Pump trainer, exercise machine and methods of use
A stationary exercise machine comprising an ergonomic device attached to a trolley slidably connected to an inclinable surface. The trolley connected to one or more resistance mechanisms generally opposing one another or gravity. The ergonomic device comprised of a balance board, seat, carriage, bike, or other apparatus intended to carry a user. A method where the user pumps, moving one's body weight in a rhythmic up-and-down, back-and-forth motion, to repetitively move the ergonomic device along the inclinable surface while standing, squatting, kneeling, sitting, laying, or otherwise resting, balancing, or riding on the ergonomic device, and where at least one resistance mechanism stores and releases mechanical energy produced by the user's pumping action. The resistance mechanisms can also be connected or disconnected, or user-controlled or automated to facilitate alternative methods of use, such as use as a balance board, rower, reformer, gravity-based exerciser, elastic resistance trainer, or flywheel resistance trainer.
This invention relates to an action sports training device or exercise machine that mimics the pumping action of many board sports, such as surfing, snowboarding, skateboarding, and related action sports, such as skiing, skating, and cycling, where an individual participant uses one's body weight to pump and ride a board or other ergonomic device across a surface.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTIONAction sports can be loosely defined as extreme or alternative sports in which “the participant is subjected to natural or unusual physical demands”. 1 Herein, the disclosed invention is focused on the training, exercise, or fitness related to a subset of action sports in which an individual participant is required to use a primary piece of equipment, such as a board, skis, skates, scooter, bike, or other non-motorized or motorized device that the participant rides across a surface, such as on land, water, air, or the built environment. The common thread relating this subset of action sports to the disclosed invention is the “pumping action”—an up-and-down, back-and-forth body motion—that a participant uses to maintain momentum, generate speed, or climb an incline such as a wave, hill, ramp, or similar surface generally flowing against the direction of gravity or other natural force without the need for pushing, paddling, pedaling, or otherwise shuffling one's extremities or other equipment to move forward. Common examples of action sports that use one's body weight for pumping, as described here, include most board sports, such as surfing, snowboarding, skateboarding, and related actions sports, such as skiing, skating, scootering, cycling, or other individual non-motorized or motorized sport that will be familiar to persons having ordinary knowledge of the action sports industry.
Prior art in the action sports training and exercise equipment space are typically focused on balance, cardio, endurance, flexibility, and strength training Examples include balance boards, slacklines, treadmills, stair climbers, ellipticals, stationary bikes, rowing machines, pilates reformers, weight lifting machines, resistance trainers, and related equipment or variations or combinations thereof that will be familiar to persons having ordinary knowledge of the fitness and exercise equipment art. Whereas these and related prior art have merit in their ability to exercise or train an athlete or participant in one or more skills, none are able to replicate the pumping action described here. Even prior art more closely related to the disclosed invention, which combines elements of balance boards, rowers, reformers, and resistance trainers, do not embody the disclosed methods of use, i.e., pumping, as described here. Such prior art of relevance includes the following:
-
- U.S. Ser. No. 10/518,125B2 “Translating carriage exercise machines and methods of use”
- U.S. Ser. No. 10/596,408B2 “Bi-directional resistance exercise machine”
- U.S. Ser. No. 10/967,219B2 “Exercise device with rocking seat”
- US20050148434A1 “Springloaded exercise board”
- US20060287173A1 “Balance and motion exercise training and conditioning device”
- US20130225375A1 “Exercise methods and apparatus simulating stand-up paddle boarding”
- US20150202484A1 “Body transformer”
- US20210146190A1 “Multi-axis adjustable exercise machine”
- US20210213344A1 “Exercise device”
- U.S. Pat. No. 4,470,597A “Exerciser with flywheel”
- U.S. Pat. No. 5,062,629A “Surfing simulator”
- U.S. Pat. No. 5,152,691A “Snowboard simulator balance apparatus”
- U.S. Pat. No. 5,496,239A “Exercise and ski simulating device”
- U.S. Pat. No. 5,904,636A “Exerciser for surfing”
- U.S. Pat. No. 6,168,554B1 “Exercise attachment for cross country ski simulator”
- U.S. Pat. No. 6,942,487B2 “Skateboard trick master and amusement device”
- U.S. Pat. No. 7,094,183B2 “Multi-purpose surfing balancer”
- U.S. Pat. No. 7,479,097B2 “Safety balance device”
