Kentucky bluegrass `Ba 72-492`
A variety of Kentucky bluegrass having a high level of disease resistance, excellent turf performance in the sun and shade and a medium level of seed yield potential.
Latest The O. M. Scott & Sons Company Patents:
Kentucky bluegrasses have been disclosed in U.S. Plant Pat. No. 3,156 which issued on May 9, 1972; U.S. Plant Pat. No. 3,186 which issued on May 23, 1972; U.S. Plant Pat. No. 4,336 which issued on Nov. 28, 1978; U.S. Plant patent application, Ser. No. 872,537, filed June 10, 1986; U.S. Plant patent application, Ser. No. 910,146, filed Sept. 19, 1986; and U.S. Plant patent application, Ser. No. 028,424, filed of even date herewith.
SUMMARY OF THE VARIETYThe present invention relates to a new and distinct variety of Poa pratensis which has been designated Ba 72-492 Kentucky bluegrass.
Ba 72-492 plant material originated by crossing a Kentucky bluegrass plant ("Gnome") disclosed in U.S. Plant patent application Ser. No. 872,537, the seed parent, with a pollen parent plant. As a result of this breeding, a distinct variety was produced and asexually propagated by rhizomes, tillers and disseminules. Seed of Ba 72-492 was produced first at Marysville, Ohio and later at Gervais, Oreg.
Asexual reproduction of Ba 72-492 by propagules (tillers and rhizomes) and by disseminules (modified caryopses produced by apomixis) has consistently produced plants indistinguishable from the mother plant.
Ba 72-492 has a number of highly desirable characteristics including a good level of resistance to Helminthosporium spp that causes leaf spot, melting out and crown rot, Ustilago striiformis that causes stripe smut, Erysiphe graminis that causes powdery mildew, and Puccinia spp. that causes rust; an attractive leafy turf type growth habit; moderately wide leaf blades; an attractive green color which can be maintained throughout the entire growing season; good turf performance as evidenced by consistently high scores in tests throughout the U.S.A. and Canada; and a medium seed yield potential in the bluegrass seed production region of the U.S.A.
In comparison with its seed parent, Gnome, the new variety is more shade tolerant and has better resistance to powdery mildew and rust. In comparison to another Kentucky bluegrass (Ba 72-500) which is disclosed in U.S. Plant patent application Ser. No. 910,146 which also has Gnome as its seed parent, Ba 72-492 produces seeds that are shorter than Ba 72-500 and the panicle of Ba 72-492 does not nod as much as Ba 72-500.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGFIG. 1 is a photograph of Ba 72-492 Kentucky bluegrass plant in the vegetative stage including the extensive root and rhizome system;
FIG. 2 is a photograph of Ba 72-492 Kentucky bluegrass panicle; and
FIG. 3 is a photograph of Ba 72-492 Kentucky bluegrass seed.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE VARIETYBa 72-492 Kentucky bluegrass (Poa protensis L.) is perennial with creeping rhizomes forming a moderately dense turf. When plants overwinter in the field with freezing temperatures and then are brought into the greenhouse during late winter to continue growth undisturbed by clipping under moderate temperatures (60.degree.-80.degree. F.), culms are erect averaging 486 mm in length with an average of 2.2 nodes per culm. The uppermost internode averages 10.5 cm, and the peduncle averages 12.6 cm in length and 0.552 mm in thickness. The flag leaf averages 5.2 cm in length, 3.6 mm in width and 0.117 mm in thickness. The panicle is generally erect as opposed to nodding with an average length of 12.6 cm, width of 4.2 cm, and 5.5 whorls. The lowest whorl has an average of 4.0 branches and the third whorl from the bottom of the panicle has an average of 3.0 branches. The average spikelet at the tip of a branch in the lowest whorl is 5.2 mm in length and has 4.4 florets with an outer glume of 2.9 mm and an inner glume of 3.3 mm in length. A similar spikelet from the third whorl from the bottom of the panicle is 5.0 mm in length and has 4.2 florets with an outer glume of 3.0 mm and an inner glume of 3.3 mm in length. After the seed has been conditioned, the lemma has a generally smooth keel and almost no long fine hairs at the base. The seed of Ba 72-492 is 2.53 mm in length and 0.76 mm in width with approximately 1,275,740 seeds per pound. Comparisons of Ba 72-492 with other bluegrass varieties on seed dimensions are shown in Table 1 and on seed numbers per pound are shown in Table 2.
