Computing machine with an inequality computation function
When an arithmetic operation is performed on an inequality, a solution notation pattern composed of a combination of a symbol and an inequality sign symbol is determined on the basis of an expression, a solution, and an inequality sign symbol. With Line I/O being set as the calculation result display mode, the solution notation pattern data, for example, [A≦X≦B], is displayed in the upper part of a display unit. The values of the solutions [X1] [X2] corresponding to the symbols [A] [B] shown in the pattern data are displayed as [A=X1] [B=X2] in the lower part of the display unit. This makes it possible to display the solution of the inequality in an easy-to-understand manner.
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This application is based upon and claims the benefit of priority from prior Japanese Patent Application No. 2007-226144, filed Aug. 31, 2007, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION1. Field of the Invention
This invention relates to a computing machine (or calculator) with an inequality computation and display function.
2. Description of the Related Art
One of the conventional electronic computing machines which have an inequality computation and display function is a graphical function calculator which has a graphical display function according to a desired function expression.
For example, with the graph function calculator described in Jpn. Pat. Appln. KOKAI Publication No. 08-180197, when the inequality Y>f(X) is input, a locus of a graph corresponding to Y=f(X) is drawn and displayed and further the range of solutions corresponding to the inequality is displayed in the form of a hatched area or a painted area to distinguish the range from the remaining area.
Furthermore, as described in Jpn. Pat. Appln. KOKAI Publication No. 2000-242801, an inequality processing device has been considered which displays on a number line graph the range of solutions corresponding to the input inequality.
The conventional graph function calculator has a large-screen display unit and can display a graph and represent the solutions of an inequality in graph form in an easy-to-understand manner. However, for example, a standard scientific electronic calculator with a display unit capable of displaying only about three lines of character strings cannot display a graph as described above and therefore has the problem of being incapable of representing an image of the solutions of an inequality in an easy-to-understand manner.
BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTIONAccording to an aspect of the invention, there is provided a computing machine comprising: inequality input means for inputting an inequality; inequality computation means for calculating a solution to an inequality input by the inequality input means; solution notation pattern determination means which, on the basis of the solution to the inequality calculated by the inequality computation means and an inequality sign symbol of the inequality, determines a solution notation pattern composed of a combination of a symbol and an inequality sign symbol; and solution display means which causes a display unit to display not only the solution notation pattern determined by the solution notation pattern determination means but also the value of the solution of the inequality calculated by the computation means corresponding to the symbol included in the displayed solution notation pattern.
According to the invention, for example, even a standard scientific electronic calculator without a large screen can display the solutions of an inequality in an easy-to-understand manner.
Additional objects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. The objects and advantages of the invention may be realized and obtained by means of the instrumentalities and combinations particularly pointed out hereinafter.
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of the specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention, and together with the general description given above and the detailed description of the embodiments given below, serve to explain the principles of the invention.
Hereinafter, referring to the accompanying drawings, an embodiment of the invention will be explained.
The scientific electronic calculator 10 is a small-sized calculator which enables the user to hold and operate it with one hand under the necessity for portability. On the front of the scientific electronic calculator 10, a key input unit 11 and a display unit 15 are provided.
The key input unit 11 includes a numeric-operation symbol key group 12 for inputting numbers and various operation symbols, a function key group 13 for setting up various functions and a memory function, cursor keys 14 for moving a cursor CU displayed on the display unit 15 or selecting data items on the display unit, and function keys F1 to F4 for selectively specifying various functions displayed in menu form along the lower end of the display unit 15.
The display unit 15, which is composed of a dot-matrix liquid-crystal display unit, has an area capable of displaying three lines of character strings in the scientific electronic calculator 10 of the embodiment.
The electronic circuit of the electronic calculator 10 includes a CPU 21, a computer.
The CPU 21 controls the operation of various sections of the circuit according to a calculator control program previously stored in a storage unit 22, such as a ROM. Using a RAM 23 as a working memory, the CPU 21 executes various types of arithmetic processing according to a key input signal from a key input unit 11.
In the RAM 23, storage areas, including a display data memory 24, an arithmetic working memory 25, and a display mode data memory 26, are secured.
In the display data memory 24, data on a computation equation to be displayed on the display unit 15, data on the result of the computation, and the like are developed into up to three lines of bit map data corresponding to the display area of the display unit 15 and then are stored there.
