Abstract: A sheet advancing cylinder in an offset printing machine, has a sheet gripping system arranged in its interior. The system includes a rocking member rigidly connected to a first gripper for moving the latter between two terminal positions in a slot formed in the jacket of the cylinder. The movement of the rocking member is such that in the first terminal position the first gripper is flush with the jacket periphery, in an intermediate position it is above the periphery and in the second terminal position it is below the periphery.

Abstract: Liquid ink is held in the openings of a screen which is placed adjacent a grounded conductive surface. Electrical charge is delivered to selected ones of the openings so that the charged ink is drawn to the grounded conductive surface by the attractive forces therebetween. The ink can then be transferred to a record medium in image configuration.

Abstract: Planographic printing plates are made by depositing on a support sheet an aqueous mixture comprising a hydroxyl group-containing polymer free from acid groups, an insolubilizing agent, a synthetic polymer containing acid groups and preferably a filler, and then drying the deposited layer.The process can be operated at near ambient temperature to give rapidly and reliably a durable water-insoluble hydrophilic layer.

Abstract: An explosive flechette launching system which includes a central core expive driver having stacked coaxially thereabout a plurality of disc plates which have layered and sandwiched therebetween for radial launching a multiplicity of flechettes. In one embodiment, the flechettes are oriented and pointed in a radial direction and each are provided with divergent tail piece which is releasably fitted into a mating recess in a driver piston abutting said explosive driver. The fin assembly is provided with a central bore and is slidably carried by the flechette body so that when disposed in said launching system, the fin assembly is positioned at the pointed end thereof and supported by wedge supports along the fins and intermediate the disc plates. The entire assembly is protectively encapsulated or covered with a thin membrane or skin. The explosive driver is designed to provide or generate a radial plane, high pressure wave for launching the flechettes.

Abstract: 1.

Abstract: The invention relates to an anti-collision device for passive vehicles. The anti-collision device is governed by the means for driving the vehicles associated with the track to monitor continuously that the distance separating two successive vehicles is greater than the emergency braking distance of the following vehicle. The device is applicable to a transport installation with a line track.Refer to FIG. 1.

Abstract: A folding table unit for camping, boating and traveling which includes a multipanel top which folds to provide an elongate rectangular enclosure, and a folding leg assembly which can store within the table top enclosure and which opens to provide a table top support. A unique hinge plate at the juncture of multiple leg supports facilitates the folding of the legs and provides a location for mutual leg support all in a single plane to reduce the folded dimension of the leg assembly.

Abstract: A novel and improved cover structure is provided for a furnace, particularly a soaking pit cover. The cover comprises a one-piece cast ferrous metal shell or body having a shallow recess at one side, a plurality of anchor devices secured in spaced relation to the base surface of the recess, and an insulating refractory lining disposed in and filling the recess and retained by the anchor devices. Preferably, the anchor devices are in the form of C-shaped metal hangers affixed to the base surface of the recess and refractory ribbed anchor blocks mounted in the hangers. The refractory lining is preferably a monolithic layer of rammable plastic or castable refractory, particularly a light weight refractory having a bulk density not greater than about 80 lb/ft.sup.3 (1280 kg/m.sup.3).

Abstract: A method of operating a furnace for incinerating refuse, notably household refuse, commercial and industrial waste or rubbish, wherein the furnace is of the type comprising a charging zone, a drying zone, a pyrolysis zone, and a combustion and melting zone with at least one orifice for extracting volatile products from the drying zone, at least one orifice for extracting the melted material in the combustion and melting zone, and one or more tuyeres for injecting the combustion gases under pressure into the combustion and melting zone, by which the combustion gases under pressure are injected into a volume of liquid or molten slag at the level of the combustion and melting zone so that the energy liberated by the injection of the gases under pressure is diminished and controlled.

Abstract: When a pattern is selected a pattern-identifying code word is persistently held, the system referring to this code word during pattern formation. A free-running pulse generator applies pulses to an addressing counter, unsynchronized with machine operation, and at a speed much higher than the speed of machine rotation. As the addressing counter assumes successive counts, successive data appear at the outputs of an addressed ROM. At least some of this memory-output data is continually compared to the pattern-identifying code word, to ascertain whether certain predetermined relationships between the memory-output data and pattern-identifying code word exist; these relationships include identity, but are not limited to simple identity. This ongoing comparison determines how many steps the counter is to be allowed to run through before the next stitch-forming operation is performed.

