Kentucky bluegrass--BA 70-139
A variety of Kentucky bluegrass having a high level of disease resistance, excellent turf performance in the sun and shade and a high level of seed yield potential.
Latest The O.M. Scott & Sons Company Patents:
Kentucky bluegrasses have been disclosed in U.S. Plant Pat. No. 3,156 which issued on May 9, 1972; U.S. Plant Pat. No. 3,186 which issued on May 23, 1972; U.S. Plant Pat. No., 4,336 which issued on Nov. 28, 1978; U.S. Plant patent application, Ser. No. 872,537, filed June 10, 1986; U.S. Plant patent application, Ser. No. 910,146, filed Sept. 19, 1986 and U.S. Plant patent application, Ser. No. 027,285, filed of even date herewith.
SUMMARY OF THE VARIETYThe present invention relates to a new and distinct variety of Poa pratensis which has been designated Ba 70-139 Kentucky bluegrass.
Ba 70-139 plant material originated by crossing a Kentucky bluegrass plant ("Gnome") disclosed in U.S. Plant patent application Ser. No. 872,537, the seed parent, with a pollen parent plant. As a result of this breeding, a distinct variety was produced and asexually propagated by rhizomes, tillers and disseminules.
Ba 70-139 Kentucky bluegrass reproduced asexually by propagules, i.e., by tillers and rhizomes and by disseminules (modified caryopses produced by apomoxis). Progeny plants have been consistently produced which are indistinguishable from the mother plant.
Ba 70-139 has a number of highly desirable characteristics including a good level of resistance to Helminthosporium spp. that causes leaf spot, melting out, and crown rot; Ustilago striiformis that causes stripe smut; Erysiphe graminis that causes powdery mildew; and Puccinia spp. that causes rust; an attractive leafy turf type growth habit; moderately wide leaf blades; an attractive green color which can be maintained throughout the entire growing season; good turf performance as evidenced by consistently high scores in tests throughout the U.S.A. and Canada, and a high seed yield potential in the bluegrass seed production region of the U.S.A.
In comparison with its seed parent, Gnome, the new variety is more shade tolerant and has better resistance to powdery mildew and rust. In comparison to the Kentucky bluegrass ("Ba 72-492") disclosed in U.S. Plant patent application, Ser. No. 027,285, filed of even date herewith and the Kentucky bluegrass ("72-500") disclosed in U.S. Plant patent application, Ser. No. 910,146, filed Sept. 19, 1986, both of which also have Gnome as their seed parent, Ba 70-139 produces seeds that are longer, has panicles that nod more, and has peduncles that are thicker than Ba 72-492; and Ba 70-139 has peduncles that are thinner and a seed yield that is higher than Ba 72-500.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGFIG. 1 is a photograph of Ba 70-139 Kentucky bluegrass plant in the vegetative stage including the extensive root and rhizome system;
FIG. 2 is a photograph of Ba 70-139 Kentucky bluegrass panicle;
FIG. 3 is a photograph of Ba 70-139 Kentucky bluegrass seed; and
FIG. 4 is a photograph of Ba 70-139 Kentucky bluegrass turf.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE VARIETYBa 70-139 Kentucky bluegrass (Poa pratensis L.) is perennial with creeping rhizomes forming a moderately dense turf. When plants overwinter in the field with freezing temperatures and then are brought into the greenhouse during late winter to continue growth undisturbed by clipping under moderate temperatures (60-80 degrees F.), culms are erect averaging 435 mm in length with an average of 2.7 nodes per culm. The uppermost internode averages 10.2 cm, and the peduncle averages 13.2 cm in length and 0.610 mm in thickness. The flag leaf averages 4.7 cm in length, 3.2 mm in width, and 0.112 mm in thickness. The panicle is generally nodding with an average length of 6.7 cm, width of 3.7 cm, and 4.8 whorls. The lowest whorl has an average of 3.8 branches and the third whorl from the bottom of the panicle has an average of 2.7 branches. The average spikelet at the tip of a branch in the lowest whorl is 5.2 mm in length and has 4.2 florets with an outer glume of 3.2 mm and an inner glume of 3.5 mm in length. A similar spikelet from the third whorl from the bottom of the panicle is 5.2 mm in length and has 4.0 florets with an outer glume of 3.1 mm and an inner glume of 3.5 mm in length. After the seed has been conditioned, the lemma has a generally smooth keel and almost no long, fine hairs at the base. The seed of Ba 70-139 is 2.86 mm in length and 0.78 mm in width with approximately 1,246,200 seeds per pound. Comparisons of Ba 70-139 with other bluegrasses varieties on seed measurements and on seed counts per pound are found in Tables 1 and 2.