- U.S. Pat. No. 7,566,291B2 “Balance training device and method of use”
- U.S. Pat. No. 7,766,801B2 “Method of using an exercise device having an adjustable incline”
- U.S. Pat. No. 7,775,952B1 “Balance training apparatus, and over and under combination”
- U.S. Pat. No. 8,128,540B2 “Multipurpose exercise system”
- U.S. Pat. No. 9,022,909B2 “Adaptive split carriage exercise reformer”
Notably, most common fitness equipment and exercise machines do not have significant barriers to entry. That is, a novice user is typically just as capable at performing the required motions on a standard piece of exercise equipment, such as a treadmill or stationary bike, as an experienced user. As a result, the use of most standard exercise equipment does not typically require substantial practice to master the art, and experienced users may not feel an increased enjoyment with mastery through continued practice or training Arguably, as with many other sports, games, and related activities, the level of enjoyment or fun that an activity embodies may be correlated with the amount of skill or practice required to master the activity because the act of learning a new skill through practice is in and of itself enjoyable or fun. Therefore, fitness equipment or exercise machines that embody a distinct learning curve, where a user must practice the activity to achieve maximum performance or mastery, may provide a participant or athlete a more pleasurable exercise or training experience.
Pumping is one of the most fundamental skills that an action sports athlete or participant should master for maximum performance and enjoyment of the sport. Pumping is not only critical to maintain momentum, generate speed, or traverse uneven surfaces, but it also requires a unique combination of balance, strength, coordination, and agility that can only be learned by doing. Therefore, action sports participants usually learn to pump in situ, in their sport's natural or built environment, e.g., on a wave, mountain, or ramp. For this reason, action sports tend to attract dedicated risk-takers that are willing to learn a sport's fundamentals through practice in often risky and extreme environments; hence, the common nomenclature “extreme sports”. As a less extreme alternative, pump tracks have become relatively popular entry-level arenas where participants of any skill level can learn to pump a skateboard, bike, or other wheeled device around a circuit of banked turns, rollers, berms, and other features. Likewise, artificial wave machines that generate traveling or standing waves can make learning to pump across the surface of a wave or moving stream of water a more consistent activity, such that participants do not need to rely on natural weather events for waves. However, like the natural and built environments vital to most action sports, pump tracks and artificial wave machines are not widely accessible or portable because they require ample physical space to build the arenas and participants must use forward-moving devices to traverse the natural or built topographies.
To date, there exists no stationary training device or exercise machine that mimics or similarly embodies the action of “pumping” in which a participant must use a rhythmic up-and-down, back-and-forth motion of one's body weight to maintain momentum, generate speed, or climb an incline. Countless attempts to capture the feel of popular board sports, e.g., surfing, snowboarding, skateboarding, etc., and related action sports, e.g., skiing, skating, cycling, etc., have been developed, but all fall short of describing this unique repetitive movement or pumping action. Such embodiments of a stationary action sports pumping machine and methods of use are disclosed and claimed herein.
BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTIONIn contrast to other stationary training devices and exercise machines, the disclosed invention closely mimics the feel of surfing a wave, riding a ramp, or otherwise pumping a board or other non-motorized or motorized equipment across an inclinable surface. The fundamental feeling of pumping is embodied in one aspect of the invention by combining select mechanical elements of four non-motorized, stationary systems—i.e., balance boards, rowing machines, pilates reformers, and resistance training systems. As a result, the disclosed pumping apparatus can be easily adapted for use as a multi-functional cross-training exercise machine. The unique combination of mechanical elements in the disclosed invention allow it to conveniently operate in at least one and up to seven or more different modes of use as a pump trainer, a balance board, a rower, a reformer, a gravity-based exerciser, an elastic resistance trainer, and a flywheel resistance trainer. As such, the disclosed pump training device can provide a full range of balance, cardio, endurance, flexibility, strength, coordination, and agility exercises in one simple, compact and slim profile.