Abstract: A lifting sling comprising a core of parallel yarns enclosed by a protective cover, the edges of which are interconnected by a lengthwise seam penetrating diametrically through the sling core so as to divide the latter into two portions, one on each side of the seam. In a direction perpendicular to a line interconnecting the centers of said portions, the cross-sections of said portions considerably exceed the cross-section of the sling in the area of the seam, whereby during use of the sling, the seam will be protected against wear and the stress taken by said two core portions.

Abstract: A machine for automatically assembling radius elbows and/or O.G. sets, and the method of utilization of the machine. Four edge deformation effecting components, such as Pittsburg rollers or air hammers, are provided for interlocking edge configurations of ducts to be formed, the edge deformation components defining the corners of a vertical quadrate opening. Two of the components are mounted at the same vertical height above a fabrication table for movement relative to each other in a horizontal direction perpendicular to the horizontal direction of feed of duct pieces through the quadrate opening defined by the edge deforming components. The other two edge deformation components are located at substantially the same level as the rollers of the fabrication table, rollers of the fabrication table being disposed on either side of the vertical plane containing the four edge deformation components. The mounts for the edge deformation components are rotatable about vertical axes to accommodate O.G.

Abstract: An automatic machine for continuously producing tinned strap caps fitted with a tear opening device, characterized by comprising a disc rotating about its axis at a constant speed, including a central portion and an outer circular crown, the latter being provided with a first plurality of supporting elements or lower slides, only radially movable to receive the caps supplied by a shaped double blade magazine, and a second plurality of supporting elements or upper slides, also only radially movable, to receive the tear opening devices supplied by a second double blade magazine, said crown being also provided with a plurality of passage holes, through which each of the tear elements are positioned on the corresponding cap, the central portion carrying a plurality of joining members only vertically movable, further characterized in that the radial movement for the lower slides adjacent the cap dispenser or magazine is controlled by a flat metal cam-shaped guide, during the movement of the rotable disc, drive rol

Abstract: A boat anchor having pivoted flukes and a readily detachable loop or pocket shank is provided on opposite sides of each fluke with a pair of free-swinging crown plates whose pivot axes are coaxial with the fluke pivot axis. Fixed stop elements on the crown plates engage the stock of the anchor to limit swinging of the crown plates independently through wide arcs. In any position assumed by the anchor on the bottom and for all positions of the free-swinging crown plates, the flukes will quickly penetrate into the bottom in response to tension on the anchor chain or line transmitted through the shank. If the flukes or crown plates, or both, become fouled on the bottom, the anchor can still be retrieved without difficulty by pulling in the proper direction on the shank due to the free-swinging ability of the crown plates and the flukes relative to the shank. Simplicity of construction, economy of manufacturing, and ease of storage in a small space are important features.

Abstract: A counting device comprising a series of beads strung on a pair of flexible linear elements or cords. The beads can be moved up and down on the braided cords and will remain in adjusted position along the length of the cords.

Abstract: A radio tuner for detachably coupling with a cassette tape recorder is disclosed, and forms a radio set when connected with a source battery, an amplifier and a loudspeaker contained within the recorder. The tuner has a casing which is molded from a synthetic resin material and which receives a bar antenna for reception of AM broadcasts. One of the sidewalls of the tuner casing, located at right angles to its mating surface with the recorder, has a rod antenna for reception of an FM broadcast mounted thereon, while a knob associated with a station selecting dial is mounted on the other sidewall. The dial is located on one of the major surfaces of the tuner casing, and is coupled with the knob through a fastening string which is caused to run in mutually perpendicular directions by means of a diverting member having a pair of string engaging portions.

Abstract: A method of draining parts emerging from hot galvanizing baths using a range of vibration excitation frequencies capable of covering the fundamental frequencies of the parts to be drained. Three different methods are disclosed. According to a first method the vibrations are obtaining by exciting with a narrow band white noise the support for the parts to be drained. According to a second method, the vibrations are produced from a single exciter fed with narrow band white noise and energizing vibrators through the medium of amplifiers. According to a third method, the vibrations are produced by a number of small vibrators each of which furnishes one of the frequencies of the chosen spectrum, whereby said vibrators jointly synthesize the narrow band white noise.

