Latin name of the genus and species of the plant claimed: This tetraploid plant has only Musa acuminata in its pedigree. This tetraploid hybrid is the product of an inter-specific cross between one diploid (AA) and two triploid (AAA) cultivars. Its Latin name is M. acuminata group (AAAA), representing four genomes of the M. acuminata.
Variety denomination: ‘SH-4199’.
STATEMENT REGARDING FEDERALLY SPONSORED RESEARCH OR DEVELOPMENT Not applicable.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION This invention relates to a new and distinctive hybrid banana plant variety named ‘SH-4199’. This new hybrid variety was the result of a field cross performed in 2016 in La Lima Cortés, Honduras, between ‘SH-4168’ x ‘SH-3142’ (Both unpatented). The female parent ‘SH-4168’ is a medium triploid plant (AAA) “Cavendish type” tolerant to Black Sigatoka leaf spot disease (Mycosphaerella fijiensis), developed from accessions and breeding lines a germplasm bank. The pedigree of ‘SH-4168’ is ‘ITC-570’ (‘Williams’) x ‘Novak’, both belonging to the Cavendish group.
The male parent, ‘SH-3142’, is diploid (AA), resistant to burrowing nematodes (Radopholus similis), Sigatoka leaf disease (Mycosphaerella fijiensis), and Fusarium wilt (Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense Race 1 and 4). The pedigree of ‘SH-3142’ is ‘AVP-357’ and ‘II-30’→‘III-133’ x ‘SH-77’→‘SH-1734’ x ‘II-155’→‘SH-3142’. ‘AVP-357’ is a Musa acuminata subsp. malaccensis diploid (AA) from the two original parental lines, and the ‘II-30’ is a Musa acuminata subsp. errans diploid (AA).
‘SH-4199’ was selected in 2018 from several first-generation seedlings from the cross between ‘SH-4168’ and ‘SH-3142’. It was chosen as a tetraploid hybrid maintaining the “Cavendish type” stature and taste of its female parental line and producing bunches of 20 kilograms with fruits of the same quality as the mother ‘SH-4168’. Furthermore, it presents the black Sigatoka leaf spot disease (Mycosphaerella fijiensis) resistance of his ‘SH-3142’ male parental line. ‘SH-4199’ was asexually reproduced by corms by the breeder in La Lima Cortes, Honduras. All plants and fruit run true to the initially selected plant and are identical in all aspects.
The hybrid ‘SH-4199’ has many similarities with its mother, ‘SH-4168’. These similarities include the plant's size, the shape of the cluster, the distribution of the leaves, the shape of the fingers, and the flavor. However, ‘SH-4199’ is more resistant to black Sigatoka (Mycosphaerella fijiensis) than ‘SH-4168’. It is possible that ‘SH-4199’ inherited this resistance from its parent ‘SH-3142’, which is a tall plant with a large bunch and an unpleasant flavor and is very different from ‘SH-4199’. ‘SH-4199’ differs from commercial varieties such as ‘Grand Naine’ or ‘Williams’ in fruit taste and bunch size. Compared to ‘Grand Naine’ or ‘Williams’, ‘SH-4199’ may not have the same commercial value, but it has the potential to contribute to the development of better varieties.
BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION ‘SH-4199’ is a hybrid dessert banana variety with a dwarf stature, is resistant to black Sigatoka, and produces high-quality fruit.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE PHOTOGRAPHS The figures describe the characteristics of the ‘SH-4199’ hybrid banana variety. The color shown in the photographs is as nearly accurate as reasonably possible in this type's color representation.
FIG. 1 shows the typical appearance of a plant at ten (10) months old;
FIG. 2A-B show blotches of the petiole base (A) and a petiole canal (B);
FIG. 3A-C shows the shape of a leaf blade base (A) and leaf upper (B) and lower (C) surfaces;
FIG. 4A-B shows water suckers (A) and leaves without blotches (B);
FIG. 5 shows a typical fruit bunch;
FIG. 6 shows a male bud;
FIG. 7A-C shows bracts of male buds;
FIG. 8A-C shows compound tepals (A and B) and free tepals (C) lobes;
FIG. 9A-B shows the style shape (A) and an ovary (B);
FIG. 10 shows a male flower;
FIG. 11 shows rowed ovules; and
FIG. 12 shows a typical second hand.
DETAILED BOTANICAL DESCRIPTION The following is a detailed botanical description of the new variety ‘SH-4199’. The report is from plants located in La Lima, Cortés, Honduras that were evaluated in 2023. The descriptions concord with the internationally standardized “Descriptors for Banana (Musa spp.)” elaborated by IPGRI-INIBAP/CIRAD, 1996, and the U.K's Royal Horticultural Society's Colour Chart, 2001. The ‘SH-4199’ plant and its fruit may vary slightly from the detailed descriptors shown below due to cultural practices, soil types, and climatic conditions under which the variety may be cultivated.
