Calibrachoa plant named ‘Kakegawa S85’

Abstract

‘Kakegawa S85’ is a new Calibrachoa cultivar particularly distinguished by having a white flower color and a creeping growth habit.

Description

Genus and species: Calibrachoa sp.

Variety denomination: ‘Kakegawa S85’.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

The present invention comprises a new and distinct cultivar of Calibrachoa, botanically known as Calibrachoa sp., and hereinafter referred to by the cultivar name ‘Kakegawa S85.’ It is characterized by having white flower color and creeping growth habit. The new cultivar originated from a hybridization made in 2001 in Kakegawa, Japan. The female parent was a proprietary hybrid Calibrachoa breeding line named ‘K8-1463’ having a white flower color and a creeping plant growth habit. The male parent was a proprietary hybrid Calibrachoa breeding line named ‘0B-11A-1’ characterized by its apricot flower color and semi-creeping plant growth habit.

In 2001, ‘K8-1463’ and ‘0B-11A-1’ were crossed and 37 seeds were obtained. In fall 2001, the F₁ seed was sown in the greenhouse and produced plant lines with erect and creeping growth habits and deep apricot, pale apricot and white flower colors. Line ‘K2-143’ was selected for its white flower color and creeping plant growth habit. In spring 2002, ‘K2-143’ was vegetatively propagated by cuttings in Kakegawa and re-evaluated. The line was subsequently named ‘Kakegawa S85’ and its unique characteristics were found to reproduce true to type in successive generations of asexual propagation.

Plant Breeder's Rights for this cultivar were applied for in Canada on Mar. 31, 2006.

Description of the Genus Calibrachoa Llave & Lex

The genus Petunia was originally established in 1803 by A. L. Jussieu, who described both P. parviflora and P. nyctaginifloa as type species. Using a non-horticultural system that selected the first mentioned species as the type species (lectotype), N. L. Britton and H. A. Brown declared P. parviflora as the type species for Petunia in 1913.

During the 1980's and 1990, H. J. Wijsman published a series of articles regarding the ancestry of P. hybrida, the Garden Petunia, and the inter-relationship of several species classified as Petunia. These studies discovered that P. hybrida and its ancestral species, P. nyctaginiflora (=P. axillaris) and P. violacea (=P. integrifolia), possessed 14 pairs of chromosomes while several other species, including P. parviflora, possessed 18 pairs of chromosomes. Since P. parviflora was the lectotype species for the Petunia genus, Wijsman and J. H. de Jong proposed transferring the 14 chromosome species to the genus Stimoryne. Horticulturists opposed reclassifying the Garden Petunia and in 1986, Wijsman proposed the alternative of making P. nyctaginiflora the lectotype species for Petunia and transferring the 18 chromosome species to another genus. The I. N. G. Committee adopted this proposal. By 1990 Wijsman had transferred several species, including P. parviflora (=C. parviflora) to Calibrachoa, originally established by Llave and Lexarza in 1825. Calibrachoa parviflora (=C. mexicana Llave & Lexarza) is now the type species for the genus Calibrachoa.

Classification of the current Petunia and Calibrachoa species is still in progress. New species are also being identified. Consequently a proper description has not been written for the Calibrachoa genus. Calibrachoa can, however, be distinguished from Petunia based on the higher chromosome number, chromosome morphology, plant branching habit and type of flower bud aestivation. Whereas Petunia species bear a flower peduncle and one new stem from a node, Calibrachoa bear a flower peduncle and three stems. Petunia species have a cochlear corolla bud, and a single outermost petal covers the other four, radially folded and terminally contorted petals. Calibrachoa flower buds are flat with all five petals linearly folded and the two lower petals forming a cover around the three other petals and fused together.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The following are the most outstanding and distinguishing characteristics of this new cultivar when grown under normal horticultural practices in Kakegawa, Japan.

• • 1. White flower color; and
  • 2. Creeping plant growth habit.

DESCRIPTION OF PHOTOGRAPHS

This new Calibrachoa plant is illustrated by the accompanying photographs which show the plant's form, foliage and flowers. The colors shown are as true as can be reasonably obtained by conventional photographic procedures.

FIG. 1. shows overall plant habit.

FIG. 2. shows the mature flowers.

DESCRIPTION OF THE NEW CULTIVAR

The following detailed description sets forth the distinctive characteristics of ‘Kakegawa S85’. The data which define these characteristics were collected from asexual reproductions carried out in Salinas, Calif. The detailed description was taken from plants grown under greenhouse conditions for approximately 6 months from transplanting of rooted cuttings. Color references are to The R.H.S. Colour Chart of The Royal Horticultural Society of London (R.H.S.), 4^th Edition.

