Abstract: Improvements in the apparatus for calcining powdered cement material and removing nitrogen oxides from the entire exhaust gases from the burning equipment. The apparatus comprises making the most of the sensible heat and fluidity of the cement material preheated by the burning equipment and using the material as a catalyst for diffusing and vaporizing the fuel, thereby producing reducing gases, and then bringing the reducing gases into contact with combustion gases from the kiln for stepwise combustion. The invention is also concerned with other improvements in the apparatus for carrying the method into practice.

Abstract: The shaft cooler comprises a plurality of power-driven adjacent horizontal hollow perforated comminuting rolls. An upper section of the shaft cooler is adapted to hold a layer of material from 50 to 100 cm. deep above the rolls. Cooling air is supplied to the interior of each roll to cause it to be discharged into such layer of material. An aftercooling section below the rolls is provided with means for indirect cooling of the comminuted material and has a depth which is several times that of said layer.

Abstract: A rotary kiln comprises a rotary drum having a large number of lifters along its inner wall. The end portion of each lifter which is extended interiorly of the rotary drum is bent in the rotational direction of the rotary drum. To the end of each lifter are attached a number of chain like fittings which makes sliding movements along the inner wall surface of the rotary drum and along the upper and lower faces of each lifter in accordance with the rotation of the rotary drum. The chain like fittings so act as to prevent a substance to be dried from adhering to the inner wall of the rotary drum and to the lifters through making sliding movements in accordance with the drum rotation. Further, since the chain like fittings act to break the substance into small pieces and to release it upon dropping due to their own weights, it is dried effectively.

Abstract: New tolane compounds, a novel process for their manufacture as well as their use as optical brighteners for high-molecular organic materials, particularly polyamides and cellulose are disclosed.

Abstract: The dye receptivity of polyolefin materials, used as backings for tufted surface coverings such as carpets and upholstery fabrics, is improved by coating the polyolefin material with a self-curing polymeric binder containing a quaternary ammonium salt. The backing is thereby easily dyed on-shade with the tufted face yarns so as to hide the backing.

Abstract: Improved concentrated dye solutions comprising anionic monosulfonated anthraquinone dye, the cations including alkanolammonium cations, in a mixed solvent of water and an inert organic cosolvent, the improvement comprising the addition thereto of about 0.03 to 0.20 part by weight, per part of dye of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid, or N-hydroxyethylethylenediaminetriacetic acid, said dye solution containing no more than about 0.2 percent, based on total solution weight, of cations other than alkanolammonium cations.

Abstract: Exhaust process for the dyeing of synthetic fibre materials from organic water-immiscible solvents wherein are used as dyestuffs sulphonamide group containing disperse dyestuffs. There are obtained without originating waste waters dyeings with excellent fastness to washing, rubbing, light and sublimation.

Abstract: A continuous in-line flock cutting process is disclosed, for making flock from tow which contains a lubricant which is detrimental to the flock and must be removed.The tow is continuously fed, heat treated and immersed in an aqueous scouring liquid, and is continuously wet-processed. The excess scouring liquid is squeezed out, the tow is rinsed with water, rinse water is squeezed out, and a finish is applied to the tow and partially squeezed out in an in-line continuous process to remove a portion of the applied finish. Thus processed, the still-wet tow is continuously cut into wet flock, the wet flock is then dried and beaten to open up and separate the individual flock particles, and screened.

Abstract: Method of measuring the oxygen association state of blood samples, which includes the steps of disposing a blood sample within a blood-receiving receptacle, providing a controlled atmosphere chamber, incubating the sample by placing it in the chamber and controlling said atmosphere therein so as to maintain the humidity, temperature, and carbon dioxide content of the atmosphere at substantially constant levels, and thereafter analyzing the sample by changing the concentration of oxygen in said chamber from time to time while observing the changes of oxygen association of the sample with respect to the concentration of oxygen within the chamber.An apparatus which includes two sample holders receiving slides adapted to position the samples in the chamber in incubating and analyzing position, respectively.