TABLE 1
______________________________________
Seed Measurements of Ba 70-139
and Other Bluegrass Varieties After
Conditioning.
Length Width
Variety (mm) (mm)
______________________________________
Ba 70-139 2.86 0.78
Ba 72-492 2.53 0.76
Ba 72-500 2.77 0.80
Baron 3.07 0.86
Bristol 2.73 0.80
Nassau 2.96 0.78
Newport 2.76 0.71
Park 3.04 0.72
Ram I 3.51 0.84
Victa 3.20 0.86
LSD(.05) 0.19 0.06
______________________________________
TABLE 2
______________________________________
Comparison of Seed Counts Per Pound
of Ba 70-139 and Other Bluegrass
Varieties After Conditioning.
______________________________________
Ba 70-139
1,246,200
Adelphi 1,383,976
America 1,659,824
Gnome 1,017,641
Baron 1,051,693
Birka 1,223,530
Bonnieblue
1,135,303
Bristol 1,270,821
Eclipse 1,335,668
Glade 1,108,441
Kenblue 1,463,923
Merit 1,109,728
Nassau 1,127,130
Newport 1,226,481
Park 1,248,349
Sydsport
1,355,644
Vantage 1,555,303
Victa 1,038,298
______________________________________
Since environmental conditions such as soil and climate may influence morphological characters to some extent, comparisons of morphological characteristics of Ba 70-139 are made with other Kentucky bluegrass varieties in Table 3-10.
TABLE 3
______________________________________
Morphological Comparison of Panicles
of Ba 70-139 and Other Bluegrass Varieties
in the Greenhouse at Marysville, Ohio
Number
Panicle Panicle Panicle Number of
of Branches
Nod- Length Width Whorls Lower Third
Variety
ding* (cm) (cm) Per Panicle
Whorl Whorl
______________________________________
Ba 70-139
2.0 6.7 3.7 4.8 3.8 2.7
Ba 72-492
1.2 7.5 4.2 5.5 4.0 3.0
Ba 72-500
2.0 6.8 3.8 5.0 4.0 2.4
Baron 1.0 7.8 4.1 5.2 3.8 2.5
Bristol
2.0 9.7 5.0 5.0 3.3 2.7
Nassau 2.0 10.0 6.0 5.0 3.0 2.0
Newport
2.0 10.3 4.4 4.5 2.3 2.3
Park 1.6 9.0 3.7 4.0 4.3 3.7
Ram I 2.0 9.0 4.7 4.0 2.5 2.0
Victa 1.2 7.5 4.1 5.4 4.4 3.4
LSD 0.5 1.6 1.0 0.8 0.7 0.8
(.05)
______________________________________
*Panicle nodding rated 1 = erect, 2 = nodding.
TABLE 4
______________________________________
Morphological Comparison of Spikelets
of Ba 70-139 and Other Bluegrass Varieties
in the Greenhouse at Marysville, Ohio.
Spikelet Number of Florets
Length (mm) per Spikelet
Lowest Third Lowest
Third
Variety Whorl Whorl Whorl Whorl
______________________________________
Ba 70-139 5.2 5.2 4.2 4.0
Ba 72-492 5.2 5.0 4.4 4.2
Ba 72-500 5.1 5.0 4.2 3.9
Baron 5.0 5.0 3.7 3.8
Bristol 6.2 6.0 5.7 5.3
Nassau 4.6 4.6 4.5 4.5
Newport 5.3 5.2 5.2 5.2
Park 6.5 6.7 5.2 4.7
Ram I 4.7 5.2 5.2 5.5
Victa 5.2 5.0 3.8 3.8
LSD(.05) 0.9 0.8 1.1 1.0
______________________________________
TABLE 5
______________________________________
Morphological Comparison of Glumes
of Ba 70-139 and Other Bluegrass Varieties
in the Greenhouse at Marysville, Ohio.