DETAILED BOTANICAL DESCRIPTION

• Classification:
  • • Family.—Solanaceae.
    • Species.—Calibrachoa sp. cultivar ‘Kakegawa S85’.
    • Common name.—Calibrachoa.
• Parentage:
  • • Male.—Hybrid proprietary Calibrachoa breeding line ‘0B-11A-1’.
    • Female.—Hybrid proprietary Calibrachoa breeding line ‘K8-1463’.
• Plant description:
  • • Life cycle.—Tender Perennial.
    • Form.—Branching.
    • Habit.—Trailing.
    • Height.—6.0 cm to 7.0 cm.
    • Spread.—50 cm to 60 cm.
• Propagation:
  • • Type cuttings.—Vegetative cuttings.
    • Time to produce a rooted cutting.—6 weeks.
    • Time to bloom from propagation.—10 weeks.
• Environmental conditions for plant growth:
  • • The terminal 1.0 to 1.5 inches of an actively growing stem was excised. The vegetative cuttings were propagated in five to six weeks. The base of the cuttings were dipped for 1 to 2 seconds in a 1:9 solution of DIP 'N GROW (1 solution: 9 water) root inducing solution immediately prior to sticking into the cell trays. Cuttings were stuck into plastic cell trays having 98 cells, and containing a moistened peat moss-based growing medium. The cuttings were misted with water from overhead for 10 seconds every 30 minutes until sufficient roots were formed. Rooted cuttings were transplanted and grown in 20 cm diameter plastic pots in a glass greenhouse located in Salinas, Calif. Pots contained a peat moss-based growing medium. Soluble fertilizer containing 20% nitrogen, 10% phosphorus and 20% potassium was applied once a day or every other day by overhead irrigation. Pots were top-dressed with a dry, slow release fertilizer containing 20% nitrogen, 10% phosphorus and 18% potassium. The typical average air temperature was 24° C.
• Stems:
  • • Stem color.—RHS 144B (Green).
    • Anthocyanin color.—Absent.
    • Pubescence.—Slight.
    • Pubescence color.—RHS 155A (White).
    • Stem description.—Round.
    • Stem diameter.—0.1 cm to 0.2 cm.
    • Stem length.—2.5 cm to 3.0 cm.
    • Internode length.—1.0 cm to 1.5 cm.
• Leaves:
  • • Arrangement.—Alternate.
    • Shape.—Elliptical.
    • Apex.—Obtuse.
    • Base.—Attenuate.
    • Attachment.—Sessile.
    • Margin.—Entire.
    • Surface.—Dull.
    • Surface pubescence.—Slight.
    • Pubescence color.—RHS N155A (white).
    • Venation.—Pinnate.
    • Length.—2.0 cm to 3.5 cm.
    • Width.—0.8 cm to 1.2 cm.
    • Color.—Upper surface: RHS 137B (Green). Lower surface: RHS 137C (Green).
    • Fragrance.—Absent.
    • Corolla.—5 petals, fused.
    • Corolla shape.—The flowers are funnel shaped with five fissures and a shallow, yet slight, indentation of the petal tip at the midvein.
• Flower:
  • • Flowering habit.—Indeterminate.
    • Flower type.—Solitary.
    • Flowering requirements.—Will flower so long as day length is greater than 12 hours and temperature exceeds 13° C.
    • Duration of flowers.—About 5 days.
    • Fragrance.—Absent.
• Flower buds:
  • • Surface.—Pubescent.
    • Length.—1.5 cm.
    • Diameter.—0.3 cm to 0.4 cm.
    • Shape.—Ovate.
    • Color.—RHS 150D (Yellow-green).
    • Peduncle length.—1.0 cm to 1.5 cm.
    • Peduncle color.—RHS 144B (Green).
• Flower description:
  • • Flower depth.—2.5 cm.
    • Flower tube length.—1.5 cm.
    • Flower tube diameter.—0.5 cm.
    • Flower diameter.—3.0 cm to 3.5 cm.
    • Calyx.—5 sepals fused at the middle.
    • Sepals.—Shape: Elliptical. Apex: Obtuse. Margin: Entire. Sepal color: RHS 143A (Green).
    • Petals.—Shape: Spatulate. Length: 1.0 cm to 1.4 cm. Width: 0.4 cm to 0.5 cm. Apex: Truncate. Margin: Entire. Texture: Glabrous. Color: Limb color: Both surfaces: Closest to RHS N155A (White) with RHS 144B mid veins (Yellow-green). Corolla tube color: Inner: RHS 5A (Yellow) with RHS 144B mid vein (Yellow-green). Outer: RHS 5C (Yellow) with RHS 144B mid vein (Yellow-green).
    • Fragrance.—Absent.
• Reproductive organs:
  • • Stamen number.—5, free.
    • Stamen color.—Anther color is RHS 5A (Yellow). Filament color: RHS 144D (Green).
    • Pollen color.—RHS 4B (Yellow).
    • Ovary.—Superior.
    • Placenta arrangement.—Central.
    • Pistil number.—1.
    • Pistil length.—0.1 cm.
    • Stigma color.—RHS 144D (Green).
    • Style length.—0.09 cm.
    • Style color.—RHS 144D (Green).
• Fruit/seed set: No fruit or seeds produced.

Disease and Insect Resistance

‘Kakegawa S85’ has excellent resistance to rain, heat and drought. Will not tolerate temperatures below 10° C. Plants are susceptible to Botrytis, powdery mildew, various stem and root rots, and certain viruses, like Tobacco Mosaic Virus and Impatiens Necrotic Spotted Virus. Plants can be infested with aphids, leafminer, whitefly and various Lepitopdera.

Comparison with Parental Lines and Known Cultivars

Calibrachoa ‘Kakegawa S85’ is a distinct variety of Calibrachoa due to its white flower color and creeping growth habit. ‘Kakegawa S85’ is distinguished from its parents mainly by flower color as shown in Table 1 below.

TABLE 1
		Female Parent:	Male Parent:
Characteristic	’Kakegawa S85’	‘K8-1463’	‘0B-11A-1’
Flower color	White	White	Apricot
Plant growth habit	Creeping	Creeping	Semi-creeping

‘Kakegawa S85’ is most similar to the variety ‘MILLION BELLS White’; however, there are differences in plant maturity and growth habit as described in Table 2 below.

TABLE 2
Characteristic	‘Kakegawa S85’	‘MILLION BELLS White’
Plant maturity	Early to flower	Later to flower
Plant growth	Creeping	Mounding
habit

Claims

1. A new and distinct cultivar of Calibrachoa plant as shown and described herein.