TABLE 1
______________________________________
Seed Measurements of Ba 72-492 and Other
Bluegrass Varieties After Conditioning
Length Width
Variety (mm) (mm)
______________________________________
Ba 72-492 2.53 0.76
Ba 70-139 2.86 0.78
Ba 72-500 2.77 0.80
Baron 3.07 0.86
Bristol 2.73 0.80
Nassau 2.96 0.78
Newport 2.76 0.71
Park 3.04 0.72
Ram I 3.51 0.84
Victa 3.20 0.86
LSD (.05) 0.19 0.06
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TABLE 2
______________________________________
Seed Counts per Pound of Ba 72-492 and
Other Bluegrass Varieties After Conditioning
Number of Seeds
Per Pound
______________________________________
Ba 72-492 1,275,740
Adelphi 1,383,976
America 1,659,824
Gnome 1,017,641
Baron 1,051,693
Birka 1,223,530
Bonnieblue 1,135,303
Bristol 1,270,821
Classic 1,250,316
Eclipse 1,335,668
Georgetown 1,232,913
Glade 1,108,441
Kenblue 1,463,923
Merit 1,109,728
Nassau 1,127,130
Newport 1,226,481
Park 1,248,349
Sydsport 1,355,644
Vantage 1,555,303
Victa 1,038,298
______________________________________
Since environmental conditions such as soil and climate may influence morphological characters to some extent, comparisons of morphological characteristics of Ba 72-492 are made with other Kentucky bluegrass varieties in Tables 3-7.
TABLE 3
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Morphological Comparisons of Ba 72-492 and Other
Bluegrass Varieties Grown As Unmowed Spaced Plants
in the Field at Marysville, Ohio.
Mature Plant
Leaf Blade
Panicle
Height Width Density
2 Year Mean
Annual 2 Year Mean
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Ba 74-492
40 2.4 52
A-34 63 2.4 61
Bristol 31 2.0 38
Glade 35 2.3 58
Kenblue 51 2.0 43
Merion 28 2.3 26
Nugget 23 2.1 34
Parade 53 3.0 67
Park 51 2.1 54
P-104 39 2.4 33
Vantage 54 2.3 52
Victa 38 2.5 49
______________________________________
Ratings:
Mature Plant Height (cm) includes panicles.
Leaf Blade Width 1-4, 4 = wide blade.
Panicle Density 1-100, 100 = high panicle density
TABLE 4
______________________________________
Morphological Comparison of Panicles of Ba 72-492 and Other
Bluegrass Varieties in the Greenhouse at Marysville, Ohio.
______________________________________
Number of
Panicle Panicle Panicle Whorls
Variety Nodding* Length (cm)
Width (cm)
Per Panicle
______________________________________
Ba 72-492
1.2 7.5 4.2 5.5
Ba 70-139
2.0 6.7 3.7 4.8
Ba 72-500
2.0 6.8 3.8 5.0
Baron 1.0 7.8 4.1 5.2
Bristol 2.0 9.7 5.0 5.0
Nassau 2.0 10.0 6.0 5.0
Newport 2.0 10.3 4.4 4.5
Park 1.6 9.0 3.7 4.0
Ram I 2.0 9.0 4.7 4.0
Victa 1.2 7.5 4.1 5.4
LSD (.05)
0.5 1.6 1.0 0.8
______________________________________
Peduncle Peduncle
Number of Branches Length Width
Variety Lower Whorl
Third Whorl
(cm) (mm)
______________________________________
Ba 72-492
4.0 3.0 12.6 0.558
Ba 70-139
3.8 2.7 13.2 0.610
Ba 72-500
4.0 2.4 12.9 0.660
Baron 3.8 2.5 12.7 0.559
Bristol 3.3 2.7 15.0 0.686
Nassau 3.0 2.0 8.0 0.533
Newport 2.3 2.3 18.0 0.558
Park 4.3 3.7 14.3 0.787
Ram I 2.5 2.0 18.5 0.610
Victa 4.4 3.4 12.2 0.711
LSD (.05)
0.7 0.8 3.7 0.018
______________________________________
*Panicle nodding rated 1 = erect, 2 = nodding.
TABLE 5
______________________________________
Morphological Comparison of Culms and Flag Leaves of
Ba 72-492 and Other Bluegrass Varieties in the Greenhouse
at Marysville, Ohio.
