Rotatable torque-measuring apparatus and method
A torque-measurement device that has a rotational axis, and wherein the torque-measurement device includes an inner tubular structure, an outer tubular structure, and a plurality of ribs that each have a length dimension in a rib-length direction parallel to the rotational axis, a rib-width dimension in a width direction perpendicular to the length direction and extending radially rotational axis, and a minimum rib-thickness dimension in a thickness direction perpendicular to the length direction and perpendicular to the width direction, wherein the length dimension is greater than the width dimension and the width dimension is greater than the thickness dimension, wherein each of the plurality of ribs has a center plane that lies in the rib-length direction and the rib-width direction, and wherein a torque applied between the inner tubular structure and the outer tubular structure results in an angular displacement of inner tubular structure relative to the outer tubular structure.
This invention relates generally to the technical field of torque sensors and torque sensing, and more particularly, to a method and apparatus of for measuring a torque applied to a shaft, wherein one use of the apparatus is to measure torque, power, and/or energy applied by a rider of a bicycle, and wherein that apparatus includes a cassette holder that fits on a rear-wheel hub (also called a freehub) and that holds one or more sprocket cassettes.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTIONThere is a growing trend in the bicycling community to use a torque-measuring device mounted to the bicycle that continuously sends information to a display that the rider can easily monitor while riding. The torque-measuring device may compute the torque applied by the bicycle rider to the bicycle drive train. The measured torque may be converted into a power measurement which is shown to the rider on a bicycle computer display.
U.S. Pat. No. 7,775,128 to Roessingh, et al. issued Aug. 17, 2010 with the title “Cassette-based power meter,” and is incorporated herein by reference. In U.S. Pat. No. 7,775,128, Roessingh, et al. describe a cassette-based power-measuring apparatus having a power-sensing arrangement mounted within a cavity defined by a hollow bicycle sprocket cassette. Their power-sensing arrangement includes a torque-sensing assembly including torque-sensing elements configured to measure a user-applied torque. The torque-sensing elements communicate with an electronics assembly configured to process the measured data and transmit it to a receiver. The torque-sensing assembly may include a torque tube or a series of bending beams secured between a rear plate of the cassette and a freehub. The torque tube or bending beams may include strain gauges bonded thereto for measuring strain induced by application of forces in response to user-applied power.
U.S. Pat. No. 6,694,828 to Nicot issued Feb. 24, 2004 with the title “Torque sensor for a turning shaft,” and is incorporated herein by reference. In U.S. Pat. No. 6,694,828, Nicot describes a device having at least one magnetic-field generator placed on a first plane of a right section of a shaft and at least one magnetic-field detector placed in a second plane of a right section of the shaft. The detector produces a signal proportional to the torque following the relative angular shift of the field generator in relation to the detector, the magnetic-field generator having a magnetic structure supported by support mechanisms connected to the turning shaft. The magnetic field detector is located roughly opposite the magnetic field generator and is supported by support mechanisms connected to the turning shaft.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTIONThere remains a need in the art for a torque-measuring, generally tubular device that can be inserted between an inner shaft or hub and an outer structure that delivers or receives a torque force to or from the shaft or hub, and in particular for a sprocket-cassette holder or a sprocket holder that measures torque between the sprocket-cassette or sprocket and the hub of a driven bicycle wheel.
In some embodiments, the present invention includes a sprocket-cassette holder that fits between a bicycle rear-wheel hub (also called a freewheel hub or freehub) and one or more sprockets and/or sprocket. The sprocket-cassette holder may define an outer freehub member and the bicycle rear wheel hub may define an inner freehub member. The sprockets may be assembled and affixed to the outer freehub member singly or in groups in a cassette fashion as may be defined by the shape of the outer freehub member. In some embodiments, the sprocket-cassette holder includes an electrical, optical, mechanical, and/or magnetic displacement-measuring device and circuit used as a torque-measuring sensor. In some embodiments, the displacement-measuring device produces a signal proportional to torque applied by a bicycle rider to a sprocket of the sprocket-cassette holder via a chain by measuring the relative angular displacement of an outer portion of the holder in relation to an inner portion of the holder.
