Abstract: A scored blank adapted to be folded into container form suitable for use as a disposable savings bank.

Abstract: A packaging means intended to contain one or more fragile articles such as ceramic models comprises a container with walls of shock absorbing material, and supporting means in the container for holding a relatively robust part of the article in a position such that the article is held away from the walls of the container. The supporting means, which may take the form of a shelf with parts which can be moved in the plane of the shelf to hold or release the article, is held in the container with shock absorbing means which allows the supporting means to move relative to the container.

Abstract: An easily fabricated, yet extremely sturdy packaging filler divider for merchandise display of cartons or the like is provided which includes an elongated, tubular body with a central reinforcing sheet therein having marginal flaps extending oppositely from the sheet and connected to opposed internal sidewall portions of the body; by virtue of this construction fabrication costs are drastically reduced since the filler can be produced from a single, continuous sheet of paper stock using completely automated equipment with only two simple folds being required, and moreover the resistance to crushing or other deformation of the filler is greatly enhanced. In preferred forms, the filler is fabricated from an initially flat, precut paper blank such that the finished divider can be folded to a flat storage position when not in use.

Abstract: A one-piece multicell reinforced carton insert having an exterior boundary sidewall, a bottom floor and a plurality of cell segments, integrally formed with the exterior boundary sidewall, which may be folded together to form a plurality of reinforced cells within the insert. The cell segments depend from the bottom edge of the outer boundary wall and are folded upwardly to create bottom and sidewalls of individual cells. Adjacent cell segments are interlockable with each other and with the sidewall, and when the entire carton insert is folded in position, a plurality of cells are created in a total reinforced structure.

Abstract: A partition arrangement formed of a unitary blank of foldable paperboard cut and scored to provide a bottom panel, a transverse partition cut from material of the bottom panel and hinged thereto, and a longitudinal partition member hinged to the bottom panel and having interlocking engagement with the transverse partition member.

Abstract: A unitary wrapper blank having top, bottom and side walls interconnected to form a tubular structure about a plurality of articles incorporates one composite wall formed of a pair of overlapping panels one of which incorporates at least one specially configured locking slit which receives a specially configured locking tab struck from the other lap panel after the locking tab is folded out of the plane of the other panel along a hinge line and into flat face contacting relation with an adjacent positioning tab formed on an edge of the other panel which tab also is inserted along with the locking tab into the locking slit. After the positioning tab and locking tab are fully inserted into the locking slit, the locking tab swings away from the positioning tab due to its inherent bias which tends to swing the locking tab into the plane of the panel from which it is struck.

Abstract: A cushion partition tray formed from a single piece blank cut, scored and slotted to form a bottom with panels framing the bottom, which panels can be cross folded and locked over the bottom into a partition tray with a center section surrounded by smaller sections, which small sections will serve as a cushion for the center section when the tray is inserted into a box.

Abstract: A one-piece molded egg carton of the type having a tray-like bottom section with two parallel rows of downwardly dished egg receiving pockets, two articulated trough-shaped cover sections integrally hinged to the opposite sides of the bottom section for closing up and over the rows of pockets filled with eggs to provide a substantially uninterrupted flat upper cover surface for displaying advertising information and/or content information. The two cover sections are locked in the closed position by male locking projections which positively engage female locking ledges provided by apertures in the bottom section between the rows of egg pockets. A series of window openings are provided on each side of the carton for viewing the contents of all the egg pockets without opening the carton.

Abstract: A paperboard blank for a flip-top container, a flip-top container and a method of assembly are disclosed. The containers feature an initially sealed flip-top separable along perforations accessibly disposed on the front panel of the container. When opened, the flip-top exposes an access cutout of an integral internal collar which increases the structural strength of the container at certain critical locations. Each side of the container is provided with a latch having mating portions which are detachably connected and thus positively aligned during all of the container assembly steps to eliminate registry problems between the mating portions of the latches.

Abstract: An enclosure including front and rear panels and having corresponding opposite side and opposite end edge portions is provided. Each pair of corresponding end edge portions and one pair of corresponding side edge portions of the front and rear panels are secured together with the other pair of corresponding side edge portions defining an opening therebetween. A closure gap including front and rear strips of a length greater than the aforementioned other pair of side edge portions of the front and rear panels is provided and the front and rear strips of the closure cap include corresponding opposite side and opposite end marginal portions with each pair of corresponding end marginal portions being secured together and one pair of corresponding side marginal portions being secured together, the other pair of corresponding side marginal portions of the cap defining an open side thereof.