______________________________________
Flag Leaf Flag Leaf Flag Leaf
Variety Length (cm) Width (mm) Thickness (mm)
______________________________________
Ba 72-492
5.2 3.6 0.117
Ba 70-139
4.7 3.2 0.112
Ba 72-500
4.1 3.2 0.112
Baron 4.5 3.2 0.119
Bristol 5.5 3.4 0.127
Nassau 6.2 3.1 0.127
Newport 6.1 3.5 0.135
Park 4.2 2.6 0.109
Ram I 4.7 3.1 0.127
Victa 5.9 4.0 0.124
LSD (.05)
1.8 0.6 0.013
______________________________________
Top Internode
Culm Number of
Variety Length (cm) Length (mm) Nodes Per Culm
______________________________________
Ba 72-492
10.5 486 2.2
Ba 70-139
10.2 435 2.7
Ba 72-500
9.8 439 2.7
Baron 10.1 482 2.5
Bristol 11.3 522 2.7
Nassau 11.2 450 2.5
Newport 11.2 547 2.3
Park 13.0 578 3.0
Ram I 10.2 527 3.0
Victa 10.6 474 2.4
LSD (.05)
2.1 79 0.6
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TABLE 6
______________________________________
Morphological Comparison of Spikelets and Florets of Ba 72-492
and Other Bluegrass Varieties in the Greenhouse
at Marysville, Ohio.
______________________________________
Number of Florets
Spikelet per Spikelet
Length (mm) Lowest Third
Variety Lowest Whorl
Third Whorl
Whorl Whorl
______________________________________
Ba 72-492
5.2 5.0 4.4 4.2
Ba 70-139
5.2 5.2 4.2 4.0
Ba 72-500
5.1 5.0 4.2 3.9
Baron 5.0 5.0 3.7 3.8
Bristol 6.2 6.0 5.7 5.3
Nassau 4.6 4.6 4.5 4.5
Newport 5.3 5.2 5.2 5.2
Park 6.5 6.7 5.2 4.7
Ram I 4.7 5.2 5.2 5.5
Victa 5.2 5.0 3.8 3.8
LSD (.05)
0.9 0.8 1.1 1.0
______________________________________
Glume Length (mm)
Outer Inner
Lowest Lowest
Variety Whorl Third Whorl
Whorl Third Whorl
______________________________________
Ba 72-492
2.9 3.0 3.3 3.3
Ba 70-139
3.2 3.1 3.5 3.5
Ba 72-500
3.1 3.1 3.4 3.4
Baron 2.9 2.8 3.4 3.3
Bristol 3.4 3.3 3.7 3.9
Nassau 2.3 2.4 2.7 2.7
Newport 2.6 2.5 2.9 2.9
Park 3.0 3.2 3.5 3.7
Ram I 2.6 2.4 2.9 2.7
Victa 2.8 3.0 3.3 3.3
LSD (.05)
0.5 0.4 0.4 0.4
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TABLE 7
______________________________________
Morphological Comparison of Leaves of Ba 72-492 and Other
Bluegrass Varieties in the Greenhouse at Marysville, Ohio.
______________________________________
Leaf
Ligule Leaf Leaf Angle
Length Length Width (Degrees
Variety (mm) (mm) (mm) From Horizontal)
______________________________________
Ba 72-492
0.28 239 4.4 52
Ba 70-139
0.26 218 4.1 55
Ba 72-500
0.25 204 4.1 50
Baron 0.30 313 4.4 63
Bristol 0.30 253 4.3 37
Nassau 0.22 226 3.5 39
Newport 0.22 251 4.1 50
Park 0.33 329 4.2 44
Ram I 0.18 188 3.7 40
Victa 0.28 235 4.3 52
LSD (.05)
0.11 49 0.6 10
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Hairs.sup.a Around Ligule on
Hairs.sup.a on
Hairs.sup.b on
Variety Upper Surface of the Leaf
Collar Ligule
______________________________________
Ba 72-492
1.0 3.2 1.3
Ba 70-139
1.0 3.5 1.5
Ba 72-500
1.0 3.5 2.7
Baron 1.0 5.0 4.0
Bristol 1.3 4.7 4.3
Nassau 2.7 5.0 1.0
Newport 1.0 4.0 0.8
Park 1.0 1.7 0.0
Ram I 1.0 3.7 0.3
Victa 1.0 3.3 2.2
LSD (.05)
0.3 1.4 1.8
______________________________________
.sup.a Hairs around ligule and on collar rated 1- 5: 1 = none, 5 = many.