Glume Length (mm)
Outer Inner
Lowest Lowet
Variety Whorl Third Whorl Whorl Third Whorl
______________________________________
Ba 70-139
3.2 3.1 3.5 3.5
Ba 72-492
2.9 3.0 3.3 3.3
Ba 72-500
3.1 3.1 3.4 3.4
Baron 2.9 2.8 3.4 3.3
Bristol 3.4 3.3 3.7 3.9
Nassau 2.3 2.4 2.7 2.7
Newport 2.6 2.5 2.9 2.9
Park 3.0 3.2 3.5 3.7
Ram I 2.6 2.4 2.9 2.7
Victa 2.8 3.0 3.3 3.3
LSD(.05) 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.4
______________________________________
TABLE 6
______________________________________
Morphological Comparison of Flag Leaves
of Ba 70-139 and Other Bluegrass Varieties
in the Greenhouse at Marysville, Ohio.
Flag Leaf Flag Leaf Flag Leaf
Length Width Thickness
Variety (cm) (mm) (mm)
______________________________________
Ba 70-139 4.7 3.2 0.112
Ba 72-492 5.2 3.6 0.117
Ba 72-500 4.1 3.2 0.112
Baron 4.5 3.2 0.119
Bristol 5.5 3.4 0.127
Nassau 6.1 3.1 0.127
Newport 6.2 3.5 0.135
Park 4.2 2.6 0.109
Ram I 4.7 3.1 0.127
Victa 5.9 4.0 0.124
LSD(.05) 1.8 0.6 0.013
______________________________________
TABLE 7
______________________________________
Morphological Comparison of Peduncles, Culms,
and Internodes of Ba 70-139 and Other Bluegrass
Varieties in the Greenhouse at Marysville, Ohio.
Pe- Top
duncle Peduncle Culm Number of
Internode
Length Width Length
Nodes Per
Length
Variety (cm) (mm) (mm) Culm (cm)
______________________________________
Ba 70-139
13.2 0.610 435 2.7 10.2
Ba 72-492
12.6 0.558 486 2.2 10.5
Ba 72-500
12.9 0.660 439 2.7 9.8
Baron 12.7 0.559 482 2.5 10.1
Bristol 15.0 0.686 522 2.7 11.3
Nassau 8.0 0.533 450 2.5 11.2
Newport 18.0 0.558 547 2.3 11.2
Park 14.3 0.787 578 3.0 13.0
Ram I 18.5 0.610 527 3.0 10.2
Victa 12.2 0.711 474 2.4 10.6
LSD(.05)
3.7 0.018 79 0.6 2.1
______________________________________
TABLE 8
______________________________________
Morphological Comparison of Leaves of
Ba 70-139 and Other Bluegrass Varieties
in the Greenhouse at Marysville, Ohio.
Leaf
Ligule Leaf Leaf Angle
Length Length Width (Degrees
Variety (mm) (mm) (mm) From Horizontal)
______________________________________
Ba 70-139
0.26 218 4.1 55
Ba 72-492
0.28 239 4.4 52
Ba 72-500
0.25 204 4.1 50
Baron 0.30 313 4.4 63
Bristol 0.30 253 4.3 37
Nassau 0.22 226 3.5 39
Newport 0.22 251 4.1 50
Park 0.33 329 4.2 44
Ram I 0.18 188 3.7 40
Victa 0.28 235 4.3 52
LSD(.05)
0.11 49 0.6 10
______________________________________
TABLE 9
______________________________________
Morphological Comparison of Leaf Hairs
of Ba 70-139 and Other Bluegrass Varieties
in the Greenhouse at Marysville, Ohio.
