Decorative panel and method for manufacturing the same
There is provided a decorative panel comprising: a backing layer having a back face for abutting a panel-receiving surface and a front face opposite to the back face; a relief decorative layer attached to the front face of the backing layer and comprising: a layer of a base polymer attached to the front face of the backing layer and substantially covering the front face of the backing layer; and a relief element made of a layer of an overlay polymer attached to the layer of base polymer and covering a portion thereof.
Latest Maax Bath Inc. Patents:
This application is a continuation of PCT Patent Application No. PCT/CA2012/000929, filed Oct. 5, 2012, which claims the benefit of and priority to U.S. Provisional Patent Application Ser. No. 61/543,573, filed Oct. 5, 2011. The contents of each of the foregoing applications are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety.
TECHNICAL FIELDThe invention relates to decorative panels, and more specifically to decorative panels with a pattern and to methods for manufacturing the same.
BACKGROUNDTiles are widely known and used in bathroom applications, to cover floors, walls or even shower walls. Tiles are usually secured on a surface using glue and cement and grout is used to fill up space between the tiles. In most instances, grout lines are visible between the tiles after the tiles have been installed.
Installing tiles may be relatively expensive, labor intensive and/or time consuming. Accordingly, decorative panels are sometimes provided as an alternative. This type of panels typically comprises a face which lies against the wall of a structure and an opposite decorative face in which a plurality of grooves or recesses are defined to simulate grout lines or other indented patterns or textures.
Different alternatives have been proposed to manufacture indented decorative panels. For instance, US Patent Application No. 2008/0115437 to Bordener discloses an indented panel manufactured using a base panel made of plastic resin in which are created a plurality of indented grid lines using a cutting tool such as a router. U.S. Pat. No. 5,052,160 to Gentsch et al. discloses a similar panel, except that the indented lines are created in the plastic resin using a tubular heater instead of a cutting tool. U.S. Pat. No. 4,169,907 to Barker et al. discloses a panel comprising a hardboard substrate on which a pattern is drawn using ink. A liquid top coat is then applied over the ink and the hardboard substrate. The ink repels the liquid top coat to form “valleys” on the panel. Since the liquid top coat is thinner over the portions of the substrate which are covered in ink, the ink is visible through the top coat.
The manufacturing of most of these panels is relatively expensive, relatively complicated, relatively labor intensive and/or relatively time consuming.
There is therefore a need for an indented decorative panel and for a method for manufacturing such as panel which is relatively inexpensive, relatively easy and relatively fast.
Features of the invention will be apparent from review of the disclosure, drawings and description of the invention below.
SUMMARYIn accordance with a first broad aspect, there is provided a decorative panel comprising: a backing layer having a back face for abutting a panel-receiving surface and a front face opposite to the back face; a relief decorative layer attached to the front face of the backing layer and comprising: a layer of a base polymer attached to the front face of the backing layer and substantially covering the front face of the backing layer; and a relief element made of a layer of an overlay polymer attached to the layer of base polymer and covering a portion thereof.
In one embodiment, the overlay polymer and the base polymer are polymerized together to define an integral structure.
In one embodiment, the overlay polymer and the base polymer have different colors.
In one embodiment, the overlay polymer and the base polymer are resin gelcoat polymers.
In one embodiment, the overlay polymer comprises styrene monomer and unsaturated polyester.
In the same or another embodiment, the base polymer comprises unsaturated polyester.
In one embodiment, the base polymer further comprises a catalyst compound.
In one embodiment, the catalyst compound comprises benzoyl peroxide.
In another embodiment, the overlay polymer and the base polymer are selected from the group consisting of: paint and urethane.
In one embodiment, the relief element is indented towards the backing layer.
In one embodiment, the relief element is received in a recess defined in the front face of the backing layer configured to accommodate the relief element and a portion of the layer of the base polymer.
In one embodiment, the relief element projects away from the backing layer.
In another embodiment, the backing layer comprises a ridge defined in the front face, the ridge being configured to accommodate thereon the relief element and a portion of the layer of the base polymer sandwiched between the relief element and the backing layer.
In one embodiment, the relief element defines a grid pattern.
In one embodiment, the decorative panel further comprises a barrier layer covering the relief decorative layer.
In one embodiment, the barrier layer is made of a transparent polymer.
In one embodiment, the decorative panel is one of a faux-tile panel and a faux-stone panel.
In one embodiment, the panel-receiving surface is one of a wall, a floor, and a ceiling.
In one embodiment, the panel-receiving surface is one of a wall of a bathroom and a floor of a bathroom.
In another embodiment, the panel-receiving surface is one of a wall of a shower enclosure and a floor of a shower enclosure.
In one embodiment, the wall is a kitchen wall.