In some embodiments, the displacement-measuring device and circuit are powered by a direct-current (DC) power source, such as one or more batteries, that are located in a cavity inside the sprocket-cassette holder. In some embodiments, the displacement-measuring device and circuit are located in a cavity inside the sprocket-cassette holder. In some embodiments, the outer portion of the sprocket-cassette holder defines the outer freehub member and the inner portion of the holder may define the inner freehub member. In some embodiments, the batteries, the displacement-measuring device, and the circuit may be located between the outer freehub member and the inner freehub member defined by the sprocket-cassette holder.
In some embodiments, the signal is wirelessly transmitted to a receiver unit coupled to a display. In some such embodiments, the display is mounted to the bicycle, while in other embodiments, the display is strapped to the wrist of the bicycle rider. In some embodiments, the display shows a numerical value for one or more parameters (such as torque, power, or energy) determined by the measured torque. In some embodiments, the display shows a graphical representation of the one or more parameters (such as torque, power, or energy) determined by the measured torque. In some embodiments, the graphical representation includes a graph of one or more of the parameters as a function of time for a trip. In some embodiments, the graphical representation of parameters of a current trip is displayed concurrently with graphical representation(s) of parameters of one or more past trips.
In some embodiments, the displacement-measuring device and circuit uses an electrical measurement between parallel plates with a plate affixed to an outer portion of the holder and another plate affixed to an inner portion of the holder. In some embodiments, the displacement-measuring device and circuit uses an optical measurement between a structure affixed to the outer portion of the holder and a structure affixed to the inner portion of the holder.
Referring briefly to
In some embodiments, the sprocket-cassette holder has a plurality of generally tubular sections each having a characteristic radial dimension that differs from the characteristic radial dimension of the other generally tubular sections. Each generally tubular section is connected to an adjoining generally tubular section by one or more connecting wall-like ribs extending in a radial direction between the generally tubular section having the smaller characteristic radial dimension and the adjoining generally tubular section having the larger characteristic radial dimension. The ribs are configured such that their outer edge deflects in a tangential direction when a rotational torque is applied between the outer portion and the inner portion of the sprocket-cassette holder, while the ribs maintain both the outer portion of the sprocket-cassette holder and the inner portion of the sprocket-cassette holder concentric relative to the rotational axis of the freehub.
In some embodiments, the inner portion of the sprocket-cassette holder has at least one generally tubular section having an inner surface configured to stay in a fixed relationship to the freehub of the rear wheel of the bicycle, and an outer surface that is connected, by a plurality of wall-like ribs, to one of the plurality of generally tubular sections of the outer portion. In some embodiments, the inner surface of the sprocket-cassette holder defines an inner freehub member and the outer surface of the holder may define an outer freehub member. In some embodiments, the inner freehub member of the sprocket-cassette holder may fit concentrically onto and be affixed to the freehub of a bicycle wheel. In some embodiments, the outer freehub member of the sprocket-cassette holder may accept one sprocket or groups of sprockets configured to fit concentrically onto and be affixed to the outer freehub member.
Although the following detailed description contains many specifics for the purpose of illustration, a person of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that many variations and alterations to the following details are within the scope of the invention. Very narrow and specific examples are used to illustrate particular embodiments; however, the invention described in the claims is not intended to be limited to only these examples, but rather includes the full scope of the attached claims. Accordingly, the following preferred embodiments of the invention are set forth without any loss of generality to, and without imposing limitations upon the claimed invention. Further, in the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments, reference is made to the accompanying drawings that form a part hereof, and in which are shown by way of illustration specific embodiments in which the invention may be practiced. It is understood that other embodiments may be utilized and structural changes may be made without departing from the scope of the present invention. The embodiments shown in the Figures and described here may include features that are not included in all specific embodiments. A particular embodiment may include only a subset of all of the features described, or a particular embodiment may include all of the features described.
The leading digit(s) of reference numbers appearing in the Figures generally corresponds to the Figure number in which that component is first introduced, such that the same reference number is used throughout to refer to an identical component which appears in multiple Figures. Signals and connections may be referred to by the same reference number or label, and the actual meaning will be clear from its use in the context of the description.
In some embodiments, the central bore 161 of cassette holder 101 fits onto and over a rear-wheel hub of a bicycle, with splines 131 and 132 fitting into slots in the hub.
