Abstract: An automatic control apparatus for protecting the compressor motor used with the refrigeration system of an air conditioning unit. The control apparatus has a timer for prohibiting the restart of the compressor motor until the lapse of a predetermined time after temporary stoppage of the compressor motor, and a holding circuit for holding a power source voltage for a predetermined period of time while the operation of the air conditioning unit is stopped. Even if the power supply is turned off, therefore, the source voltage supplied by the holding circuit enables the timer circuit to continue its operation for a predetermined length of time.

Abstract: A startup and shutdown control for a cryogenic freezing tunnel for freezing food products in which the rate of flow of cryogen into the tunnel is normally regulated by a thermal regulator, including an auxiliary flow regulator for maintaining a predetermined flow of cryogen to the tunnel independently of the thermal regulator, a first startup interval device, comprising a counter responsive to movement of the tunnel conveyor, for actuating the auxiliary flow regulator to provide a constant flow of cryogen to the tunnel after a first startup interval measured from the initiation of movement of a supply of food products to the tunnel, and a second startup interval device, comprising a timer, to cut off the flow of cryogen via the auxiliary flow regulator after a second startup inverval.

Abstract: A flexible ice tray for an automatic ice maker allowing improved temperature sensing and ice harvesting. An inverted channel is formed in the bottom wall of at least first and second ice cube sensing pockets along the tray's axis of rotation. A separate member, in the form of a rectangular sectioned block of insulation, is removably positioned on the underside of the tray and cooperates with the inverted channel to define a sensing well for enclosing a temperature sensor tube positioned on the rotational axis. The tube sensor is insulated so as to respond only to the change in temperature in the first and second pockets, while the block prevents rapid bottom freezing of the cubes being sensed. The block is retained in a shiftable manner with respect to the tray to provide substantially uniform stiffness for all the tray pockets whereby twisting of the tray allows flexing of the sensing pockets to insure the release of the ice pieces formed therein.

Abstract: An automatic ice maker mechanism includes a face cam on a timing motor driven disc formed with a plurality of concentric cam tracks. The disc is supported on one side of a circuit board, said board having a plurality of flexible blade switches cantilever supported on its other side. The mechanism further includes a plurality of slidable cam follower plunger pins each of which is contacted by an associated blade switch such that each pin is biased into spaced follower relation with one of the cam tracks. In operation the circuit board control circuit interconnects ice maker cycling means with the motor to initiate rotation of the disc whereby the cam track profile effects predetermined movement of its associated pin in one direction causing the contact on an associated blade switch to open with its stationary contact.

Abstract: An energy saving device that utilizes the rejected heat from an air conditioning unit for heating water or other suitable liquid in a conventional liquid heating storage tank. The primary heater control in the storage tank is turned off whenever the air conditioning compressor is operating by a pressure sensing switch in the compressor line that is wired in series with the tank heater control circuit. A water circulating pump is used to pass relatively cold tank water through a heat exchanger which is connected to the compressor outlet conduit of the air conditioner. The pump is controlled by a thermostatic switch which measures heat exchanger outlet water temperature. The device not only utilizes otherwise rejected heat energy from an air conditioning unit for heating water in a conventional hot water tank but also increases the efficiency and endurance of the air conditioning system by removing super heat from the compressor gases.

Abstract: The invention relates to an encapsulated refrigerator assembly of the type in which an integrated motor and compressor unit is resiliently mounted in a hermetically sealed casing or capsule. An oil sump at the bottom of the capsule is provided for lubricating oil. An externally disposed centrifugal separator with an oil collecting tank at the bottom thereof provides refrigerant in vapor form for the compressor and oil for the oil sump. The compressor has a main inlet for receiving refrigerant vapor from the separator and a throttled inlet for receiving a refrigerant vapor which is present in the capsule and which entered entrained in the oil received from the separator. The capsule has a single port and two tubes extend from this single port to the separator. An outer tube provides fluid communication between the separator oil collecting tank and the interior of the capsule which houses the motor and compressor unit.