Hairs.sup.a Around
Ligule on
Upper Surface Hairs.sup.a on
Hairs.sup.b on
Variety of the Leaf Collar Ligule
______________________________________
Ba 70-139 1.0 3.5 1.5
Ba 72-492 1.0 3.2 1.3
Ba 72-500 1.0 3.5 2.7
Baron 1.0 5.0 4.0
Bristol 1.3 4.7 4.3
Nassau 2.7 5.0 1.0
Newport 1.0 4.0 0.8
Park 1.0 1.7 0.0
Ram I 1.0 3.7 0.3
Victa 1.0 3.3 2.2
LSD(.05) 0.3 1.4 1.8
______________________________________
.sup.a hairs around ligule and on collar rated 1-5: 1 = none, 5 = many
.sup.b Hairs on ligule rated 0-5: 0 = none, 5 = many
TABLE 10
______________________________________
Morphological Comparisons of Ba 70-139 and
Other Bluegrass Varieties Grown as Unmowed
Spaced Plants in the Field at Marysville, Ohio.
Mature
Plant Height Panicle Density
Seedhead Weight
______________________________________
Ba 70-139
35 5 402
Adelphi
42 3 345
Nugget 17 3 233
Bristol
40 4 511
Merion 25 2 320
Glade 20 3 214
Vantage
52 2 1019
Victa 23 2 648
______________________________________
Ratings: Mature Plant Height (cm) includes panicle Panicle Density 1-10,
10 = high panicle density Seedhead Weight Weight (mg) of 3 panicles
Ba 70-139 has performed well throughout the U.S.A. and Canada, as exhibited by high turf quality ratings in many different locations in comparison to other varieties. In addition, Ba 70-139 tolerates shady growing conditions very well, which is an important characteristic that allows an even broader range of use. The new variety has a pleasant medium green color which can be maintained throughout the growing season and widely scattered locations in the U.S.A. and Canada. The color of Ba 70-139 is enhanced compared to other varieties when grown in the shade due to its high tolerance to the various stresses and diseases that occur frequently under shady conditions. Comparisons of Ba 70-139 with other varieties for quality, color, and shade performance are shown in Tables 11-14.
TABLE 11
______________________________________
Comparison of the Turf Quality of BA 70-139
and Other Bluegrass Varieties in the U.S.A.
______________________________________
St. Louis Adelphia Marysville
Missouri New Jersey
Ohio
1 Year 2 Year 5 Year
Variety Mean Mean Mean
______________________________________
BA 70-139 3.2 6.1 2.3
America 2.8
Adelphi 2.9 6.4 2.3
Banff
Baron 2.7 6.4 2.3
Birka 2.3 5.9
Bonnieblue 6.7
Bristol 2.7 6.5
Columbia 5.9
Eclipse 7.2
Flyking 5.7
Glade 2.8 6.7 2.3
Gnome 2.9 6.4 2.2
Kenblue 3.3
Merion 6.0 2.1
Merit 2.8 6.2
Midnight 7.3
Monopoly 5.7
Nassau 5.9
Newport 2.0
Nugget 2.4
Parade 5.6
Park 1.8
Ram I 6.2
Sydsport 2.7 6.0
Touchdown 2.7 6.1
Vantage 2.6 3.6 2.1
Victa 2.8 6.5 2.3
Wabash 4.8
Windsor 2.0
______________________________________
Maryland
Gervais Prince
Oregon Beltsville
Frederick
1 Year 1 Year 1 Year
Variety Mean Mean Mean
______________________________________
Ba 70-139 2.9 5.8 2.4
America
Adelphi 2.8 5.9 2.0
Banff 4.8
Baron 5.3
Birka
Boonieblue 5.0 1.1
Bristol 3.0 5.0 1.5
Columbia 4.9
Eclipse 5.9
Flyking 4.9
Glade 5.3 1.3
Gnome
Kenblue
Merion 5.3 1.2
Merit 6.1 1.5
Midnight 5.5
Monopoly 4.9
Nassau 4.5
Newport
Nugget
Parade 5.0
Park 1.8 1.3
Ram I 2.4 4.6
Sydsport 5.8
Touchdown 5.8
Vantage 5.5 2.0
Victa 2.7 5.5 1.6
Wabash
Windsor
______________________________________
Rating Scale: Larger number indicates higher quality.
