Raspberry plant named `Tola`
The present invention relates to a new and distinct cultivar of red raspberry plant named `Tola`, botanically identified as Rubus idaeus L. The new cultivar is distinguished from other red fruited raspberry cultivars by its fruit of excellent flavor and color, its high yielding capacity (especially on the primocane crop), and its consistency in production of uniform size and shape of fruit. The new cultivar also has greater firmness than most other red fruited cultivars.
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The new cultivar of raspberry plant was developed from the hybridization of the selection `H374-2` (an unpatented variety) as the seed parent with the selection `K589-1` (an unpatented variety) as the pollen parent. The parents were crossed in the Fall of 1991, whereafter fruit and seed were collected to produce seedlings for field planting in Watsonville Calif. in 1991. The new cultivar was selected from these seedlings in September 1992 for its excellent fruit firmness, fruit structure, and disease resistance. The new cultivar has been asexually propagated by in vitro shoot tip culture, root sucker divison and root cuttings at the Cassin Ranch in Santa Cruz County, Calif. and has been shown to maintain the desired and distinguishing characteristics after propagation over several generations.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTIONThe present invention provides a new and distinct cultivar of red raspberry plant named `Tola`. The cultivar is botanically identified as Rubus idaeus L. The `Tola` red raspberry plant produces a primocane crop which begins in mid to late July and continues until late October. The floricane crop begins in mid to late May and continues until mid July. Both the primocane and floricane yields are high relative to other comparable varieties. The fruit of `Tola` is notably quite firm and very consistent with regard to its size and shape throughout its harvest period. The fruit of `Tola` separates easily from its receptacle.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGSThe accompanying photographs show typical specimens of the primocane fruit, leaves and shoot of the new cultivar, in color as nearly true as it is reasonably possible to make in color illustrations of these characteristics.
FIG. 1 is a photograph of a `Tola` primocane mature leaf and fruit.
FIG. 2 is a photograph of a `Tola` primocane shoot and leaf.
DETAILED BOTANICAL DESCRIPTIONThe following detailed description of the new raspberry cultivar, `Tola`, is based upon observations taken of plants and fruit grown in Watsonville, Calif. between 1994 and 1997, and is believed to apply to plants of the `Tola` cultivar grown in similar conditions of soil and climate elsewhere.
Throughout this specification, color names beginning with a small letter signify that the name of the color, as used in common speech, is aptly descriptive. Color data beginning with a capital letter and followed by an alphanumeric code designating the color according the The R.H.S. Colour Chart published by The Royal Horticultural Society of London, England. Color designations, color descriptions, and other phenotypical descriptions may deviate from the stated values and descriptions depending upon variation in environmental, seasonal, climatic and cultural conditions.
Tables 1and 2 provide information on the plant and fruit characteristics of the new cultivar `Tola` compared with with characteristics of the unpatented raspberry cultivars `Heritage`, `Summit` and `Amity`. The cultivars closest to the new `Tola` cultivar are `Amity` for fruit size and `Summit` for its fruiting cycles. Observations of the cultivars were taken under similar conditions.
The new variety is particularly characterized and distinguished from other cultivars by its fruit firmness, fruit structure, yield, and disease resistance.
The fruit color of `Tola` is a medium red at harvest but darkens after harvest to a deeper color. Fruit of `Tola` separates easily from the receptacle and is of excellent firmness at harvest. The fruit of `Tola` is very consistent in size and shape throughout the harvest period.
The primocane and floricane yields of `Tola` are high relative to the varieties `Amity` and `Heritage`.
`Tola` is distinguishable from its pollen parent, selection `H374-2`, by producing a higher yield of fruit and having shinier, brighter fruit. The new cultivar is distinguished from its seed parent, selection `K589-1`, by having smaller and firmer fruit.
ISOZYME ANALYSISIn addition to the morphological description above, the new cultivar `Tola` has been analyzed to obtain an indication of its genetic makeup to provide further means for identifying the new variety and distinguishing it from some other somewhat similar and/or related raspberry varieties. Specifically, leaf samples of `Tola`, and the unpatented varieties `Summit` and `Heritage` were analyzed by electrophoresis for isozyme patterns of the enzymes phosphoglucoisomerase (PGI), malate dehydrogenase (MDH) and phoshpoglucomutase (PGM) according to the procedure described by J.C. Cousineau and D.J. Donnelly, "Use of isozyme analysis to characterize raspberry cultivars and detect cultivar mislabeling", Hort Science27:1023-1025(1992). Isozyme characterization of the cultivar `Tola` is presented in Table 3, with the letters representing the banding patterns for each enzyme as designated in the above-identified article.