In accordance with a second broad aspect, there is provided a method for manufacturing a decorative panel, the method comprising: providing a panel mold comprising a base panel having a 3D front surface, the 3D front surface comprising relief structures each defining a receiving surface; applying a layer of overlay polymer on the receiving surfaces of the relief structures while leaving the other portions of the 3D front surface uncovered; applying a layer of base polymer on the layer of overlay polymer and the uncovered portions of the 3D front surface; drying the layer of overlay polymer and the layer of base polymer to polymerize the layer of overlay polymer and the layer of base polymer together, thereby forming an integral decorative layer; applying a backing layer on the layer of base polymer to thereby form the decorative panel; and removing the decorative panel from the panel mold.
In one embodiment, the step of providing the panel mold comprises providing the panel mold having the base panel and a plurality of ridges projecting away from the base panel and each defining a top surface located away from the base panel, the plurality of ridges defining a plurality of recesses therebetween, each recess having an interior surface
In one embodiment, the top surfaces of the ridges comprise at least two surface portions disposed in a common plane, and wherein applying the layer of overlay polymer further comprises applying the layer of overlay polymer on the at least two surface portions simultaneously.
In one embodiment, the step of applying the layer of overlay polymer further comprises: positioning a polymer applicator containing the overlay polymer adjacent the at least two surface portions; and transferring the overlay polymer from the polymer applicator onto the at least two surface portions simultaneously.
In one embodiment, the step of applying the layer of overlay polymer comprises using a paint roller covered in the overlay polymer.
In one embodiment, the method comprises placing the paint roller in contact with the at least two surface portions of the ridges simultaneously; and rolling the paint roller over the at least two surface portions to thereby cover the at least two surface portions with the overlay polymer
In one embodiment, the method further comprises, before the application of the layer of overlay polymer, positioning mask plates each in a respective one of the recesses, each one of the mask plates being a mirror image of the respective one of the recesses to substantially fill the respective one of the recesses, and removing the mask plates after the application of the layer of overlay polymer.
In one embodiment, the step of applying the layer of overlay polymer comprises spraying the overlay polymer on the top surface of the ridges, the mask plates substantially preventing the overlay polymer from leaking in the recesses.
In one embodiment, the step of providing the panel mold comprises providing the panel mold having the base panel having a plurality of recesses each defining an interior surface, the plurality of recesses defining a plurality of ridges therebetween, each ridge having a top surface.
In one embodiment, the step of applying the layer of overlay polymer comprises applying the overlay polymer on the interior surface of the recesses.
In one embodiment, the step of applying the layer of base polymer comprises applying the base polymer on the top surface of the ridges.
In one embodiment, the overlay polymer and the base polymer have different colors.
In one embodiment, the method further comprises, after applying the backing layer on the base polymer, curing the backing layer.
In one embodiment, the method further comprises, before curing the backing layer, leveling the backing layer to remove air bubbles therefrom.
In one embodiment, the step of the leveling is performed using a roller.
In one embodiment, the method further comprises, before applying the layer of overlay polymer, applying a barrier coating on the receiving surface of the base panel,
In one embodiment, the overlay polymer is selected from the group consisting of: polyester resin gelcoat, paint and urethane.
In one embodiment, the base polymer is selected from the group consisting of: polyester resin gelcoat, paint and urethane.
In one embodiment, the backing layer comprises a mixture of fiberglass and thermosetting resin.
In one embodiment, the thermosetting resin is selected from the group consisting of: polyester, vinylester, epoxy and urethane.
In accordance with another broad aspect, there is provided a decorative panel manufactured according to the above-described method.
In one embodiment, the decorative panel is one of a faux-tile panel and a faux-stone panel.
In one embodiment, the panel-receiving surface is one of a wall, a floor, and a ceiling.
In one embodiment, the panel-receiving surface is one of a wall of a bathroom and a floor of a bathroom.
In one embodiment, the panel-receiving surface is one of a wall of a shower enclosure and a floor of a shower enclosure.
In one embodiment, the wall is a kitchen wall.
In accordance with a further broad aspect, there is provided a panel mold for manufacturing a decorative panel, the panel mold comprising: a base panel having a first face and an opposed second face; a plurality of ridges projecting from the first face, the ridges being disposed so as to define a desired indented pattern in the decorative panel to be manufactured, each one of the ridges having a top surface located away from the base panel, at least two top surfaces of the ridges being disposed along a first plane to allow the at least two top surfaces to be simultaneously contacted by a polymer applicator.
In one embodiment, at least one other top surfaces of the ridges is disposed along a second plane.
