Abstract: A cartridge extractor, comprising a resilient ring segment formed with a claw, is mounted within a recessed bolt face without a rivet. The wall of the bolt recess is formed with an arcuate clearance cut, radius cuts at either end of the clearance cut, and projecting lobes at the junctions of these cuts. The extractor ring has its free ends bent to form detent arms, which are seated in the radius cuts to support the claw in a position to engage a cartridge base as it enters the recess. This deflects the ring into the clearance cut, guided by the detent arms sliding over the lobes. When the claw seats in the extraction groove of the cartridge, the ring is guided back to its original position by the detent arms re-seating themselves in the radius cuts.For use in auto-loading firearms whose bolts rotate violently, a means is added to prevent relative rotation of the extractor ring, without interfering with its normal deflection.

Abstract: The pivotally mounted hammers of a double-barrel shotgun are each provided with a pair of trip teeth that are engaged alternately by a forwardly directed projection on each of a pair of pivotally mounted trip levers for arming and releasing the hammers. A pair of trip springs are utilized for displacing the hammers. Guide rods associated with the trip springs and the hammers allow slight angular displacement of said hammers in their disengaged position.

Abstract: The invention is shown as a rifle and weapon rest for supporting the weapon during aiming and firing. There is an upper, partially limited, radially movable rifle holder having a fixed or an adjustable weapon holding strap and a pressure rod spring-supported vertically and axially, which is received displaceably in a guide tube. The guide tube is supported from a holding body by an adjustable rack-and-pinion mechanism. The holding body is supported from the ground by two collapsible strut members. Several modifications of means for detachably and pivotally connecting the rifle stock to the rifle holder are included.

Abstract: A rod holder device useful in combination with a plural section fishing rod for holding at least one of the rod sections in substantially parallel relation to the main body of the fishing rod. The device is primarily useful for storing and transporting a plural section fishing rod in its taken apart condition, and is preferably integrally mounted on the fishing rod handle. The rod holder device comprises a receiver body movably attached to the fishing rod as by a pivot pin, and the receiver body is movable between first and second positions defining a closed and opened condition, respectively. A receiver aperture is formed in the receiver body and is operatively disposed when the device is in its second position. The receiver aperture is dimensioned and configured to receive, preferably, the male end of a rod section therein.

Abstract: A simulated vehicle instrumentation and control apparatus includes sound effects generating arrangements, indicators and displays that are controlled to simulate realistic driving conditions in response to the operation of various vehicle controls by the operator of the simulated vehicle apparatus. The vehicle controls include a steering wheel, an accelerator pedal, a brake pedal, a transmission gear shift selector, and an ignition switch. In various specific embodiments, additional controls are provided including siren and light controls. The turning of an ignition key in the ignition switch to a predetermined position initiates operation of the simulated vehicle apparatus. Operation of the accelerator pedal conditions the simulated vehicle apparatus to generate simulated vehicle engine sound effects in response to subsequent operation of the transmission gear shift selector.

Abstract: A moisture control system for a contact roller-type fluid applicator automatically maintains the fluid level on the roller surface within a predetermined range. A sensor biased against the roller continuously monitors the moisture content and signals an electronic controller to initiate sequential wetting and delay cycles when it is below a preset value.

Abstract: A reusable temporary cover for indoor house plants to retain moisture for the plant. The cover is formed of flexible transparent plastic sheet material with tie means to completely enclose a house plant and includes a water retention portion to catch and store excess water. By enclosing the plants after watering, a terrarium effect is produced and moisture is retained within the cover for a long period of time.

Abstract: This invention relates to a unitary structural flower pot device which provides for controlled emission of moisture about the foliage of a flower or other plant contained therein while simultaneously providing for the conventional watering of the plant root structure coupled with additional means for draining off any potentially stagnating fluid from within the plant medium.

Abstract: A pair of doors hinged to a frame and including a self-locking three-point latch and coordinated closing system.

Abstract: A double window construction and particularly an interior storm window construction wherein the framing or frame of the storm window is uniquely configured to provide both window support for the storm windows installed and also a smooth interior finish relative to the window opening being accommodated. The windows themselves are chamfered at their outer edges to provide for ease of installation in tracks or channels formed by resilient ribs. The sides of each rectangular storm window, as to the frame, are generally L-configured in transverse cross-section and include outwardly facing support ribs for providing support as well as space to receive a settable fluid substance such as silicone rubber, whereby to provide a secure support for the frame. The inner edges of the frame sides are preferably cut at the job site to abut directly the interior surface of the existing window frame.

Abstract: An apparatus for grinding cutting tools attached to a cutter head for gear cutting machines, the cutter head having sets of cutting tools encompassing three respective groups of cutting tools, specifically inner cutters, outer cutters and auxiliary cutters. Two groups of the cutting tools are removed from the cutter head, the first group of cutting tools is completely ground at the cutter head, the second group of cutting tools is inserted into the cutter head and completely ground, and then the third group of cutting tools is inserted in the cutter head and completely ground.

Abstract: An internal grinding machine having two grinding wheel spindles each of which has a grinding wheel for grinding a part of the inner or end surfaces of a workpiece. The workpiece is ground by both the wheels while it is held in a work spindle. The machine includes a wheel carrier assembly comprising a first wheel carrier table slidable in a direction on the machine base and being provided with a dressing infeed mechanism and an infeeding mechanism for the wheel spindle which is to grind the taper or face of the workpiece, and a second wheel carrier table slidable in a proper direction on the first wheel carrier table and having the grinding wheel spindles adjustably mounted thereon. The machine further includes a shift-infeed table having the work spindle thereon. The shift infeed is provided with a dressing infeed mechanism and an infeeding mechanism for the other wheel spindle.