Abstract: The present invention relates to apparatus for the continuous enamelling of tubes. The apparatus disclosed incorporates an upender which is installed with provision for displacement along guides so as to transfer pipes from a horizontal position into a vertical one. These guides are arranged in vertical parallel planes, at least one guide in each plane, and each of the guides consists of several portions: a horizontal portion, an inclined one, and a portion running vertically so as to transfer the tubes to a trolley located on an annular splitable monorail which is made up of immovable sections and movable ones which displace in the vertical plane integrally with the tube during the process of enamelling. The apparatus also incorporates a means of applying enamelling slip and a means of heating designed to dry and fuse the slip. The apparatus disclosed displays a high capacity and allows to apply the slip to tubes of various lengths and diameters.

Abstract: In a line for coating a ferrous base metal strip with a molten coating metal, the line being of the type having a preparation furnace for the strip comprising a direct fired furnace, a controlled atmosphere heating furnace, one or more cooling chambers and a snout leading beneath the surface of the molten coating metal bath, all in sealed relationship to each other, the improvement comprising a method and means for maintaining a non-oxidizing atmosphere at positive pressure within the entire preparation furnace during line stops. To this end, a retractable, refractory lined door means is provided in the conduit between the direct fired furnace and its exhaust fan to seal off the direct fired furnace from its exhaust fan and an air dilution opening in that conduit. Additionally, means are provided to add excess nitrogen flow to the preparation furnace to maintain a positive pressure therein.

Abstract: Tanks for seagoing tankers for transporting liquefied natural gas or liquefied methone are basically prismatic, wherein the corners between intersecting walls are rounded off so that in such tanks adjacent flat wall parts are interconnected by a curved wall part. The invention relates to an apparatus and a method for mechanically treating the inner surfaces of the walls of such a tank, wherein the apparatus is so constructed that it is able to displace a treating tool along the flat wall parts and along the curved wall parts in such a manner that these wall parts are treated in a similar manner so that the quality of the treatment will be the same for all the various wall parts. The apparatus is particularly useful for spraying an insulating material, for example a polyurethane foam, onto the inner surface of the walls of such a tank.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for the recovery of small plastic tissue sections described. A container having parallel sides is rotatably supported on its ends. Slides are placed in the container at an angle. The container is filled with a liquid and the histologic specimens are floated on the liquid within the receptacle. The container is then tilted so that the slides are horizontal and the sections are floating over the slides. A valve allows release of the liquid from the container into a trough. When the water level falls just below the level of the slides the valve is closed and the slides are removed for further processing.

Abstract: A bird-cage includes an elongated barrel, which has a wall bounding the interior thereof, upper and lower open ends. The upper open end can be detachably closed by a first discrete end closure, which is formed with a first bent portion directed upwardly when the first closure is installed on the barrel in an operative position to increase the interior volume of the container. The first closure is adapted to be inverted with its bent portion directed down and inwardly into the container in a collapsed position. The lower open end can be detachably closed by a second discrete end closure, which is formed with a second bent portion directed downwardly when this closure is installed in the barrel in the operative position to further increase the interior volume of the container. The second closure can also be inverted with its bent portion directed up and inwardly into the interior in the collapsed position.

Abstract: The invention concerns heat exchange devices for cooling the wall and the refractory of a blast furnace. Such a device, constituting a cooling box, comprises:a closed enclosure, elongated and having a shape of revolution or substantially of revolution, this enclosure comprising an outer end and an inner end,an axial chamber defining with said enclosure an annular chamber, this axial chamber comprising an outer end and an inner end,a supply orifice for feeding a cooling liquid into the axial chamber through its outer end.

Abstract: A space heater with a heat recovery system in which the exhaust gases from the hot air furnace are passed through a heat exchanger in which a set of water heating coils is disposed. The set of coils is connected to a hot water holding tank which is in turn connected to a bank of heat exchanger coils in the heated air outlet of the furnace. A damper is provided in the exhaust pipe of the furnace and a pipe connects the exhaust pipe on the anterior side of the damper with the heat exchanger, and a pipe connects the chamber with the exhaust pipe on the posterior side of the damper. A pump is provided for circulating the water between the first set of coils and the holding tank, and a fan forces the air form the exhaust pipe through the chamber in the heat exchanger. The pump and fan are controlled by a switch responsive to the operation of the furnace. The holding tank may be used to heat water supplied to a hot water heater of a hot water supply system.