In accordance with still another broad aspect, there is provided a kit of decorative panels for a shower, the kit comprising: a shower base; and at least one decorative panel mountable to the shower base, the at least one decorative panel comprising: a backing layer having a back face for abutting a pane-receiving surface and a front face opposite to the back face; a relief decorative layer attached to the front face of the backing layer and comprising: a layer of a base polymer substantially attached to the front face of the backing layer and covering the front face of the backing layer; and a relief element made of a layer of an overlay polymer attached to the layer of base polymer and covering a portion thereof.
In one embodiment, the layer of overlay polymer and the layer of base polymer are polymerized together to define an integral structure.
In one embodiment, the kit further comprises at least one fastener for connecting the at least one decorative panel to the shower base.
In one embodiment, the at least one fastener comprises a clip.
In one embodiment, the shower base comprises a floor, a perimeter wall surrounding the floor and a mounting flange extending upwardly from the perimeter wall, the clip being configured for engaging the mounting flange.
In one embodiment, the mounting flange comprises at least one receiving portion for receiving the clip, the at least one receiving portion being indented towards the floor to prevent the clip from extending beyond the perimeter wall.
In one embodiment, the kit further comprises a recessed storage panel mountable to the shower base adjacent the at least one decorative panel.
In one embodiment, the at least one decorative panel comprises a first decorative panel and a second decorative panel.
In one embodiment, the kit further comprises a recessed storage panel mountable to the shower base between the first and second decorative panels.
In one embodiment, the first and second decorative panels are mountable perpendicular to each other.
In accordance with still a further embodiment, there is provided a decorative panel comprising: a backing layer having a back face for abutting a panel-receiving surface and a front face opposite to the back face; a layer of base polymer having a front face and a back face attached to the front face of the backing layer, the layer of base polymer substantially covering the backing layer; and a layer of overlay polymer having a front face and a back face attached to the front face of the layer of base polymer, the layer of overlay polymer covering a first portion of the layer of base polymer, the front face of the layer of overlay polymer and a second portion of the layer of base polymer being uncovered by the layer of overlay polymer defining a 3D front surface for the decorative panel, the 3D front surface comprising relief structures.
In order that the invention may be readily understood, embodiments of the invention are illustrated by way of example in the accompanying drawings.
Further details of the invention and its advantages will be apparent from the detailed description included below.
DETAILED DESCRIPTIONIn the following description of the embodiments, references to the accompanying drawings are by way of illustration of an example by which the invention may be practiced. It will be understood that other embodiments may be made without departing from the scope of the invention disclosed.
Referring to
In the embodiment shown in
To avoid water leakage during use of the shower, a hinged door 157 is also provided. The hinged door 157 comprises a first side edge 174 mounted to the side edge 164a of panel 100a. The hinged door 156 also comprises a second side edge 176, which is located adjacent to the side edge 172 of the glass wall 154 when the hinged door is closed. While in the embodiment illustrated in
In accordance with one embodiment, the decorative panels 100a and 100b are “faux-tile” panels. Since decorative panels 100a, 100b are similar, only panel 100a will be described. The person skilled in the art will appreciate that a similar description also applies to wall 100b, with proper modifications. Accordingly, the decorative panel 100a comprises a plurality of tile sections 104 separated by imitations of grout lines 102, which give the overall appearance of a tile wall to the panel 100. As illustrated in
The panel 100 is a composite panel made of several layers. With reference to
Defined in the front face 310 of the backing layer 300 is a relief element 312. In this specific embodiment, the relief element 312 takes the form of a grid pattern, which generally corresponds to the grout lines 102 of the panel 100. In the illustrated embodiment, the relief element 312 is indented towards the backing layer 300 and creates protrusions extending from the back face 308 of the backing layer. The person skilled in the art will appreciate that these protrusions will contact the shower wall 156a when the panel 100 is installed. In an alternative embodiment, the spaces defined between the protrusions can be filled such that the back face 308 will be generally flat instead of having an irregular surface, therefore improving contact between the panel 100a and the shower wall 156a.
Attached to the front face 310 of the backing layer 300 is the decorative layer 302. The decorative layer 302 comprises a base polymers layer 304 and an overlay polymer layer 306, which are integrally formed to define a unitary structure and to provide the overall appearance of a tile wall. The decorative layer 302 comprises a back face 303 defined by the base polymer layer 304, the back face 303 of the decorative layer 302 being in contact with the front face 310 of the backing layer 300. The decorative layer 302 also comprises a front face 352 defined partially by the base polymer layer 304 and the overly polymer layer 306.
More specifically, the base polymer layer covers 304 substantially the whole front face 310 of the backing layer 300, including the recesses or relief elements 312, thereby forming a layer that conforms to the 3D shape of the front surface 310 of the backing layer 300. Contrary to the base polymer layer 304, the overlay polymer layer 306 is only found in grooves defined by the relief elements 312, over the base polymer layer 304. Therefore, the overlay polymer layer 306 is distributed in a grid pattern corresponding to the pattern of the relief element 312, thereby defining the grout lines 102 of the panel 100.