.sup.b Hairs on ligule rated 0-5: 0 = none, 5 = many.
Ba 72-492 has performed well throughout the U.S.A. and Canada as exhibited by high turf quality ratings in many different locations in comparison to other varieties as shown in Table 8.
TABLE 8
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Comparison of the Turf Quality of Ba 72-492 and Other Bluegrass
Varieties in the U.S.A. and Canada
______________________________________
St. Louis Winnipeg Beltsville
Adelphia
Missouri Manitoba Maryland New Jersey
1 Year 2 Year 1 Year 2 Year
Variety Mean Mean Mean Mean
______________________________________
Ba 72-492
3.2 6.4 5.7 6.2
A-34 6.6 5.6
Adelphi 2.9 5.9 6.4
Admiral 6.0
America 2.8
Aquila 7.1 5.7
Banff 4.8
Baron 2.7 6.2 5.3 6.4
Birka 2.3 5.9
Bonnieblue 5.0 6.7
Bono
Bristol 2.7 5.0 6.5
Cheri 5.1 6.0
Columbia 4.9 5.9
Eclipse 5.9 7.2
Enmundi 5.5 6.3
Fylking 4.9 5.7
Geary 3.6
Georgetown
Geronimo
Glade 2.8 5.3 6.7
Gnome 2.9 6.4
Kenblue 3.3
Melba 6.9
Merion 5.3 6.0
Merit 2.8 6.5 6.1 6.2
Midnight 5.5 7.3
Monopoly 4.9 5.7
Mosa
Mystic 6.6
Nassau 5.9 4.5 5.9
Newport
Nugget 7.1
Parade 5.0 5.6
Park 1.8
Ram I 4.6 6.2
Rugby
SD Common 3.2
Shasta 7.1 5.7
Sydsport 2.7 5.8 6.0
Touchdown
2.7 6.8 5.8 6.1
Trampas 6.3
Trenton
Vantage 2.6 5.5 3.6
Victa 2.8 5.5 6.5
Wabash 4.8
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Lincoln Gervais
Marysville
Nebraska Agassiz British
Oregon Ohio
2 Year Columbia 3 Year 5 Year
Variety Mean 1 Year Mean Mean Mean
______________________________________
Ba 72-492
6.0 5.5 2.6 2.8
A-34 6.2
Adelphi 6.1 2.4 2.7
Admiral
America 2.5
Aquila
Banff
Baron 5.6
Birka 5.9
Bonnieblue
5.8
Bono 5.2
Bristol 5.9 6.1 2.8 2.7
Cheri 6.3
Columbia
Eclipse 5.8
Enmundi 5.9
Fylking 6.1
Geary
Georgetown 4.9
Geronimo 5.1
Glade 6.4 2.5
Gnome 2.3
Kenblue 1.4
Melba 5.9
Merion 5.9 5.3
Merit 6.0 4.9 2.4
Midnight 5.9
Monopoly
Mosa
Mystic
Nassau
Newport 1.4
Nugget
Parade 6.5 2.7
Park 5.7 2.1
Ram I 5.9
Rugby
SD Common
Shasta
Sydsport 6.3
Touchdown
5.9
Trampas 5.7
Trenton 5.8 2.6
Vantage 5.7 2.2 2.6
Victa
Wabash
______________________________________
Prince Frederick
Somis Marysville
Maryland California Ohio
Variety 4 Year Mean 1 Year Mean
2 Year Mean
______________________________________
Ba 72-492
2.2 2.8 2.3
A-34
Adelphi 2.4 1.9
Admiral
America
Aquila
Banff
Baron 2.4
Birka 1.8
Bonnieblue
2.3
Bono 1.9
Bristol 2.3 3.0 2.1
Cheri
Columbia 2.5
Eclipse
Enmundi
Fylking
Geary
Georgetown
Geronimo
Glade 2.0
Gnome 2.0
Kenblue 1.8
Melba
Merion
Merit 2.3
Midnight 2.4
Monopoly
Mosa 2.3
Mystic
Nassau
Newport
Nugget
Parade
Park 2.0
Ram I 2.4
Rugby 2.2
SD Common
Shasta
Sydsport 2.0
Touchdown
Trampas
Trenton 2.4
Vantage 2.3
Victa 2.3 2.5 2.0
Wabash
______________________________________
Rating Scale: Larger number indicates higher quality.