The disclosed invention provides in one aspect a pump training device comprising:
-
- 1. an inclinable beam, with a front end and a rear end,
- a. the front end attached to a first resistance mechanism and a first structural support,
- b. the rear end attached to a second resistance mechanism and a second structural support;
- 2. a trolley slidably connected to the inclinable beam and comprises,
- a. a first mounting bracket for attaching the first resistance mechanism to transfer forces from the front end of the inclinable beam to the trolley,
- b. a second mounting bracket for attaching the second resistance mechanism to transfer forces from the rear end of the inclinable beam to the trolley,
- c. a third mounting bracket for attaching an ergonomic device, such as a board, seat, carriage, platform, stomp pad, footplates, bike, or other apparatus intended to carry the user;
- 3. an ergonomic device that may be attached to the trolley,
- a. by a rigid connection,
- b. by one or more freely rotating and/or translating connections, enabling the device to tilt, pivot, spin, slide, or otherwise rotate and/or translate freely with at least one and up to six degrees of freedom,
- c. by one or more partially restrained mechanical connections, enabling the device to tilt, pivot, spin, slide, or otherwise rotate and/or translate in a controlled manner, using deformable materials, bladders, springs, dampers, or other suspension mechanisms that resist or partially constrain motion in at least one and up to six degrees of freedom.
- 1. an inclinable beam, with a front end and a rear end,
The disclosed invention provides in another aspect a method for transferring dynamic forces from a system of at least one mechanical resistance mechanism to a body motion known as “pumping” where:
-
- 1. a user pumps, moving one's body weight in a rhythmic up-and-down, back-and-forth motion, to repetitively move an ergonomic device along an inclinable surface while standing, squatting, kneeling, sitting, laying, or otherwise resting, balancing, or riding on the ergonomic device;
- 2. at least one resistance mechanism stores and releases mechanical energy produced by the user's pumping action in the form of conserved momentum, elastic or viscoelastic energy, gravity, or other energy transfer or damping mechanism(s).
The disclosed device and methods encompass a variation of resistance training equipment and related exercises or body movements that embody the unique pumping action common among action sports in which an individual uses a non-motorized or motorized piece of equipment to ride or move via pumping across a flat, sloped, curved, or otherwise inclinable or contoured surface.
balance assistance.
Referring to
The damped-undamped resistance produced by flywheel assembly 152 is generated by a one-way clutch and braking system (not shown), located within flywheel assembly 152, that engages when pull cord 148 is unwound and disengages when pull cord 148 is rewound, similar to the one-way mechanisms of many commercially-available rowers, such as those developed by Concept2, Echelon, Hydrow, LifeCore Fitness, NordicTrack, Paradigm Health & Wellness, ProForm, and Total Gym. In contrast, the plurality of elastic tension members 146 are always engaged, similar to the resistance bands or springs of many commercially-available reformers, such as those developed by Align-Pilates, Balanced Body, Casa Pilates, IM=X Pilates & Fitness, Lagree, Merrithew, Stamina, and Total Gym. Therefore, in its simplest form, pump trainer 100 can be thought of as a combination rower-reformer, where the tension mechanisms of each system (i.e., elastic resistance and flywheel resistance) oppose one another to balance forces on trolley 106. When a user stands, kneels, squats, sits, or otherwise rests on balance board 102 without moving, trolley 106 rests in an equilibrium position, generally midway between end plates 132 and 134, that also depends on the user's body weight and the inclination angle of inclinable beam 114.
