Abstract: A method of making a mail piece construction including a series of interconnected envelope assemblies wherein each assembly includes a panel, the major portion of which constitutes the envelope front and flap and wherein a smaller discrete back is secured on three sides to the envelope front to provide a removable strip whereby the assembly is useful as a return envelope.

Abstract: A gas shielding method for a fuel exchange pool in which, in order to shield radioactive gas generated in said fuel exchange pool by forming a gas curtain flowing in one direction above the fuel pool, both a ratio between a blown-out quantity and a sucked quantity of the gas flow and a temperature difference between the gas and the water in the fuel pool are suitably selected.

Abstract: An air inlet through which supply air is blown into the room of a building or the like including at least one roller-shaped elongated blowing element, two mutually parallel disposed bearing shells between which the blowing element is mounted and at least one spring clamp. The spring clamp engages both bearing shells and retains them in assembly with the blowing element to thereby hold the blowing element in a form-fitting and positive force-transmitting manner while permitting the blowing element to pivot about its longitudinal axis. The blowing element includes walls defining a passage through which the air passes into the room. In one embodiment the walls define projections which in turn define an inlet passage for the blowing element which is narrower in width than its outlet passage.

Abstract: A brewer, for making predetermined quantities of instant (water-soluble) coffee, having a heating chamber where the water is heated, a brewing chamber within the heating chamber and connected to an outlet, and means for transferring a predetermined quantity of heated water from the heating chamber to the brewing chamber in such a manner that the heated water enters the brewing chamber with a swirling action that dissolves and mixes the coffee in the heated water.

Abstract: A cooking utensil having a perforated metal disc disposed in the bottom of the utensil to prevent a liquid from boiling over when the utensil is placed over heat.

Abstract: Kernel corn is dried by piercing the pericarp prior to drying. Apparatus for doing this comprises means to feed the kernels in uniformly oriented relation to a needle cylinder with a stripping comb. The kernels are resiliently pressed against the needle cylinder by a resilient surface which may be either on a cylinder or an endless belt. Orientation of the kernels may be effected either between that endless belt and another endless belt, or else in a vibrating chute.

Abstract: A hay baler for picking up windrowed hay, forming a cylindrical bale, feeding twine onto the bale during the latter stage of bale formation, and cutting the twine after the bale is wrapped. The hay is picked up and fed rearwardly under a press roller onto an endless belt. A plurality of oppositely running belts is disposed above the lower belt defining a bale-forming zone there-between. The twine extends from a source of supply on the baler through an elongated twine feed tube. The tube is pivotally mounted such that its dispensing end is swingable through an arc above the incoming hay to and from a home position for feeding twine into the hay and around the bale. As the tube is swung back toward the home position a twine hook is actuated through an interconnected linkage and the twine is pulled downwardly onto a fixed knife which severs the twine.

Abstract: A bending foot is placed in the middle of an aluminum beer can laying on the roadside and the foot is pushed down by a stalk extending upward from the foot. This causes the ends of the can to angle inward as the center of the can is flattened out; then, the ends of the can are folded over the foot by stepping on a platen which is telescoped to the stalk. With the can folded around the foot, the tool with the can is lifted and the can slipped off.

Abstract: A refuse compactor includes a refuse storage body, a compaction panel movable within the storage body to give refuse within said body an initial pack and a stuffer panel movable within said body to provide the refuse with a secondary pack.The stuffer panel may apply a higher packing pressure to the refuse than the compaction panel.The secondary pack applied to refuse by the stuffer panel has an upward component of movement with a greater upward inclination than the packing force applied to the refuse through movement of the compaction panel thereby offsets the gravitational effect of increased densification of refuse in the lower portion of the refuse storage body.First and second hydraulic motor means are respectively connected to the compaction panel and the stuffer panel.

Abstract: A safety guard structure for protecting personnel from injury while operating a machine such as a punch press. The guard member is supported at three points for vertical movement between upper and lower positions. At two upper points the guard is supported on rollers which roll on vertically extending parallel guides and at one lower point the guard is centrally supported on the lower end of a vertically extending rod slidable in fixed bearings. The resulting structure is not only economical to build but gives optimum guiding effect for the guard. The embodiment disclosed permits the entire guard structure to be swung outwardly to a position permitting access to the machine above the protected area.

Abstract: A manually operated press comprising a base, a movable platen opposed to the base and a frame attached to the base and carrying a movable platen includes a novel platen supporting and actuating structure which provides for adjustment of the pressure to be exerted by the press upon an object placed between the base and the platen and for adjustment to compensate for the thickness of the object to be placed between the platen and the base.

