Document separator
A document separator for use in a document processing machine. The document separator has a flexible loop of material adjacent to a document transport mechanism so that it holds one or more documents back from being transported along a transport path while allowing a single document to be moved forward.
The invention relates to document handling machinery.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTIONVarious types of machinery are used to handle documents. For example, mail-sorting equipment feeds mail through a system that evaluates routing information on the mail and sorts the mail based on the routing information. Computer printers and facsimile machines are also examples of machines that handle documents. The common function of these machines is that they must separate documents from one another, i.e. there must be a singulating function. For example, a stack of paper is inserted into a printer, then each sheet must be separated from the stack to utilize it in the machine. Similarly, a mail-sorting machine may take a stack of mail and process each mail piece individually, requiring the individual mail items to be separated from one another.
It is noted that “documents” is used herein in the broadest sense possible, and includes for example, paper, mail, magazines, booklets, folders and the like. Documents need not consist of paper only but may also consist of other materials such as for example woven materials, plastics or metal, either alone or in combination.
Reliable document separating devices often are cumbersome, such as those that contain vacuum mechanisms to effectuate separation of documents that vary in thickness, dimensions or material. Less cumbersome devices typically rely primarily on friction between the document and the separator. These devices may employ, for example, grinding stones, stationary belts or rubber wheels. Generally, the device is set for a particular document thickness. The setting is adjusted when documents of a different thickness are to be processed. Such devices, are not self-adjusting, so they cannot process a stack of varying thickness documents. Because they do not automatically adjust satisfactorily for varying document thickness, the coefficient of friction between the document and separator changes, thereby causing documents to be transported or fed through the system two or more at a time.
Accordingly, there is a need for a practical, reliable document separator to singulate documents, such as stacks of sheets of paper or mail of varying thickness.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTIONThe present invention provides a document separator for use in a document processing machine. The document separator has a flexible loop of material adjacent to a document transport mechanism so that it holds one or more documents back from being transported along a transport path while allowing a single document to be moved forward.
The invention is best understood from the following detailed description when read with the accompanying drawings.
Advantageously, flexible loop 102 creates a spring-like effect to maintain adequate pressure against the documents and between the documents while still allowing a single document to be separated from the group. Flexible loop 102 also allows documents of different thickness to be singulated. Flexible loop 102 will “spring” back after documents pass through. In an exemplary embodiment, document processing machine 100 singulates documents varying in thickness from about 0.002 inches to 0.25 inches. Embodiments of the inventive document separator can be used, for example, to singulate a stack of paper differing in bond from 16 bond to 72 bond, or approximately 0.003 inches to 0.011 inches, respectively. A further illustrative document thickness range is about 0.01 inches to about 0.25 inches, which may be desirable for mail items. For a document processing machined used only for thick items, an illustrative range is 0.10 inches to about 0.25 inches. Depending on the material used for flexible loop 102 and/or its positioning, different thickness ranges may be processed.
Flexible loop 102 may be comprised of numerous different materials. It may be a single material such as rubber or polyamide, or a composite such as Habasit™ F-1. Habasit™ F-1 is suitable because it has the desired stiffness. It is also durable for lasting use. Habasit™ F-1 is formed from a polyamide layer disposed between acrylonitrile-butadiene-rubber layers. It has a tensile force of 4.5 N and a mass of 1.25 kg/m2. It is commonly used for machine tapes, and has a rough conveying side. For many applications, loop materials with properties the same as Habasit™ F-1 or within a 15% range in either direction would be suitable. More preferably properties are within a 10% range and most preferably within a 5% range. Stiffness is one of the most significant loop material properties, as it has a bearing on the pressure exerted on the documents and its spring-like action. Memory materials would be particularly well suited for this application. Loop material thickness is preferably in the range of 1.0 mm to 1.5 mm, however, the optimum thickness may depend on such things as the application and size of loop.