In the embodiment of cassette holder 101 shown in
In some embodiments, the plurality of ribs 129 each have a rib-length dimension 93 in a length direction parallel to the rotational axis 99, a rib-width dimension 92 in a width direction perpendicular to the length direction and extending from a line at a shorter radial distance from the rotational axis and a line at a longer radial distance from the rotational axis, and a minimum rib-thickness dimension 91 in a thickness direction perpendicular to the length direction and perpendicular to the width direction, wherein the length dimension is greater than the width dimension and the width dimension is greater than the thickness dimension. In some embodiments, the minimum rib-thickness dimension 91 is less than 33% of the rib width dimension 92 (in some embodiments, the rib thickness dimension 91 is in a range of 12% to 25% of the rib width dimension 92; in some embodiments, the rib thickness dimension 91 is about 14% of the rib width dimension 92), and the rib thickness dimension 91 is less than 16% of the rib length dimension 93 (see
In some embodiments, circuit 501 includes an encoder 522, encoder-reader/sensor coupled to receive data from the encoder 522, differential receivers 526 coupled to receive data from the encoder reader/sensor 524, A/D converters 528 coupled top receive differential signals from receivers 526, and processor 530 coupled to receive digital values based on the sensed data from ADCs 528. In some embodiments, power input 512 is delivered to charger 514 connected to batteries 516 that drive DC-DC converters 518, which power the rest of the electrical circuit 501. In some embodiments, processor 530 sends data to and receives commands from a remote computer via antenna 542 and radio transceiver 540. In some embodiments, the remote computer includes a display that in some embodiments, is mounted to a handlebar of the bicycle.
In some embodiments, the displacement-measuring device produces a signal proportional to torque applied by a bicycle rider to a sprocket of the sprocket-cassette holder via a chain by measuring the relative angular displacement of an outer portion of the holder in relation to an inner portion of the holder.
In some examples, the displacement-measuring device and circuit are powered by a direct-current (DC) power source, such as one or more batteries, that are located in a cavity inside the sprocket-cassette holder. In some examples, the displacement-measuring device and circuit are located in a cavity inside the sprocket-cassette holder. The outer portion of the sprocket-cassette holder may define the outer freehub member and the inner portion of the holder may define the inner freehub member. In some examples, the batteries, the displacement-measuring device, and the circuit may be located between the outer freehub member and the inner freehub member defined by the sprocket-cassette holder.
In some examples, the signal is wirelessly transmitted to a receiver unit coupled to a display. In some such examples, the display is mounted to the bicycle, while in other examples, the display is strapped to the wrist of the bicycle rider. In some examples, the display shows a numerical value for one or more parameters (such as torque, power, or energy) determined by the measured torque. In some examples, the display shows a graphical representation of the one or more parameters (such as torque, power, or energy) determined by the measured torque. In some examples, the graphical representation includes a graph of one or more of the parameters as a function of time for a trip. In some examples, the graphical representation of parameters of a current trip is displayed concurrently with graphical representation(s) of parameters of one or more past trips.
In some examples, the displacement-measuring device and circuit uses an electrical measurement between parallel plates with a plate affixed to an outer portion of the holder and another plate affixed to an inner portion of the holder. In some examples, the displacement-measuring device and circuit uses an optical measurement between a structure affixed to the outer portion of the holder and a structure affixed to the inner portion of the holder.