Abstract: The press comprises a main cage provided with a perforated cylindrical wall which may be driven in rotation by a motor and an auxiliary cage having a perforated wall integral with a plate which is movable in translation and connected to rotate with the main cage. A screw is provided and driven in rotation by a motor on which screw the hub of the movable plate is screwthreadedly mounted. The end wall of the press is rotatably mounted on the screw. When pressing, the juice flows radially through the two perforated walls.

Abstract: A transfer machine and system is disclosed which automatically performs a series of marking, cutting, sorting, and the like operations in the manufacture of a large number of test material samples. The transfer machine operates under the control of a card or tape reader which provides coded information such as marking indicia, pattern number and thickness of the material for each test sample. This information is encoded, temporarily stored and then shifted in a series of parallel shift registers in sequence with the corresponding test sample as it progresses through each stage of the transfer machine. The contents of the shift registers at each stage are decoded to provide the control signals for the corresponding marking, cutting, sorting, and similar operations.

Abstract: A printing device having a printing head opposite a cylindrical anvil. The printing head is displaceable along a guide rod which is connected by pivotable arms to a pressure roller which is spring-biased against the anvil. The arms pivot about an axis parallel to the longitudinal axis of the anvil.When the thickness of the record carrier changes, the distance between printing head and record carrier is kept constant by movement of the distance roller, which in a preferred embodiment is also used as a drive roller for transporting the record carrier.

Abstract: A silk screen printing machine wherein a hollow endless stencil surrounds a liquid applying roll and the latter is driven independently of the stencil by a detachable infinitely variable speed drive having a gear which is keyed to an extension at one end of the shaft for the liquid applying roll. The drive is mounted on a carriage so that it can be transported between several screen printing stations.

Abstract: An arrangement on screen printing machines, particularly rotary screen printing machines, in which the dyestuff is taken from a dye pan and passed through the apertures in a screen and is applied onto the web of goods to be treated, which comprises a dye shutter disposed in the penetration zone for the dyestuff on the side of the screen remote from the weg of goods, to be closed when the machine is stopped.

Abstract: Combination stamp comrpises a plurality of independent stamp elements joined together for use in combination. The stamp element includes a stamp frame having a stamp plate at its lower end and a top wall and four side walls. A dovetail-like vertical projection is formed on one of the opposing side walls and a dovetail-like vertical groove in the other side wall. Engagement of the projection in the groove joins adjacent stamp elements together against horizontal displacement. Each of the other opposing side walls has a horizontal groove in its upper portion. The joined stamp elements are so adjusted that the horizontal grooves therein are in alignment with each other, and a cover having inward projections along the opposite side edges thereof is fitted over the stamp elements, with the inward projections engaged in the aligned horizontal grooves, whereby the stamp elements are prevented from vertical displacement.

Abstract: A device for removing the solvent wash liquid that is applied to a lithographic blanket for the purpose of removing the residual ink image constructed of a pair of flat plates, separated from one another by a narrow height in the range of 0.005 inches to 0.06 inches, and which provides a capillary channel between the two plates for collecting liquid. The front edge of the lower plate is formed into a wiping edge which makes contact with the full width of the blanket and acts as a wiper blade for accumulating liquid at the entryway of the channel. Any liquid presented to the capillary channel immediately fills the channel and excess liquid flows out the back end of the channel by force of gravity into a collecting vessel. Optionally, a negative pressure pulse of short duration may be applied to the channel in order to assist in the rapid removal of any accumulated liquid within.

Abstract: An electrical explosive igniter, or initiator, of the cylindrical type hag electrical leads coming through to a bridge wire in an ignition mix container. An anvil cutter of cylindrical shape is force-fitted into the center of the igniter and a movable piston is spaced therefrom. The piston has a tapered internal boring. When the piston is forced sharply backward by the internal pressures of the ignited explosives, it shears the wires against the anvil cutter and the tapered portion forms a tight metal-to-metal seal between the anvil cutter and the igniter wall. The greater the pressure, the better the seal becomes.

Abstract: A projectile having a minimum of base drag effect and a maximum of velocity nd range during its operational flight, as caused by a controlled propellant gas discharge through a porous disc in the base of the projectile. A rearwardly exhausting propellant gas generator is ignited by a pressure sensitive igniter. The igniter is actuated by the porous disc which is slidably mounted in the rearward end of the projectile and responsive to a cartridge propelling charge.