As it will be appreciated by a person skilled in the art, the front face 352 of the decorative layer 302 therefore define a 3D surface comprising the front face portions of the overlay polymer layer 306 and the front face of the portions of the base polymer layer 304 that are not covered by the overlay polymer layer 306. Accordingly, the 3D front face 352 of the decorative layer 302 comprises raised portions or plateaus generally corresponding to the tile sections 104 and recessed portions or valleys corresponding to grout lines 102. Accordingly, the layer of base polymer 304 is visible between the grout lines 102, on the tile portions 104 of the decorative panel 100, while the overlay polymer layer 306 is visible on the groove segments 102 when looking at the front face 352 of the decorative panel 100. Therefore, in this configuration, the base polymer 304 simulates the tiles of the panel 100 while the overlay polymer 306 provides the look of the grout lines between the tiles.
In a preferred embodiment, the base polymer 304 and the overlay polymer 306 have different colors to highlight the grout lines 102 on the decorative panel 100. To simulate a standard tile-covered surface for instance, the base polymer 304 may be manufactured using a first material colored to simulate tiles such as ceramic tiles, while the overlay polymer 306 may be manufactured using a second material colored to simulate a grout of a different color.
While in the embodiment illustrated in
Similarly, while the grout lines 102 illustrated in
While in the above embodiment, the relief element 312 is indented towards the backing layer 300 to define recesses, the relief element 312 may alternatively protrude from the backing layer 300, toward the front face, to define raised portions. In this alternative embodiment, the raised portions may be formed by the layer of overlay polymer 306 or by a combination of the layer of overlay polymer 306 and part of the layer of the base polymer 304 to define a 3D surface. In this case, the front face of the decorative layer would comprise raised portions or plateaus defined by the front face of the layer of overlay polymer 306 and indentations or valleys formed by the front face of the of base polymer layer 304 that are not covered by the overlay polymer layer 306. The 3D surface may even be formed by the overlay polymer 306 and part of the layer of the base polymer 304 covering a projection defined on the front face 310 of the backing layer 300.
In one embodiment, the base polymer 304 and the overlay polymer 306 comprise polyester resin gelcoats. Alternatively, the base polymer 304 and the overlay polymer 306 may instead comprise paint, urethane or any other coating material deemed suitable by the skilled addressee.
In one embodiment, the layer of overlay polymer 306 is made of a gelcoat comprising a mixture of styrene monomer and unsaturated polyester. In this embodiment, the layer of base polymer 304 is preferably made of catalyzed gelcoat comprising unsaturated polyester with about 5% per weight benzoyl peroxide catalyst. In the same embodiments or another embodiment, the backing layer 300 is made of a material comprising 12.5% fiberglass and 87.5% resin/filler mixture. The resin/filler mixture may comprise 44% resin and 56% filler. The resin may be made of mixture of 98.8% polymer, 1% catalyst, and 0.2% pigment. For example, filler such as calcium sulfate, catalyst such as Luperox™ DDM-9, and fiberglass such as 2400 TEX fiberglass may be used for making the backing layer 300.
In one embodiment, the layer of overlay polymer 306 has a thickness comprised between about 0.127 mm (0.005 inches) and about 0.203 mm (0.008 inches), and preferably equal to about 0.152 mm (0.006 inches). In the same or another embodiment, the layer of base polymer 304 has a thickness comprised between about 0.483 mm (0.019 inches) and about 0.610 mm (0.024 inches), and preferably equal to about 0.508 mm (0.020 inches).
In the same or another embodiment, the backing layer 300 has a thickness comprised between about 1 mm and about 3 mm, and preferably equal to about 2 mm.
In one embodiment, the base polymer layer 304 and the overlay polymer layer 306 are made from substantially identical polymers. In another embodiment, the base polymer layer 304 and the overlay polymer layer 306 are made from different polymers and/or have different characteristics such as different chemical composition, different colors, and/or the like, while being polymerizable together.
While in the present description the base polymer layer 304 is made of a single polymer, it should be understood that the base polymer layer may be made of at least two polymers having different characteristics such as different colors and being adapted to be polymerized together to form an integral layer structure. For example, adjacent tile portions 104 of the layer of base polymer 304 may be made of different polymers having a different color and polymerizable together to form an integral layer structure so that the decorative panel 100 simulates tiles of different colors. Similarly, the overlay polymer layer 306 may be made of at least two polymers having different characteristics such as different colors, for instance to simulare grout lines of 102 of different colors.