In some embodiments, the present invention provides a freehub assembly for a bicycle, wherein the assembly includes: an outer freehub member configured to mount a drive gear arrangement, wherein the outer freehub member defines an interior, and wherein the drive gear arrangement is adapted to be driven by power applied by a user to pedals of the bicycle; an inner freehub member contained within the interior of the outer freehub member; a one-way drive mechanism interposed between the outer freehub member and the inner freehub member; and a torque sensing arrangement on the outer freehub member, wherein the torque sensing arrangement is configured and arranged to sense torque transmitted from the outer freehub member to the inner freehub member of the freehub assembly through the one-way drive mechanism. Some embodiments further include an electronics assembly interconnected with the torque sensing arrangement, wherein the electronics assembly receives signals from the torque sensing arrangement corresponding to torque experienced by the outer freehub member upon application of power by a user to the drive gear arrangement, processing the signals to create torque data, and transmitting the processed torque data to a receiver. In some embodiments, the drive gear arrangement defines a cavity positioned adjacent the outer freehub member, and wherein the electronics assembly is housed within the cavity. In some embodiments, the electronics assembly is packaged into a rear disc mounted to an axially inner most portion of the freehub assembly. In some embodiments, the torque sensing arrangement comprises at least one torque sensing element mounted to the outer freehub member. In some embodiments, the torque sensing element comprises at least one strain gauge secured to the outer freehub member. In some embodiments, the at least one strain gauge comprises a plurality of strain gauges circumferentially spaced from one another around an outside of the outer freehub member. In some embodiments, the at least one strain gauge is housed within the interior of the outer freehub member. In some embodiments, the at least one strain gauge comprises a plurality of strain gauges circumferentially disposed around an inner wall of the outer freehub member that defines the interior of the outer freehub member. In some embodiments, the plurality of strain gauges are spaced at 90 degrees from one another about a circumference of the outer freehub member. In some embodiments, the outer freehub member includes a plurality of splines configured to couple the outer freehub member to the drive gear arrangement, and wherein the outer freehub member includes at least one recessed area for receiving the at least one strain gauge. In some embodiments, the outer freehub member comprises a two-piece construction having an inside member and an outside member, and wherein the torque sensing element is secured to the outside member of the outer freehub member.
In some embodiments, the present invention provides a power-sensing drive assembly for use with a user-powered apparatus having a power input arrangement, comprising: a freehub assembly adapted to be driven by the power input arrangement, wherein the freehub assembly includes an outer freehub member configured to mount a component of the power input arrangement, wherein the outer freehub member defines an interior; an inner freehub member contained within the interior of the outer freehub member; and a one-way drive mechanism interposed between the outer freehub member and the inner freehub member; a torque sensing arrangement on the outer freehub member, wherein the torque sensing arrangement is configured and arranged to sense torque applied by a user to the power input arrangement; and an electronics assembly interconnected with the torque sensing arrangement, wherein the electronics assembly receives signals from the torque sensing assembly corresponding to torque experienced by the outer freehub member upon application of power by a user to the power input arrangement. In some embodiments, the power input arrangement defines an internal cavity, and wherein the electronics assembly is contained within the cavity. In some embodiments, the outer freehub member includes an inner surface and an outer surface, wherein the inner surface defines the interior of the outer freehub member. In some embodiments, the torque sensing arrangement is secured to the outer surface of the outer freehub member. In some embodiments, the torque sensing arrangement is secured to the inner surface of the outer freehub member. In some embodiments, the electronics assembly comprises a rear disc mounted at an axially innermost portion of the power input arrangement. In some embodiments, the torque sensing arrangement comprises at least one torque sensing element. In some embodiments, the at least one torque sensing element comprises a strain gauge. In some embodiments, the at least one torque sensing element comprises a plurality of strain gauges circumferentially mounted about a portion of the outer freehub member.
In some embodiments, the present invention provides an apparatus that includes a cassette holder (such as 201 or 301) that fits on a rear-wheel freehub of a bicycle and that holds one or more sprocket cassettes and that exhibits a measurable rotational displacement representative of a torque between the freehub and the one or more sprocket cassettes.
In some embodiments of the apparatus, wherein the freehub has a rotational axis, and wherein the cassette holder includes:
an inner tubular structure that conforms to the freehub,
an outer tubular structure that conforms to the one or more sprocket cassettes, and
a plurality of ribs that each have a length dimension in a rib-length direction parallel to the rotational axis, a rib-width dimension in a width direction perpendicular to the length direction and extending from a line at a shorter radial distance from the rotational axis and a line at a longer radial distance from the rotational axis, and a minimum rib-thickness dimension in a thickness direction perpendicular to the length direction and perpendicular to the width direction, wherein the length dimension is greater than the width dimension and the width dimension is greater than the thickness dimension.