Abstract: A subcooler for use in a refrigeration system wherein liquid refrigerant is flashed such that part of the refrigerant changes state from a liquid to a gas absorbing heat from the remaining liquid refrigerant. An economizer condenser is provided in the subcooler such that the flashed refrigerant gas may be recondensed within the subcooler. Liquid refrigerant enters the subcooler through the casing and is flashed through an orifice into a distribution box. The distribution box has perforated end plates such that the flashed gaseous refrigerant is distributed throughout the subcooler to evenly contact the economizer condenser mounted therein. Liquid refrigerant is collected in the bottom of the subcooler and therefrom conducted to the next component of the refrigeration system.

Abstract: An adjustable toe ring includes a flexible body engaging member having spaced end portions for receiving a cap. Securing the cap on the end portions urges the body engaging member about the toe.

Abstract: A method for the production of decorative objects by providing a viscous liquid and a particulate metal and/or mineral through an opening in a hollow transparent glass envelope and then bonding a cap over the opening with a resin impervious to said liquid is described. The refractive index of the viscous liquid and glass are approximately equal visually. The viscous liquid is preferably glycerine admixed with clear miscible solvents which reduce the viscosity depending upon the metal or mineral used. The liquid is provided through the opening in the hollow glass envelope without wetting the sides of the opening in a manner which leaves a gas (air) pocket inside the envelope adjacent the opening and above the liquid and then a cap is bonded over the opening adjacent the gas pocket. The decorative object is preferably in the form of jewelry, such as earrings or pendants.

Abstract: In a circular knitting machine, means for tensioning the fabric as it is knitted, comprising one or more reciprocating resilient annular members within the needle cylinder for alternately trapping and downardly tensioning the fabric as it passes over the guide surface of a throat piece. Immediately thereafter the fabric is drawn further downwardly over a smooth annular rim of a suction tube, and entrained upwardly through the suction tube by air flow, thereby obtaining an even mechanical downward tensioning while drawing the fabric off upwardly.

Abstract: An apparatus for wet processing textile material, of the kind in which the textile material is circulated in endless web form partly through a bath containing a treatment liquid by means of a jet nozzle located above the bath. A deflector surface is located behind the jet nozzle for deflecting the jet and the web carried thereby. Between the jet nozzle and the deflector surface there is a space free from any structure imposing any restricting or guiding action on the jet and the web carried thereby before reaching the deflector surface.

Abstract: A throughpass leather working machine, especially an embossing and ironing machine for leather which comprises at least one substantially tubular-shaped, thick-walled leather working element in the form of an embossing and/or ironing element which at both ends at the outer surface thereof and externally of the embossing or ironing zone has substantially cylindrical bearing or contact surfaces at which there are exerted by means of rollers or open rolling-contact bearings embossing or ironing forces. These forces are transmitted by means of the embossing or ironing zone to the surface of the leather piece which is being processed. The leather pieces are supported and transported by elastic support means and at least one counter-pressure roll.

Abstract: A device for identifying a coded key or the like. A coded key member is inserted into a housing. A Moire interference pattern is produced by a first screen positioned on the key to be moved into registry with a second screen mounted in the housing. The first screen forms non-readable coded information and the second screen forms a code-key. Decoded information produced by the Moire interference pattern is opto-electrically read and a corresponding electrical signal is generated.

Abstract: The tumbler includes a connection between an outer gate ring and an inner drive member of a tumbler wheel together. The gate ring includes a leg on the gate ring with a gripping portion thereon. The leg normally biases the gripping portion to a securing position against the drive member to grip it so that the gate ring and drive member normally rotate together. An opening is provided in the gate ring adjacent the leg having a curved portion about its periphery for receiving a key having a curved portion about its periphery. The key rotates against the curved surface of the opening, and a cam section of the key cams a cam follower portion of the leg when the key is rotated to a releasing position for urging the gripping portion away from the drive member. The camming surface, opening and cam follower are so provided that on rotation of the key in the opening to the releasing position, the biasing effect of the leg is prevented from tending to return the key to the securing position.

Abstract: A dual pin tumbler lock and a key having two planar faces wherein the two planar faces of the key blade have similar concentric projections and depressions on both sides of a longitudinal axis for operating the lock, regardless of into which side of the dual lock the key is placed, and wherein each tumbler of the fixed part of the lock is made of two parts -- one part telescopically slidable within the other, both parts being urged by springs against a corresponding tumbler housed in the rotating cylinder which corresponding tumbler is likewise made of two telescopic parts.