Abstract: A conveyor system in which code devices with reflectors mounted on trucks selectively coact with optoelectronic reader units to cause spur line switches to selectively divert the trucks from a main line to particular spur lines is disclosed. Each reader unit has an energy beam emitter and a beam sensor both covered by a barrier surface. The emitter casts a beam upwardly at an angle to the vertical through a cover opening so that the reflector of a particular code device will reflect the beam through the opening to the sensor which thereupon initiates actuation of a spur line switch.

Abstract: A truck for a high speed rail vehicle which has a friction bearing between the car body and the truck frame so as to restrain movement of the frame about its vertical axis until the friction between the friction bearing and the truck frame has been overcome. The truck also has axle bearings in the form of mutually inclined surfaces made of material of high stiffness in the normal direction of travel of the truck.

Abstract: This invention involves a pallet for use in automatic stitching machines which insures proper registration of a workpiece with respect to the stitching instruments and maintenance of such registration during machine operation. Basically, the pallet is constructed of two outer plates hinged together to form a sandwich type arrangement having openings therein to allow for access of the stitching instruments to the workpiece. These openings are generally identical and are accurately located with respect to the stitching instruments. In the interior of the pallet means are provided for removably securing the workpiece in accurate registration with the stitching instruments. The access openings may be designed to receive overlay or overlapping portions of a composite workpiece and additional outer or interior plates may be provided to accommodate a wide variety of workpieces.

Abstract: A catamaran vessel has a central longitudinal axis and is provided with a pair of elongated hulls located at opposite sides of its axis and each provided with a bulbous forefoot which is inclined to the longitudinal axis of the vessel. A hydrofoil connects the forefeet and has in a plan view an arrowhead-shaped configuration whose tip may point forwardly or rearwardly with respect to the direction of movement of the vessel.

Abstract: A container for liquefied gas in which a vapor-tight sealing layer is placed on the inside of an outer layer of reinforced concrete. On the inside of the vapor-tight sealing layer, a heat insulating layer is deposited consisting of closed-cell synthetic resin foam.

Abstract: The cringle or grommet disclosed is adapted for applying substantial loads to a fabric sail such, for instance, as a main sail or a genoa jib, and may be located at the clew of the sail to which point some rope or the like is attached for trimming the sail. The cringle employs a pair of complementary ring members, one on one side and the other on the other side of the fabric of the sail, each having a multiplicity of holes therethrough which are in registering relation and through which holes there is located rivets to clamp the rings together on the sail. The rings may be applied to the sail before an opening through the rings or through the sail is made after which an opening is made through the rings by a heated tool guided by the inner edge of the rings, which step melts the synthetic fabric of the sail so that the melted thickened periphery enters the chamfered inner edge of the rings, thus assisting in applying more resistance to a sail being pulled from between the rings.

Abstract: An inflatable, weighted boat fender is disclosed which is particularly suitable for protecting the hull of the boat during passage of the boat through locks. The fender comprises a sealed, flexible, fluidtight bag formed from two elongated sheets of flexible fluidtight material sealed together about their peripheries and having a transverse seal which forms first and second sealed compartments. The transverse seal is located closer to one end of the bag than the other. First and second ports are respectively provided in the first and second compartments for admitting air to the first compartment and for admitting a heavier substance such as water to the second compartment.

Abstract: An anchoring device for small boats which can be easily secured to the water bank is provided comprising two arms attached together at one of their ends at an angle of approximately 90.degree., one arm being longer than the other arm and each arm having a pointed end. A rope attaching device is slidably mounted to one arm of the anchoring device and moves up and down the arm as the water level rises or drops.

Abstract: A thrust coupling to be mounted on the bow of a thrust-exerting watercraft has a support on which a hemi-spherical element is mounted for free rotation about an axis extending transverse to the direction of travel of the watercraft. The hemi-spherical element is to be freely turnably received in a vertical guide track on the stern of a watercraft to be pushed; it is composed of two hemi-spherical members whose flat sides are juxtaposed but spaced from one another. The outer surface of each member may carry a removable layer of high-friction material.

Abstract: An outboard vertical axis electric trolling motor has a combination power transmission means and clutch between the steering motor and the pivot shaft wherein the surface of a pulley wheel is covered with deformable elastic material such as O-rings to form temporary teeth upon engagement with timing belt teeth. A thrust-direction indicating pointer is linked to the wheel on the pivot shaft.

Abstract: This invention relates to a coating apparatus for coating the exterior of articles passing spray nozzles which are sequentially operated to prevent coating material from passing between adjacent articles. Each spray nozzle is operated to either apply a partial coating, a complete coating or several coatings to each article. The apparatus also includes timing screw and a turret conveyor which are rapidly stopped by means responsive to article jamming, and means are provided for facilitating the removal of jammed articles from a housing of the timing screw.