Abstract: A system for measuring the coagulation time of plasma or whole blood. A solution containing the blood sample is irradiated with pulsed ultrasound, and the back-scattered ultrasound is continuously measured. A predetermined quantity of thrombin is then added to the solution, causing the amplitude of the backscattered ultrasound to fluctuate until coagulation occurs. The elapsed time between the addition of thrombin and the inception of coagulation is the coagulation time, and is an indication of the concentration of fibrinogen in the blood sample.

Abstract: A complete and self-contained in vitro diagnostic reagent composition for use in determining thyroid function comprises a buffered aqueous suspension of finely divided, amorphous silicon dioxide, having combined therewith a nonionic surfactant and a thyroid hormone substance tagged or labeled with radioisotopic iodine.

Abstract: An automatic analytic apparatus of liquids has a liquid analyzer; a gas-admissible tube connected to the analyzer so as to conduct a liquid thereto; and means to collect a specified amount of liquid sample being analyzed, and, each time the collected amount of said liquid reaches said specified amount, automatically carry the liquid sample batch forward with a prescribed amount of air or any other inert gas interposed between the adjacent batches of said liquid sample, thus continuously passing alternate series of flowing liquid and gas batches respectively having a predetermined quantity through the above-mentioned tube.

Abstract: Microliter sized samples of filtered urine or the like are obtained by taking up a few drops of urine into a bulb-type micro-syringe inserting the nozzle thereof tightly into the inlet passageway of a micro-filter having a disc of filter paper as the filtering medium held firmly between the inlet passageway and an outlet passageway and squeezing the bulb of the micro-syringe to force the urine through the filter paper. The outlet passageway is constricted in size and shape to discharge the filtered urine in drops. The filtered urine then comes through in uniform drops of predetermined size which are utilized in a testing procedure, for example, in a direct agglutination test for pregnancy.

Abstract: An apparatus for producing an extended structure SRF carbon black having good rubber reinforcing properties is disclosed. The apparatus comprises a unique burner which supplies combustion fuel gases in two separate areas of the burner and permits selective regulation of the respective amounts of fuel gas in the air and additional fuel gas. The burner can be used to make an extended structure SRF carbon black or other grades of carbon black in the same furnace merely by changing the amounts of fuel gas and additional fuel gas.

Abstract: An explosive is produced in a continuous process made up of three stages. The first stage is mixing the solid ingredients of the explosive and transporting it to a mixing station. The second stage is emulsifying nitroglycerine and transporting it to the mixing station where the nitroglycerine is separated from the water and combined with other liquid ingredients. The third stage is the mixing stage where the solid and liquid ingredients are mixed or kneaded and formed into suitably-sized explosive units. The mixing station is provided with a mixer having a pair of hoppers in which are deposited the liquid ingredients and the solid ingredients, and which empty into a housing having a pair of rotating mixing screws which mix the liquid and solid ingredients. The liquid ingredients never contact the bearings of the mixing screws. The ratio of liquid to solid ingredients of the explosive may be varied by varying the feeding rate of each.

Abstract: An improved monitoring device for monitoring a crystal pulling process taking place in a high pressure drawing chamber in which the mounting for a high pressure window at the same time encloses the end of a quartz rod whose other end projects freely into the drawing chamber ending in the vicinity of the melt with the mount inserted into the device in a pressure tight manner using a nipple threaded into the drawing chamber, the monitoring device permitting good observation of the process without precipitation of the volatile element of the semiconductor compound on the high pressure window.

Abstract: A catalytic reactor for carrying out conjugate chemical reactions, comprising a body with a system of plates arranged in said body parallel to one another and having their edges built into said body, said plates being made of a material selectively permeable to a reactant common to the reactions to be conjugated and possessing catalytic activity with regard to the both reactions being conjugated.The said plates subdivide the inner space of the reactor body into a plurality of chambers intercommunicating in an alternate pattern through the intermediary of channels provided in the walls of the reactor body, so that two compartments are formed, each of these compartments serving for carrying out one of the two reactions being conjugated.

Abstract: A solvent vapor venting dust cover unit which automatically vents all volatile solvent vapors arising during the fraction collection procedure.