Abstract: A double safety latch includes a housing with first and second lock means carried thereby. The second lock means is mounted in axial alignment behind the first lock means in the housing with restraining means engaging the second lock means to restrain actuation thereof. Closure or blocking means are associated with the first lock means for blocking access to the second lock means and the restraining means. Actuating means is provided to engage and remove the blocking means from the first lock means for then accommodating access of the actuating means to the restraining means to disengage the restraining means from said second lock means to enable said actuating means to unlock the second lock means.

Abstract: A re-keying lock kit and a method thereof providing a simple means for changing master keys to match replaceable key pins in either entrance or dead-bolt locking units. The kit comprises a plurality of color-coded key pins and at least one pre-cut key, wherein the color-coded pins are pre-selected to match the key cuts of the particular supplied key of the kit. Included within the kit is a cylinder-removal tool, a cylinder follower, and an instruction sheet indicating the steps by which the re-keying is accomplished.

Abstract: An internal groove forming apparatus for heat exchanging pipes, having a cylindrical holder adapted to be loosely fitted in a heat exchanging pipe in concentric relationship, and a plurality of groove forming rolling tools arranged on the holder in a plurality of axially spaced, circumferentially oriented rows and rotatably supported on the holder in such a manner that the rolling tools of one of the two adjacent rows are disposed in staggered relationship with respect to those of the other and an imaginary circle circumscribing the rolling tools is interposed between an outer peripheral surface and an inner peripheral surface of the heat exchanging pipe. Axial relative movements of the heat exchanging pipe and the holder enable the rolling tools to form a number of substantially axially oriented grooves on the inner peripheral surface of the heat exchanging pipe.

Abstract: A machine for shaping elongate strips, especially of metal, into a variety of profiles comprises a cascade of working stations in which the strips are subjected to progressive deformation between rollers, some or all of which may be driven to advance the strips along their transport path through the several stations. Each working station has an annular or star-shaped carrier, rotatable on a support about a horizontal axis, with a plurality of peripherally spaced roller mountings adapted to hold a pair of coacting rollers, the various roller pairs on each carrier being differently shaped to produce a selected profile upon being brought into an operating position -- e.g. horizontal on a level with the axis -- by rotation of the carrier. The operatively positioned roller pair can be coupled with a drive mechanism, individual to the respective station or common to all working stations, for positive rotation thereby.

Abstract: Apparatus for forming circular rims for bicycle wheels from metal profiled strip material in which first strip pieces are cut to a length corresponding to the circumferential length of the rims, curved end portions are formed on each strip piece, and each strip piece is introduced into a three-roll ring rolling apparatus. After the strip piece has been worked up to the trailing curved end portion thereof, the adjustable middle roll of the rolling apparatus is shifted a small distance towards the two outer rolls into a position corresponding with a substantially bending-free passage of the trailing curved end portion of the strip piece.

Abstract: Machine for bending sheet metal, consisting of an upper and a lower clamp plate for holding the sheet metal and a bending plate which is swingable about an axis located between the clamp plates for forming the sheet metal.

Abstract: A method of producing blanks and shaped articles therefrom from sheet material comprises the steps of supporting the sheet material on a blanking die having a substantially cylindrical entrance aperture, an exit aperture and an inwardly converging transition zone extending from the entrance aperture to the exit aperture. A blank is punched from the sheet using a blanking punch having a cross-sectional area less than the extent of the entrance aperture, the blank being punched out by displacing the blanking punch into the entrance aperture. The blank is formed into a shaped article by means of a second punch and die assembly wherein the exit aperture can serve as a blank holder.

Abstract: A counterblow machine hammer, which is pneumatically operated and in which he tups are hydraulically returned and at their rear end protrude into compressed air chambers, which are interconnected and by a pressure-regulating valve are constantly connected to a compressed air system. The impact energy of the tups is controlled by the air pressure in the air chambers.

Abstract: A quick-change system for expediting installation of changes of progressive die tooling on single-acting presses having high slide/bed parallelism and slide-guide accuracy comprising tooling lanes having laterally-projecting tenons cooperating with lock means which mount on the press and in which the tooling is positioned by sliding and is cinched to location by heavily-leveraged means which clamp the tool onto the press using but a single manual operation.