When an inequality is calculated, its computation equation data 25a, inequality sign symbol data 25b, coefficient data (a, b, c, d) 25c in the computation equation, solution data (X1, X2, X3) 25d, and inequality type data 25e showing the range of solutions on the basis of the inequality sign symbol are stored in the arithmetic working memory 25 (see
The display mode data memory 26 stores display mode data which is set by the user operating a specific key and which indicates in what mode the calculation result is to be displayed. The display mode includes a mathematical natural display mode (Math I/O) and a calculator display mode (Line I/O). In an inequality computation process, the value of the solution of the inequality, the inequality sign symbol, and “X” are combined into one line and displayed in the mathematical natural display mode (Math I/O) (see
The notation pattern data 22P on the solutions of a quadratic inequality shows all of the patterns representing the solutions of an inequality. [X<A, B<X] means that the range of solutions is less than A and greater than B. [X≦A, B≦X] means that the range of solutions is less than or equal to A and is greater than or equal to B. [X!=A=B] means that the solution is equal to A (=B). [X!=A=B] means that the solutions are equal to all excluding A (=B). [A<X<B] means that the range of solutions is greater than A and less than B. [A≦X≦B] means that the range of solutions is greater than or equal to A and is less than or equal to B. [All Answer] means that all are solutions. [No Answer] means that there is no solution.
As for a cubic inequality, notation pattern data on all solutions are incorporated in the inequality computation program as in the case of the quadratic inequality (22P).
The notation pattern data on these solutions is determined according to the inequality sign symbol data 25b, coefficient data (a, b, c, d) 25c, and solution data (X1, X2, X3) 25d stored the arithmetic working memory 25 (see
Next, the inequality computation function of the scientific electronic calculator 10 configured as described above will be explained using an example of calculating [x2−2x−4≦0].
When the inequality computation mode is set according to the user operation at the key input unit 11, first, the inequality select screen G1 for the user to select either a quadratic inequality or a cubic inequality by number “1” or “2” is displayed on the display unit 15 as shown in
On the inequality select screen G1, when the user presses numeric key “1” of the key input unit 11, the quadratic inequality [ax2+bx+c>0] is selected and data representing the quadratic inequality is stored as computation equation data 25a in the arithmetic working memory 25 (see
Next, as shown in
On the inequality select screen G2, when the user presses numeric key “3” of the key input unit 11, [≦] is selected as an inequality sign symbol for the quadratic inequality [ax2+bx+c>0] to perform an arithmetic operation this time. The data representing [≦] is stored as inequality sign symbol data 25b in the arithmetic working memory (see
Then, as shown in
On the coefficient input screen G3, when the user inputs the coefficients a=1, b=−2, c=−4 with the numeric keys of the key input unit 11, these items of data are stored as coefficient data 25c in the arithmetic working memory 25 (see
After the above input, arithmetic processing is performed on the quadratic inequality [x2−2x−4≦0] on the basis of the quadratic inequality data [ax2+bx+c] 25a, inequality sign symbol data [≦] 25b, coefficient data [a=1, b=−2, c=−4] 25c stored in the arithmetic working memory 25, the values [X1=−1.236067977] [X2=3.236067977] of its solutions are determined, and the values are stored as solution data 25d in the arithmetic working memory 25 (see
Then, on the basis of the solution data [X1=−1.236067977] [X2=3.236067977] 25d, inequality sign symbol data [≦] 25b, and coefficient data [a=1, b=−2, c=−4] 25c stored in the arithmetic working memory 25 (see
Then, the display mode data stored in the display mode data memory 26 is read and it is determined whether the mathematical natural display mode (Math I/O) or calculator display mode (Line I/O) has been set as the display mode of the calculation result (step S6).
If it has been determined that the mathematical natural display mode (Math I/O) has been set as the display mode, control is passed to a Math I/O display process of
In the Math I/O display process, the solution data [X1=−1.236067977] [X2=3.236067977] 25d are substituted into the solution notation pattern data [A≦X≦B] stored as the inequality type data 25e in the arithmetic working memory 25, producing calculation result display data [−1.236067977≦X≦3.236067977], which is then displayed on the calculation result display screen Ga as shown in
On the calculation result display screen Ga, it is determined whether the calculation result [−1.236067977≦X≦3.236067977] has been displayed completely in one line (step A2).
As shown in
Then, when the right cursor key 14 is operated at the key input unit 11 according to the direction pointed by the arrow symbol Cu displayed on the calculation result display screen Ga, the calculation result [−1.236067977≦X≦3.236067977] displayed on the calculation result display screen Ga is scrolled so that the undisplayed part may be displayed sequentially (step A4).