Leaf habit Intermediate
Dwarfism Dwarf type
Pseudostem length 2.02 m
Pseudostem diameter 67 cm
Pseudostem height 2.1 to 2.9 meters
Pseudostem aspect Robust
Pseudostem color Yellow-Green (146D, RHS)
Pseudostem appearance Shiny (Not waxy)
The predominant underlying color Greyed-red (179D, RHS)
of the pseudostem
Pigmentation of the underlying Greyed-Red (180A, RHS)
pseudostem
Sap color Milky (4D, RHS)
Wax-on leaf sheaths Very few waxes
Number of suckers 3-4
Development of suckers >¼ and <¾ of the height of
the parent plant
Position of suckers Close to parent (vertical growth)
Blotches at the petiole base Extensive pigmentation
Blotches color Greyed-Brown (N199A, RHS)
Petiole canal leaf III Straight with erect margins
Petiole margins Winged and clasping the
pseudostem
Wing type Dry
Petiole margin color Without color
Edge of petiole margin Colourless (Without a color line
along)
Petiole margin width >1 cm
Leaf blade length 221 to 260 cm
Leaf blade width 81 to 90 cm
Petiole length 51 to 70 cm
Color of the leaf's upper Surface Green (136A, RHS)
Appearance of leaf upper surface Dull
Color of the leaf's lower surface Green (N138B, RHS)
The appearance of the leaf lower Dull
surface
Wax on leaves Very wax
The insertion point of the leaf Asymmetric
blade on the petiole
The shape of the leaf blade base One side is rounded, one-pointed.
Leaf corrugation Very corrugated
Color of midrib dorsal surface Green (141C, RHS)
Color of midrib ventral surface Yellow-green (144B, RHS)
Color of cigar leaf dorsal surface Green (139B, RHS)
Blotches on leaves of water Without blotches
suckers
Peduncle length 61-70 cm
Empty nodes on the peduncle Two or more
Peduncle width 7-12 cm
Peduncle color Green (136B, RHS)
Peduncle hairiness Very hairy, short hairs (similar to
velvet touch)
Bunch length 66 cm
Bunch diameter 77 cm
Number of hands per bunch 12
Bunch position Hanging vertically
Bunch shape Truncated cone shape
Bunch appearance Very Compact
Flowers that form the fruit Female
Fruits Biseriate
Rachis type Present and male buds may be
degenerated or persistent
Rachis position With a curve
Rachis appearance Bare
Male bud type Normal (present)
Male bud shape Ovoid
Male bud size 21 to 30 cm
Bract base shape Large shoulder
Bract apex shape Intermediate
Bract imbrication Young bracts considerably
overlap
Color of the bract external face Purple (N79A, RHS)
Color of the bract internal ace Greyed-Red (181A, RHS)
Color of the bract apex Tinted with yellow (discolored)
(17A, RHS)
Color stripes on the bract Without discolored lines (not
ridges)on the external face
Bract scars on rachis Very prominent
Persistence of the bracts of the Moderate
rachis
Fading of color on bract base Color homogenous
Male bract shape Ovate
Male bract lifting Lifting one at a time
Bract behavior before falling Revolute (Rolling)
Wax on the bract Moderately wax
Presence of grooves on the bract Strongly grooved
Male flower behavior Falling after the bract
Compound tepal basic color White (155C, RHS)
Compound tepal pigmentation Very few or no visible signs of
pigmentation
Lobe color of compound tepal Yellow-orange (17B, RHS)
Lobe development of compound Developed
tepal
Free tepal color Translucent White (155D, HRS)
Free tepal shape Oval
Free tepal appearance Several folding under apex
(corrugated)
Free tepal apex development Developed
Free tepal apex shape Triangular
Anther exertion Inserted
Filament color Yellow-Green (150D, RHS)
Anther color Yellow-Green (150D, RHS)
Pollen sacs color Yellow-Orange (16B, RHS)
Pollen vitality Abundant
Style basic color Yellow (4D, RHS)
Pigmentation on style Without pigmentation
Style exertion Inserted
Style shape Straight
Stigma color Yellow-Orange (17D, RHS)
Ovary shape Arched
Ovary basic color Yellow (4D, RHS)
Ovary pigmentation Very few or no visible signs of
pigmentation
The dominant color of male flower White 155C, RHS)
Irregular flowers Absent
Arrangement of ovules Two rowed
Fruit position Parallel to the stalk
Number of fruits 17-21
Fruit length 16-20 cm
Fruit width 2-3 cm
Fruit shape (longitudinal curvature) Straight (or slightly curved)
Color of the flesh of the fruit Creamy (8D, RHS)
Longitudinal ridges of the fruit weak
Transverse section of fruit Slightly ridged
Fruit apex Bottle-necked
Remains of flower relicts at the Persistent style
fruit apex
Fruit pedicel length 21-23 mm
Fruit pedicel width 10-12 mm
Pedicel surface Hairless
Fusion of pedicel Very partially or no visible sign
of fusion
Immature fruit peel color Green (139C, RHS)
Mature fruit peel color Yellow-orange (15B, RHS)
Fruit peel thickness 1.5-2 mm
Adherence to the fruit peel Fruit peels easily
Cracks in fruit peel Without Cracks
Pulp in fruit With pulp
Pulp color before maturity White (155A, RHS)
Pulp color at maturity White (155A, RHS)
Fruits fall from hands. Persistent
Flesh texture Firm
Predominant taste Sweet
Presence of seed with the source Without seeds
of pollen
Seed surface Without seeds
Seed shape Without seeds
Growth habit of the plant Upright