While the backing layer 300 and the layer of base polymer 304 illustrated in
In one embodiment, the decorative layer 302 is covered by a barrier coating (not shown). This type of coating is widely known in the art and advantageously protects the overlay polymer layer 306 and the base polymer layer 304 from wear and tear. The barrier coating is preferably made of a transparent polymer to allow the layer of overlay polymer 306 and the layer of base polymer 304 to be seen through the barrier coating, and may be shiny to further simulate the look of ceramic tiles. In an alternative embodiment, the decorative panel 100 does not comprise a barrier coating.
Having described various configurations of decorative panels, a method for manufacturing the same will now be described, with references to
In accordance with one embodiment, a panel mold 400 as shown in
In one embodiment, the panel mold 400 comprises a unitary body manufactured by molding using a matrix 1300, shown in
In another embodiment, the matrix 1300 is instead manufactured using a rigid board in which grooves are machined to match the groove segments in the decorative panel 100 to be manufactured. The grooves may be machined manually or using a computer numerical control machine tool in which the appropriate pattern has been programmed.
In yet another embodiment, the mold 400 is manufactured using engraving techniques known to the skilled addressee instead of using a matrix. For instance, the mold 400 may be engraved from a block or sheet of suitable material using a programmed numerical control engraving or milling machine, or a laser engraving machine which uses a laser. The person skilled in the art will acknowledge that there exist multiple methods to produce a mold suitable for use in accordance with the method disclosed herein.
The panel mold 400 may be manufactured using a thermoplastic, a thermosetting plastic, a thermoplastic elastomer, silicone, aluminum or any other material deemed suitable by the skilled addressee.
Turning now to
Each one of the ridges 404 has a top surface 504 located away from the first face 500 of the base panel 402. In the embodiment shown in
Alternatively, two or more top surface portions 504 may be disposed along a first plane, while one or more other top surface portions 504 may be disposed along a second plane. In this embodiment, the top surface portions 504 may be coated with a first overlay polymer having a first color, while the other top surface portions 504 may be coated in a separate operation with a second overlay polymer having a second color, as will become apparent below.
In the illustrated embodiment, the ridges 404 are generally straight and intersect each other to define a plurality of generally rectangular recesses 506 between the ridges 404, which will create the tile portions of the decorative panel 100, e.g. tile portion 104, as illustrated in
The panel mold 400 is sized and shaped according to the configuration of the decorative panel 100 to be manufactured. For instance, to manufacture a wall panel of a shower, such as the shower 150 shown in
Returning to the method of manufacturing the decorative panel, once the panel mold 400 is provided, a layer of barrier coating, if any, is applied on the ridges 404 and on the interior surface 508 of the recesses 506.
The overlay polymer 306 is then applied on the ridges 404 of the panel mold 400, as shown in
Once the layer of overlay polymer 306 has been applied on the panel mold 400, the layer of the base polymer 304 is applied on the panel mold 400, as shown in
In one embodiment, the base polymer 304 is applied by spray painting using a spray gun or any other paint spraying device deemed suitable by the skilled addressee. This advantageously allows the layer of the base polymer 304 to be applied quickly and substantially uniformly on the panel mold 400.
In one embodiment, the layer of the base polymer 304 is applied while the overlay polymer 306 is still wet, a process known in the art as “wet-on-wet painting”. This advantageously enables the overlay polymer 306 and the base polymer 304 to polymerize together. It will be appreciated that this reduces the time required to manufacture the decorative panel and thus also reduces the cost associated with manufacturing the decorative panel.
Alternatively, the overlay polymer 306 may be dried prior to the application of the layer of the base polymer 304.
Once the layer of the base polymer 304 has been applied, the base polymer 304 and the overlay polymer 306 are allowed to dry. In one embodiment, the drying of the base polymer 304 and the overlay polymer 306 is carried out by letting them dry in ambient conditions for a sufficient period of time. For instance, in one embodiment, the drying time is about 40 minutes.
Alternatively, the layer of the base polymer 304 and the overlay polymer 306 may instead be dried using a drying device such as a low temperature oven or any other drying device deemed suitable by the skilled addressee. It will be appreciated that this would reduce the time required for the layer of the base polymer 304 and layer of the overlay polymer 306 to dry.
It will be appreciated that once the base polymer 304 and the overlay polymer 306 are substantially dry, they are polymerized together to define an integral structure, in this case the decorative layer 302, as shown in
Once the base polymer 304 and the overlay polymer 306 have been dried, the backing layer 300 is applied on the layer of the base polymer 304, as shown in
In an embodiment in which the top surface 504 of all the ridges 404 are located on a common plane P1, the overlay polymer 306 may be applied with a polymer applicator on two or more surface portions simultaneously. The polymer applicator, containing the overlay polymer 306, is first positioned adjacent the at least two surface portions, and the overlay polymer 306 is transferred from the polymer applicator onto two or more surface portions simultaneously.
