Mango tree FP1
A mango tree "FP1" bearing fruit is disclosed. The fruit is distinguished from other mango varieties by its medium fruit size, high juice content, low fiber content, small core, good taste with high sugar content, low acidity, strong resistance to wind, anthracnose resistance, and good storage capacity.
A good yield "White" mango tree F1 was discovered by Mr. Min-Hsien, Chang, in Her-Lon Oil Factory at Min-Hsiung, Chia-Yi Hsien, Taiwan, in 1966. The fruit of the discovered mango tree F1 was characterized as having the same shape, flesh and flavor as that of "White", but its yield was much more abundant than that of "White". Mr. Chang found it was the first filial generation (F1) of a "White" mango tree variety and a common named local mango tree variety. He grafted a shoot from it to a two-shoot "Irwin" mango tree at the time. In 1969, some fruit of the first crop, about 1 to 2% of the terminal fruits on said shoot were the hybrid fruits of xenia by open pollination. The hybrid fruit was characterized as having the same coloration as that of "Irwin", but the shape, flesh and flavor remained the same as that of "White". Mr. Chang planted the hybrid fruits in the ground at that time. He smelled the leaves of the plants in order to determine whether the flavors were the same as the local mango variety. He used the young seedlings having the same flavor as the local mango variety. In 1976, he obtained a tree "FP1" of the new plants which was derived from the shoot of cultivar "F1", grafted onto "Irwin", which was crossed by open pollination resulting in the production of hybrid seeds and bore its first crop of fruit, which were attractive, medium size, high juice content, low fiber content, good taste with high sugar content (Brix 15), low acidity (0.19%), small core, strong resistance to wind, anthracnose resistance and good storage capacity.
The tree of the mango variety "FP1" of this invention has been repeatedly asexually reproduced by planting of the buds of "FP1" in the ground. Such asexual reproduction uniformly produces a fruit of the character described herein.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTIONThe invention is directed to a mango tree variety "FP1" which is the result of a hybrid cross of cultivars "F1" and "Irwin". The mango tree produces medium red fruit on a yellow ground color, and matured in May. "FP1"]is distinguished from other mango varieties by its medium fruit size, high juice content, low fiber content, small core, good taste with high sugar content, low acidity, strong resistance to wind, anthracnose, resistance and good storage capacity. The harvest date of the mango fruit is 90-110 days depending on the weather. The productivity is abundant in fruits of about 60 kg in a 6-8 year old tree. With respect to the duration of the fruit stored in the tree, the fruit will drop in a protective bag about three days after maturity. The fruit can be held under controlled storage conditions for about 15-30 days.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGSFIG. 1 is a photograph of fruit of "FP1".
FIG. 2 is a photograph of the original tree of "FP1".
FIG. 3 is a photograph of the original tree of "FP1" bearing fruits.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTIONThe following is a description of the characteristics of the mango tree variety of this invention.
Tree:
Tree vigor.--High. The terminal growth during the winter is 15 cm, and during the summer is 30 cm.
Tree size.--Medium about 21 years old.
Tree type.--Long oval.
Height.--4.5 m.
Girth.--14 m.
Maturity.--In May.
Pollination.--Open pollinated.
Location.--Chia-Yi, Taiwan.
Pruning.--Twice a year. The first time is in spring, any time at its bearing. The bent flower stalk without fruits and the slim twigs should be cut out for easy management. The second time is in summer, any time after the harvest. The drooped branches should be cut out for high productivity in the next season.
Bark.--Smooth.
Petiolate.--Tough, resistant to wind damage.
Bloom.--Early, on December, full blooming on February.
Leaf:
Length.--30.5 cm.
Width.--6.5 cm.
Thickness.--0.5 cm.
Color.--Green near 143B.
Leaf type.--Large, oval-lanceolate, personate verticillate.
Leaf surface.--Glabrous and smooth.
Petiole.--6.5 cm in length.
Extrapolated tree size.--A chopped "Local Mango Variety" mango tree of 2 years old, about 1 m in height and about 1 cm in girth is the best.
Panicle:
Inflorescence.--Conic, axil and terminal, about 15-40 cm, normally having ramify 2 or 3 times and the last ramification has 3 flowers as an umbrella. Every inflorescence has 500-3,000 flowers. Each flower is about 0.5-0.8 cm.
Calyx.--5 pieces.
Petal.--5 pieces.
