Asparagus plant-Jersey Giant
An all male asparagus hybrid resulting from a cross of female asparagus plant No. 56 (unpatented) and male plant No. 22-8 (unpatented) having high yield ability, resistance to rust (Puccinia asparagi) good field tolerance to root and crown rot (Fusarium oxysporum and F. moniliforme) together with excellent geographic adaptability.
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This invention relates to a new variety of Asparagus Plant, which is one of many plants developed by us in a broad program of asparagus improvement having several objectives, including improved resistance or desirably complete resistance to diseases such as rust (Puccinia asparagi) as well as good tolerance to root and crown rot (Fusarium oxysporum and F. moniliforme).
Probably the most important objective in any such program however is to produce plants which have increased yield as well as larger and longer spears and which in turn appeal to the market.
The instant variety which we have chosen to denominate as "Jersey Giant", originally identified by us as No. 56.times.22-8, is one which has all of the foregoing attributes and as compared to some of the standard varieties such as Mary Washington (an unpatented variety) well known as an industry standard, the same is clearly superior.
The instant variety "Jersey Giant" was originated by crossing the seed patent "Donna" (an unpatented variety) with the pollen parent "Scott Howard" (also an unpatented variety), both of the foregoing having been developed by us, and as will be understood embodying the best characteristics of each.
In fact comparison in early yield (two weeks) and in fusarium infested soil in the vicinity of Bridgeton, N.J., the production of jumbo spears (larger than 10/16" diameter, 9" long) has shown that "Jersey Giant" our new variety has produced on the order of four times the number and about three times the total marketable spears 6/16" and larger diameter, 9" long.
When our new variety is grown in New Jersey, in fusarium infested fields it also produced about double the weight of marketable spears as compared with other varieties, some selections of Mary Washington and also unpatented, such as "Rutgers Beacon".
Of interest and indicative of the effect of fusarium infestation, is the fact that even in soils virgin to asparagus, our new variety still out produces, producing marketable yields usually twice that of Mary Washington in any event.
A compilation of data, setting forth actual results of growing our new variety in substantially different geographical locations, and in soil virgin to asparagus as well, follows hereafter and indicates the superiority we have developed in "Jersey Giant".
ASPARAGUS PLANT NO. 56.times.22-8 MALE HYBRID - "JERSEY GIANT" TABLE 1
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Bridgeton, New Jersey Early Yield (Two weeks). Fusar-
ium infested soil.
Jumbo.sup.1 Total Marketable.sup.2
1981 1982 Mean 1981 1982 Mean
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56 X 22-8 .sup. 462.sup.4
957 710 1185 1678 1432
Mary Washington
137 199 168 494 809 652
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TABLE 2
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Mickleton, New Jersey Early yield (2 weeks). Fusarium
infested soil. 1982.
Jumbo.sup.1
Total Marketable.sup.2
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56 X 22-8 .sup. 494.sup.4
1316
Rutgers Beacon 223 639
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TABLE 3
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Woodstown, New Jersey (2 weeks). Soil virgin to asparagus.
Jumbo Spears.sup.1 Total Marketable Spears.sup.2
1980 1981 1982 Mean 1980 1981 1982 Mean
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56 X 22-8
388 460 984 611 760 930 1582 1091
Rutgers
325 322 516 388 612 766 1110 829
Beacon
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TABLE 4
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Bixby, Oklahoma. Marketable yield snapped spears 9" and
shorter, 6/16" diameter and larger. Soil virgin to asparagus.
1979 1980 1981 Mean
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56 X 22-8 .sup. 797.sup.4
2554 5024 2792
Mary Washington
393 818 2633 1281
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TABLE 5
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Michigan. Soil virgin to asparagus.
Sodus Oceana County
Marketable Yield.sup.2
Marketable Yield.sup.2
1981 1982 Mean 1981 1982 Mean
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56 X 22-8 296.sup.4
396 346 389 1501 945
Mary Washington
99.sup.
100 100 120 601 360
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TABLE 6
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Clinton, North Carolina. Soil virgin to asparagus.
Marketable Spears.sup.2 (two weeks)
1980 1981 1982 Mean
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56 X 22-8 1086.sup.4
2202 1707 1665
Robert Super.sup.3
253.sup.
721 694 556
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TABLE 7
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Guelph, Ontario, Canada. Soil virgin to asparagus.
Marketable Spears.sup.2 (two weeks)
1982
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56 X 22-8 1384.sup.4
Mary Washington
870.sup.
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.sup.1 Spears larger than 10/16" diameter, 9" long
.sup.2 Spears 6/16" and larger diameter, 9" long
.sup.3 Selection of Mary Washington
.sup.4 All data are pounds per acre
In the drawing attached hereto we have also supplied data which indicated thereon in reference to a stalk of a typical plant shown in black and white, in FIG. 1, and in FIG. 2 a typical plant in color as nearly representative as it is possible to make the same in an illustration of this kind, some of the details being obviously obscured and the color affected by density and light, though the illustration was made as a result of normal field conditions on a day of average sunlight.
ASPARAGUS PLANT NO. 56.times.22-8 MALE HYBRID "JERSEY GIANT" ______________________________________
Stalk Data
Number of nodes below first branch
24.1
Number of cm from crown to first branch
62.2
Number of branches 53
Number cm between first and last branch
129
Internode length in cm between branches
2.44
Number of cladophyll nodes beyond last branch
24.9
Number of cm beyond last branch
13.2
Internode length in cm beyond last branch
0.53
Largest stalk diameter in mm
17.6
Mature stalk color, bloom removed
22-13
Flower Data
Petal tip (yellow) 24-5
Petal base (brown) 29-13
Flower length in mm 6.74
Flower width at midpoint in mm
2.92
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.sup.(1) Color number, Munsell Limit Color Cascade, Munsell Color, Macbet
Color and Photometry Division, 2441 Calvert Street, Baltimore, Maryland
21218
We have caused our new variety "Jersey Giant" to be asexually reproduced in the vicinity of New Brunswick, N.J. and find that it does come true in successive generations.
Our new variety was asexually reproduced by crown division.
We also note that the female parent, No. 56, not being patented, is currently the subject matter of patent application as well as the variety No. 22-8 the male parent likewise.
We note that as is well known also the male plant is capable of greater yield for a longer period of time than the female plant and thus any male characteristics which are carried in the hybrid which we have set forth is described herein, will be of benefit and provide advantage in the market place.
Claims
1. A new and distinct variety of Asparagus Plant as herein shown and described, characterized as to novelty by the unique combination as an all male hybrid, of high yield ability, resistance to rust (Puccinia asparagi) and good field tolerance to root and crown rot (Fusarium oxysporum and F. moniliforme), with outstanding geographic adaptation, yielding well under widely varying conditions.
Type: Grant
Filed: Oct 21, 1983
Date of Patent: Sep 3, 1985
Assignee: Rutgers University (New Brunswick, NJ)
Inventors: J. Howard Ellison (Milltown, NJ), John J. Kinelski (Princeton, NJ)
Primary Examiner: Robert E. Bagwill
Attorney: Frank B. Robb
Application Number: 6/544,109
International Classification: A01H 500;