In some embodiments, the present invention provides an apparatus that includes a torque-measurement device that has a rotational axis, and wherein the torque-measurement device includes:
an inner tubular structure,
an outer tubular structure, and
a plurality of ribs that each have a length dimension in a rib-length direction parallel to the rotational axis, a rib-width dimension in a width direction perpendicular to the length direction and extending from a line at a shorter radial distance from the rotational axis and a line at a longer radial distance from the rotational axis, and a minimum rib-thickness dimension in a thickness direction perpendicular to the length direction and perpendicular to the width direction, wherein the length dimension is greater than the width dimension and the width dimension is greater than the thickness dimension,
wherein each of the plurality of ribs has a center plane that lies in the rib-length direction and the rib-width direction, and
wherein a torque applied between the inner tubular structure and the outer tubular structure results in an angular displacement of the inner tubular structure relative to the outer tubular structure.
In some embodiments, the torque-measurement device further comprises a self-contained battery-operated rotational-displacement measuring unit that includes:
a dc electricity source,
a sensor that senses the angular displacement of the inner tubular structure relative to the outer tubular structure,
an electronic circuit operatively coupled to the sensor that generates a signal based on a magnitude of the sensed angular displacement, and
a wireless transmitter operatively coupled to transmit the signal.
In some embodiments, the present invention provides an apparatus that includes:
a first inner tubular structure having a central axis of rotation;
a second outer tubular structure surrounding the central axis of rotation, wherein at least a portion of the first inner structure is positioned within the second outer structure;
a plurality of ribs configured to connect the first tubular structure to the second tubular structure such that the second outer tubular structure and the first inner tubular structure are configured to rotate relative to each other about the central axis of rotation, wherein the plurality of ribs includes a first rib and a second rib; and
a slot formed between the first rib and the second rib, wherein the slot has a length that runs between a first end at the first rib and a second end at the second rib, wherein the slot has a first radial width at the first end and a second radial width at the second end, and wherein the first radial width is wider than a third radial width at a non-end location along the slot length.
In some embodiments, the first radial width is substantially equivalent to the second radial width. In some embodiments, the first inner tubular structure includes a plurality of spline extensions including a first spline extension at a first circumferential location of the first inner structure and a second spline extension at a second circumferential location of the first inner structure, and wherein the first end of the slot is located at the first circumferential location such that the first radial width extends into the first spline extension.
In some embodiments, the present invention provides an apparatus that includes:
a first inner tubular structure having a central axis of rotation;
a second outer tubular structure surrounding the central axis of rotation, wherein at least a portion of the first inner structure is positioned within the second outer structure; and
a plurality of ribs configured to connect the first tubular structure to the second tubular structure such that the second outer tubular structure and the first inner tubular structure are configured to rotate relative to each other about the central axis of rotation, wherein the plurality of ribs includes a first rib and a second rib, wherein the first rib has a characteristic center plane that passes through a center of the first rib, and wherein the center plane of the first rib is offset from an axis-of-rotation plane that starts at the first rib and passes through the central axis of rotation. In some embodiments, the first rib has a first width such that the axis-of-rotation plane lies within the first width of the first rib.
In some embodiments, the present invention provides an apparatus that includes:
a first inner tubular structure having a central axis of rotation;
a second outer tubular structure surrounding the central axis of rotation, wherein at least a portion of the first inner structure is positioned within the second outer structure; and
a plurality of ribs configured to connect the first tubular structure to the second tubular structure such that the second outer tubular structure and the first inner tubular structure are configured to rotate relative to each other about the central axis of rotation, wherein the plurality of ribs includes a first subset of ribs and a second subset of ribs, wherein the first subset of ribs is separated from the second subset of ribs by a first circumferential distance, wherein the first subset of ribs includes a first rib and a second rib, wherein the second subset of ribs includes a third rib and a fourth rib, wherein the first rib is at a second circumferential distance from the second rib, and wherein the first circumferential distance is larger than the second circumferential distance. In some embodiments, the first rib has a characteristic center plane that passes through a center of the first rib, and wherein the center plane of the first rib is offset from an axis-of-rotation plane that starts at the first rib and passes through the central axis of rotation.