In addition, Ba 72-492 tolerates shady growing conditions very well which is an important characteristic that allows an even broader range of use. Comparisons of Ba 72-492 and other varieties for shade performance are found in Table 9 and Table 10.
TABLE 9
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Turf Performance Ratings Under Natural Shade of
Ba 72-492 and Other Bluegrass Varieties at Marysville, Ohio
Quality 4 Yr
Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Year 4 Mean
______________________________________
Ba 72-492
2.2 2.6 2.5 2.6 2.5
Merion 1.8 1.6 2.0 1.8 1.8
Fylking 1.8 1.9 1.9 2.0 1.9
A-34 2.0 2.2 2.6 2.7 2.4
Park 1.7 1.8 1.9 2.0 1.9
Newport 1.9 1.7 1.9 2.1 1.9
Bristol 1.8 2.1 2.2 1.8 2.0
Enmundi 2.0 2.0 2.2 2.5 2.2
Bonnieblue
2.0 1.7 2.0 1.7 1.9
Touchdown
1.8 2.1 2.1 1.7 1.9
Aquila 1.8 1.7 1.7 2.1 1.8
Parade 1.8 2.0 2.2 1.8 2.0
Victa 2.0 1.5 1.8 2.0 1.8
LSD (.05) .46 .47
______________________________________
Rated 1-4, 4 = Best
TABLE 10
______________________________________
Turf Performance Ratings Under Natural Shade of Ba 72-492
and Other Bluegrass Varieties at Gervais, Oregon
______________________________________
Quality
Year 1 Year 2
June Aug. Oct. Mean Feb. Sept.
Mean
______________________________________
Ba 72-492
3.3 3.2 2.8 3.1 2.5 2.8 2.7
Bristol 2.5 2.8 2.3 2.6 3.0 1.7 2.4
Gnome 3.5 1.0 1.0 1.8 1.0 0.5 .8
Victa 2.8 1.8 1.7 2.1 2.0 1.8 1.9
LSD(.05)
.97 .97 .63 .95 .96
______________________________________
Year 3 Feb. Year 4 May 4 Yr Mean
______________________________________
Ba 72-492
2.2 1.8 2.5
Bristol 2.0 2.3 2.3
Gnome 1.3 2.3 1.6
Victa 1.8 1.0 1.7
LSD(.05)
.83 .80
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Rated 1-4, 4 = Best
The new variety has a pleasant medium green color which can be maintained throughout the growing season and widely scattered locations in the U.S.A. and Canada as shown by the comparative test results in Table 11.
TABLE 11
______________________________________
Comparison of Turf Color of Ba 72-492 and Other Bluegrass
Varieties at Various Locations in the U.S.A. and Canada.
______________________________________
Truro Agassiz
St. Louis
Nova Winnipeg
Lincoln
British
Missouri Scotia Manitoba
Nebraska
Columbia
1 Year 1 Year 1 Year 2 Year 1 Year
Variety Mean Mean Mean Mean Mean
______________________________________
Ba 72-492
9.2 7.1 7.2 7.0 5.7
A-34 6.3 6.5
Adelphi 9.4 7.2
America 9.4 7.0
Aquila 7.3 6.7
Baron 9.2 7.3 6.9
Birka 9.1 6.7
Bonnieblue 7.0
Bono 9.0 6.0
Bristol 9.5 7.3 7.0
Cheri 7.0
Eclipse 7.0
Enmundi 7.0
Fylking 6.8
Georgetown 6.2
Geronimo 5.8
Glade 9.3 7.1
Gnome 9.3 7.5
Kenblue
Melba 6.9
Merion 6.9 5.7
Merit 9.2 7.2 7.0 6.5
Midnight 8.1 7.9
Mystic 6.5
Nassau 7.2
Newport
Nugget 7.3
Parade 6.8
Park 9.0 6.1
Ram I 7.3
Rugby 6.8
Shasta 7.2
Sydsport 9.2 7.0
Touchdown
9.0 6.6 6.8
Trampas 6.9
Vantage 9.2 6.8
Victa 9.2 7.5 6.9
______________________________________
Prince
Gervais Marysville
Frederick
Somis
Oregon Ohio Maryland California
3 Year 4 Year 4 Year 1 Year
Variety Mean Mean Mean Mean
______________________________________
Ba 72-492
6.9 7.2 7.6 6.7
A-34
Adelphi 7.6 7.4
America 7.6 6.5
Aquila
Baron
Birka 6.3
Bonnieblue
Bono 6.2
Bristol 9.3 7.8 8.3 7.6
Cheri
Eclipse
Enmundi
Fylking 6.6
Georgetown
Geronimo
Glade 8.3 8.0 7.0
Gnome 7.4
Kenblue 6.6 7.2 5.8
Melba
Merion 6.9
Merit 7.4 7.1 7.4 5.8
Midnight 5.5
Mystic
Nassau
Newport 7.5 7.0 6.0
Nugget
Parade
Park 6.8
Ram I 7.3
Rugby 6.7
Shasta
Sydsport 7.1
Touchdown
Trampas
Vantage 6.9 6.8 5.7
Victa 7.1 7.1 7.6 6.0
______________________________________
Rating Scale: Larger number indicates darker green color.