TABLE 12
______________________________________
Comparison of Turf Color of Ba 70-139
and Other Bluegrass Varieties at
Various Locations in the U.S.A.
Somis Prince Marys-
St. Louis
Cal- Gervais Frederick
ville
Missouri ifornia Oregon Maryland
Ohio
1 Year 1 Year 2 Year 1 Year 3 Year
Variety Mean Mean Mean Mean Mean
______________________________________
Ba 70-139
9.1 6.3 8.7 6.9 8.5
Adelphi 9.4 6.5 9.6 6.7 8.7
America 9.4
Baron 9.2
Birka 9.1 6.3
Bono 9.0 6.2
Bristol 9.5 7.6 9.5 7.3
Fylking 8.4
Glade 9.3 7.0 7.4 8.8
Gnome 9.3 8.7
Kenblue 5.8
Merion 4.7 8.4
Merit 5.8
Midnight 5.5
Newport 6.0 8.3
Nugget 8.8
Park 9.0 6.9 5.5
Ram I 7.3 8.6
Rugby 6.7
Sydsport
9.2
Touchdown
9.0
Vantage 9.2 5.7 6.3 8.4
Victa 9.2 6.0 8.5 6.8 8.7
Windsor 8.4
LSD(.05)
0.3 0.2
______________________________________
Rating Scale: Larger number indicates darker green color.
TABLE 13
______________________________________
Turf Performance Ratings Under Natural Shade
of Ba 70-139 and Other Bluegrass Varieties.
Marysville
Prince Frederick Ohio
Maryland Test 1 Test 2
Test 3
Test 4
3 Year 4 Year 4 Year
4 Year
2 Year
Variety Mean Mean Mean Mean Mean
______________________________________
Ba 70-139
2.1 2.6 2.4 3.1 2.6
Adelphi 2.6 2.0
Banff 2.4
Birka 2.2
Bonniblue 1.9 1.9
Bristol 1.8 2.4 2.0 2.6 1.7
Flyking 1.9 1.5
Glade 2.1 2.5 1.5
Merion 1.8 2.2 1.7
Monopoly 2.8 2.4
Nassau 1.9
Newport 1.2 1.8 1.9
Nugget 2.3
Parade 2.0 2.3
Park 1.9 1.8
Ram I 2.0
Rugby 2.2
Sydsport 2.5
Touchdown 1.9 2.1
Vantage 1.8 2.2
Victa 1.2 1.7 1.8 2.0 1.5
Wabash 2.2
Windsor 1.7
______________________________________
Rated 1-4, 4 = Best
TABLE 14
______________________________________
Comparison of Turf Color Under
Natural Shade Conditions of Ba 70-139
and Other Bluegrass Varieties.
Prince Frederick
Marysville Maryland
Ohio 3 Year
Test 1 Test 2 Test 3 Test 4
Mean
______________________________________
Ba 70-139
8.8 8.3 8.3 8.2 8.2
Adelphi 7.8 7.9
America 7.5
Banff 8.3
Bonnieblue
8.5 7.5
Bristol 8.4 7.8 7.5 7.9 8.2
Flyking 8.1
Glade 8.0 7.5 8.1
Merion 8.3 8.1
Monopoly 8.3 7.8
Mystic 7.8
Nassau 8.0
Newport 8.3 7.5 8.2 5.5
Nugget 8.3
Parade 8.2
Park 8.1 7.0 7.8
Ram I 7.8 8.0
Rugby 8.3
Sydsport 7.5
Touchdown
8.3
Vantage 8.0
Victa 8.3 8.0 7.9 8.1 6.0
Wabash 7.5 8.0
LSD(.05) 0.4 0.7 0.3
______________________________________
Rated 1-9, 9 = darkest green
Turf diseases are one of the major causes of inconsistent and poor turf performance among locations and years. Comparisons of resistance to leaf spot (also known as melting out and crown rot) caused by Helminthosporium vagans, powdery mildew caused by Erysiphe graminis, rust caused by Puccinia spp., dollarspot caused by Sclerotina homeocarpa, and stripe smut caused by Ustilago striiformis, are presented in Tables 15-21.