Abstract: An impregnated compound metal is provided comprising a metal matrix comprising a metallic main constituent having a melting point above 1400.degree. C and a metallic embrittlement additive impregnated with an impregnating metal or metal alloy, brittle intermetallic phases or mixed crystals forming between the main constituent and the embrittlement additive at sintering temperatures above 1200.degree. C. The percentage of embrittlement additive relative to the main constituent is 0.5 to 10 percent by weight. The melting points of all constituents are above 2000.degree. C.

Abstract: Hot-tinned wire of copper or copper alloys is provided having a first coating of from 0.5 to 2 .mu.m thick consisting of an SnBi alloy containing 2 to 10 percent by weight Bi or of a SnNi alloy containing 0.2 to 1 percent by weight Ni, and having a second coating 1 to 4 .mu.m thick consisting of pure tin or of a SnPb alloy. The first coating acts as diffusion retarding film and retards the Cu.sub.3 Sn phase growth considerably.

Abstract: Disclosed is a process for making a hydrocarbon coke slurry fuel by coking carbonaceous materials in the liquid phase under autogenous pressure to form coke which is then extracted with a combustible hydrocarbon at high temperatures and pressures to produce a dense slurry of coke in the hydrocarbon suitable for use as a fuel.

Abstract: Ethylene polymers in combination with an oil-soluble sulfone copolymer having a (Mn) of from about 800 to 500,000 improve the cold flow properties of distillate hydrocarbon oils.

Abstract: The low temperature filterability of a petroleum middle distillate fuel, such as a heating oil or a diesel fuel is improved by adding to the fuel a synergistic combination of an N-aliphatic hydrocarbyl succinamic acid or derivative thereof with a dimer of an alpha olefin, with a polymer of such dimer, or with an alkylated aromatic compound such as an alkylated diphenyl or an alkylated diphenyl ether. The olefin dimers are of alpha olefins of from 16 to 40 carbon atoms. The alkyl groups on the alkylated aromatics are derived from C.sub.16 -C.sub.50 olefins or from dimers of C.sub.16 -C.sub.40 alpha-olefins. This invention is particularly advantageous in improviing the flow of a diesel fuel through a fine filter at low temperatures.

Abstract: A reactor for the pressure gasification of coal by treatment with oxygen and steam and, if desired, additional gasifying agents, at elevated temperatures and pressures, includes a water-cooled jacket and a rotary grate for moving the material to be gasified and for distributing the gasifying agents introduced into the reactor. The rotary grate is made of at least two concentric parts each of which rotates independly of the other part.

Abstract: There is described an improved membrane-liquid barrier system of the type containing complex-forming, silver-containing ion component in an aqueous solution, and an improved process in which the membrane-liquid barrier combination can be employed to separate olefinically-unsaturated hydrocarbons. The membrane is in contact with an aqueous solution having dissolved therein complex-forming silver-containing ions, and further includes small but effective amounts of hydrogen peroxide to retard reduction of the ionic silver to elemental silver.

Abstract: An apparatus and process for separating gaseous mixtures of molecules of different mass in which a rotating means is caused to eject a contiguous plurality of successive groups of molecules into an evacuated space to form a continuous stream of said mixture; the molecules of each said group of molecules are allowed to move in accordance with their thermal velocities for a predetermined period of time following ejection, thereby to allow each said group of molecules to form a generally spherical configuration the outer radius of which will be enriched, in molecules of lighter mass, relative to lesser radii; and a collector means co-rotating with said rotating means is used to collect molecules, which have been allowed to move for said predetermined period of time in accordance with their thermal velocities, from at least one desired portion of said stream.

Abstract: Antifreeze agents such as methanol used in treating hydrocarbon-containing streams to prevent the formation of hydrates and ice are recovered in a combination process comprising extraction, fractionation, and stripping together with a common reboiler system for the fractionation and stripping. One process comprises a combination of solvent extracting methanol with water, fractionation of the water-methanol extract to separate methanol overhead, further treatment of the fractionation bottoms by stripping to remove residual methanol overhead which is returned to the fractionation zone, and recycling at least a portion of the fractionation bottoms as solvent to the initial extraction step.