As such, pump trainer 100 has three independent variables of dynamic control: (i) the undamped elastic resistance of elastic tension members 146, (ii) the damped-undamped flywheel resistance of pull cord 148, and (iii) the inclination angle of inclinable beam 114. These three mechanisms can be adjusted manually (as described above) or by a user interface (not shown) set up to control mechanical and/or electrical circuitry that can be adjusted by the user via wired or wireless connection, or adjusted automatically via programmable software or algorithms, or adjusted dynamically via artificial intelligence to produce real-time variable responses to the user's dynamic pumping actions on pump trainer 100 or to produce real-time variable resistances correlated with an augmented or virtual environment that changes the work-out intensity of pump trainer 100. Following this idea, pump trainer 100 could also be connected to digital video and audio content through a user interface console or screen (not shown) that displays virtual environments correlated with the user's actions—e.g., point-of-view simulations of surfing on a wave, snowboarding on a mountain, or skating on a ramp could be dynamically correlated with specific movements made by the user when riding or otherwise moving on pump trainer 100. This type of immersive human-in-the-loop experience may be popular among fitness enthusiasts, physical therapists, augmented or virtual reality gamers, board sports athletes, and similar audiences that will be familiar to persons having ordinary knowledge of the immersive fitness industry. Several immersive fitness products on the market could be adapted for use with pump trainer 100, such as future augmented or virtual reality experiences using a VR headset, such as those by Apple, HP, HTC, Meta, Microsoft, Nintendo, PlayStation, and Valve, or an immersive fitness platform, such as those by Black Box VR, Holodia, iFIT, Immersive Gym, Les Mills, Peloton, SoulCycle, and Supernatural.
When a user pumps one's body weight in a rhythmic oscillatory fashion while standing, kneeling, squatting, or otherwise riding balance board 102, trolley 106 oscillates in a related rhythmic back-and-forth motion along inclinable beam 114. During each down-stroke, the user pushes one's body weight in a generally downward direction, with gravity, to slide trolley 106 downward toward lower end plate 134, forcing elastic tension members 146 to stretch while pull cord 148 shortens and rewinds into flywheel assembly 152, producing an undamped elastic response to the down-stroke phase of one pumping repetition. Conversely, during each up-stroke, the user lifts one's body weight in a generally upward direction, against gravity, to slide trolley 106 upward toward upper end plate 132, forcing elastic tension members 146 to relax while pull cord 148 lengthens and unwinds from flywheel assembly 152, producing a damped elastic response to the up-stroke phase of one pumping repetition. This unique, undamped-to-damped elastic response of pump trainer 100 results, for example, in a very similar feeling to that of pumping across the face of a wave when surfing, the terrain of a mountain when snowboarding, or the surface of a ramp when skateboarding.
Because the action of pumping may require considerable practice before the user becomes proficient with pump trainer 100, optional safety bar 160, as illustrated in
Notably, the disclosed invention and methods of use (i.e., pumping) are not specifically restricted to the gravity-assisted, undamped-to-damped elastic motion of the preferred embodiment of pump trainer 100 described above. For example,
In a second class of alternative embodiments, one or more automatic clutches, similar on-off devices (e.g., in embodiment 230), motorized drivetrains, or similar non-motorized or motorized mechanisms, could be applied to create spatially and/or temporally varied damping profiles across each pumping repetition, creating more refined pumping experiences that more closely mimic natural symmetries, patterns, or other features, such as the symmetric arc of a halfpipe, the random oscillations of a mountain trail, the flowing water of a wave, or other spatiotemporal characteristics of related natural, built, or virtual environments. In the preferred and alternative embodiments described above and in other related embodiments (e.g., with more or less simplistic or complex mechanical circuitry using the same, similar, or different machinery, mechanisms, materials, or resistance forces) that will be familiar to persons having ordinary knowledge in fitness and exercise equipment art, there must be at least two opposing forces acting on trolley 106, such that the user returns to an equilibrium position, somewhere generally midway between end plates 132 and 134, when at rest. Therefore, when in motion, the user pumps balance board 102 forcing trolley 106 to oscillate back-and-forth about this equilibrium position, creating a repetitive motion that very closely mimics the unique feel and fluidity of surfing, snowboarding, skateboarding, and related board sports.