In the embodiment shown in
In the embodiment shown in
In another embodiment, the overlay polymer 306 is applied using one of various other techniques, such as by spraying the overlay polymer 306 in a substantially narrow and precise stream over the top surfaces 504 of the ridges 404.
In a further embodiment, the overlay polymer layer is applied using a mask plate technique (not shown). According to this embodiment, mask plates are placed in recesses 506 prior to applying the overlay polymer layer 306 on the top surface 504 of the ridges 404. Each mask plate is sized and shaped to fill a respective recess 506 so that it prevents overlay polymer be applied in the recesses 506. In one embodiment, the shape of each mask plate is a mirror image of its respective recess 506 so that, when placed in a corresponding recess, the top/front surface of each mask plate be substantially coplanar with the top surface 504 of the ridges 404 surrounding the mask plate. Therefore, when the overlay polymer is applied on the top surface 504 of the ridges 504, the mask plates prevent any overlay polymer from leaking in the recesses 506 and adhering to the interior surfaces 508 thereof. Once the overlay polymer has been applied to the top surface 504 of the ridges 404, the mask plates are removed from the their respective recesses 506, and a second polymer layer may be applied, as described below. In an embodiment in which the overlay polymer is sprayed on the top surface 504 of the ridges 404 and mask plates are used, the layer of the overlay polymer 306 may be applied quickly and substantially uniformly on the panel mold 400 while ensuring that the overlay polymer be only applied to the surface 504 of the ridges 404.
In one embodiment, the backing layer 300 is manufactured using a mixture of fiberglass and polyester resin, which may be applied by spraying using a technique known in the art as “fiberglass spray lay-up”. The fiberglass mixture is sprayed substantially uniformly on the layer of the base polymer 304, using a spray gun 1000 as shown in
The fiberglass mixture is then allowed to cure to solidify the backing layer 300, thereby creating a decorative panel 100 which is substantially rigid. In one embodiment, the curing of the fiberglass mixture is performed using an oven. A catalyst may further be added to the fiberglass mixture prior to or after spraying to facilitate the curing of the fiberglass mixture.
In one embodiment, a layer of overlay gelcoat polymer having a thickness of 0.006 inches is first applied on the top surfaces 504 of the ridges 504. For example, the overlay gelcoat polymer may be composed of a mixture of styrene monomer and unsaturated polyester. Then, a layer of base catalyzed gelcoat is applied on the first layer of overlay gelcoat polymer and the uncovered portions of the panel mold 400. For example, the catalyzed gelcoat may be composed of unsaturated polyester with 5% per weight benzoyl peroxide catalyst. The layer of base catalyzed gelcoat polymer is applied on the overlay gelcoat polymer while the overlay gelcoat polymer is still wet, and the catalyst contained in the layer of base catalyzed gelcoat helps the layer of base catalyzed gelcoat and the layer of overlay gelcoat polymer polymerizing together to form an integral assembly.
The mold comprising the layer of base catalyzed gelcoat polymer and the layer of overlay gelcoat polymer is then heated at a temperature of at least about 20° C. for about 45 minutes. Then, a fiberglass backing layer having a thickness of about 2 mm is applied on the cured layer of base catalyzed gelcoat polymer. For example, the backing fiberglass layer 300 may be made of a mixture of the following materials: resin, filler such as calcium sulfate, catalyst such as Luperox™ DDM-9, pigment, and fiberglass such as 2400 TEX fiberglass. For example, the resin may comprise a mixture of polyester and styrene. Once it has been applied, the backing fiberglass layer may be leveled using a roller such as roller 1200 or a similar device to remove air bubbles from the fiberglass mixture, create a substantially smooth surface, and/or ensure that the components of the backing fiberglass layer are substantially uniformly mixed together.
Optionally, structurally reinforcing elements such as oriented strand board, wood plates, cardboards, and polyvinyl chloride plates may be positioned on top of the backing fiberglass layer at desired locations in order to increase the stiffness for the decorative panel and optimize the subsequent installation of the decorative panel. A second backing fiberglass layer having a thickness of about 1 mm is then applied over the structurally reinforcing elements and the portions of the first backing fiberglass layer that are not covered by the structurally reinforcing elements, if any. The second backing fiberglass layer may then be leveled using a roller such as roller 1200.
The mold comprising the different layers is then heated at a temperature of at least about 20° C. for about 90 minutes, thereby allowing the backing layers to dry and solidify.
Once the backing layer 300 has been solidified, the decorative panel 100 is removed from the panel mold 400. The decorative layer 302 of the decorative panel 100 may then be finished using a finishing technique known to the skilled addressee.
In one embodiment, the decorative panel 100 may further be cut to define openings therein. For instance, a circular opening may be cut through the decorative panel 100 to define a drain for a shower floor. It will be appreciated that a decorative panel 100 made of gelcoat and fiberglass is relatively easy to machine and therefore advantageously allows the openings to be cut relatively easily.
