of the platform system act as support and for the foldable building system module 120 but also provide a track to move the foldable modules 120 in a direction parallel to the primary beam element 111.
- Step 6—Install end wall module: Connect the end wall modules 140 via structural connectors to the end most foldable building system module 120.
- Step 7—Install entry module: Connect the entry modules 130 to the end most foldable building system module 120.
- Step 8—Install exterior ramp and stairs: as required install the exterior access stairs 181, ramp 182 and porch 183 to one or both ends of the modular building system.
Similar to
The forgoing description of an implementation of the disclosure has been present for the purpose of illustration and description. It is not exhaustive and does not limit the disclosure to the precise form disclosed. Modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teachings or may be acquired from practicing the disclosure. Accordingly, while various embodiments of the present disclosure may have been described, it will be apparent to those of skill in the art that many more embodiments and implementations are possible that are within the scope of this disclosure. Accordingly, the present disclosure is not to be restricted except in light of the attached claims and their equivalents
Claims
1. A foldable building system module comprising:
- prefabricated panels connected by hinges;
- an integrated actuator mechanism; and
- deployable struts,
- wherein, the integrated actuator mechanism is connected to at least two of the panels to apply force to strategic points on the at least two panels and cause the foldable building system module to unfold from a folded flat pack geometry into a deployed building geometry, and the panels include prefabricated strut connection points to which the struts can be connected during the unfolding process, to impart structural stabilizing forces to the foldable building system module.
2. The foldable building system module of claim 1, wherein at least one panel is prefabricated from a composite fiber reinforced polymer material.
3. The foldable building system module of claim 1, wherein at least one panel is prefabricated from timber comprising cross laminated timber, dowel laminated timber, or nail laminated timber.
4. The foldable building system module of claim 1, wherein at least one panel is prefabricated with (a) a rigid frame which performs all required structural requirements and (b) a nonstructural infill panel received within the rigid frame.
5. The foldable building system module of claim 1, comprising five panels including abase panel, two wall panels and two roof panels, each wall panel having a first edge connected to the base panel, each roof panel having a first edge connected to a respective second edge of the wall panels, and each roof panel having a second edge connected to the second edge of the other roof panel.
6. The foldable building system module of claim 5, wherein the folded flat pack geometry includes the base panel on a bottom of the pack,the wall panels about on the base panel, and the roof panels on the wall panels.
7. The foldable building system module of claim 5, wherein the deployed building geometry includes the base panel in a horizontal orientation, the two wall panels connected to respective transverse edges of the base panel and in a vertical orientation, and the roof panels forming a gable roof.
8. The foldable building system module of claim 1, wherein each of the panels has a planar geometry.
9. The foldable building system module of claim 1, wherein at least one of the panels has a corrugated geometry.
10. The foldable building system module of claim 1, wherein at least one of the panels has a curved geometry.
11. The foldable building system module of claim 1, wherein at least one panel has integrated transparent or translucent panels prefabricated into it.
12. The foldable building system module of claim 1, wherein at least one of the panels is without penetrations.
13. The foldable building system module of claim 1, wherein each panel includes a continuous integrated waterproofing gasket around a perimeter of the panel.
14. The foldable building system module of claim 13, wherein the waterproofing gasket is connected to the panel by means of an adhesive bond, or by being embedded into an extruded track.
15. The foldable building system module of claim 13, wherein the waterproofing gasket is connected to the modular panel by embedment into an extruded track made from fiber reinforced polymer or aluminum.
16. The foldable building system module of claim 1, wherein the hinges are integral to the panels and fabricated from the same material as the modular.
17. The foldable building system module of claim 1, wherein the hinges are separate components which are connected to the panels.
18. The foldable building system module of claim 1, wherein the actuator mechanism is embedded in a base panel.
19. The foldable building system module of claim 1, wherein the actuator mechanism performs in a linear fashion.
20. The foldable building system module of claim 1, wherein the actuator mechanism uses a screw jack type mechanism to convert rotation torque to linear motion.
21. The foldable building system module of claim 1, wherein the actuator mechanism uses a winch mechanism to convert rotation torque to linear motion.
22. The foldable building system module of claim 1, wherein the actuator mechanism utilizes a hydraulic jack to achieve linear motion.
23. The foldable building system module of claim 1, wherein an integrated deployable strut is prefabricated into at least one panel.
24. The foldable building system module of claim 1, wherein the deployable struts are separate from the panels and can be connected to the connection points during unfolding of the folding building system module.
25. The foldable building system module of claim 1, wherein the deployable struts comprise timber, aluminum, steel, or fiber reinforced polymer.
26. A modular building comprising: plural foldable building system modules on the platform, each foldable building system module according to claim 1;
- a foundation system;
- a platform on the foundation system;
- an end wall system;
- a plumbing circuit; and
- an electrical circuit.
27. The modular building of claim 26, wherein the foundation system includes leveling mechanisms to level the platform.
28. The modular building of claim 26, wherein the foundation system includes ground screws to transfer structural forces from the modular building to earth.
29. The modular building of claim 26, wherein the foundation system includes cast-in-place or precast concrete footings to transfer structural forces from the modular building to earth.
30. The modular building of claim 26, wherein the foundation system includes one or more counterweights or ballasts to transfer structural forces from the modular building to earth.
31. The modular building of claim 26, wherein the platform includes beam elements and bearing elements.
32. The modular building of claim 31, wherein the beam elements comprise primary beam elements which connect directly to the foundation system and provide primary support of the foldable building system modules.
33. The modular building of claim 31, wherein the beam elements include secondary beam elements which space a part the primary linear elements.
34. The modular building of claim 32, wherein the bearing elements are located to spread heavy mechanical loads.
35. A method of erecting a modular building comprising:
- unfolding foldable building system modules next to each other in a series arrangement, each foldable building system module according to claim 1; and
- connecting the foldable building system modules together to form a single building structure.
36. The method of claim 35, wherein the foldable building system modules are placed directly on the primary beam elements.
37. The method of claim 36, wherein adjacent foldable building system modules are connected to one another at discrete points.
38. The method of claim 36, wherein adjacent foldable building system modules are connected continuously along shared edges.
39. The method of claim 36, comprising extending a tension element through all adjacent foldable building system models and tightening the tension element to achieve a post tensioned effect resulting in diaphragm action across the adjacent foldable building system modules.
40. The method of claim 36, wherein end panels are erected at opposite longitudinal ends of the building structure.
41. The method of claim 41, wherein the end panels are either structural or non-structural in nature and achieve a watertight seal at the longitudinal ends of the building structure.
42. The method of claim 36, wherein at least one of the end panels includes a door opening.
Type: Application
Filed: Sep 2, 2021
Publication Date: Mar 2, 2023
Applicant: SKIDMORE OWNINGS & MERRILL LLP (NEW YORK, NY)
Inventors: Matthew Streeter (Brooklyn, NY), Jose Luis Palacios (Los Angles, CA), Christoph Timm (New York, NY), Jon Cicconi (Brooklyn, NY), Siyang Xiao (New York, NY), Carlos Talero (New York, NY), Antonia Georgia Kassanou (Brooklyn, NY), Alexandra Thewis (Harrison, NJ), Sasimanas Hoonsuwan (Brooklyn, NY), Preetam Biswas (Bayonne, NJ)
Application Number: 17/465,459