Abstract: There is disclosed a spark-ignited internal combustion engine wherein a blend of gasoline and alcohol is separated into its gasoline and alcohol phases, with the gasoline being atomized within an induction system, and the alcohol being dissociated into vapors which are mixed with the atomized gasoline in the induction system to provide the fuel for the engine.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine comprising a combustion chamber, an injection chamber connected thereto through an injection port, a secondary inlet passage opening to the injection chamber, and a secondary inlet valve for opening and closing the secondary inlet passage. A spark plug is extended into the combustion chamber so as to dispose a spark gap of the plug close to the injection port. At the suction stroke of the engine, air in the injection chamber is injected near to the spark gap through the injection port to blow away the combustion gas around the gap and also to generate a strong swirl and turbulence of the mixture in the combustion chamber, thereby improving firing and combustion of the lean mixture in the combustion chamber to reduce the discharge of noxious components in the exhaust gas and improve the fuel consumption.

Abstract: Disclosed is an internal combustion engine comprising a combustion chamber and an accumulation chamber which are interconnected to each other via an accumulation valve. The opening operation of the accumulation valve is controlled so that the accumulation valve remains opened during the compression stroke. Fuel is fed into the accumulation chamber to form therein a rich mixture. In the first half of the compression stroke, a jet of the rich mixture is spouted out into the combustion chamber from the accumulation chamber to stratify the inside of the combustion chamber so that the rich mixture is collected around the spark plug. In the latter half of the compression stroke, a lean mixture in the combustion chamber flows into the accumulation chamber to accumulate the mixture under high pressure, which is spouted out into the combustion chamber at the next cycle, in the accumulation chamber.

Abstract: A fuel metering control loop which includes an exhaust gas sensor and an integrating controller. In order to operate the system at an air number which may differ from the most stable operating point of the oxygen sensor, the output signal from the controller is deliberately changed so as to override the command signals from the oxygen sensor. In particular, the output signal undergoes a step-change toward a higher or lower value at the times of reversal of sensor potential. Thus, the average value of the air number which the controller effectively maintains is different from the nominal value which would be obtained with direct sensor control. In another embodiment, the ongoing integration process is continued for some time beyond the sensor signal reversal.

Abstract: The runners of the intake manifold between the fuel-air mixture device and the valve ports of the head of an internal combustion engine are tuneable to a particular engine and/or RPM range either manually or automatically by moving at least one wall of each runner inwardly and outwardly to correspondingly decrease and increase the flow through cross-sectional area along the runner. Manual adjustments may be made for particular running conditions or engine component combinations, and automatic adjustments may be made in correspondence with changes in engine speed during operation by vacuum controls, throttle linkage, or electrical controls, for example.

Abstract: A two-stroke internal combustion engine having a stepped piston in which the cylinder casting has a bore of greater diameter to form a pumping part, a bore of lesser diameter to form a working part, exhaust port means in the working part and opposed transfer port means on opposite sides of the working part disposed symmetrically about a plane passing through the longitudinal axis of the cylinder and center of the exhaust port means, the transfer port means being of a form to be produced in the casting process by non-separate cores introduced linearly towards the plane.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine has at least one cylinder acting as an air pump for the admission of scavenging air into the remaining cylinders.

Abstract: A resiliently deformable link is interposed between the throttle linkage and the throttle lever of a carburetor normally associated with a conventional internal combustion engine. The resiliently deformable member receives and stores energy during acceleration movements of the linkage and transmits the energy to the throttle lever for opening the throttle valve. A pneumatic restrictor such as a dashpot or bellows opposes the opening of the throttle valve in response to the resiliently deformable member. The rate of discharge of air into or from a chamber within the pneumatic restrictor modulates the rate of opening the throttle valve. Air flow is regulated by air bleed means which may be an adjustable atmospheric vented valve or other means responsive to engine manifold vacuum.Biasing means serve to urge the throttle lever toward a closed throttle position.

Abstract: An electronic ignition control apparatus for an engine comprises a reference signal generator to produce a reference signal corresponding to the top dead center position of a piston, a first sensor to produce a first output signal indicative of the amount of air sucked into a combustion chamber of the engine, a second sensor to produce a second output signal indicative of a predetermined period of time necessary for generating a spark voltage in an ignition coil, and a memory circuit to store a data indicating an optimum period of time for spark advance in relation to the amount of sucked air and responsive to the reference signal to produce a third output signal indicative of a period of time for spark advance relative to the first output signal, a calculation circuit responsive to the reference signal to calculate a timing to start energization of the primary winding of the ignition coil in the following cycle of the reference signal with respect to each period of time represented by the second and third ou

Abstract: An exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) system comprises a vacuum operated EGR control valve, a differential pressure modulator to produce a control negative pressure for operating the control valve by modulating engine intake vacuum with air, sensors to sense certain parameters of the engine operating condition and an electronic controller which memorizes an optimum control pattern with respect to engine operating conditions to provide a control signal representing an optimum EGR rate to an electromagnetic valve, which regulates the magnitude of a signal negative pressure to be applied to the pressure modulator, so that EGR can be effected exactly at an optimum rate under every operating condition of the engine.