Abstract: A vertical centrifugal is provided with an imperforate basket and a center feedcone which discharges the feed stream at the bottom of the basket through a plurality of discharge tubes extending radially from the lower portion of the feedcone. Within the feedcone are provided a plurality of substantially vertically extended vanes for accelerating the liquid feed stream.

Abstract: A combined selector-coder apparatus is disclosed for selecting one or more edge-notched cards from a stack and for edge coding cards by removing selected teeth. The coding apparatus of this invention comprises an integral part of the card selector and includes knife blades actuated by the code bars used to select cards. When a code bar is displaced, it shifts its associated knife blade which in turn cuts a tooth from an edge-notched card disposed in an adjacent card holder.

Abstract: A thermostatic control valve for a one-pipe steam system formed by the combination of a conventional vent valve and a temperature controlled valve for closing the flow passage into the vent valve at a pre-set ambient temperature. The temperature controlled valve is preferably in the form of a self-contained temperature responsive valve having a valve chamber with an inlet connection to a radiator of a one-pipe steam system and an outlet leading into the vent valve. A valve seat is provided between the inlet and the outlet and a valve member cooperates with the seat and is movably actuated through an arrangement controlled by a heat expansible fluid which may, if desired, be positioned in a remote bulb.

Abstract: A nozzle which may be used with a low volume sprayer and which includes a plurality of spirally directed vanes positioned about a liquid inlet tube. Air is forced between the vanes creating a vortex which directs the liquid being expelled from the inlet tube against the vanes and then shears the liquid from the edges of the vanes in atomized form.

Abstract: A shower head is provided which can, alternatively, provide a fine, steady stream of shower water or a coarser, pulsating stream of shower water to produce a massaging effect. All of the water stream is, initially, pulsed, but the pulsation is removed when a steady stream is desired.The incoming water enters the spinner of a Hero's engine axially; it causes rotation of the engine spinner as it leaves the tangentially directed exit spouts of the engine. The water then enters a chamber having a circular outlet cover plate carrying small peripheral holes and larger, more centrally located holes inside the periphery.A rotatable dial plate is positioned between the circular outer cover plate and the plenum chamber. This plate has holes in it which can be aligned with the large inner massaging holes, with channels leading to the outer peripheral holes, or at a position in between. The position of the dial plate is controlled by an associated control arm.

Abstract: A safety nozzle assembly for airless paint spray pistols including a guard member which extends downstream of the pistol and which receives the nozzle member in one end. The guard member has an increasing cross-section downstream of the nozzle accommodating a fan spray from the nozzle, the guard member having a generally flattened oval cross-section downstream of the nozzle and terminating in a discharge end which is arcuately curved along a radius generated adjacent the nozzle.

Abstract: A system for producing cracker meal by reclaiming baked products such as crackers and cookies from broken and rejected packages. The packages are shredded to break up the product and reduce the packaging material to strips so as to release most of the product from the confinement of the package. The strips of packaging material which are free of product are separated by aspiration from the product prices and the package portions, such as corners, still containing product pieces. The product pieces and remaining wrapper sections are passed through a mill which reduces the product pieces to a fine meal without cutting the wrapper pieces. The cracker meal is separated from these wrapper pieces by means of a shaker screen.

Abstract: A burner operative to inject fuel and a portion of the amount of air required for stoichiometric combustion as a core into a combustion zone and the balance of the air required for substantially stoichiometric combustion is introduced coaxially around the core to form an air jacket. The burner includes a central fuel delivery pipe, a first coaxial atomizing air delivery pipe and a second coaxially surrounding air delivery pipe. The central fuel delivery pipe terminates in an outer conical surface and the first coaxial air delivery pipe terminates in a spaced coaxial inner surface and a shaped transverse outer surface for shaping the central fuel-rich flame core. The second coaxial air delivery pipe delivers an air jacket to form the fuel core and additional air is delivered coaxially around a baffle assembly and in a direction generally parallel to the core for additional flame shaping.

Abstract: For use in an agricultural forage cutter, a recutter characterized by open passageways for ready passage of the forage material and by a grindable cutting edge on the recutter adjacent the path of the rotating cutter knives whereby a shearing action is achieved.