On the other hand, in step S6, if it has been determined that the calculator display mode (Line I/O) has been set as the display mode, control is passed to a Line I/O display process [1] of
In the Line I/O display process [1], the solution notation pattern data [A≦X≦B] stored as the inequality type data 25e in the arithmetic working memory 25 is read and displayed as the display screen Gb1 in the upper part (or in a first row) of the display unit 15 as shown in
Then, the smaller one [X1=−1.236067977] of the solutions stored as the solution data 25d in the arithmetic working memory 25 is read as the value of [A] in [A≦X≦B] and displayed as [A=−1.236067977] in the middle (in a second row) of the display unit 15. Moreover, the greater one [X2=3.236067977] of the solutions stored as the solution data 25d in the arithmetic working memory 25 is read as the value of [B] and displayed as [B=3.236067977] in the lower part (in a third row) of the display unit 15 as shown in
Here, if, for example, a cubic inequality is calculated this time, since the value of X3 exists in the solution data 25d, it is determined that the value of [C] exists (Yes in step B13). According to the operation of the vertical cursor key 14 in the key input unit 11, the value is moved row by row in the display of [A] [B] and finally the value of [C] is displayed as [C= . . . ] (step B14).
In place of the Line I/O display process [1], the value may be displayed by a subsequent Line I/O display process [2].
In the Line I/O display process [2], first, the solution notation pattern data [A≦X≦B] stored as the inequality type data 25e in the arithmetic working memory 25 is read. Then, display data [□≦X≦□] obtained by replacing the corresponding symbols [A] [B] in the solution with square symbols [□] L, [□] R, respectively is created and displayed as the calculation result display screen Gb2 in the upper part (a first row) of the display unit 15 as shown in
Then, the cursor (Cu) is displayed on the beginning (left) square symbol L in [□≦X≦□] displayed in the upper part (the first row) of the display unit 15. To display the corresponding value, the smaller one [X1=−1.236067977] of the solutions stored as the solution data 25d in the arithmetic working memory 25 is read. As shown in
When the cursor (Cu) is moved to the next (right) square symbol R in [□≦X≦□] as a result of the operation of the lateral cursor key 14 in the key input unit 11 (Yes in step B23), the greater one [X2=3.236067927] of the solutions stored as the solution data 25d in the arithmetic working memory 25 is read as the value to be displayed. As shown in
As shown in
In contrast, as shown in
The solution display method shown in
Additional advantages and modifications will readily occur to those skilled in the art. Therefore, the invention in its broader aspects is not limited to the specific details and representative embodiments shown and described herein. Accordingly, various modifications may be made without departing from the spirit or scope of the general inventive concept as defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims
1. A computing machine comprising:
- inequality input means for inputting an inequality;
- inequality computation means for calculating a solution to an the inequality input by the inequality input means;
- solution notation pattern determination means which, on the basis of the solution to the inequality calculated by the inequality computation means and an inequality sign symbol of the inequality, determines a solution notation pattern composed of a combination of including a symbol and an inequality sign symbol; and
- solution display means which causes displays on a display unit to display not only both the solution notation pattern determined by the solution notation pattern determination means but also the and a value of the solution of the inequality calculated by the inequality computation means corresponding to the symbol included in the displayed solution notation pattern.
2. The computing machine according to claim 1, wherein the symbol of included in the solution notation pattern displayed by the solution display means is a character, and
- the solution display means displays on the display unit the value of a the solution corresponding to the character included in the notation pattern together with the character.
3. The computing machine according to claim 2, further comprising:
- display mode setting means for setting a solution display mode to either a Line I/O mode or a Math I/O mode; and
- mathematical solution display means which, when the display mode setting means has set the Math I/O mode, displays on the display unit a solution notation obtained by substituting the value of the solution to the inequality calculated by the inequality computation means into for the symbol of the solution notation pattern determined by the notation pattern determination means, instead of the operation of the solution display means
- wherein, when the display mode setting means has set the Line I/O mode, the solution display means displays on the display both the solution notation pattern determined by the solution notation pattern determination means and the value of the solution to the inequality calculated by the inequality computation means corresponding to the symbol included in the displayed solution notation pattern.
4. The computing machine according to claim 3, further comprising:
- symbol display means which, when the mathematical solution display means has not displayed the solution notation fully on the display unit, displays a scroll symbols symbol on the display unit; and
- scroll means which, when the symbol display means has displayed the scroll symbols symbol on the display unit, scrolls the solution notation displayed on the display unit according to a user operation and displays the resulting notation.