TABLE 15
______________________________________
Comparison of Leafspot Disease Incidence on Ba 70-139 and -Other
Bluegrasses at Several Locations in the U.S.A.
______________________________________
St. Louis.sup.a
Beltsville.sup.b
Adelphia.sup.b
Variety Missouri Maryland New Jersey
______________________________________
Ba 70-139 2 7.3 7.0
A-34 5.3 4.3
Adelphi 2 8.0 5.7
America 8
Banff 5.3 7.0
Baron 2 7.0 8.7
Birka 5 6.3
Bonnieblue 7.0
Bono 7
Bristol 2 7.0 8.3
Columbia 5.7 6.3
Eclipse 7.7 9.0
Flyking 6.7 6.3
Glade 2 7.3 6.3
Gnome 2 7.0 8.0
Kenblue 3.3 1.7
Merion 6.3 7.7
Merit 3 7.3 7.7
Midnight 7.0 7.0
Monopoly 5.3 6.0
Mystic
Nassau 7.7 7.4
Parade 6.0 5.0
Park 52
Ram I 6.5 7.0
Rugby 5.0
Sydsport 3 7.3 6.3
Touchdown 7 7.7
Vantage 7 5.0 2.0
Victa 2 8.0 7.0
Wabash 2.0
Windsor
LSD(.05) 7 1.9
______________________________________
Gervais.sup.a
Accokeek.sup.a
Marysville.sup.a
Variety Oregon Maryland Ohio
______________________________________
Ba 70-139 7 4 0
A-34
Adelphi 0
America
Banff
Baron
Birka
Boonieblue
Bono
Bristol 1 3 0
Columbia
Eclipse
Flyking 16
Glade 27
Gnome 0
Kenblue 3 40
Merion 5 0
Merit
Midnight
Monopoly 13
Mystic 35
Nassau
Parade
Park 13 40
Ram I 3
Rugby
Sydsport 0
Touchdown
Vantage 5
Victa 3 0
Wabash
Windsor 53
LSD(.05) 5 22 9
______________________________________
Ratings
.sup.a % of turf affected by disease
.sup.b 1-9, 9= least disease
TABLE 16
______________________________________
Comparison of Powdery Mildew Disease
Incidence Under Natural Shade Conditions
on Ba 70-139 and Other Bluegrasses.
Marysville
Prince Frederick Ohio
Variety Maryland Test 1 Test 2
Test 3
Test 4
______________________________________
Ba 70-139
5 5 0 15 0
Adelphi 15 10
America 13 0
Banff 45
Baron
Birka 8 3
Bonnieblue 58 0
Bristol 5 5 2 30 10
Columbia
Eclipse 5
Flyking 50
Glade 5 36 65 0
Gnome 72
Kenblue 4
Merion 83
Merit
Midnight
Monopoly 5
Mystic 5
Nassau
Newport 53 75 0
Nugget 18
Parade 60
Park 0
Ram I 25
Rugby 40
Sydsport 15 20
Touchdown 5 0
Vantage 30
Victa 60 84 69 60 8
Windsor 26
LSD(.05)
10 22 31 8
______________________________________
Rated as % of turf affected by disease.
TABLE 17
______________________________________
Comparison of Powdery Mildew Disease Incidence
Under Conditions Other Than Natural Shade on
Ba 70-139 and Other Bluegrasses.
Greenhouse Spaced Plants - Sun.sup.c
New Brunswick.sup.a
Marysville.sup.b
Marysville
Variety New Jersey Ohio Ohio
______________________________________
Ba 70-139
4.7 2 0
Adelphi 0.8 6
America 6.7
Banff 0.4
Baron 1.4 9 2
Birka 5.7
Bonnieblue
0.8
Bristol 6.4 2 2
Columbia
0.5
Eclipse 6.9
Flyking 1.3
Glade 7.0 7
Gnome 1.7
Kenblue 2
Merion 0.9 6 1
Merit 2.3 8
Midnight
0.7
Monopoly
5.9
Mystic 8.3
Nassau 7
Newport 2
Nugget 7.0 0
Parade 2.2
Park 6 2
Ram I 7.2 2
Rugby 0.6
Sydsport
6.1 2
Touchdown
Vantage 5.0 4
Victa 1.9 9 3
Windsor 3
LSD(.05)
0.8 3 2
______________________________________
.sup.a Rated 0-9, 9 = least disease
.sup.b Rated 1-9, 9 = most disease
.sup.c Rated 1-5, 5 = most disease
TABLE 18
______________________________________
Comparison of Rust (Puccinia spp.) Disease
Incidence on Ba 70-139 and Other Bluegrasses.