Abstract: A plate is detachably securable to the bottom of a conventional lawn mower. The plate covers approximately half of the bottom but leaves the portion open at the rear. A specifically altered cutting blade of the mower, driven by the motor, rotates over the top of the blade. Fixed blades attached to each end of the rotating blade cooperate with fixed fingers fixed to the plate to shred leaves picked up by the mower. The mower, with the device attached, can be placed on top of a stand that has an open front into which leaves may be raked. Thus, a fixed leaf shredder is formed, into which piles of leaves can be raked for efficient shredding and bagging.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for winding fiber glass roving, tape rope, and/or the like, on a mandrel. The apparatus includes a turntable rotatable in either direction about a vertical axis and carrying means for winding the reinforcing material on the mandrel in response to rotation of the turntable, the mandrel being located on the turntable axis. The machine also includes means for shifting the axis of a shaft carrying the mandrel angularly relative to a vertical position wherein the mandrel shaft axis coincides with the turntable axis. The apparatus further includes means for rotating the mandrel shaft about its axis in either direction, when the mandrel shaft is in its vertical position, to assist the rotation of the turntable in winding the reinforcing material about the mandrel. With this construction, the reinforcing material may be wound on the mandrel in a variety of patterns.

Abstract: The invention provides an apparatus suitable for helically winding tape from a source thereof, comprising tape receiving means, tape guide means, the said tape receiving means adapted to be rotatably driven by drive means. The guide means are adapted to be reciprocally driven by the drive means in a direction parallel to the axis of rotation of the tape receiving means, and means are provided to vary the linear speed of the guide means relative to the rotational speed of the tape receiving means.

Abstract: This invention provides a wrinkle-proof mechanism for a paper roll supply to a cutter in which a plurality of paper rolls are arranged linearly in two vertical stages and whereby the paper strip unwound from any one of said paper rolls excluding the foremost positioned roll is guided preferably linearly over the forwardly positioned paper roll or rolls to a fixed roller so that said paper strip will not hold or embrace the forwardly positioned paper roll or rolls. Movable rollers are provided between the foremost positioned paper rolls and said fixed roller, said movable rollers being arranged to move downward in proportion to the diameter of the paper roll decrease so that the angle at which said paper strip holds the foremost positioned paper roll is sharply reduced to thereby keep the paper strip free of wrinkles and reduce the braking force of the foremost paper roll.

Abstract: A paper roll holder having a cylindrical spring freely floating about one end of a spindle to frictionally engage the inner cord of a paper roll as the roll is pushed onto the spindle, retaining the roll securely in position. A thin cylindrical tube interposed between the spring and the spindle prevents interference of the spring with the spindle during insertion and rotation of the paper roll.

Abstract: A miniature tape cartridge comprising a housing for carrying an endless recording tape therein. The housing has a front end with at least one opening for access to part of the recording tape entrained therein past the opening for engagement of the tape with an external drive source for displacing the tape at a predetermined speed and to permit an external detection means to contact and detect information signals recorded on the tape. Alignment means are also provided and associated with the front end of the cartridge for positioning the tape in a predetermined plane with respect to the external detection means. Also provided is a tape adaptor for receiving the cartridge therein and for positioning same in a continuous loop tape player whereby the tape can be engaged by a drive source and detection means.

Abstract: A tissue dispensing device for a roll of tissue comprises a housing having a slot formed therethrough. A tissue-supporting spool is rotatably mounted in the housing and supports a roll of tissue thereon for rotation therewith. A spool rotating device is affixed to the spool and extends out of the housing for rotating the spool to pass tissue through the slot of the housing.

Abstract: A strap dispenser for a strapping machine includes a dancer arm connected to a double acting pneumatic cylinder assembly wherein the piston has a rod end and a larger area piston end. Air under the same pressure is applied to both ends before strap feeding begins and during the time that the strapping machine is reversed to withdraw strap from the machine. The resultant differential pressure retracts the dancer arm with the assistance of a relatively weak spring. During strap feeding both ends of the cylinder are exhausted, the piston end exhausting through an adjustable throttle valve. This provides a passive resistance to advance of the dancer arm as the strap reel is being accelerated during the strap feeding operation.

Abstract: A tethering device kit particularly adapted for use with a self-propelled lawnmower. The kit includes a turret head having a pair of upstanding winding stakes, a tether cord being wound in loop formation about those stakes. The turret head is provided with a base mount that permits it to be fixed onto the rim of an automobile wheel. The base mount is fabricated such that the central axis of the turret head is coaxially disposed with the rotational axis of the wheel when connected thereto. At least one ground stake extends from the underside of the turret head in a direction opposite to that which the winding stakes extend. The ground stake or stakes are positioned so that same penetrate the ground when the wheel, with the turret mounted unit, is laid flat on the ground so that the winding stakes extend upward. A center sleeve in the turret head provides the bearing which permits the wheel to be raised on edge by a special removable handle, and then rolled to a new position. The handle is included in the kit.