It will be appreciated that once the decorative panel 100 has been removed from the panel mold 400, the panel mold 400 may be re-used to mold another similar decorative panels, using the same method described above.
A person skilled in the art will appreciate that decorative panels made in accordance with the above-described method may find use in many applications. For instance, decorative panels may be use in the manufacture or assembly of shower stalls. For instance,
An example of such kit to assemble a shower is illustrated in
It will be appreciated that although only one decorative panel 1702 is illustrated in
Referring to
Although
Alternatively, the decorative panel 100 could be a “faux-tile” or “faux-stone” panel for use as a kitchen backsplash or decorative purposes in various rooms of a residential or commercial building.
Although the present description refers to a “decorative” panel, a person skilled in the art will understand that the panel may perform additional functions, such as providing structural strength to a structure, for instance, or provide water and/or gas insulation.
Although the above description relates to a specific preferred embodiment as presently contemplated by the inventor, it will be understood that the invention in its broad aspect includes mechanical and functional equivalents of the elements described herein.
Claims
1. A decorative panel comprising:
- a backing layer having a back face for abutting a panel-receiving surface and a front face opposite to the back face, the front face of the backing layer including a relief element;
- a relief decorative layer attached to the front face of the backing layer and comprising: a layer of base polymer attached to the front face of the backing layer and covering the front face of the backing layer entirely, the layer of base polymer having a substantially constant thickness across the front face of the backing layer; and a layer of overlay polymer attached to the layer of base polymer and covering a portion thereof, the layer of overlay polymer corresponding to the relief element, wherein the overlay polymer and the base polymer are polymerized together to define an integral structure.
2. The decorative panel as claimed in claim 1, wherein the overlay polymer and the base polymer have different colors.
3. The decorative panel as claimed in claim 1, wherein the overlay polymer and the base polymer are resin gelcoat polymers.
4. The decorative panel as claimed in claim 3, wherein the overlay polymer comprises styrene monomer and unsaturated polyester.
5. The decorative panel as claimed in claim 3, wherein the base polymer comprises unsaturated polyester.
6. The decorative panel as claimed in claim 1, wherein the overlay polymer and the base polymer are selected from the group consisting of: paint and urethane.
7. The decorative panel as claimed in claim 1, wherein the base polymer further comprises a catalyst compound.
8. The decorative panel as claimed in claim 7, wherein the catalyst compound comprises benzoyl peroxide.
9. The decorative panel as claimed in claim 1, wherein the relief element is indented towards the backing layer.
10. The decorative panel as claimed in claim 9, wherein the relief element is received in a recess defined in the front face of the backing layer configured to accommodate the relief element and a portion of the layer of the base polymer.
11. The decorative panel as claimed in claim 1, wherein the relief element projects away from the backing layer.
12. The decorative panel as claimed in claim 1, wherein the backing layer comprises a ridge defined in the front face, the ridge being configured to accommodate thereon the relief element and a portion of the layer of the base polymer sandwiched between the relief element and the backing layer.
13. The decorative panel as claimed in claim 1, wherein the relief element defines a grid pattern.
14. The decorative panel as claimed in claim 1, further comprising a barrier layer covering the relief decorative layer.
15. The decorative panel as claimed in claim 14, wherein the barrier layer is made of a transparent polymer.
16. The decorative panel as claimed in claim 1, wherein the decorative panel is one of a faux-tile panel and a faux-stone panel.
17. The decorative panel as claimed in claim 1, wherein the panel-receiving surface is one of a wall, a floor, and a ceiling.
18. The decorative panel as claimed in claim 17, wherein the panel-receiving surface is one of a wall of a bathroom and a floor of a bathroom.
19. A decorative panel comprising:
- a backing layer having a back face for abutting a panel-receiving surface and a front face opposite to the back face, the front face of the backing layer including a relief element;
- a layer of base polymer having a front face and a back face attached to the front face of the backing layer, the layer of base polymer covering the front face of the backing layer entirely, the layer of base polymer having a substantially constant thickness across the front face of the backing layer; and
- a layer of overlay polymer having a front face and a back face attached to the front face of the layer of base polymer, the layer of overlay polymer covering a first portion of the layer of base polymer, the first portion of the layer of base polymer corresponding to the relief element,
- wherein the layer of overlay polymer and the layer of base polymer are polymerized together to define an integral structure in the first portion of the layer of base polymer, and
- wherein the layer of base polymer further includes a second portion which is uncovered by the layer of overlay polymer, the front face of the layer of overlay polymer and the second portion of the layer of base polymer together defining relief structures.