Turf.sup.b Unmowed Spaced Plants.sup.a
Gervais Marysville
Oregon Ohio
Variety Test 1 Test 2 Test 1 Test 2
______________________________________
Ba 70-139
12 1 1 0
Adelphi 4 0
Baron 3
Bristol 7 2 2 0
Glade 0
Kenblue 2
Merion 2 2
Nugget 3 0
Park 49 1
Ram I 15
Victa 63 13 2 1
Vantage 2
Windsor 3
LSD(.05)
26 1
______________________________________
.sup.a Rated 1-5, 5 = most disease?
.sup.b Rated as % of disease incidence
TABLE 19
______________________________________
Comparison of Stem Rust (Puccinia graminis)
Disease Incidence on Ba 70-139 and Other
Bluegrasses at Adelphia, New Jersey.
Test 1
Test 2
______________________________________
Ba 70-139 7.8 7.2
Midnight 7.0 7.8
Columbia 6.7 7.8
Banff 6.5 7.7
Bristol 7.7 7.7
Parade 6.2 7.5
Monopoly 7.1 7.4
Ram I 7.0 7.3
Victa 5.6 7.2
Merit 5.7 7.0
Baron 6.4 7.0
Nassau 6.8 7.0
Eclipse 4.7 7.0
Bonnieblue 5.4 7.0
Adelphi 7.1 6.9
America 7.4 6.9
Vantage 6.2 5.9
Touchdown 3.5 5.7
Birka 3.5 5.6
Merion 2.4 3.6
LSD(.05) 0.9 1.0
______________________________________
Rated 1-9, 9 = No Disease
TABLE 20
______________________________________
Comparison of Dollarspot Disease Incidence
on Ba 70-139 and Other Bluegrasses.
Marysville
Prince Frederick
Ohio
Variety Maryland Test 1 Test 2
______________________________________
Ba 70-139 30 37 32
Adelphi 8 20 36
America 13
Banff 70
Baron 50 23 53
Birka 6 47
Bonnieblue
10 57
Bono 4 63
Bristol 6 17 43
Columbia 10
Eclipse 8 60
Glade 40 43
Gnome 22
Kenblue 8 37 30
Merion 50
Merit 4 50
Midnight 6
Newport 67
Park 33 43
Ram I 40 25
Rugby 12 73
Sydsport 43
Touchdown 50
Vantage 11 15 32
Victa 5 23 30
Wabash 11
Windsor 33
LSD(.05) 19 24 38
______________________________________
Rating: % of turf that is affected by disease.
TABLE 21
______________________________________
Comparison of Stripe Smut Disease
Incidence on Ba 70-139 and Other
Bluegrasses in Maryland.
Variety Prince Frederick
Accokeek
______________________________________
Ba 70-139 0 0
Bristol 13 0
Flyking 2
Kenblue 0
Merion 2
Mosa 28
Vantage 4
Windsor 58
LSD(.05) 18 8
______________________________________
Rating: % of turf that is affected by disease.
Ba 70-139 has the capability to tolerate heat and drought stress, and it has a low growth habit and a lower vertical growth rate than many varieties, especially the common type of varieties such as Park, Kenblue, and Newport, that should allow it to tolerate lower mowing heights and possibly decrease the total number of mowings per year without sacrificing overall turf performance. The leaf texture of the new variety is similar to many bluegrass varieties when maintained under mowed turf conditions. Comparisons showing heat and drought stress, low growth habit, and leaf texture are presented in Tables 22-24.
TABLE 22
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Comparison of Drought and Heat Tolerance
of Ba 70-139 and Other Bluegrass in Maryland.