Abstract: Hydrogen in a metal, particularly in a welded metal, can be quantitatively measured by a simple apparatus using sequence control or computer control.The lower limit of hydrogen to be measured according to this invention is much lower yet is more accurate as compared with the prior mechanism of this field.

Abstract: An element for sensing the presence of nitrogen dioxide gas in the environment. The element comprises a film of a pyrolyzed polyaromatic polymer having semi-conductive properties which is mounted on an electrically non-conductive base. Electrical leads are attached at spaced locations to the film and are connected in an electrical circuit with a signalling or control mechanism. The presence of nitrogen dioxide gas will cause a change in the electrical characteristics of the film to thereby activate the mechanism. A heating element can be associated with the base to insure constant temperature and humidity conditions.

Abstract: A gage for measuring the width of a gap. The gage includes a gaging conduit with an inlet and an outlet. Pressure means supplies gas to the inlet. A hot-wire anemometer is placed in the gaging conduit, and means is responsive to the condition of the anemometer to measure the size of the gap between the outlet of the gaging conduit and the surface as a function of the gas flow rate in the gaging conduit. In a preferred embodiment, a reference conduit is provided which has an inlet and an outlet, and which receives gas under pressure from the pressure source, and a reference orifice through which gas flows when exiting through the reference conduit. A hot-wire anemometer is placed in this reference conduit, the said means being responsive to differences in conditions of the two anemometers.

Abstract: A test coupon, more particularly a deposition test coupon, for measuring the deposition rate of scale on surfaces in contact with a scale-forming medium such as industrial cooling water.

Abstract: An apparatus for testing soils by measuring the rate of moisture loss from soil or sediment samples is disclosed, comprising a test chamber, a fan, a heater-thermostat, a chilled water humidity control device, an automatic balance scale connected to a continuous chart recorder, a shield around the balance pan, and a magnetic damper for the balance pan. The heater-thermostat maintains a constant temperature within the chamber, while the chilled water humidity control device maintains a constant relative humidity. The fan circulates air in the chamber, and the magnetic damper and shield around the balance pan allows the soil sample to be weighed without air currents causing the balance pan to vibrate. The balance scale continually weighs the sample, with the weight being recorded on the chart recorder, thus providing a record of the rate of moisture loss. A bell jar allows the testing to be done under vacuum conditions.The method of this invention comprises the steps of:1.

Abstract: A method for measuring pressures which comprises allowing a material whose pressure is to be measured to press against a recording sheet to form a color image due to the pressure, and evaluating the changes in the optical color density of the color hue of the resulting color image on the recording sheet, the color image formation due to the pressure being effected by contacting a synthetic polymer microcapsule layer containing a color former with a color developer layer under pressure, said microcapsule layer and said color developer layer being coated on the same surface of the support.

Abstract: An electronic d.c. amplifier arrangement for use with a bridge network incorporating at least one sensing element, the supply to said bridge being effected via respective differential amplifiers, one of which is connected to compensate for the length of line between the arrangement and the bridge network, and the other effects automatic zero-compensation, while a further differential amplifier of adjustable gain provides an amplified output from said bridge network.

Abstract: A machine for testing the presence and/or packing of cigarettes (11) in a group (10) comprises a housing 16 mounting a plurality of spring biased, axially displaceable tappets (13), (14) and (15) arranged in rows corresponding to the cigarette group alignment. Each row of recesses (25) for the tappet control heads (22) is provided with a pair of linear control ducts (27), (40); (28), (41); (29), (42) axially displaced relative to the tappets. If a tappet is fully displaced by engagement with an acceptable cigarette the inner duct (27), (28) or (29) will be opened and the outer duct (40), (41) or (42) blocked, and the full spring return of a displaced tappet will open the outer duct and block the inner duct. The partial return of a tappet, as a result of particle jamming, will leave both ducts blocked, however, and generate an appropriate error signal, as will the complete non-return of a displaced tappet.