DISEASE AND STRESS RESISTANCEThe cultivar has very high resistance to late leaf rust. Resistance is unknown to powdery mildew and root rots. Cold tolerance of the new cultivar has not been established. Post harvest fruit rot resistance is good in comparison over many selections and varieties.
TABLE 1
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PLANT CHARACTERISTICS OF `TOLA`
Heri-
Tola tage Summit Amity
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General
Plant size large large small- medium
medium
Growth habit erect erect semi- erect
erect
Productivity very medium high low-
high medium
Self-fruitfulness
self- self- self- self-
fruit- fruit- fruit- fruit-
ful ful ful ful
Primocane
fruiting
percent of cane
.about.40-50
.about.5-20
.about.40-50
.about.20-35
length
flowering as
primocane
percent of total
.about.50-60
.about.40-60
.about.50-70
.about.40-50
yield
Number of young
many medium few many
shoots
Primocanes
number fruiting
9-22 2-14 9-15 6-14
laterals/cane
(mean (mean (mean (mean
16) 8) 12) 10)
number of 1-5 3-5 2-7 1-6
canes/crown (mean (mean (mean (mean
3) 4) 3) 3)
young shoot medium medium medium
medium
pigmentation inten- inten- inten- inten-
sity sity sity sity
red red red red
length (cm) 162- 182- 137- 135-
243 230 212 208
(mean (mean (mean (mean
193) 208) 164) 168)
diameter
(end of 1st year)
cane base (cm)
1.0-1.8 0.9-1.4 0.8-1.3
0.8-1.5
(mean (mean (mean (mean
1.4) 1.2) 1.1) 1.1)
central 1/3 of
0.7-1.3 0.8-1.1 0.7-1.0
0.6-1.0
cane (cm) (mean (mean (mean (mean
1.1) 1.0) 0.8) 0.8)
time of shoot
medium very late medium
emergence late
prickles
pigmentation green- green- brown- purple
ish
brown- brown- purple-
ish ish
green green purple
density on young
medium dense sparse sparse
shoots
attitude of tip
down- down- down- hori-
ward ward ward zontal
size small medium medium small
texture soft rigid heavy heavy
presence and regu- regu- regu- regu-
distribution larly larly larly larly
on petioles distri- distri- distri-
distri-
buted buted buted buted
pubescence on
strong absent medium medium
canes or
very
weak
internodal
distance (cm)
(at central 1/3
3.5-6.5 3.0-6.0 3.2-7.5
3.0-6.5
of cane) (mean (mean (mean
(mean
5.2) 4.7) 4.8) 5.0)
lenticels not not not not
visible visible visible
visible
Floricanes
number 12-20 10-14 10-15 12-19
nodes/lateral
branch
number of 2-4 1-4 2-6 1-2
flowers/node
Leaves
Arrangement com- com- com- com-
pound pound pound pound
Relief between
weak very medium medium
veins weak
Cross section
concave concave flat con-
cave-
flat
Leaflet number
usually 3-5 usually
usually
5 5 3
Terminal leaflet
length (cm) 11.6 14.6 12.4 13.7
width (cm) 7.5 7.8 7.2 12.1
shape ovate ovate ovate lobed
tip acumi- acumi- acumi- acumi-
nate nate nate nate
base cordate- acute rounded
cordate
round
margin doubly doubly doubly doubly
serrate serrate serrate
serrate
Lateral leaflets
(basal pair)
overlap touch- free over- over-
ing lapping
lapping
orientation opposite opposite opposite
opposite
shape oblique oblique ovate- ovate-
lobed lobed
tip acumi- acumi- acumi- acumi-
nate nate nate nate
base oblique oblique oblique-
oblique
rounded
margin doubly doubly doubly doubly
serrate serrate serrate
serrate
length (cm) 11.9 14.7 11.6 11.7
width (cm) 7.6 8.6 7.7 8.2
Rachis length
1.0-1.8 0.8-2.2 0.5-1.8
2.4-3.9
between terminal
(mean (mean (mean (mean
leaflet and 1.4) 1.5) 1.2) 3.0)
adjacent lateral