Abstract: A vehicle sensitive inertial retractor for safety belting and the like which includes a frame or base supporting a webbing receptacle in the form of a spring motor loaded reel or drum and biased to rewind. The frame also supports a saddle and the saddle provides a fulcrum seat for an inertially displaceable pendulum mass. A lever, pivotal in the frame is positioned to engage the pendulum in a following relation and a finger portion of the lever holds a face clutch plate against movement corresponding to the outgoing of the adjacent drum or reel which accompanies withdrawal of webbing. The clutch plate includes a cam portion which normally blocks a spring biased pawl bar from lock engagement with ratchet wheels on the reel or drum. Clutch rotation limiting means are also provided in the frame of the retractor restricting the extremes of rotation of the clutch plate in the manner of a stop.

Abstract: Wire, cable, rope, and the like, in the form of an annular coil is stored on a vertical hollow spindle which rests on a base that has downwardly extending legs. The spindle and annular coil are disposed over an opening in the base so that one end of the wire or other material can be pulled from the upper end of the coil, down through the spindle and opening in the base, and out from under the base. An upwardly converging cap on the upper end of the spindle prevents adjacent turns of the material from tangling when the material is pulled from the coil.

Abstract: Control information for guiding of vehicles such as a missile, projectile or manned vehicle, is carried on an optical beam directed at such vehicle from a ground station. Information for roll stabilization of such vehicle is carried in such beam in the form of a polarized light wave. A polarizing beam splitter which is aligned with the vertical axis of the vehicle and carried thereon receives the beam and provides light outputs from one face thereof which is in accordance with the cosine squared of the angle between the vertical axis of the vehicle (or any other predetermined reference angle thereof) and the polarization angle of the light beam, and from an orthogonal face thereof which is in accordance with the sine squared of this same angle. The light emitted from each of the beam splitter surfaces is transduced to electrical form by means of light detectors and these electrical signals appropriately amplified for use in controlling a roll stabilization system.

Abstract: An accelerator including a framework having an aerodynamic fairing shaped to provide positive pitch and directional stability and including a support and attachment system for holding a fully fueled horizontal takeoff space vehicle such that the negative structure loadings are reduced to a minimum. The running gear system includes a plurality of wheel tire sets with braking and decelerating systems associated therewith.

Abstract: A controller for avoiding the pitching up of aircraft. A device is provided which, at a predetermined combination of the angle of attack and the aerodynamic rate of change of the angle of attack, supplied by a pitch rate gyro in connection with an electrical network, interrupts the pilot's command signal and transfers the control of the aircraft to the control device. The control device causes the aircraft to move through its change command by the pilot at primarily an optimum permissible limit for the angle of attack (.alpha.) and an optimum permissible limit for the aerodynamic rate of change for the rate of attack (.omega..sub.7 *). An optimum permissible limit which corresponds to the optimum permissible limit (.alpha. permissible) for the angle of attack (.alpha.) is also provided so that all control operations commanded by the pilot which would exceed .alpha. permissible are stopped prematurely.

Abstract: A mooring and landing device for aircraft which are capable of vertical dent for landing comprising an inflatable tube-type device, or trunk, attached to the bottom surface of the craft. The trunk is in the shape of a doughnut and the open interior compartment formed by the inflated trunk and the bottom surface of the craft is evacuated to a pressure lower than atmospheric so that the difference between the compartment pressure and the atmospheric pressure moors the craft to the ground. The trunk is inflated to a pressure greater than atmospheric and may be formed with a plurality of holes to provide an air cushion for lubrication purposes.

Abstract: The device comprises a first gripping band of the Velcro type which is secured to a first of the parachute pack flaps and engages a second gripping band of the Velcro type secured to a second pack flap opposite the first flap. The pack is opened by an opening control device which is connected through a flexible connecting element to an edge of the second gripping band in such manner that a pull on the opening control device causes the second gripping band to be disengaged by peeling off from the first gripping band in starting from the edge. In an alternative arrangement, the first and second gripping bands are interconnected not directly but by an independent gripping band which is disengaged by peeling off from the first and second gripping bands for opening the pack. The opening control device may be an automatic pack opening strap coiled on the pack.