The closer flexible flap 110 is to flexible loop 102 in the direction of document transport, the greater the pressure between documents, and thus the greater the coefficient of friction. Preferably, document processing machine 100 includes a mechanism to vary the distance between flexible loop 102 and flexible flap 110. An illustrative embodiment of an adjustment mechanism is shown in
The distance between the loop and the transport mechanism affects the pressure on the documents, and therefore must be adapted for a particular document type or thickness. Preferably the distance is in the range of about 0 to 5 mm from the document transport mechanism. In an exemplary embodiment a mechanism to adjust the distance between the flexible loop and the document transport mechanism is included. An illustrative loop adjustment mechanism includes a loop support to which the loop is attached wherein the support is slidably attached to a stationary component so that the flexible loop can be moved toward or away from the document transport mechanism.
In general, by varying parameters such as loop material and distance between the loop and the transport mechanism, and adding components to affect flexibility of the loop or pressure on documents such as a stiffening component or flexible flap, the invention can be adapted to a variety of document processing machines and document types.
Flexible loop 102 may be used alone, or in conjunction with one or more flaps or other flexible loops, and in any sequence of loops and flaps. Flaps may comprise, for example, material such as that used for flexible loop 102. Pressure components, such as part 126, can also serve as flaps. The loops and/or flaps may be in contact or spaced apart from a transport belt moving documents along a desired path.
In the preferred practice of this invention the flaps and/or loop(s) are adjustably mounted in any suitable manner so that their distance toward and away from belt 136 can be varied in accordance with the thickness of documents or with wear characteristics of the flap(s) and loop(s). Preferably flap(s) and loop(s) are jointly mounted, such as by mounting block 146. If desired, however, the flaps may be individually mounted. This may aid adjustability or manufacturing, for example. The scope of the invention includes any number of flaps or loops used in conjunction with one another to improve reliable document separation. The loop(s) and flap(s) can be in any order. Preferably they are arranged so that there is increasing contact between the flap/loop and the transport belt. It should be noted that the system depicted in
The invention further includes a document processing system that incorporates the inventive document separator.
Claims
1. A document separator comprising:
- a flexible loop of material;
- a document transport mechanism by which documents are transported along a path; and
- one or more flaps adjacent to which faces of the documents pass before, after, or both before and after passing adjacent to the flexible loop;
- wherein the flexible loop is adjacent to the document transport mechanism so that it holds one or more documents back from being transported along the path by the document transport mechanism;
- wherein the flexible loop is not disposed around a pulley assembly capable of imparting motion to the flexible loop; and
- wherein at least one flap contacts the document faces as they pass adjacent to it.
2. A document separator comprising:
- a flexible loop of material; and
- a document transport mechanism by which documents are transported along a path;
- wherein the flexible loop is adjacent to the document transport mechanism so that it holds one or more documents back from being transported along the path by the document transport mechanism;
- a pressure adjusting component, wherein the pressure adjusting component comprises:
- a flexible flap; and
- an adjustment mechanism;
- wherein the adjustment mechanism allows the flap to be positioned at varying distances from the flexible loop along a path of the documents.
3. The document separator of claim 2 further comprising:
- a stiffener component comprising one or more materials less flexible than the flexible loop material;
- wherein the stiffener spans at least a portion of the loop to reduce the flexibility of the loop.
4. The document separator of claim 2 wherein the adjustment mechanism comprises:
- a support to which the flexible flap is attached;
- wherein the support is slidably attached to a stationary component to move the flexible flap substantially along the path of the documents.
5. The document separator of claim 2 wherein the flexible loop is made of a material comprising polyamide, rubber or a combination thereof.
6. The document separator of claim 2 wherein the loop is a distance in the range of about 0 to 5 mm from the document transport mechanism.
7. The document separator of claim 2 further comprising:
- a mechanism to adjust the distance between the flexible loop and the document transport mechanism.
8. The document separator of claim 7 wherein the loop adjustment mechanism comprises:
- a support to which the loop is attached;
- wherein the support is slidably attached to a stationary component to so that the flexible loop can be moved toward or away from the document transport mechanism.