Abstract: A valve is disclosed which is designed for injecting air into an internal combustion engine fuel/air inlet system under controlled conditions, i.e., no air is injected in the engine idle phase (typically under high manifold vacuum from 17 to 20 inches of mercury (in. Hg)). Air injection takes place by means of this valve as a differential function of manifold pressure which is related to throttle opening, (typically starting at about 16 in. of Hg and fully open to atmospheric air at about 8 to 10 inches of Hg, corresponding to open throttle conditions at normal vehicle cruise. The injection valve disclosed herein is designed for installation in series with the engine crankcase scavenging hose on the manifold side of the pollution control valve (PCV). Air flow through the manifold injection valve is controlled by a spring loaded piston and cylinder assembly which is actuated by a vacuum control hose connected to a take off point on the engine inlet manifold.

Abstract: Disclosed is an air-fuel ratio feedback control apparatus for an internal combustion engine. The engine adopts a fuel injection system and the air-fuel ratio control apparatus comprises a specific air flow meter whose output signal indicates a different amount from the actual amount of air flow sucked into the engine, and a feedback control stopping circuit. When the feedback control is stopped, the desirable air-fuel ratio is obtained.

Abstract: A warm air intake system for an internal combustion engine having a change-over valve which selectively connects an air intake passage of the engine to a cold air source or to a warm air source, diaphragm means supplied with intake manifold vacuum by a vacuum passage so as to change-over the change-over valve in accordance with supply or relief of vacuum to its diaphragm chamber, and a snap action thermostat control valve which involves a temperature hysteresis between its on and off operations and which selectively opens a middle portion of the vacuum passage to the atmosphere in accordance with the temperature of the air flowing through the air intake passage.

Abstract: A pump and pump system employs electromagnetic actuation during discrete, periodic time periods, imparting rapid strokes covering small distances. Each stroke is delineated by stop members at least one of which is of wedge-like form and is controllably shifted to vary the stroke.

Abstract: Device for supplying fuel to the atomizer of a combustion engine comprises at least a pump to be connected with the atomizer having a piston-bounded pump chamber and an electromagnet for reciprocating said piston.Said device is improved, particularly with regard to the seal of the pump piston, the control and the adjustment of the pumped quantity of fuel, the life-time and the cooling of the device, the compactness and simplicity of construction and/or simplification of maintenance.

Abstract: There is disclosed a portable barbecue cooking stove having scissor action support legs pivotally joined together and pivotably joined to a cooking and support surface by pivot pins and an over-center link arrangement so that in the erected position the cooking and support surface is in a horizontal position and is easily foldable by unlatching of a catch disconnecting the four bar linkage structure. The barbecue includes wheels for mobility.

Abstract: A fireplace stove includes a sheet metal fire box of octagonal vertical cross-section incorporating on its front side a sheet metal front window assembly including a tempered glass window with a sliding shut-off plate insertably mounted just behind the window and between the glass window and a convection draft area formed by a horizontal draft channel which underlies the front window assembly. A draft slide bar underlies a fixed grill within the front window assembly box frame above the glass window and between the window and the fire box. A motor driven fan supplies air within an air flow passage defined by the backsplash plate vertically mounted to the stove and the rear of the stove to cause forced air flow upwardly between the vertical rear wall of the fire box and the backsplash plate to effect heat transfer by convection and downwardly within an air flow channel defined by the bottom horizontal walls of the fire box to maintain the floor which underlies the fireplace stove relatively cool.

Abstract: A furnace peep sight utilizes a pair of glass plates removeably mounted within passageways of a truncated conical body journaled for rotation and partly mounted within the wall of a furnace. A passageway, useful for sighting purposes, passes through both of the glass plates extending transverse to the longitudinal axis of the body so as to position, in one angular location of the body, one of the glasses inwardly towards the interior of the furnace and the other glass plate located outwardly from the exterior surface of the wall. Further rotation of the body permits the glass plates to be aligned transverse to a sight hole otherwise coaxially aligned the openings in the body.