In some embodiments, the present invention provides an apparatus that includes:
a first inner tubular structure having a central axis of rotation;
a second outer tubular structure surrounding the central axis of rotation, wherein at least a portion of the first inner structure is positioned within the second outer structure, wherein the second outer tubular structure includes a plurality of grooves configured to provide a connection between the apparatus and one or more sprockets; and
a plurality of ribs configured to connect the first tubular structure to the second tubular structure such that the second outer tubular structure and the first inner tubular structure are configured to rotate relative to each other about the central axis of rotation, wherein the plurality of ribs includes a first subset of ribs and a second subset of ribs, wherein the first subset of ribs is separated from the second subset of ribs by a first circumferential distance, wherein the first subset of ribs includes a first rib and a second rib, wherein the second subset of ribs includes a third rib and a fourth rib, wherein the first rib is at a second circumferential distance from the second rib, and wherein the first circumferential distance is larger than the second circumferential distance. Some embodiments further include a plurality of pins located outside of the second outer tubular structure, wherein the plurality of pins are configured to provide a connection between the apparatus and one or more sprockets.
It is to be understood that the above description is intended to be illustrative, and not restrictive. Although numerous characteristics and advantages of various embodiments as described herein have been set forth in the foregoing description, together with details of the structure and function of various embodiments, many other embodiments and changes to details will be apparent to those of skill in the art upon reviewing the above description. The scope of the invention should be, therefore, determined with reference to the appended claims, along with the full scope of equivalents to which such claims are entitled. In the appended claims, the terms “including” and “in which” are used as the plain-English equivalents of the respective terms “comprising” and “wherein,” respectively. Moreover, the terms “first,” “second,” and “third,” etc., are used merely as labels, and are not intended to impose numerical requirements on their objects.
Claims
1. An apparatus comprising:
- a torque-measurement device that has a rotational axis, wherein the torque-measurement device includes: an inner tubular structure, an outer tubular structure, and a plurality of ribs coupled between the inner tubular structure and the outer tubular structure, wherein each respective one of the plurality of ribs has: a respective rib-length dimension in a length direction parallel to the rotational axis, a respective rib-width dimension in a respective width direction perpendicular to the length direction and extending in a respective plane from a respective first geometric line that is parallel to the rotational axis and that lies within the respective rib next to a minimum outside radial dimension of the inner tubular structure to a respective second geometric line that is parallel to the rotational axis and that lies within the respective rib next to a maximum inside radial dimension of the outer tubular structure, and a respective rib-thickness dimension in a thickness direction perpendicular to the length direction and perpendicular to the width direction, wherein the outer tubular structure includes a front stiffening wall that is detached from a portion of the plurality of ribs, wherein the outer tubular structure further includes an outer rib-support structure, and wherein the outer tubular structure further includes an outer perimeter wall that connects the front stiffening wall to the outer rib-support structure;
- wherein a torque applied between the outer tubular structure and the inner tubular structure results in an angular displacement of the outer tubular structure relative to the inner tubular structure.
2. The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising a third tubular structure that includes a plurality of slots, wherein the inner tubular structure includes a plurality of splines, and wherein the plurality of splines is configured to fit into the plurality of slots of the third tubular structure such that the torque-measurement device is mounted to the third tubular structure.
3. The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising a third tubular structure that includes a plurality of slots, wherein the inner tubular structure includes a plurality of splines, wherein the plurality of splines is configured to fit into the plurality of slots of the third tubular structure such that the torque-measurement device is mounted to the third tubular structure, and wherein one of more of the plurality of splines includes a mounting key.
4. The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising a third tubular structure that includes a plurality of slots, wherein the inner tubular structure includes a plurality of splines, wherein the plurality of splines is configured to fit into the plurality of slots of the third tubular structure such that the torque-measurement device is mounted to the third tubular structure, and wherein the third tubular structure is a freehub of a bicycle wheel.
5. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the inner tubular structure includes a maximum outside radial dimension that is different than the minimum outside radial dimension of the inner tubular structure, wherein the maximum outside radial dimension occurs in at least one circumferential location of the inner tubular structure where there are no ribs of the plurality of ribs.
6. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the outer tubular structure includes a minimum inside radial dimension that is different than the maximum inside radial dimension of the outer tubular structure, wherein the minimum radial dimension occurs in at least one circumferential location of the outer tubular structure where there are no ribs of the plurality of ribs.
7. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the outer tubular structure includes a minimum inside radial dimension that is different than the maximum inside radial dimension of the outer tubular structure, wherein the minimum radial dimension occurs in at least one circumferential location of the outer tubular structure where there are no ribs of the plurality of ribs, wherein the at least one circumferential location of the minimum inside radial dimension is configured to provide space for one of a plurality of posts, and wherein the plurality of posts is configured to mount one or more sprockets to the outer tubular structure.
8. The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising:
- rotational-displacement-sensor electronics; and
- at least one battery, wherein the rotational-displacement-sensor electronics and the at least one battery are located in a space between the inner tubular structure and the outer tubular structure.
9. The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising:
- rotational-displacement-sensor electronics; and
- at least one battery, wherein the outer tubular structure includes a maximum inside radial dimension that is different than the minimum inside radial dimension of the outer tubular structure, wherein the maximum inside radial dimension is configured to provide space for one of a plurality of posts, wherein the plurality of posts is configured to mount at least a portion of the rotational-displacement-sensor electronics and the at least one battery to the outer tubular structure.
10. The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising rotational-displacement-sensor electronics and at least one battery, wherein the inner tubular structure includes a plurality of mounting holes, wherein the rotational-displacement-sensor electronics and the at least one battery are configured to be attached to the inner tubular structure using the plurality of mounting holes.
11. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the outer tubular member is configured to mount to one or more sprockets, and wherein the outer tubular member includes a plurality of slots configured to indicate an orientation at which the one or more sprockets are to be mounted to the outer tubular member.
12. The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising rotational-displacement-sensor electronics, wherein the rotational-displacement-sensor electronics include:
- an encoder,
- an encoder reader operatively coupled to receive a first set of data from the encoder and to output a second set of data based on the received data,
- differential receivers operatively coupled to receive the second set of data from the encoder reader and to output differential signals based on the received read data,
- analog-to-digital converters coupled to receive the differential signals from the differential receivers and to output digital values based on the received differential signals, and
- a processor coupled to receive the digital values from the analog-to-digital converters.
13. The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising rotational-displacement-sensor electronics, wherein the rotational-displacement-sensor electronics include:
- a processor,
- a power input,
- a charger,
- a plurality of batteries,
- DC-to-DC converters,
- an antenna, and
- a radio transceiver,
- wherein power on the power input is delivered to the charger that is operatively coupled to the batteries that drive the DC-to-DC converters, and wherein the processor sends data to and receives commands from a remote computer via the antenna and radio transceiver.
14. The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising rotational-displacement-sensor electronics, wherein the rotational-displacement-sensor electronics include:
- an encoder,
- an encoder holder, and
- an encoder sensor,
- wherein the encoder is rigidly affixed to the encoder holder via mounting holes on the encoder holder, wherein the encoder is used with the encoder sensor as a torque-measuring sensor.
15. The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising rotational-displacement-sensor electronics, wherein the rotational-displacement-sensor electronics are configured to measure a relative angular displacement of the outer tubular structure in relation to the inner tubular structure in order to produce a signal proportional to torque applied to a sprocket of the torque-measurement device via a chain.
16. The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising rotational-displacement-sensor electronics, wherein the rotational-displacement-sensor electronics are configured to perform an electrical measurement between a first parallel plate affixed to the outer tubular structure and a second parallel plate affixed to the inner tubular structure.
17. The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising rotational-displacement-sensor electronics, wherein the rotational-displacement-sensor electronics are configured to perform an optical measurement between a first structure affixed to the outer tubular structure and a second structure affixed to the inner tubular structure.
18. The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising a single-piece sprocket cassette assembly that includes a plurality of sprockets, wherein the single-piece sprocket cassette assembly is affixed to the outer tubular structure of the torque-measurement device.
19. The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising:
- a single-piece sprocket cassette assembly that includes a plurality of sprockets, wherein the single-piece sprocket cassette assembly is affixed to the outer tubular structure of the torque-measurement device, wherein the single-piece sprocket cassette assembly includes a power-port notch configured to provide an insertion point for a mini-jack power plug.