Variety Test 1 Test 2 Test 3
Test 4
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Ba 70-139 6 0 8 3
Adelphi 7 4
Baron 0
Birka 11
Bonnieblue 12 8
Bono 10
Bristol 31 50 10 5
Flyking 50
Glade 13
Kenblue 50 7
Merion 25 20
Merit 18 2
Midnight 17
Mosa 27
Park 20 3
Ram I 0
Rugby 6
Vantage 0 7 7
Victa 17 10
Wabash 13
Windsor 50
LSD(.05) 33 14
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Rated as % brown turf due to drought and heat stress.
TABLE 23
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Comparison of Growth habit of Ba 70-139
and Other Bluegrasses at Marysville, Ohio.
Variety Test 1 Test 2
______________________________________
Ba 70-139 2.0 1.8
Adelphi 2.0 2.1
America 1.8
Baron 1.8 2.0
Birka 2.0
Bono 2.0
Bristol 2.0
Eclipse 2.0
Flyking 2.3
Glade 2.2 1.7
Gnome 2.0 1.7
Kenblue 2.9
Merion 2.2
Newport 2.4
Nugget 1.5
Park 2.9
Sydsport 1.9
Touchdown 2.0
Vantage 2.7 3.0
Victa 1.9 1.8
Windsor 2.0
LSD(.05) 0.3
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Rated 1-5, 5 = Highest Growth Habit
TABLE 24
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Comparison of Leaf Texture of Ba 70-139 and
Other Bluegrasses Under Mowed Turf Conditions.
St. Louis
Gervais
Variety Missouri Oregon
______________________________________
Ba 70-139 4.0 2.0
Adelphi 5.3 2.8
America 6.0
Baron 4.6
Birka 6.0
Bono 5.6
Bristol 5.3 3.0
Glade 6.0
Gnome 4.3
Merit 4.3
Park 6.0 3.0
Ram I 3.0
Sydsport 5.0
Touchdown 5.0
Vantage 6.0
Victa 4.4 1.7
LSD(.05) 0.7 0.5
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Rating: Largest number indicates finest texture
Ba 70-139 has a high level of seed yielding ability which should make it an economically feasible variety to produce for commercial markets. The low susceptibility of Ba 70-139 to rust and lodging under typical seed field conditions should aid in producing economical seed crops. Comparative results on seed yield, rust, and lodging are shown in Table 25 and Table 26.
TABLE 25
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Seed Yield Comparisons of Ba 70-139 and
Other Bluegrass Varieties in Oregon.
Variety Year 1 Year 2 Mean
______________________________________
Ba 70-139 643 930 787
Ba 72-492 585 864 725
Ba 72-500 559 757 658
Victa 780 1394 1087
Newport 435 1256 846
Bristol 347 808 578
Mosa 322 1060 691
LSD(.05) 140 134
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Rating: Pounds per acre of conditioned seed.
TABLE 26
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Plant Characteristics of Ba 70-139 and
Other Bluegrass Varieties at Gervais, Oregon
Under Seed Production Conditions.
Lodging
Rust Year 1 Year 2
______________________________________
Ba 70-139 2 2.5 0
Ba 72-500 1 2.5 0.2
Ba 72-492 1 2.5 0.2
Victa 2 2.0 0
Bristol 4 4.0 1
Newport 4 4.0 1
Mosa 4 2.0 0
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Ratings
Rust: 1-4, 4 = very susceptible
Lodging: 0-5, 5 = severe lodging
Claims
1. A variety of Kentucky bluegrass plant, substantially as shown and described, characterized particularly by a high level of resistance to diseases, a desirable green color throughout the growing season, a high quality persistent turf under a wide range of environmental conditions including shady conditions, and a high level of seed yielding capacity.
Type: Grant
Filed: Mar 17, 1987
Date of Patent: Jan 17, 1989
Assignee: The O.M. Scott & Sons Company (Marysville, OH)
Inventors: Virgil D. Meier (Marysville, OH), Eugene W. Mayer (Marysville, OH)
Primary Examiner: Robert E. Bagwill
Application Number: 7/28,424
International Classification: A01H 500;