Abstract: A single building contains trash processing, trash burning, gas treating, and solids treating systems for substantially pollution free disposal of combustible trash material. The building contributes functionally to the gas treating system while presenting an aesthetically pleasing appearance. A novel aspirator for mixing two fluids and a novel filter arrangement also form part of the gas treating system in such manner that need for incorporation of the conventional smoke stack is not required.

Abstract: A drift eliminator assembly for a liquid cooling tower employs deformable resilient drift eliminator blades which snap into mounting slots and are held in place without fasteners or a bonding agent.

Abstract: An apparatus is provided for neutralizing the harmful effects of hazardous material stored within a rigid housing which might otherwise escape to the atmosphere. A cavity within the rigid housing receives the hazardous material. The cavity is airtight except for interior and exterior vents at the top of each of two double walled sides. A container holding a filter medium capable of neutralizing the toxic or harmful effects of the hazardous material is mounted within a chamber between each of the two double walled sides. The interior vents are connected into the containers so that any unconfined hazardous material within the housing passes through the interior vents into the filter medium. The exterior vents allow the neutralized material to escape to the atmosphere. Warning devices are inserted into the front of the housing and into the tops of the filter container chambers to provide an external visual indication of the presence of unconfined hazardous material within the housing and within the chambers.

Abstract: A device for separating drops of liquid from a stream of gas or steam comprises a closed casing having a horizontal inlet and an outlet respectively having their openings in two compartments separated by a vertical grid, a deflecting nozzle in coaxial relation with the inlet and providing a slit leading to a gap external of the nozzle forming part of a first collecting chamber which communicates with a reservoir, a cusped inner shell cooperating with the nozzle coaxially and provided with a trailing edge forming a slit with an overlapping edge of a second collecting chamber which also communicates with the reservoir, and means for the fine separation of liquid known in the prior art which are placed between the vertical grid and the outlet.

Abstract: Apparatus for detachably locking a gas filter in operative position in a wall opening, wherein the upper end of the bag has a circumferential thickened portion which is retained, in a converging section of a socket mounted in the opening, by means of a locking cylinder which fits closely within the socket and within the upper end of the bag and is readily insertable and removable by means of a foldable handle thereon.

Abstract: An air pre-cleaner is provided for use with an internal combustion engine. The pre-cleaner comprises a housing and vanes fixed to the top of the housing for imparting a circular motion to the air entering the housing between the vanes. This circular motion causes the heavy particles in the air to be projected away from the axis of the housing because of the centrifugal force on the particles caused by the circular motion. A tube means is positioned in the housing and a separator having a plurality of louvers is positioned in the housing between the wall of the housing and the tube. The heavy particles pass through the openings in the louvers and fall from the separator means under the influence of gravity and exit from the housing. The air with the heavy particles removed therefrom then passes through the tube and into the engine. A control mechanism is positioned in the housing between the separator and the exit for controlling the flow of air through the exit towards the separator.

Abstract: A turboexpander preferably for cooling natural gas, comprising a casing whose shaft carries operating stages with blades. Provided in the casing in the direction of the gas-liquid flow is at least one separating stage wherein set in succession are a guiding device with a blade pitch smaller than that of corresponding blades of the operating stage, and a runner. The profile of the runner blades has an extended inlet portion with spouts provided on its back. Besides, there is a ring chamber provided in the casing along the periphery of the runner, said ring chamber having a slit for collection of the separated liquid and a branch pipe located in the lower part of the casing.

Abstract: This invention relates to a fertilizer stick composed of water soluble thermoplastic material and dispersed therein about 10 to about 80% of fertilizer material. The fertilizer stick gradually dissolves when placed in a potting medium or soil to supply plant growth nutrients to the roots of a plant.

Abstract: A method of controlling the growth of bacteria and algae in the water of swimming pools by adding to the water a specified concentration of a polymeric biguanide. Has the advantage over chlorination that at the low concentration employed the polymeric biguanide is non-toxic, non-irritant, tasteless and odorless. The anti-bacterial and anti-algal effect is also highly persistent.