Turf diseases are one of the major causes of inconsistent and poor turf performance among locations and years. Comparisons of resistance to leaf spot (also known as melting out and crown rot) caused by Helminthosporium vagans, powdery mildew caused by Erysiphe graminis, rust caused by Puccinia spp., dollarspot caused by Sclerotina homeocarpa, and red thread caused by Corticium fuciform are presented in Tables 12,13,14,15,16 and 17, respectively.
TABLE 12
______________________________________
Comparison of Leafspot Disease Incidence on Ba 72-492 and
Other Bluegrasses at Several Locations in the U.S.A. and
______________________________________
Canada.
Agassiz.sup.c
St. Louis.sup.a
Beltsville.sup.b
Adelphia.sup.b
British
Missouri Maryland New Jersey
Columbia
1 Year 1 Year 1 Year 1 Year
Variety Mean Mean Mean Mean
______________________________________
Ba 72-492
3 8.3 6.3 3.0
A-34 5.3 4.3
Adelphi 2 8.0 5.7
America 8
Aquila 6.3
Banff 5.3 7.0
Baron 2 7.0 8.7
Birka 5 6.3
Bonnieblue 7.0
Bono 7 3.0
Bristol 2 7.0 8.3 2.3
Cheri 6.3
Columbia 5.7 6.3
Eclipse 7.7 9.0
Enmundi 7.0
Fylking 6.7 6.3
Geary 2.0
Georgetown 4.3
Geronimo 4.7
Glade 2 7.3 6.3
Gnome 2 7.0 8.0
Kenblue 3.3 1.7
Merion 6.3 7.7 3.0
Merit 3 7.3 7.7
Midnight 7.0 7.0
Monopoly 5.3 6.0
Nassau 7.7 7.4
Newport
Parade 6.0 5.0
Park 52
Ram I 6.5 7.0
Regent 3.7
Rugby 5.0
Shasta 6.0
Sydsport 3 7.3 6.3
Touchdown
7 7.7
Trenton 6.0
Vantage 7 5.0 2.0
Victa 2 8.0 7.0
Wabash 2.0
LSD (.05)
7 1.9
______________________________________
Marysville.sup.1
Marysville.sup.a
Gervais.sup.a Oregon
Ohio Ohio(Shade)
Variety 3 Year Mean 5 Year Mean
1 Year Mean
______________________________________
Ba 72-492
22 4 0
A-34
Adelphi 46 9
America 29 0
Aquila
Banff
Baron
Birka 0
Bonnieblue
Bono
Bristol 8 5 2
Cheri
Columbia
Eclipse
Enmundi
Fylking
Geary
Georgetown
Geronimo
Glade 46 0
Gnome 76 0
Kenblue 75 67
Merion
Merit 65
Midnight
Monopoly
Nassau
Newport 45
Parade 10
Park 54
Ram I
Regent
Rugby
Shasta
Sydsport
Touchdown 0
Trenton
Vantage 15
Victa 70 7 0
Wabash
LSD (.05)
15 5 4
______________________________________
Ratings
.sup.a % of turf affected by disease
.sup.b 1-9, 9 = least disease
.sup.c 1-9, 9 = most disease
TABLE 13
______________________________________
Comparison of Powdery Mildew Disease Incidence on
Ba 72-492 and Other Bluegrasses.