In a third class of alternative embodiments, additional degrees of freedom about datum reference 116 could be introduced by adding one or more resistance mechanisms or planes of travel. For example, three or more resistance mechanisms anchored at the three or more vertices of a convex polygon could be attached to a trolley that slides, glides, rolls, levitates, or otherwise moves across a generally wider, inclinable surface analogous to inclinable beam 114, but that is flat, arced, bowl-shaped, or otherwise contoured in a way that provides a more immersive feel, allowing for at least two and up to six degrees of freedom, when pumping. In addition, the inclinable surface (real, virtual or perceived) could be enclosed in a booth-like configuration where displays of natural, built, or virtual environments surround the user with viewing angles up to 360°, or with VR headsets, or future augmented reality platforms. With the addition of spatiotemporal damping control and added resistance mechanisms, such future augmented reality platforms could be applied to a many applications beyond fitness and training exercises, including but not limited to aerospace flight simulators, zero-gravity or low-gravity exercise equipment, or related earth-bound and extraterrestrial exercise equipment that may interest government agencies or companies, such as Blue Origin, Boeing, Northrop Grumman, Orbital, Sierra Nevada, and SpaceX.
In a fourth class of alternative embodiments, balance board 102 may be removed and replaced with a different ergonomic device, such as a stationary bike, ski/skate-like footplates (not shown), or other ergonomic apparatus intended to carry the user. For example,
In the preferred embodiment of pump trainer 100, basic mechanical elements of balance boards, rowers, reformers, and resistance training systems are combined, making pump trainer 100 uniquely adapted to function as an all-in-one multifunctional cross-training exercise machine. For example, an optional locking mechanism (not shown) can be engaged on trolley 106 to fix its position on inclinable beam 114, such that balance board 102 can be used as a stationary platform for balance training that does not translate across inclinable beam 114. Referring to
Referring to
Referring to
Finally, any variety of combinations of the above described embodiments that may be possible for developing unique exercises and body movements that may or may not require the action of pumping are included in the embodied methods of use for pump trainer 100, where elastic tension members 146, pull cord 148, hand/foot grips 402 or 404, footplates 504, handlebar 506, tension ropes 608, hand/foot straps 610, jump board 614, grips 616, or other ergonomic devices are engaged and coupled with or without the use of balance board 102, stationary bike 302, seat 502, carriage 602, or other ergonomic device attached to trolley 106. Referring to
Claims
1. A stationary exercise machine comprising:
- a. an inclinable surface,
- b. a trolley slidably connected to the inclinable surface,
- c. an ergonomic device connected to the trolley that supports a user,
- d. at least one resistance mechanism, generally attached between the inclinable surface and the trolley, that counteracts pumping actions or rhythmic up-and-down, back-and-forth body movements repetitively generated by the user.
2. An exercise machine according to claim 1, wherein the inclinable surface consists of one or more straight or curved beams that constrain motion of the trolley to slide along the length of the beams.
3. An exercise machine according to claim 1, wherein the inclinable surface consists of a flat, convex, concave, or generally curved surface or platform.
4. An exercise machine according to claim 1, wherein stomp plates, safety bars, and/or similar protective mechanisms are added to provide a user additional balance or support before, after, or during use.
5. An exercise machine according to claim 1, wherein the inclinable surface can be manually or automatically positioned before or during use to be horizontal, vertical, or tilted in one or both directions with respect to ground level.
6. An exercise machine according to claim 1, wherein the trolley is constrained to one, two, or three degrees of translational freedom with respect to the inclinable surface.
7. An exercise machine according to claim 1, wherein the ergonomic device is a balance board that is flexibly attached to the trolley and allowed to tilt, pivot, spin, slide, glide, or otherwise rotate or translate with at least one and up to six degrees of freedom freely or partially restrained with respect to the trolley when a user interacts with the device.
8. An exercise machine according to claim 1, wherein the ergonomic device is a seat or carriage that is rigidly attached to the trolley and constrained to have zero degrees of freedom with respect to the trolley when the user interacts with the device.
9. An exercise machine according to claim 1, wherein the ergonomic device is a stationary bike that is flexibly or rigidly attached to the trolley.
10. An exercise machine according to claim 1, wherein one or more resistance mechanisms are engaged and generally oppose one another or gravity, and the resistance mechanisms consist of:
- a. only elastic tension members, or
- b. only pull cords attached to one or more flywheel assemblies,
- c. some combination of one or more elastic tension members and pull cords attached to one or more flywheel assemblies.