5. The computing machine according to claim 1, further comprising:
- symbol specifying means for specifying, according to a user operation, a symbol corresponding to the solution in the solution notation pattern displayed by the pattern solution display means,
- wherein the solution display means includes means for causing displays on the display unit to display the value of the solution corresponding to the symbol of the solution notation pattern specified by the symbol specifying means.
6. The computing machine according to claim 5, further comprising:
- display mode setting means for setting a solution display mode to either a Line I/O mode or a Math I/O mode; and
- mathematical solution display means which, when the display mode setting means has set the Math I/O mode, displays on the display unit a solution notation obtained by substituting the value of the solution to the inequality calculated by the inequality computation means into for the symbol of the solution notation pattern determined by the solution notation pattern determination means instead of the operation of the solution display means,
- wherein, when the display mode setting means has set the Line I/O mode, the solution display means displays on the display both the solution notation pattern determined by the solution notation pattern determination means and the value of the solution to the inequality calculated by the inequality computation means corresponding to the symbol included in the displayed solution notation pattern.
7. The computing machine according to claim 6, further comprising:
- symbol display means which, when the mathematical solution display means has not display displayed the solution notation fully on the display unit, displays a scroll symbols symbol on the display unit; and
- scroll means which, when the symbol display means has displayed the scroll symbols symbol on the display unit, scrolls the solution notation displayed on the display unit according to a user operation and displays the resulting notation.
8. A solution display method executed in a computing machine which performs an arithmetic operation on an input inequality, the solution display method comprising:
- a solution notation pattern determination step of determining, on the basis of a calculated solution to the inequality calculated and an inequality sign symbol of the inequality, determining a solution notation pattern composed of a combination of including a symbol and the an inequality sign symbol; and
- a solution display step of causing displaying on a display unit to display not only both the solution notation pattern determined in the solution notation pattern determination step but also the and a value of the calculated solution to the inequality corresponding to the symbol included in the displayed solution notation pattern.
9. The solution display method according to claim 8, wherein the symbol of included in the solution notation pattern displayed in the solution display step on the display is a character, and
- the solution display step includes a step of displaying on the display unit the value of a the solution corresponding to the character included in the notation pattern is displayed together with the character.
10. The solution display method according to claim 9, further comprising:
- a display mode setting step of setting a solution display mode to either a Line I/O mode or a Math I/O mode; and
- a mathematical solution display step of, when the Math I/O mode has been set In the display mode setting step, displaying on the display unit a solution notation obtained by substituting the value of the calculated solution to the inequality into for the symbol of the solution notation pattern determined in the is notation pattern determination step, instead of the operation of the solution display step,
- wherein when the Line I/O mode has been set, the display displays both the solution notation pattern and the value of the solution to the inequality corresponding to the symbol included in the displayed solution notation pattern.
11. The solution display method according to claim 10, further comprising:
- a symbol display step of, when the solution notation has not been displayed fully on the display unit in the mathematical solution display step when the Math I/O mode has been set, displaying a scroll symbols symbol on the display unit; and
- a scroll step of, when the scroll symbols have symbol has been displayed on the display unit in the symbol display step, scrolling the solution notation displayed on the display unit according to a user operation.
12. The solution display method according to claim 8 22, further comprising:
- a symbol specifying step of specifying, according to a user operation, a symbol corresponding to the solution in the solution notation pattern displayed in the pattern display step on the display,
- wherein the solution display step includes a step of causing the display unit to display displays the value of the solution corresponding to the specified symbol of the solution notation pattern specified in the symbol specifying step.
13. The solution display method according to claim 12, further comprising:
- a display mode setting step of setting a solution display mode to either a Line I/O mode or a Math I/O mode; and
- a mathematical solution display step of, when the Math I/O mode has been set in the display mode setting step, displaying on the display unit a solution notation obtained by substituting the value of the calculated solution to the inequality into for the symbol of the solution notation pattern determined in the notation pattern determination step, instead of the operation of the solution display step,
- wherein when the Line I/O mode has been set, the display displays both the solution notation pattern and the value of the solution to the inequality corresponding to the symbol included in the displayed solution notation pattern.