Abstract: An air flow metering apparatus for measuring a suction air flow fed to an internal combustion engine comprises at least two Karman' vortex type air flow meters disposed separately in at least two air suction passages, respectively. The output signals from the flow meters are switched in such manner that in a predetermined range of high air flow rates, the output signal from one of the flow meter is utilized for measuring or sensing the air flow rate, while in a predetermined low flow rate range, the output signal from the other flow meter is utilized for the same purpose. Alternatively, in a predetermined low flow rate range, only one of the air suction passages is employed, while both of the air suction passages are employed in a predetermined range of high air flow rates. The air flow metering apparatus assures the detection or measurement of the suction air flow rate over a whole operation range of the engine with a high reliability and enhanced accuracy.

Abstract: An apparatus is disclosed for measuring axial thrust of a rotating, bearing supported machine shaft. The support bearings are operatively coupled through a shiftable crosspiece to a spring leaf upon which is mounted a variable resistance type strain gauge connected to an extensometric bridge circuit which provides an output indication of the axial thrust.

Abstract: Disclosed is a device for detecting tension in a running yarn which comprises a U-shaped primary core which has primary windings wound thereon and which is capable of being electromagnetically excited by means of an alternating current; a U-shaped secondary core which faces the primary core with a small air gap therebetween and forms a main magnetic circuit therewith, and which has secondary windings wound thereon for interlinking the secondary core with the main magnetic circuit; a rotatable member consisting of a shaft which is rotatably supported on an axis and a circular disc of a non-magnetic material secured to the shaft, and then swung between the air gaps; and a magnetic flux by-passing member fastened to the circular disc and consisting of a thin plate of a ferromagnetic substance which has a crescent shape formed from a circular disc having a large diameter and a removed circular opening having a small diameter, which opening is removed from the disc.

Abstract: An aerodynamic-pressure transducer system for directly indicating pressure distribution around the circumference of a body to be observed, such as an ogive spinning on a test stand which may be in a wind tunnel, includes a stationary transducer mounted axially at one end of a power-rotated hollow shaft which spins with the body to be observed, and having tubular communication through the spinning hollow-shaft to a tubing fixed transversely to the hollow shaft and extending radially to the surface of the body to be observed.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for measuring the draw down of a water well by making in situ measurements of the static and dynamic water table levels. A well bore located pressure sensor provides the hydrostatic pressures to a surface located electronic measuring unit which provides a draw down measurement directly in terms of feet of water. An extension of the method provides for combining the measured draw down parameter with water discharge pressure and water flow measurements to derive a set of data which uniquely characterizes the production capability of the well. The apparatus performs all measurements automatically and has provisions for producing a time history of the well parameters, and telemetering to a central station for monitoring and processing.

Abstract: A catheter probe flow meter and method of determining the volume flow of a fluid through a conduit, at least one of the fluid and the conduit having energy-scattering interfaces. The method in one embodiment includes transmitting at least two and receiving at least one or transmitting at least one and receiving at least two sound beams through the fluid, resolving the Doppler vectors into an average velocity vector for each transmitting/receiving combination, and resolving the resolved velocity vectors into their component parts.

Abstract: Flow straightener for improving the flow profile in a gas line ahead of a flowmeter, comprising at least three plates with regularly distributed perforations and spaced apart parallel to each other perpendicularly to the axis of the line. The perforated plates are mounted with a circumferential sealing (preferably welded) in or on a sleeve which can be inserted in the line with a sliding fit.

Abstract: This invention relates to an ultrasonic flow meter utilizing a conventional tubular member with an inlet and outlet. An ultrasonic transducer is located in the member to transmit and receive ultrasonic energy through liquid flowing through the member. An energizing means is connected to the transducer so that ultrasonic energy can be transmitted through the liquid in the member. Reflector means variably positionable within the member are provided for establishing a position for the reflector means which is proportional to liquid flow rate through the member and for reflecting ultrasonic energy from the transducer back to the transducer. Control means are provided for producing at least a single pulse of ultrasonic energy from the transducer to be transmitted through the liquid and for detecting an echo pulse reflected from the reflector means.

Abstract: A device for continuously measuring the liquid level in a container, wherein a capacitive sensor is disposed in the liquid to be measured and is connected with an oscillator as the frequency controlling element thereof, the output of the oscillator being connected with a suitable indicator or control, and wherein the capacitive sensor is formed of an elongate flexible strip of insulating material having opposite faces, with a plurality of elongate conductive elements embedded in the strip of material spaced approximately equidistantly from the opposite faces so that an electric field generated between the conductive elements can be substantially equally acted upon simultaneously on both sides of the device by the liquid to be measured, thereby enhancing the sensitivity of the sensing element, and enabling linear gauge characteristics to be obtained in irregularly shaped containers.