Abstract: Apparatus and methods for concentrating and collecting solar energy and for lowering the cost and increasing the efficiency of solar energy systems are disclosed. Solar energy is concentrated by economical refringent lenses or lens systems including fluid lenses and/or Fresnel-type lenses. The lenses concentrate the solar energy preferably along lines in continuous linear foci or in discrete foci at an elongated collector comprising one or more fluid-carrying conduits and one or more fluids therein. In one embodiment, a plurality of photovoltaic cells are located in or on the collector along the linear foci or at the discrete foci and operate at increased efficiency with heat being removed by the collector.

Abstract: A modular solar collector comprises a plurality of detachably interconnected modules forming a closed structural surface. Each module comprises a solar collector unit with a cavity receiving a heat carrier fluid through an inlet and delivering the heated fluid through an outlet, the inlet and out each having a coupling part. The unit is carried on a mounting plate which has a conduit portion for the fluid embedded therein. The inlet and outlet ends of the conduit portion each has a coupling part. The inlet end coupling part and the outlet coupling part, on the one hand, and the outlet end coupling part and the inlet coupling part, on the other hand, are matched for detachable assembly to form detachable joints between respective registering pairs of the coupling parts for detachably assembling the unit and the mounting plate.

Abstract: Frying apparatus including a fry pot and a filter system operable during a cleaning cycle for dislodging food particles which cling to the fry pot and for removing food particles suspended in the cooking oil is disclosed. The filter system includes a shower apparatus which discharges jets of cooking oil along the interior side surfaces of the fry pot to dislodge food particles clinging thereto. The cooking oil is drained into a drain pan, strained through a filter and means are provided for pumping the filtered cooking oil back to the fry pot where it is discharged through the shower apparatus. Food particles are continuously separated from the cooking oil as it is conveyed from the fry pot through the filter into the drain pot. In a preferred embodiment, a control circuit is provided for automatically turning off the fry pot heaters when the cooking oil is drained during the filter cycle.

Abstract: Dish for holding food to be heated in a microwave cooking chamber in which the dish bowl provided for holding the food is made to obtain high absorption of high-frequency radiation and the handles and/or base are made to obtain low absorption of high-frequency radiation. In one form the dish has two dish bowls with a common bottom wall, and with one dish bowl having its inner surface covered with a high-frequency radiation-absorbing coating, and the other dish bowl having its inner surface covered with a high-frequency radiation-reflecting coating.

Abstract: An apparatus for directing and controlling the flow of water between the supply and return of a solar collecting device, the cold water inlet and hot water outlet of a water heater and the cold water source and hot water feed of conventional household plumbing. The Water Flow Controller Device includes a cold water source connector, a hot water feed connector, a collector supply connector, a collector return connector, a cold water inlet connector, and a hot water outlet connector. The hot water outlet connector is bifurcated to provide independent water flows paths for the hot water and the collector return water. The Water Flow Controller Device circulates water through a connected solar collecting device when the temperature at the output of the solar collecting device is above the temperature of the water at the bottom of a connected water heater.

Abstract: A solar energy collector structure has been provided which comprises a plurality of at least partially evacuated tubular members arranged in a group lying in parallel axial alignment. Each tubular member is joined to a next adjacent tubular member of the group to form a self supporting structure having at least one enclosed flow channel defined by intersticies of tubular members so joined. An absorber surface, disposed in communication with the flow channel, intercepts and absorbs solar energy, which is carried by a working fluid in the heat exchange relation with the absorber surface.

Abstract: A heat exchanger panel having a desired system of tubular passageways having a heat exchange medium wherein said panel includes opposed headers including island-like bonded portions and said passageways have entry and exit portions extending from said headers to provide ingress and egress openings for said heat exchange medium. The headers include as part of the island-like bonded portions alphanumeric bonded portions to assist in properly installing the panel within a complete solar collector assembly.

Abstract: A solar energy collector wherein the absorber means comprises a black liquid absorber for converting solar energy to thermal energy and absorbing the thermal energy. The solar energy collector includes an upper cover having a plurality of raised chamber modules each having surfaces angularly disposed to the cover surface for collecting and transmitting solar energy to the black liquid absorber. Means are provided for exposing the black liquid absorber to solar radiation and comprise an upper and lower surface means transparent to solar energy and defining a plurality of elongated channel means for conveying the black liquid absorber therebetween. Inlet means are provided for introducing the black liquid abosrber to the channel means and outlet means are provided for conveying away the black liquid absorber and absorbed thermal energy.