Abstract: A boat adapted to be powered by an outboard motor pivotally mounted on the transom, the motor of the type including a throttle and a gear shift. The boat includes a hull having a bottom wall, a bow and a stern and a floor adapted for supporting a rider in standing position intermediate the bow and stern. An upstanding rider support structure adjacent a forward portion of the floor extends upwardly to a level above the floor for providing physical support for a rider in standing position while riding the boat. A unitary control for the boat and outboard motor includes a handle bar structure pivotally mounted on the rider support structure and cable-connected for steering the outboard motor by pivoting the motor on the transom. A rotatable motor throttle control is mounted adjacent a portion on one side of the handle bar for axial rotation and is cable-interconnected for controlling the throttle position of the outboard motor.

Abstract: A paint spray control system for controlling a paint spray apparatus including a paint spray station having at least one spray gun and a conveyor for transporting objects of diverse styles is disclosed. The control system includes input means for depositing different sets of data words into a memory, some of the data words being in a first set representative of a predetermined position of an object of predetermined style and others being in a second set representative of the style of a specific object transported by the conveyor. The control system further includes means for supplying an increment signal representative of the position of an object transported by the conveyor relative to the spray station, and comparison means for comparing the increment signal and a specific one of the data words in the second set with the position and style information contained in data words in the first set.

Abstract: This invention pertains to apparatus for coating vitreous surfaces, advantageously precoated with a metal oxide, including a continuous treating chamber exposing the vitreous surfaces to the chemically unchanged vapor of a coating composition, particularly fatty acids, and also including heaters, vaporizers and fans in a special type of hooded enclosure for continuous recirculation of the coating composition to accomplish the method.

Abstract: An improved oil metering blade device for maintaining a uniform film of oil on the surface of a fuser roll of a heated pressure fusing apparatus for fusing toner images. The blade member is made from any suitable elastic material such as rubber with durometer between 57 and 67 and has a rectangular cross-section. In vicinity where it contacts the fuser roll surface the blade with a radially curved surface of between about 5 to about 20 mils.

Abstract: Apparatus for spraying plastic insulating material on the inner surfaces of the inner hull of a tanker for transporting liquefied gas, e.g. LNG, LPG, etc. The apparatus comprises a vertical column adapted to be mounted in a tank, hinged extendible arm rotatable around and up and down on the column, a carriage carried on the free end of the arm, and spraying apparatus on the carriage.

Abstract: In a developing chamber for electrostatic latent images, to avoid potential fluctuations within the developer, in particular in the field of the magnet, and to increase the frictional forces between the toner and the paper, an auxiliary electrode which is at the same electric potential as the chamber is disposed in the chamber at a slight distance from the record carrier, in the field of the magnet.

Abstract: A dog bed comprising a first resting place for a dog which resting place is arranged in a housing comprising a bottom plate and having walls and being closed on all sides with the exception of a section comprising an entrance for the dog. The dog bed includes a second resting place provided in vertically spaced relationship to the first resting place which latter is open to all sides.

Abstract: A fluid conductivity measurement apparatus in which the minimum conductivity of one fluid of a group of fluids is determined by comparing electrical conductivities, and the ratios of each of the conductivities to the minimum conductivity are calculated. Where cow's milk is the fluid passing through the apparatus, a determined deviant increase in ratio has been found to be evidence of a high probability of bovine mastitis.

Abstract: A simplified and continuous process for the removal of sulfur compounds and other impurities such as silicates from high sulfur coal or fuel oil during combustion in a molten salt bath containing a collector which reacts with the sulfur and other impurities. Sulfate and silicate impurities together with other by-products are removed by gravity separation from the molten salt bath as slurry from which the soluble salts may be regenerated and recycled continuously. Flue gases are recycled through the molten salt bath for sulfur-free emission to the atmosphere.

Abstract: A new type of engine, which incorporates rotors each equipped with a plurality of vanes and has a volume of a portion necessary for constant pressure heating expansion turned into a volume of an air motor side, is composed by functionally combining vane rotary air compressors and vane rotary air motors. More particularly, there is an engine conception mainly intended for vehicles of solving, without reducing the engine efficiency, problems concerning complete combustion and prevention of nitric oxide production, which have been generally considered it difficult to realize by reciprocating engines.