Abstract: A kite is disclosed having a main body portion fabricated of a flexible material and having a pair of leading edges diverging generally rearwardly from a forward apex, with a strut fixed to each edge to hold it rigid. The body portion is folded to provide a central longitudinal double-ply pleat, and another central strut is disposed and fixed along the pleat. The pair of diverging struts each have a pocket wherein the respective end of a cross-strut is disposed. The cross-strut is secured to the central strut at the point where the two cross. For added strength with decreased weight the portions of the kite are held together with a suitable adhesive tape.

Abstract: An improved train vehicle speed control system is provided for operation in conjunction with train vehicle occupancy control signals and train occupancy indication signals in relation to a train vehicle track system including a plurality of predetermined track circuit signal blocks through which the train vehicles pass. It is desired that control of train vehicle speed be provided in relation to the detected occupancy by the train vehicle in a particular signal block, for maintaining train vehicle occupancy protection requirements and providing protection signals to establish desired sequential occupancy control of the train vehicles through each of selected signal blocks adjacent to that particular signal block. Spurious pseudo vehicle occupancy in any signal block is detected and included in the provided train speed control in relation to that signal block.

Abstract: A railroad-highway grade-crossing warning system is accomplished by control circuitry for synchronizing the flash rates of incandescent and xenon lamps so as to produce a continuously uniform signal pattern which can be rapidly identified and understood by a motorist.

Abstract: Trains approaching the junction switch for two converging rail lines are detected by separate approach relays which repeat one or more track sections along each approach line. Each approach relay is reset when the train from the corresponding branch, as designated by switch correspondence relays, occupies the switch detector track section. The approach relays control the position of a magnetic stick sequencing relay. The reset of each approach relay by switch section occupancy assures the alternate positioning of the sequencing relay when successive trains simultaneously approach on both branches. The sequencing relay position selects a corresponding interlocking route relay which prepares and initiates the establishment of the route over the junction switch for the next train. Since the sequencing relay alternately operates to each of its positions, the route relays are alternately selected and trains thus alternately move from each approach branch line into the single track.

Abstract: An electrical outlet boxholder comprising a generally U-shaped strap member which is adapted to be inserted into an opening formed in a wall member. The strap member comprises a base portion and a pair of legs which depend therefrom. The outer ends of the legs terminate in laterally extending portions adapted to engage the outside surface of the wall member. A retainer is adjustably slidably mounted on each of the legs and has a first portion adapted to engage the inner surface of the wall member. Each of the retainers also has a second portion which is adapted to extend through the opening. The outlet box is inserted into the opening and is received between the retainers. The second portions of the retainers are deformable so that they may be bent inwardly around the outer edges of the outlet box. A modified form of the invention is disclosed for mounting an outlet or light fixture box in an opening formed in a ceiling.

Abstract: A pipe support comprises a pipe shoe, an upper stainless steel bearing member curved upwardly at opposed edges to provide vertical stainless steel returns, and a lower bearing member having a bearing surface of low-friction material surmounting a layer of elastomeric material. The pipe shoe is advantageously of U-shape, W-shape or inverted Tee-shape and has a serrated or toothed upper periphery capable of being tailored prior to use by removal of the tips of the teeth to suit the specific geometry of pipe diameter and desired bottom-of-pipe to top-of-steel dimensions. A method of manufacturing U-shaped and inverted Tee-shaped serrated or toothed shoes in pairs is also provided, which involves cutting a rectangular tube longitudinally along two opposite sides or cutting a structural steel I- or H-section longitudinally thereof with a zigzag line of cut, whereby to form two similar serrated-edged halves.

Abstract: An holder for supporting a warmed baby bottle while an infant feeds therefrom, the holder consisting of a single part having a ring at one end through which the bottle is inserted, and the other end of the device forming a long handle that is parallel and spaced from a side of the bottle so that it can be conveniently held in a person's hand.

Abstract: A tripod leg is provided which distributes a portion of the forces produced by the supported object. These forces are directed substantially away from the means used to releasably hold the relatively movable members. Thus, a pair of parallel rods of a leg are separated by a first and second spacer. A third rod is attached to one spacer and extends between two parallel rods. A lower hollow member of the leg is inserted through a hole in the lowermost spacer and engages the third rod. Secured to the lower rod is a collar having a screw means for engaging and releasably holding the third rod.