9. The document separator of claim 2 further comprising:
- a document transport mechanism support component to reduce deflection of one or more document transport mechanism belts.
10. The document separator of claim 9 wherein the flexible loop is positioned proximate to at least a portion of the document transport mechanism support component.
11. The document separator of claim 2 wherein the flexible loop comprises a material having a thickness in the range of about 1.0 mm to 1.5 mm.
12. The document separator of claim 2 further comprising:
- one or more additional flexible loops.
13. The document separator of claim 2 capable of separating documents varying in thickness from about 0.002 inches to about 0.25 inches.
14. The document separator of claim 2 capable of separating documents varying in thickness from about 0.003 inches to 0.011 inches.
15. A document processing machine comprising a document separator according to claim 2.
16. A document processing system comprising a document separator according to claim 1; and
- a sorter assembly in functional cooperation with and proximate to the feeder assembly to receive documents therefrom and sort documents into categories.
17. A document processing system comprising a document separator according to claim 2;
- a feeder assembly for receiving a plurality of documents, the feeder assembly having a flexible loop of material wherein the flexible loop is adjacent to the document transport mechanism so that it holds one or more documents back from being transported along the path by the document transport mechanism; and
- a sorter assembly in functional cooperation with and proximate to the feeder assembly to receive documents therefrom and sort documents into categories.
18. The document separator of claim 1, wherein at least one flap curves toward and extends under the flexible loop.
19. The document separator of claim 1, wherein at least one flap adjusts to documents of varying sizes by a spring-like mechanism connected to a hinge attached to the flap.
20. The document separator of claim 1, wherein at least one flap curves toward and extends under the flexible loop and wherein the curved flap adjusts to documents of varying sizes by a spring-like mechanism connected to a hinge attached to the flap.
1058314 | April 1913 | Lynch |
3976291 | August 24, 1976 | Bernardi et al. |
4114870 | September 19, 1978 | Di Blasio |
4285511 | August 25, 1981 | Abe |
4568074 | February 4, 1986 | Murayoshi |
4575068 | March 11, 1986 | Kato |
4615519 | October 7, 1986 | Holodnak et al. |
4718809 | January 12, 1988 | Krasuski et al. |
4883265 | November 28, 1989 | Iida et al. |
4909499 | March 20, 1990 | O'Brien et al. |
4973039 | November 27, 1990 | Jeske et al. |
5005821 | April 9, 1991 | Burger |
5062600 | November 5, 1991 | Holbrook et al. |
5120042 | June 9, 1992 | Goto et al. |
5163666 | November 17, 1992 | Kuo |
5181706 | January 26, 1993 | Yamamoto et al. |
5201508 | April 13, 1993 | Kuo |
5226547 | July 13, 1993 | Malatesta |
5249793 | October 5, 1993 | Scheufler |
5295675 | March 22, 1994 | Hain |
5398922 | March 21, 1995 | Malatesta |
5473420 | December 5, 1995 | Rizzolo et al. |
5722652 | March 3, 1998 | Yoshida et al. |
5992844 | November 30, 1999 | Dillinger et al. |
6003857 | December 21, 1999 | Salomon et al. |
6135441 | October 24, 2000 | Belec et al. |
6145829 | November 14, 2000 | Furmanski et al. |
6276679 | August 21, 2001 | Joyce et al. |
6302606 | October 16, 2001 | Hayakawa et al. |
20030090050 | May 15, 2003 | Sueoka |
2214495 | September 1989 | GB |
60093049 | May 1985 | JP |
61257838 | November 1986 | JP |
05024690 | February 1993 | JP |
08023420 | January 1996 | JP |
Type: Grant
Filed: Jun 22, 2016
Date of Patent: Jan 2, 2018
Inventor: James Malatesta (Hockessin, DE)
Primary Examiner: William Doerrler
Application Number: 15/189,723
International Classification: B65H 3/04 (20060101); B65H 5/00 (20060101);