Abstract: The present invention concerns new 5-nitropyrimidine derivatives and their acid addition salts as well as compositions containing them and their use, for selective pre- and post-emergent combating of weeds and for diminishing the growth of lawn, cereals and suckers. The new 5-nitropyrimidines have the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 is alkyl with 2-7 carbon atoms, alkenyl or cycloalkyl; R.sub.2 is optionally substituted lower alkyl, alkoxy or alkylthio, alkenyloxy or alkenylthio, cycloalkoxy or cycloalkylthio; R.sub.3 is hydrogen, lower alkyl, haloalkyl, alkoxy, alkylthio or dialkylamino.

Abstract: Compounds represented by the formula ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 is lower alkyl having 1-4 carbons, lower alkenyl having 2-4 carbons or lower alkynyl having 2-4 carbons; R.sub.2, R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 each are a lower alkyl having 1-4 carbons or R.sub.2 and R.sub.4 together with the carbon to which they are attached are a 5 or 6 membered alicyclic ring; and X is chlorine, bromine or iodine;Their use as plant growth regulants and plant growth regulant compositions containing the active compounds are disclosed.

Abstract: Novel crotonanilides of the formula ##STR1## wherein Z is selected from the group consisting of --O-- and --S--, R is selected from the group consisting of alkyl of 1 to 6 carbon atoms and optionally substituted phenyl, X and Y are individually selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, halogen, lower alkyl of 1 to 6 carbon atoms optionally substituted with at least one halogen, alkoxy of 1 to 3 carbon atoms, alkylthio and alkylsulfinyl of 1 to 6 carbon atoms, acyl of an organic carboxylic acid of 1 to 6 carbon atoms, --NO.sub.2 and --CF.sub.3, R.sub.1 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, chlorine, bromine, alkoxycarbonyl with 1 to 6 alkyl carbon atoms, nitro and alkylthio, alkylsulfinyl and alkylsulfonyl of 1 to 3 alkyl carbon atoms and R.sub.2 is alkyl of 1 to 6 carbon atoms, said compounds existing in the form of their E or Z isomers or mixtures thereof and having herbicidal properties.

Abstract: A sintered stainless steel having an overall density of at least 95% of full density and a morphology comprised of regions of sintered austenitic stainless steel and regions of solidified liquid phase. Moreover, a sintered steel which is made by: pressing and sintering pre-alloyed powder consisting essentially of, by weight, up to 0.05% carbon, 22 to 26% chromium, 10 to 24% nickel, 2.7 to 5% molybdenum, 0.1 to 1% boron, up to 2.0% manganese, up to 2.0% silicon, balance iron and residuals.

Abstract: A vehicle recycling plant comprising a furnace, means for introducing a fuel into said furnace, a cupola disposed in close proximity to said furnace, and communicating therewith so that the hot gases discharged from the furnace are introduced into the cupola, means for conveying scrap vehicles above said furnace and into said cupola, substantially horizontal flue means communicating with both the cupola and the furnace for removing exhaust gases therefrom, a plurality of smelters disposed in said horizontal flue for melting down various components previously disassembled from the vehicles, a plurality of heat exchange means disposed in said horizontal flue for removing heat therefrom and converting it into various forms of energy, an enlarged horizontal flue portion disposed downstream of said heat exchange means, said enlarged flue portion containing a plurality of air vents for mixing ambient air with the flue gas and a scrubbing section for removing particulate material from the flue gas, vacuum pump means

Abstract: A process for the production of phosphorus from low-grade phosphate rock containing at least 5% by weight of each of iron and aluminum (calculated as their oxides) by heating a mixture of the rock, calcium oxide and a carbonaceous reductant in a reaction chamber at a temperature of at least 1400.degree. C to produce molten reaction products containing ferrophosphorus and a calcium aluminate slag which is liquid at the reaction temperature, and gaseous reaction products containing elemental phosphorus. The gaseous reaction products are withdrawn from the reaction chamber and elemental phosphorus is recovered therefrom. The ferrophosphorus is separated from the liquid calcium aluminate slag and subjected to an oxidizing treatment in the presence of a calcium-containing material to produce metallic iron and calcium phosphate. Calcium phosphate this produced is recycled to the reaction chamber.