Abstract: A hollow horizontal support of inverted U-shaped cross-section has a base plate secured transversely thereto at its rearward end, and also has parallel side walls interconnected by a top wall, and further has a forward end wall with a downwardly-extending portion serving as a fixed article-gripping jaw. Slidably mounted in a hole in this end wall and provided with a movable article-gripping jaw projecting downward therefrom is a spring-pressed plunger, the forward end of which projects forwardly through the forward end wall in a push-button portion, the rearward end of which slidably engages the side wall of a hole in the front wall of a hollow rear spring abutment and plunger guide member of up-ended scoop-shaped form disposed in the interior of the U-shaped support and held therein by integral transverse lugs projecting laterally therefrom and fitting into notches in step portions of the opposite side walls of the support.

Abstract: In an ejector pin assembly for injection moulding tools the ejector pin plate is positively retracted and locked in its rear position by providing the tool with a rearwardly extending hollow housing, having an inner annular pocket, by slidably arranging in said housing a slidable member, being connected to the ejector pin plate and having radial holes for receiving cupling elements such as balls, segments or the like, by arranging in said housing a spring operated member, which normally prevents the coupling elements from penetrating said sliding member inwardly and by securing to the generally stationary ejector means of the injection moulding machine an ejector rod, which near its free end has an annular groove into which said coupling elements may enter when said rod has been introduced in the housing and the spring operated member as a consequence thereof has been displaced such that it does not any longer cover said openings.

Abstract: Disclosed is a support for use in setting anchor bolts, and the like, in a monolithic poured concrete slab and the method of using the same. The support has a plate with a plurality of elongate legs extending from one side thereof. A wooden block is attached to the other side of the plate by nails extending through bores in the plate. A template is provided with a plurality of bores of a size to receive anchor bolt assemblies therein. The bores in the template have a spacial relationship according to the desired location of the anchor bolts in the slab. A central referencing hole is provided in the center of the template for releasably attaching the template to the upper surface of the wooden block during the installation procedure. To use the apparatus, the legs of the support are first embedded in the subsoil of the slab before the slab is cast. The upper surface of the block is leveled in position at a desired height. A nail is inserted in the wooden block at the theoretical center of the column.

Abstract: An eccentrically rotatable control valve having a spherical shaped valve plug is positioned in a valve chamber to regulate the flow of fluid there through. The valve plug is retained in a loosely captured position by means of a bolt and spring to the end of a valve actuating arm for flexible, swivel movement thereon. This construction enables the plug to be initially rotated from a completely open position into line contact with a part of the valve seat in the wall of the chamber, and to then be jointly tilted and rolled about this seat part into and out of fluid tight surface to surface contact with the entire valve seat. The plug and arm are mounted on and for limited longitudinal movement with an associated valve actuator shaft that extends through the chamber. The latter construction provides a means by which the plug can center itself in a properly seated fluid tight position on the seat in the event that the valve seat is out of properly aligned seating surface engagement with the plug.

Abstract: An elongated body is provided with a transverse bore for receiving a short tube having flared ends adapted to be joined to adjacent ends of a refrigerant line. An axial threaded socket, in the adjacent end of the body communicating with the transverse bore, receives a valve core equipped valve housing for providing communication with the bore of the refrigerant line.

Abstract: The valve seat of a butterfly valve is defined by a circular edge on a land-like radially inward projection in the valve housing, lying in a plane normal to the axis of the fluid passage through the seat. The valve member rotates about a pivot axis which is transverse to the passage axis, spaced in one direction from it and spaced to one side of said plane. The valve member has a peripheral sealing surface corresponding to the frustum of an oblique circular cone symmetrical to a plane containing the passage axis and normal to the pivot axis, which cone (considering the valve member in closed position) has its apex at the other side of the valve seat plane and spaced in said one direction from the passage axis.

Abstract: A gate valve structure for use in mains carrying fluids, the gate valve structure being provided with a casing having a through-bore and a chamber communicating with the through-bore and in which a gate member reciprocates between closed and opened positions of the valve. The valve casing is split into two body members on a plane normal to the axis of the through-bore and one of the body members is arranged to contain all of the functional parts of the valve, including the valve seat, gate member, and actuating means for the gate member. By such an arrangement, the valve seat surrounding the through-bore in the one body member may be easily machined by conventional machining methods and the internal surfaces of both body members may be easily treated to make them non-corrosive.