leaflets (cm)
Glossiness medium medium medium dull
Color
face medium medium medium medium
137A 137A, 137A 147A
139A
underside 138B 148C, 191B 191A
191B
Petiole
length (cm) 4.0-10.0 6.6-8.5 5.8-8.9
4.0-8.2
(mean (mean (mean (mean
7.1) 7.6) 7.4) 6.0)
pigmentation of
unpig- lightly lightly
lightly
upper surface
mented
pigmentation of
unpig- unpig- lightly
unpig-
underside mented mented mented
Petiolule length
short very short very
short short
Stipule erect erect erect- erect-
orientation clasping
clasping
Flowers
Flower color white white white white
Flowering period
primocane mid mid early early
June- June- June- June-
late early mid early
September
October Septem-
October
ber
floricane early early early early to
April- April- April- mid
early June
early June
early June
March-
early
June
Flower size small small medium large
Petal
length (cm) 0.6-0.8 0.7-0.8 0.7-0.9
0.7-1.0
width (cm) 0.3-0.4 0.3 0.3-0.4
0.3-0.5
Pedicel
coloration absent present, present,
present,
or strong
strong
strong
inten- inten-
inten-
weak sity, sity, sity,
inten- red red red
sity,
red
length short medium medium long
Productivity
Primocane .about.9.2
.about.5.1
.about.7.3
.about.6.4
t/acre t/acre t/acre t/acre
Floricane .about.4.1
.about.4.1
.about.2.9
.about.5.1
t/acre t/acre t/acre t/acre
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TABLE 2
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FRUIT CHARACTERISTICS OF `TOLA`
Tola Heritage Summit Amity
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Fruit
Harvest season
primocane
mid to late
late July-
mid July-
mid July-
July-late mid late mid
October November October November
floricane
mid to late
mid May- mid May-
late April
May - mid July mid July
mid July
mid July
Color Medium Medium Red
Medium Red
Medium Red
Red
immature 44B 53A 46A 46A
maturing 45A-47A 45A, 46D 45A 47A
mature 46A, 46B 44C 42B 42B
Glossiness
medium medium medium medium
Dimensions
weight (g/fruit)
primocane
2.9-3.6 2.7-2.9 2.5-3.3 2.7-3.7
(mean 3.3)
(mean 2.8)
(mean 2.8)
(mean 3.2)
floricane
2.8-3.5 2.3-2.7 2.5-2.8 3.0-3.4
(mean 3.1)
(mean 2.6)
(mean 2.6)
(mean 3.2)
length 15.9-25.4 -- 17.5-25.4
17.5-22.2
(primocane)
(mean 22.4) (mean 20.2)
(mean 20.1)
(mm)
width (primo-
17.5-23.8 -- 18.3-23.0
15.9-23.0
cane) (mm)
(mean 20.9) (mean 20.4)
(mean 20.2)
Soluble sol-
9.2 -- 9.4 9.7
ids (%)
Titratable
acidity
(% as citric
11.8 -- 14.5 11.2
acid)
Seeds
weight (mg)
1.5 -- 1.8 1.5
Number 93-154 45-102 73-119 62-108
druplets/fruit
(mean 127)
(mean 72) (mean 98)
(mean 88)
Firmness firm firm firm firm
Yield high medium high medium
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TABLE 3
______________________________________
ISOZYME BANDING PATTERNS OF `TOLA` COMPARED
WITH `HERITAGE` AND `SUMMIT`
Isozyme and Pattern
Cultivar PGI MDH PGM
______________________________________
Tola A C C
Heritage A D C
Summit A C A
______________________________________
Claims
1. A new and distinctive cultivar of raspberry plant as illustrated and described herein.
| PP7436 | February 5, 1991 | Ackerman |
Type: Grant
Filed: Feb 5, 1998
Date of Patent: Oct 12, 1999
Assignee: Sweetbriar Development, Inc. (Watsonville, CA)
Inventors: Carlos D. Fear (Aptos, CA), Mella-Dee M. Mayberry (Georgetown, DE)
Primary Examiner: Howard J. Locker
Assistant Examiner: Wendy A Baker
Law Firm: Pennie & Edmonds LLP
Application Number: 9/19,174