20. The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising a spacer configured to couple to the torque-measurement device, wherein the spacer includes:
- a mini-jack receptacle that includes a power porthole, wherein the mini-jack receptacle is configured to receive a mini-jack, and
- a plurality of holes, wherein the plurality of holes are configured to provide a pathway for a plurality of wires that connect the mini-jack to a battery charger.
21. The apparatus of claim 1, further comprising:
- a back cover, wherein an inner radius of the back cover forms a seal against a sealing edge of the inner tubular member; and
- a front-cover ring, wherein the outer radius of the front-cover ring forms a seal against a sealing edge of the outer tubular member of the torque-measurement device.
22. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the inner tubular structure is an inner freehub member, wherein the outer tubular structure is an outer freehub member, wherein the inner freehub member is affixed to a freehub of a bicycle wheel, the apparatus further comprising:
- a sprocket cluster, wherein the sprocket cluster is affixed to the outer freehub member of the torque-measurement device.
23. A method for measuring torque comprising:
- providing a torque-measurement device having a rotational axis, wherein the torque-measurement device includes: an inner tubular structure, an outer tubular structure, and a plurality of ribs coupled between the inner tubular structure and the outer tubular structure, wherein each one of the plurality of ribs has: a respective rib-length dimension in a length direction parallel to the rotational axis, a respective rib-width dimension in a respective width direction perpendicular to the length direction and extending in a respective plane from a respective first geometric line that is parallel to the rotational axis and that lies within the respective rib next to a minimum outside radial dimension of the inner tubular structure to a respective second geometric line that is parallel to the rotational axis and that lies within the respective rib next to a maximum inside radial dimension of the outer tubular structure, and a respective rib-thickness dimension in a thickness direction perpendicular to the length direction and perpendicular to the width direction, wherein the outer tubular structure includes a front stiffening wall that is detached from a portion of the plurality of ribs, wherein the outer tubular structure further includes an outer rib-support structure, and wherein the outer tubular structure further includes an outer perimeter wall that connects the front stiffening wall to the outer rib-support structure;
- applying a first torque between the outer tubular structure and the inner tubular structure;
- sensing a displacement of the outer tubular structure relative to the inner tubular structure during the applying of the first torque; and
- determining a value of the first torque based on the sensed displacement.
24. The method of claim 23, wherein the sensing of the first torque includes performing an electrical measurement between a first parallel plate affixed to the outer tubular structure and a second parallel plate affixed to the inner tubular structure.
25. The method of claim 23, wherein the sensing of the first torque includes performing an optical measurement between a first structure affixed to the outer tubular structure and a second structure affixed to the inner tubular structure.
26. An apparatus comprising:
- a torque-measurement device that has a rotational axis, wherein the torque-measurement device includes: an inner tubular structure, an outer tubular structure, a plurality of ribs coupled between the inner tubular structure and the outer tubular structure, wherein each respective one of the plurality of ribs has: a respective rib-length dimension in a length direction parallel to the rotational axis, a respective rib-width dimension in a respective width direction perpendicular to the length direction and extending in a respective plane from a respective first geometric line that is parallel to the rotational axis and that lies within the respective rib next to a minimum outside radial dimension of the inner tubular structure to a respective second geometric line that is parallel to the rotational axis and that lies within the respective rib next to a maximum inside radial dimension of the outer tubular structure, and a respective rib-thickness dimension in a thickness direction perpendicular to the length direction and perpendicular to the width direction, wherein the outer tubular structure includes a front stiffening wall that is detached from a portion of the plurality of ribs, wherein the outer tubular structure further includes an outer rib-support structure, and wherein the outer tubular structure further includes an outer perimeter wall that connects the front stiffening wall to the outer rib-support structure;
- means for applying a first torque between the outer tubular structure and the inner tubular structure;
- means for sensing a displacement of the outer tubular structure relative to the inner tubular structure during the application of the first torque; and
- means for determining a value of the first torque based on the sensed displacement.
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Type: Grant
Filed: Mar 15, 2013
Date of Patent: Mar 24, 2015
Patent Publication Number: 20140260684
Inventor: H. Aaron Christmann (Saint Paul, MN)
Primary Examiner: Max Noori
Application Number: 13/844,688
International Classification: G01D 7/00 (20060101); G01L 3/10 (20060101);