3177279 | April 1965 | Bilodeau |
3519527 | July 1970 | Crowley |
3660187 | May 1972 | Shortway |
3772138 | November 1973 | Witman |
3811915 | May 1974 | Burrell et al. |
4097635 | June 27, 1978 | Sanz Hernandez et al. |
4126727 | November 21, 1978 | Kaminski |
4169907 | October 2, 1979 | Barker et al. |
4187131 | February 5, 1980 | Shortway et al. |
4214028 | July 22, 1980 | Shortway et al. |
4217385 | August 12, 1980 | Shortway et al. |
4233343 | November 11, 1980 | Barker |
4248922 | February 3, 1981 | Shortway et al. |
4267221 | May 12, 1981 | Ishikawa |
4298646 | November 3, 1981 | Haemer |
4329822 | May 18, 1982 | Russell |
4349588 | September 14, 1982 | Schiffer |
4446177 | May 1, 1984 | Munoz et al. |
4491616 | January 1, 1985 | Schmidle |
4500373 | February 19, 1985 | Kubota |
4504523 | March 12, 1985 | Miller, Jr. |
4579767 | April 1, 1986 | Coggan et al. |
4581255 | April 8, 1986 | Coggan et al. |
4617222 | October 14, 1986 | Courtoy |
4789604 | December 6, 1988 | van der Hoeven |
RE33599 | May 28, 1991 | Courtoy |
5052160 | October 1, 1991 | Gentsch et al. |
5219787 | June 15, 1993 | Carey |
5328730 | July 12, 1994 | Lowe |
5627231 | May 6, 1997 | Shalov |
5634307 | June 3, 1997 | Larriberot et al. |
5645889 | July 8, 1997 | Potosky |
5830937 | November 3, 1998 | Shalov |
5858160 | January 12, 1999 | Piacente |
5866225 | February 2, 1999 | Crossley |
5919554 | July 6, 1999 | Watterson et al. |
6106952 | August 22, 2000 | Yamashita et al. |
6146711 | November 14, 2000 | Courtoy |
6150009 | November 21, 2000 | Stecker |
6835420 | December 28, 2004 | Rockrath et al. |
7025013 | April 11, 2006 | Staerzl |
7131380 | November 7, 2006 | Huffer |
8501069 | August 6, 2013 | Williamson |
20010002293 | May 31, 2001 | Eby et al. |
20010055662 | December 27, 2001 | Fusco |
20020146954 | October 10, 2002 | Drees et al. |
20020160680 | October 31, 2002 | Laurence et al. |
20030003827 | January 2, 2003 | Mikats |
20030113520 | June 19, 2003 | Takahashi et al. |
20030138617 | July 24, 2003 | Courtoy et al. |
20030180509 | September 25, 2003 | Wright et al. |
20040170873 | September 2, 2004 | Smith |
20040219339 | November 4, 2004 | Dempsey et al. |
20050055931 | March 17, 2005 | Rochette |
20060000173 | January 5, 2006 | Edstrom |
20060068213 | March 30, 2006 | O'Brien et al. |
20060136083 | June 22, 2006 | Hansson et al. |
20070187864 | August 16, 2007 | Mincey et al. |
20070202305 | August 30, 2007 | Sun |
20070218252 | September 20, 2007 | Donald |
20080115437 | May 22, 2008 | Bordener |
20080311346 | December 18, 2008 | Ohno |
20090035473 | February 5, 2009 | Jaworowski |
20090061184 | March 5, 2009 | Jaworowski |
20090068418 | March 12, 2009 | Iwase et al. |
20100151225 | June 17, 2010 | Mabey |
20110223389 | September 15, 2011 | Lin et al. |
1243925 | November 1988 | CA |
2497994 | July 2002 | CN |
2175082 | April 2010 | EP |
1471270 | March 1967 | FR |
1388536 | March 1975 | GB |
2428406 | January 2007 | GB |
2009/124434 | October 2009 | WO |
- International Search Report and Written Opinion mailed Jan. 14, 2013, in corresponding PCT Application No. PCT/CA2012/000929.
- International Preliminary Report on Patentability dated Jan. 29, 2014, in corresponding PCT Application No. PCT/CA2012/000929.
- “Tile-Look FRP,” <www.frpdesignsolutions.com>, Crane Composites, Inc., 2011.
Type: Grant
Filed: Apr 4, 2014
Date of Patent: Dec 13, 2016
Patent Publication Number: 20140331585
Assignee: Maax Bath Inc. (Lachine)
Inventors: Hugues Morneau (St-Etienne-de-Lauzon), Nicolas Cloutier (Tring Jonction), Guillaume Dionne (Quebec)
Primary Examiner: James Ference
Application Number: 14/245,621
International Classification: E04F 13/00 (20060101); B29C 70/30 (20060101);