______________________________________
Gervais Natural Shade.sup.b
Oregon Marysville Ohio
Marysville Ohio
Variety 1 Year Mean
3 Year Mean 2 Year Mean
______________________________________
Ba 72-492
5 3 5
A-34
Adelphi
America 7
Banff 15
Birka 2
Bristol 3 10 1
Eclipse 3
Geronimo 40
Glade 37 21
Gnome 78 61
Kenblue 2
Merion
Monopoly 2
Mosa
Newport 33
Nugget
Parade
Park
Rugby 15
Touchdown 0
Vantage
Victa 35 47 52
LSD (.05)
21 16 6
______________________________________
Spaced Plants - Sun.sup.b
Prince Frederick Maryland
Marysville Ohio
Variety 1 Year Mean 2 Year Mean
______________________________________
Ba 72-492
2 14
A-34 2 52
Adelphi 12 23
America
Banff
Birka
Bristol 1 15
Eclipse
Geronimo
Glade 57 8
Gnome
Kenblue 20
Merion 12
Monopoly
Mosa 58
Newport
Nugget 5
Parade 5
Park 15
Rugby
Touchdown
Vantage 34
Victa 25 14
LSD (.05)
13
______________________________________
.sup.a Rated 0-9,9 = least disease
.sup.b Rated as % of turf affected by disease
TABLE 14
______________________________________
Comparison of Stem Rust (Puccinia graminis)
Disease Incidence on Ba 72-492 and Other
Bluegrasses at Adelphia, New Jersey
______________________________________
Ba 72-492
7.9
Midnight
7.0
Columbia
6.7
Banff 6.5
Bristol 7.7
Parade 6.2
Monopoly
7.1
Ram I 7.0
Victa 5.6
Merit 5.7
Baron 6.4
Nassau 6.8
Eclipse 4.7
Aquila 6.9
Bonnieblue
5.4
Adelphi 7.1
America 7.4
Vantage 6.2
Touchdown
3.5
Birka 3.5
Merion 2.4
LSD (.05)
0.9
______________________________________
Rated 1-9, 9 = No disease
TABLE 15
______________________________________
Comparison of Rust (Puccinia spp.) Disease
Incidence on Ba 72-492 and Other Bluegrasses.
Unmowed Spaced
Turf Gervais.sup.b
Plants
Aggasiz.sup.a
Oregon Marysville.sup.b
British Columbia
1 Year Ohio
Variety 2 Year Mean Mean 2 Year Mean
______________________________________
Ba 72-492
1.2 2 9
A-34 12
Adelphi 23 10
America 9
Bono 2.1
Bristol 1.2 6 17
Geronimo
1.5
Glade 4 11
Gnome 13
Kenblue 30 23
Merion 2.8 16
Merit 2.9 8
Newport 23
Nugget 12
Parade 15
Park 25
Vantage 36
Victa 9 14
LSD (.05) 12
______________________________________
.sup.a Rated 1-9, 9 = most disease
.sup.b Rated as % of disease incidence
TABLE 16
______________________________________
Comparison of Dollarspot Incidence
on Ba 72-492 and Other Bluegrasses.
Prince Frederick
Marysville
Variety Maryland Ohio
______________________________________
Ba 72-492 9 60
Adelphi 8 20
America 13
Baron 50 23
Birka 6 47
Bonnieblue 10
Bono 4 63
Bristol 6 17
Columbia 10
Eclipse 8
Glade 40
Gnome 22
Kenblue 8 37
Merit 4
Midnight 6
Park 33
Ram I 40
Rugby 12
Sydsport 43
Touchdown 50
Trenton 28
Vantage 11 15
Victa 5 23
Wabash 11
LSD (.05) 19 24
______________________________________
Rating: % of turf that is affected by disease.
TABLE 17
______________________________________
Comparison of Red Thread Disease
Incidence on Ba 72-492 and Other
Bluegrasses at Gervais, Oregon.
Red Thread
______________________________________
Ba 72-492 7
Victa 10
Bristol 0
Glade 15
Adelphi 0
Kenblue 23
Newport 3
America 2
Merit 7
Gnome 0
LSD (.05) 13
______________________________________
Rating: % of turf affected by disease
Tests in Maryland and Ohio indicate that Ba 72-492 is not highly susceptible to stripe smut caused by Ustilago striiformis since some unreleased selections of bluegrass had a high incidence of stripe smut but Ba 72-492 was not affected.
The new variety has a low growth habit and a slower vertical growth rate than many varieties and especially the common type of varieties such as Park, Kenblue and Newport, as indicated by comparisons in Table 18, which should allow it to tolerate lower mowing heights and possibly decrease the total number of mowings per year without sacrificing overall turf performance.