Abstract: A composition is disclosed of a carboxylic acid, a resinous carrier, and a solvent. The composition is applied to a portion of an electrical apparatus which is exposed to a gas stream. The solvent in the composition is evaporated to produce a thermoparticulating coating. When the electrical apparatus overheats the carboxylic acid in the coating forms particles in the gas stream which are detected by the monitor.

Abstract: An infrared radiation measuring pyrometer whose output is used to calculate both particle and gas temperatures from an explosion or fire. Preferably four infrared wavelength measurements are made to compute the particle temperature and two infrared wavelength measurements to compute the gas temperature. Especially constructed to operate in an explosion environment, the invention allows the simultaneous and continuous measurements for both particle and gas temperatures. Planck's Law is used to relate the radiation emitted from the particles and/or gas to the wavelengths observed, the emissivity of the object at that wavelength, and the temperature of the particles and/or gas. For each specific wavelength detected at the pyrometer there is an output voltage which can be related to the flame radiation.

Abstract: A temperature sensitive member, such as used in a thermostat, is formed of an elongated metal strip coated with a layer of polymer material. Holes are formed through the metal strip over its length and the layer of polymer material extends into the holes. The polymer material layer has a greater thickness than the metal strip. In one embodiment, the member can be formed by helically slitting a tubular member with the ends of the slit spaced inwardly from the ends of the tubular member. The polymer material layer is coated on the interior surface of the tubular member.

Abstract: A device for indicating changes in the specific gravity of a liquid comprises first and second floats adapted to float on the surface of the liquid, the float having different shapes and/or densities so that the depth of the floats in the liquid varies in accordance with the specific gravity of the liquid and means for producing an electrical signal dependent upon the depth to which the floats are immersed relative to one another.

Abstract: In a pressure transducer of the type utilizing movement of a pressure responsive member to move the core of a differential transformer which is excited periodically by an oscillation circuit and produces a.c. voltages converted into a d.c. output voltage by an AC-DC conversion circuit, a calibration circuit which produces a variable calibrating voltage is provided. Calibrating the output voltage of the pressure transducer to a reference value at a reference pressure is attained by two sequential steps. In the first step, relative position between the core and the windings of the differential transformer is determined, with the reference pressure exerting on the pressure responsive member and with the calibration circuit being disconnected from the conversion circuit, so that the d.c. output voltage deviates from the reference value. In the second step, the calibration circuit is connected to the conversion circuit and the calibrating voltage is varied so that the d.c.

Abstract: A transmission arrangement for a vehicle includes a housing assembly mounted on the rear end of the vehicle, a tubular transmission input shaft supported substantially within the housing assembly, an engine driven shaft extending through the transmission input shaft, and an input clutch assembly connected between the engine driven shaft and the transmission input shaft for selectively coupling them together, the input clutch assembly being adjacent and accessible through a rear cover of the housing assembly.

Abstract: A gear train transmits power to a higher angular speed. A drive pinion has a spur gear design for meshing with a spur toothed portion of an intermediate gear. The intermediate gear also has a helical toothed portion following a path which axially moves toward and away from the circular path of the spur gear portion engaging the pinion gear. A third gear having the same diameter as the pinion gear is adapted to mesh with the helical gear portion of the intermediate gear.

Abstract: A strap of plastically deformable material is alternately passed over at least two rod members which are fixed to a relatively stationary portion. The stap is subjected to sucessive plastical deformations by pulling the strap from the rod members to damp a large force suddenly applied to the strap member.

Abstract: A remote control mirror comprising a mirror support, a base, a trunnion, interengaging means between the trunnion and the base limiting the pivotal movement of the trunnion with respect to the base in a single plane about a first axis, and interengaging means between the trunnion and mirror support limiting the pivotal movement of the mirror support about a second axis at a right angle to the first axis. The interengaging means between the base and the trunnion comprises spaced angularly related surfaces on the base engaged by spaced arcuate surfaces on the trunnion. The mirror construction further includes cable means acting on the mirror support for selectively moving said mirror support into any desired position by the combined pivotal movement about each of the axes.