14. The solution display method according to claim 13, further comprising:
- a symbol display step of, when the solution notation has not been displayed fully on the display unit in the mathematical solution display step when the Math I/O mode has been set, displaying a scroll symbols symbol on the display unit; and
- a scroll step of, when the scroll symbols have symbol has been displayed on the display unit in the symbol display step, scrolling the solution notation displayed on the display unit according to a user operation.
15. A computing machine comprising:
- a key input unit,;
- a display unit,;
- a processor,; and
- a memory,
- wherein the processor including
- an inequality input function of causing the key input unit to input an inequality,
- an inequality computation function of calculating is configured to: (i) calcuate a solution to an inequality input by the inequality input function,
- a solution notation pattern determination function of, via the key input unit; (ii) on the basis of the solution to the inequality calculated by the inequality computation function and an inequality sign symbol of the inequality, determining determine a solution notation pattern composed of a combination of including a symbol and an inequality sign symbol; and
- a solution display function of causing a (iii) cause the display unit to display not only both the solution notation pattern determined by the solution notation pattern determination function but also the and a value of the calculated solution to the inequality calculated by the computation function corresponding to the symbol included in the displayed solution notation pattern.
16. The computing machine according to claim 15, wherein the symbol of included in the solution notation pattern displayed by the solution display function on the display is a character, and
- the solution display function has the function of displaying on the processor causes the display unit to display the value of a the solution corresponding to the character included in the notation pattern together with the character.
17. The computing machine according to claim 16, wherein the memory includes a display mode storage unit which stores data that sets a solution display mode to either a Line I/O mode or a Math I/O mode; and,
- wherein the processor executes a mathematical solution display function of is configured to, when the display mode storage unit memory has stored data that sets the Math I/O mode, displaying on cause the display unit to display a solution notation obtained by substituting the value of the calculated solution to the inequality calculated by the computation function into for the symbol of the solution notation pattern determined by the notation pattern determination function, instead of the operation of the solution display function, and
- wherein the processor is configured to, when the memory has stored data that sets the Line I/O mode, cause the display to display both the solution notation pattern and the value of the calculated solution to the inequality corresponding to the symbol included in the displayed solution notation pattern.
18. The computing machine according to claim 15 22, wherein the processor executes a symbol specifying function of specifying is configured to specify, according to a user operation, a symbol corresponding to the solution in the solution notation pattern displayed by the pattern display function on the display, and
- the solution display function includes the function of causing wherein the processor is configured to cause the display unit to display the value of the solution corresponding to the specified symbol of the solution notation pattern specified by the symbol specifying function.
19. The computing machine according to claim 18, wherein the memory includes a display mode storage unit which stores data that sets a solution display mode to either a Line I/O mode or a Math I/O mode, and
- wherein the processor executes a mathematical solution display function of is configured to execute, when the display mode storage unit memory has stored data that sets the Math I/O mode, displaying on cause the display unit to display a solution notation obtained by substituting the value of the calculated solution to the inequality calculated by the computation function into for the symbol of the solution notation pattern determined by the notation pattern determination function, instead of the operation of the solution display function, and
- wherein the processor is configured to, when the memory has stored data that sets the Line I/O mode, cause the display to display both the solution notation pattern and the value of the calculated solution to the inequality corresponding to the symbol included in the displayed solution notation pattern.
20. The computing machine according to claim 1, wherein the solution notation pattern includes a plurality of symbols and a plurality of inequality sign symbols; and
- wherein the solution display means displays, on the display, both the solution notation pattern and the value of the solution to the inequality corresponding to at least one of the plurality of symbols included in the displayed solution notation pattern.
21. The solution display method according to claim 8, wherein the solution notation pattern includes a plurality of symbols and a plurality of inequality sign symbols; and
- wherein the display displays both the solution notation pattern and the value of the solution to the inequality corresponding to at least one of the plurality of symbols included in the displayed solution notation pattern.
22. The computing machine according to claim 15, wherein the solution notation pattern includes a plurality of symbols and a plurality of inequality sign symbols; and
- wherein the processor is configured to cause the display to display both the solution notation pattern and the value of the solution to the inequality corresponding to at least one of the plurality of symbols included in the displayed solution notation pattern.
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Type: Grant
Filed: Dec 10, 2014
Date of Patent: Nov 22, 2016
Assignee: CASIO COMPUTER CO., LTD. (Tokyo)
Inventor: Fumio Gotoh (Tokyo)
Primary Examiner: Majid A Banankhah
Application Number: 14/566,259
International Classification: G06F 3/00 (20060101); G06F 15/16 (20060101); G06F 15/02 (20060101);