Stamen.--5 pieces, but normally only 1 or 2 stamen in full growth could disseminate pollen. And, the shape of a grain of the pollen is oval.
Flower.--Has the staminate flower and the gynandrous flower. The average of the gynandrous flower is 3-60%.
Fruit:
Weight.--553.8 g.
Size.--Axial diameter 159.3 mm. Transverse diameter 78.1 mm.
Skin color.--Red on a yellow ground.
Flesh.--Fine, gold, juicy, small amount.
Aroma.--Comparable to the local mango variety.
Sweetness.--High sugar content (Brix 15).
Acid.--Low acidity (0.19%).
Thickness of skin.--0.8-1.0 cm.
Fruit count per pannicle.--7-8 pieces.
Storage.--The fruit will drop in a protective bag about 3 days after maturity. The fruit can be held without any handling requirements for about 15-30 days.
Susceptibilty to bruising.--Not easy.
Core:
Weight.--43.8 g.
Size.--Axial diameter 142.6 mm, Transverse diameter 40.3 mm.
Difficulty of separation.--Easy.
Fiber.--Only a latter around the core.
Seed:
Weight.--21.3 g.
Size.--Axial diameter 74.4 mm. Transverse diameter 30.5 mm.
______________________________________
LIST OF COMPARISON BETWEEN F1, FP1 AND IRWIN
______________________________________
NAME F1 FP1
______________________________________
Leaf Length: 29 cm
Length: 30.5 cm
Width: 8.5 cm
Width: 6.5 cm
Thickness: 0.5 mm
Thickness: 0.5 mm
Color: Dark Color: Green near 143B
green near G135B
Petiole
Length: 5 cm Length: 6.5 cm
Fruit Weight: 412 g
Weight: 553.8 g
Shape: Long oval
Shape: Long oval but much more
but much more
round
flat Flesh: A little fibers
Flesh: No fibers
Skin color: Red near 45B or 70B on a
Skin color: Green
green (149B) ground, but will change
near 143B but
as red (45A) on a yellow (14B)
will change as
ground
yellow near 9A
Thickness of skin: 0.8-1.0 mm
when matured
Thickness of skin:
0.7-0.9 mm
Core Weight 35.6 g
Weight: 43.8 g
Size: Axial Size: Axial diameter 142.6 mm;
diameter 151 mm;
transverse diameter 40.3 mm
transverse Core is easy to separate from
diameter 37.6 mm
the flesh like Irwin.
Seed Weight: 17.3 g
Weight: 21.3 g
Size: Axial Seed: Axial diameter 74.4 mm;
diameter 76 mm;
transverse diameter 30.5 mm
transverse
diameter 28.2 mm
Tree Size: High Size: Medium about 21 years old
Branch
Dense Rare
Bark Rough Smooth
Vein Same color with
Same color with the leaf but a little
the leaf slice red (45B) in the early
leafing about 7 days of each time
______________________________________
NAME IRWIN
______________________________________
Leaf Length: 26 cm
Width: 5.5 cm
Thickness: 0.5 cm
Color: Green near 141A
Petiole
Length: 6.5 cm
Fruit Weight: 326 g
Shape: Oval as an egg
Flesh: A little fibers
Skin color: Purple red near 64A but will
change as yellow gold near 15A
Thickness of skin: 0.93 mm-1.11 mm
Core Weight: 48.3 g
Size: Axial diameter 104.8 mm;
transverse diameter 39.8 mm. Core is
easy to separate from the flesh.
Seed Weight: 23.9 g
Size: Axial diameter 64.1 mm;
transverse diameter 29.9 mm.
Tree Size: Small
Branch
Dense more than FP1
Bark Smooth
Vein Same as FP1 but near 143C
______________________________________
Remarks: All color values expressed herein are those of the R.H.S. Color
Chart
Claims
1. A new and distinct mango tree variety "FP1" as shown and described, as a result of hydrid cross of the cultivars "F1" and "Irwin" with more attractive fruit finish.
| PP7141 | February 6, 1990 | Mitchell |
Type: Grant
Filed: Jul 16, 1992
Date of Patent: Dec 6, 1994
Inventor: Min H. Chang (Fan-Ru Shiang, Chia-Yi Hsien)
Primary Examiner: James R. Feyrer
Assistant Examiner: E. F. McElwain
Law Firm: Jacobson, Price, Holman & Stern
Application Number: 7/913,797