Abstract: This is a continuation-in-part to a previous patent application now pending entitled Two-Rotor Engine, Ser. No. 542,250. In accord with said patent pending, the present invention also involves an engine comprising a cavity of genus 1 generated by the revolution of a rectangle about an axis. Two sets of diaphragms with n diaphragms in each set are alternated inside the cavity of revolution, separating the cavity in 2n chambers, the volume of n chambers increasing while the volume of the other n chambers is decreasing when the two sets of diaphragms are forced to rotate with respect to each other. In the present invention, one set of diaphragms is attached to a center rotor, the other set being attached to a side rotor. While in the Two-Rotor Engine, the two sets of diaphragms are attached to the two side rotors which, in turn, are connected to the two side gears of a differential assembly. The changing of volume of chambers is used to execute complex thermodynamic cycles.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method and apparatus for operating an internal combustion engine whereby to obtain maximum efficiency concomitant with minimum pollution of the atmosphere due to the discharge of exhaust gases. The engine is fueled with a stratified charge of a combustion supporting gaseous mixture, followed by the force injection of a fluidized fuel. To assure proper combustion, particularly at low loads, the intake volume of said combustion supporting medium is throttled. The conditions resulting within each combustion chamber are enrichment of the combustible charge and higher temperatures. As progressively greater loads are applied to the engine, the throttling action is progressively reduced to maintain a combustible, yet lean, mixture to midload. Further increase in load is accomplished by enrichment through increased fuel input.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine with charge stratification and spark ignition comprises a main combustion chamber and an auxiliary combustion chamber, the main combustion chamber and the auxiliary combustion chamber being interconnected by a short passage. Hot gases flow past an outer surface of the auxiliary combustion chamber in heat exchange contact therewith for rapidly heating the auxiliary combustion chamber to a temperature within an optimum range to prevent condensation from forming in the auxiliary combustion chamber.

Abstract: A prechamber in the cylinder head of an internal combustion engine is fed with a rich air-fuel mixture by means of a valve comprising a flexible blade element which normally rests on a flat seat. The actuator control for opening of the blade element is effected on the one hand by natural aspiration of the cylinder and on the other hand by a cam element carried by a cam shaft and directly acting on the flexible blade element.

Abstract: A mechanical valve lifter including a cup member adapted to fit over the end of a valve stem, the cup member having a boss therein with an axial bore extending from one end thereof and a threaded bore extending radially from the exterior of the cup member to intersect the bore in the boss, an elastomer plug positioned in the bore of the boss, a piston member slidably received in the bore with one side thereof in abutment with the elastomer plug and the other side engageable with the end of the valve stem and, an internal wrenching head screw threaded into the threaded bore to engage the elastomer plug.

Abstract: Electromagnetic treatment of liquid fuel charge shortly prior to atomization in carburetor and of cycled crankcase gaseous suspension prior to passage to automobile internal combustion engine combustion chamber improves fuel utilization efficiency and reduces pollutants in exhaust.

Abstract: Apparatus for recycling gas exhausted from an internal combustion engine includes a return conduit communicating with the intake manifold of the engine and a return valve for controlling the quantity of exhaust gas recycled to the intake manifold. A connecting linkage operatively coupling the return valve to the engine throttle valve insures that the return valve operates in accordance with the relative position of the throttle valve. The return valve includes a valve housing interposed between and communicating with the return conduit and the intake manifold and a valve body movable in the housing so as to vary the cross-sectional flow area available in the housing. A valve stem mounts the valve body at one end and is operatively coupled at its other end to the connecting linkage. In accordance with the invention, an elastic diaphragm extends radially outwardly from the valve stem of the return valve to the interior surface of the valve housing.

Abstract: A self contained fuel heating apparatus for the heating of fuel for an internal combustion engine to raise the temperature thereof prior to the passage of the fuel into the engine for combustion. The fuel heating apparatus includes a tank defining a chamber having cooling medium inlet and outlet means to allow circulation of heated cooling medium in the chamber. A portion of the fuel line passes through the chamber where heat is exchanged from the cooling medium to the fuel prior to combustion. An auxiliary heater unit maintains the fuel and cooling medium heated in the chamber when the engine is not in operation to facilitate starting of a cold engine once again.

Abstract: A mixture-drawing internal combustion engine comprises a cooling water circulation system, an intake conduit and an automatically controlled heating device in heat exchange contact with the intake conduit. The heating device receives cooling water from the cooling water circulation system and exhaust gases from the internal combustion engine. A shutoff device controls the flow of the cooling water through the heating device. The shutoff device remains closed until a predetermined cooling water temperature is reached. When the predetermined cooling water temperature is reached, the shutoff device opens increasingly as the temperature of the cooling water rises.