11. An exercise machine according to claim 1, wherein at least one resistance mechanism is composed of elastic tension members further comprising one or more bands or springs that store energy in the form of elastic deformation and may use different materials, geometries, hydraulics, pistons, dampers, or other linear or nonlinear, elastic or viscoelastic mechanisms to provide adjustable or variable resistance in tension when pulled and released in two opposing directions.
12. An exercise machine according to claim 1, wherein at least one resistance mechanism is composed of a flywheel assembly further comprising one or more flywheels that store energy in the form of rotational momentum and may or may not use a clutch and braking system by way of frictional contact, magnets, air, water, or other fluids to provide adjustable or variable resistance to a pull cord wound around a drum wheel that is mechanically connected to a flywheel to transfer energy when pulled in a single direction.
13. An exercise machine according to claim 1, wherein one or more resistance mechanisms are engaged and generally oppose one another or gravity, and the resistance mechanisms consist of tension members, pull cords, telescoping rods, gears, or other structural linkages attached to motorized spools, reels, winches, actuators, or similar tensioning mechanisms that can be manually or automatically adjusted or controlled by the user, by programmable algorithm, by artificial intelligence, or by other mechanical, electrical, magnetic, wired or wireless means.
14. An exercise machine according to claim 1, wherein the ergonomic device is attached to the trolley by way of one or more tunable resistance mechanisms, such as deformable materials, bladders, springs, dampers, joints, or other suspension mechanisms, that can restrict, partially restrain, or release movement of the ergonomic device within one or more degrees of rotational and/or translational freedom.
15. An exercise machine according to claim 1, wherein the ergonomic device is attached to the trolley by way of one or more motorized resistance mechanisms, such as electric motors or actuators, that can be manually or automatically adjusted or controlled by the user, by programmable algorithm, by artificial intelligence, or by other mechanical, electrical, magnetic, wired or wireless means.
16. A method for adapting and operating an exercise machine with an original first resistance mechanism, such as a resistance trainer, gravity-based exerciser, rowing machine, or pilates reformer, wherein the method comprises:
- a. adding an additional second resistance mechanism to said exercise machine that opposes forces from the first resistance mechanism or gravity, and
- b. operating the newly adapted machine with a pumping action or generally rhythmic up-and-down, back-and-forth body movement repetitively generated by the user.
17. A method for operating a stationary exercise machine, wherein the method comprises:
- a. a pumping action, or a generally rhythmic up-and-down, back-and-forth body movement, that a user generates to repetitively move across an inclinable surface while standing, squatting, kneeling, sitting, laying, or otherwise resting, balancing, or riding the machine,
- b. forcing a trolley to slide along an inclinable surface,
- c. interacting with one or more ergonomic devices attached to the machine's peripheral or trolley that is slidably connected to the inclinable surface,
- d. storing and releasing mechanical energy in at least one resistance mechanism, produced by a user's pumping action, in the form of conserved momentum, elastic or viscoelastic energy, gravity, or other energy transfer or damping mechanisms.
18. A method according to claim 16 or 17, wherein a user's pumping actions are synchronized with changes in an augmented or virtual reality environment that provides the user with authentic riding experiences that closely mimic real-time changes in a natural, built, or virtual environment.
19. A method of using an exercise machine according to claim 1, wherein the trolley is locked into position and cannot slide along the inclinable surface, allowing a user to operate the machine in alternative stationary modes, such as balance board mode, cycling mode, or similar resistance trainer or stationary exerciser modes.
20. A method of using an exercise machine according to claim 1, wherein only one resistance mechanism is engaged and optional hand/foot grips, straps, pulleys, bars, footplates, handlebar, jump board, trampoline, or other ergonomic components are added, allowing a user to operate the machine in alternative dynamic modes, such as rower mode, reformer mode, or similar resistance trainer or gravity-based exerciser modes.
Type: Application
Filed: Apr 21, 2023
Publication Date: Nov 30, 2023
Inventor: Michael Martin Porter (San Diego, CA)
Application Number: 18/304,656