TABLE 18
______________________________________
Comparison of Growth Habit of Ba 72-492 and
Other Bluegrasses at Marysville, Ohio.
Test 1 Test 2 Test 3
Variety 1 Year Mean.sup.a
2 Year Mean.sup.a
3 Year Mean.sup.b
______________________________________
Ba 72-492
2.0 1.4 74
Adelphi 2.0 2.4
America 1.8
Baron 1.8
Birka 2.0
Bono 2.0
Bristol 2.0 2.0 74
Eclipse 2.0
Fylking 93
Glade 2.2
Gnome 2.0
Kenblue 2.9 96
Merion 78
Merit 84
Newport 100
Parade 2.2
Park 2.9 2.2
Sydsport 1.9 72
Touchdown
2.0
Vantage 2.7 2.0 84
Victa 1.9 2.0 77
LSD (.05)
0.3 0.5 12
______________________________________
.sup.a Rated 1-5, 5 = high growth, 1 = dwarf.
.sup.b Rated as height (mm) of turf about one week after last mowing.
The leaf texture of Ba 72-492 is similar to many bluegrass varieties when maintained under mowed turf conditions as the comparisons show in Table 19.
TABLE 19
______________________________________
Comparison of Leaf Texture of Ba 72-492 and Other
Bluegrasses Under Mowed Turf Conditions.
St. Louis Agassiz Marysville
Variety Missouri British Columbia
Ohio
______________________________________
Ba 72-492
4.0 6.0 5.0
Adelphi 5.3
America 6.0
Baron 4.6
Birka 6.0
Bono 5.6 6.7
Bristol 5.3 7.0 5.0
Fylking 5.8
Geronimo 5.7
Glade 6.0
Gnome 4.3
Kenblue 5.5
Merion 6.3 5.0
Merit 4.3 5.0 5.0
Newport 5.0
Park 6.0
Sydsport
5.0 5.0
Touchdown
5.0
Vantage 6.0 5.3
Victa 4.4 4.8
LSD (.05)
0.7 0.4
______________________________________
Rating: 1-9, 9 = finest texture.
Ba 72-492 has a medium level of seed yielding ability which should make it an economically feasible variety to produce for commercial markets as shown in Table 20.
TABLE 20
______________________________________
Seed Yield Comparisons of Ba 72-492 and Other Bluegrass
Varieties in Oregon
Gervais La Grande
Year Year Year Madras
Variety 1 2 Mean 1 Year 2
Mean Year 1
______________________________________
Ba 72-492
585 864 725 1025 846 936 875
Ba 72-500
559 757 658 876 857 867 1113
Victa 780 1394 1087 1419 1200 1310 1324
Newport 435 1256 846
Bristol 347 808 578 1089 970 1030
Mosa 322 1060 691
Julia 296 1016 656 1194
Trampas 388
LSD (.05)
140 134 149 181 220
______________________________________
Ratings: Pounds per acre of conditioned seed.
The low susceptibility of Ba 72-492 to rust and lodging under typical seed field conditions should aid in producing economical seed crops as noted by the comparative results on Table 21.
TABLE 21
______________________________________
Plant Characteristics of Ba 72-492 and Other Bluegrass Varieties
at Gervais, Oregon Under Seed Production Conditions.
Rust Lodging
Year 1 Year 1 Year 2
______________________________________
Ba 72-492 1 2.5 0.2
Victa 2 2.0 0
Bristol 4 4.0 1
Newport 4 4.0 1
Mosa 4 2.0 0
Julia 4 5.0 4
______________________________________
Ratings
Rust: 1-4, 4 = very susceptible
Lodging: 0-5, 5 = severe lodging
Claims
1. A variety of Kentucky bluegrass plant, substantially as shown and described, characterized particularly by a high level of resistance to diseases, a desirable green color throughout the growing season, a high quality persistent turf under a wide range of environmental conditions including shady conditions and a medium level of seed yielding capacity.
Type: Grant
Filed: Mar 17, 1987
Date of Patent: Jan 17, 1989
Assignee: The O. M. Scott & Sons Company (Marysville, OH)
Inventors: Virgil D. Meier (Marysville, OH), Eugene W. Mayer (Marysville, OH)
Primary Examiner: James R. Feyrer
Application Number: 7/27,285
International Classification: A01H 500;