Abstract: Drawing Quality steel having low carbon, oxygen, and aluminum contents is produced through the use of continuous casting. After tapping steel of the lowest possible carbon content at 2,960.degree. F., predetermined amounts of manganese and aluminum are added to the ladle. The amount of manganese added is such that the manganese content at the conclusion of the process will be in the range of 0.20 to 0.35%. The amount of aluminum added is of small quantity for purposes of removing some of the oxygen from the steel to prevent boiling on refractories due to excessive oxygen; the aluminum added is consumed in deoxidation so that the aluminum content in the steel is not increased at that stage. After the addition of manganese and aluminum the steel is vacuum degassed. During vacuum degassing, predetermined amounts of carbon and aluminum which are mixed in briquette form are added at a predetermined, controlled rate to complete deoxidation.

Abstract: The invention is concerned with the desulphurizing of molten ferrous metal by the use of a lime-based flux composition. The composition comprises, by weight, at least 60% of lime and includes from 1 to 20% of sodium carbonate, from 5 to 30% of an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal fluoride, typically fluorspar, and from 5 to 20% of alumina. To desulphurize molten metal the flux is added to the molten metal in a vessel, typically by injecting the flux in particulate form into the molten metal.

Abstract: The invention is concerned with the desulphurizing of molten steel by the use of a lime-based flux. In addition to lime the flux includes sodium carbonate, an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal fluoride, typically fluorspar, alumina and a metallic reducing agent. In particular, the reducing agent is aluminium or an alloy thereof and is present in an amount of 2 to 15% by weight. To desulphurize molten metal the flux is added to the molten metal in a vessel, typically by injecting the flux in particulate form into the molten metal.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for the deoxidation of open type steels, e.g. rimmed and capped steels, which are particularly useful in the production of sheet products with improved formability. The requisite amount of deoxidation in the ladle is achieved through the use of conventional deoxidizers, other than aluminum (preferably silicon carbide). Deoxidation in the mold is also achieved without the use of aluminum. Here, however, it is necessary that mold deoxidation be achieved through the use of magnesium, generally added in the form of a magnesium-nickel alloy.

Abstract: Magnesium metal is made by injecting sodium metal beneath the surface of a magma of MgCl.sub.2 and withdrawing molten magnesium metal from the magma surface.

Abstract: A new material for making the electrical contacts of high-power vacuum circuit breakers comprises an alloy having as a base metal, a metal such as copper, nickel, iron, cobalt or titanium, and as an alloying metal, a metal such as bismuth, tellurium or lead, this alloy also including an auxiliary metal which forms a eutectic with the base metal used. The alloy has a fine grain size while at the same time a low gas content.

Abstract: A method of fabricating a contact material for high-power vacuum circuit breakers. In the method, an alloy consisting essentially of a base metal having a melting point above about 1000.degree. C and below about 1800.degree. C, at least one alloying metal which will not form a solid solution with the base metal, and at least one auxiliary metal which forms a eutectic with the base metal are melted under vacuum at a temperature between about 1000.degree. C and about 1800.degree. C. The molten alloy is then slowly cooled so as to form fine grain crystals of the base metal and auxiliary metal in solid solution in the eutectic while the eutectic is a liquid and transfer gases expelled from the crystals during the cooling to the liquid eutectic to increase the concentration of gases in the liquid eutectic above an equilibrium concentration, cause evacuation of the gases from the liquid eutectic, and remove the gases from the alloy.

Abstract: A gold-colored alloy solder for use with dental gold alloys and gold-colored jewelry alloys includes the following ranges of constituents in percentages by weight:______________________________________ Constituent Proportional Range ______________________________________ Gold 60 - 70% Platinum 0 - 10% Palladium 0 - 10% Copper 10 - 25% Gallium 5 - 10% Iridium 0 - 0.01% ______________________________________With the proviso that the total of said platinum and palladium is from about 5-10%.