Abstract: Blade sharpening apparatus including two final honing wheels of substantially cylindrical geometrical configuration. The wheels are nominally five inches in length and six inches in diameter, the diameter of the exit end of the wheel being approximately 0.0015 inches greater than the entrance end. The wheel mounted on either side of a continuous blade strip rotate about parallel axes which are also parallel to the edge of the blade strip. A spiral helix is formed on the surface of each wheel such that when the wheels are intermeshed a nip running along and parallel to the blade edge is formed. The material from which the wheels are fabricated is selected to have sufficient resiliency so as to form a final facet on the blade of substantially convex geometry.

Abstract: A rear wall is detachably fitted at the rear of a body frame. A grinding wheel casing is also associated at the rear of the rear wall. A feeder wheel disposed on the front surface of the body frame and a rotatable grinding wheel provided within the grinding wheel casing are respectively rotated by a motor provided within the body frame. A cutter disposed opposite the feeder wheel cuts open a lid of a can rotated by the feeder wheel. The rotatable grinding wheel provided within the grinding wheel casing sharpens the edge of a knife inserted into the grinding wheel casing from a slit formed in a portion of the grinding wheel casing.

Abstract: Apparatus as described for centering a collet chuck relative to the longitudinal axis of a dop arm for a gem faceting machine. The apparatus includes a socket mounted to the dop arm and a plug slidably received within an open longitudinal bore formed within the socket. The plug mounts a collet chuck. Two longitudinally spaced sets of screws extend radially into the socket. The individual screws of the two sets can be turned against the plug to adjust the collet chuck into a secure precise coaxial relation with the dop arm axis.

Abstract: A roof flashing structure of the type having a generally flat plate with an upstanding housing integrally attached thereto can be improved by forming the upmost periphery of said housing such that it has an inner wall and an outer wall with a channel in between these walls. An elastomeric sealing member has a support wall with a plurality of annular pipe sealing flanges extending from said support wall. Also attaching to the support wall is a skirt which extends downward from the annular wall. The skirt is shaped and dimensioned to mimic the shape of the interior of the channel. The skirt is attached to the channel via mechanical locking passageways in conjunction with a thermal bonding. The thermal bond is formed by a process wherein the elastomeric sealing member is molded into the housing using a compatible plastic for the housing and a compatible rubbery material for the sealing member.

Abstract: A kiosk has a central base enclosing an electric motor drivingly connected to an umbrella-like cover supported over the central base for upward and downward movement. A closed counter encloses the central base with a walk space between the counter and the central base and a door in the counter permitting entry to the walk space. The umbrella-like cover is movable by the motor to an elevated position in which the kiosk can be used and a lower position in which it lies over and partially encloses the counter and prevents opening of the door in the counter. A key switch on the outer surface of the counter permits raising of the umbrella-like cover and lowering of the cover as required by the user.

Abstract: Temperature equalizing means for roofs. Means are provided for containing and controlling ceiling insulation so as to provide adequate air-flow communication between a first zone defined between the ceiling and the roof of a building and a second zone defined between projecting eaves of said building and soffits immediately thereunder. Such communication maintains the roof at a more nearly uniform temperature across the entire width of the roof so that during cold weather melting of snow on the roof is minimized and thereby the build-up of a ridge of ice along the eaves caused by freezing of melted snow is minimized and, consequently, leakage of melted ice under the shingles and through said roof is prevented. The device comprises a channel-shaped member positionable between the rafters of the building and spaced from the inside surface of the roof boards whereby communication between said first and second zones is not blocked by the installation of insulation on said ceiling.

Abstract: A timber framed building of components able to be fabricated forming a post and beam structure on a foundation completed with diaphragm sheathing on the outside of the frame, the building including exterior wall posts, rafters and ridge beams of paired timber plates which are connected by metal splicing members. The diaphragm sheathing is provided with a strong back between wall posts which runs substantially horizontally around the exterior walls and is secured to posts and is fixed along its length to the diaphragm sheathing. The system allows for aesthetic, low cost, demountable buildings, to be erected speedily by unskilled labor.

Abstract: A foundation covering comprising a set of insulating blocks which when fastened end to end form a continuous protective covering over the foundation area of a building to retard heat loss and direct water or snow away from the foundation area.

Abstract: PCT No. PCT/US79/00501 SEC. 371 Date July 16, 1979 SEC. 102(e) Date July 16, 1979 PCT Filed July 16, 1979A mobile apparatus (20) has a hydraulically operated pivoted boom (22) and a hydraulically operated pivoted arm (24) and on the free end of the arm is a hydraulically operated mechanism (26) for handling heavy loads in ways that cause torsional and bending distortion of the boom (22) and the arm (24). Coplanar steel hydraulic conduits (42a and 42b, and 45a and b to 50a and b) are slidably carried in conduit support blocks (57); and those blocks in turn are mounted on brackets (53) fixed to the arm (24) or brackets (69) fixed to the boom (22) by carrying means (56 or 72) which allows directionally unrestricted limited movement of the blocks (57) in a plane parallel to that of the conduit centers, and which also allows axial movement along lines perpendicular to that plane.

Abstract: A system, for new or old construction, involving the installation of channels of water impermeable material along the juncture between the floor slab and the adjoining exterior walls, immediately beneath and substantially flush with the interior wall paneling components used to finish the interior of the exterior walls. The channels provide for the direct collection and removal of seepage water or the like coming through the exterior walls.

Abstract: This invention relates to a silo for passing or feeding various kinds of powders into something else. The silo comprises a storage portion positioned at the upper part thereof and two or more hoppers which diverge from a position in the silo height, wherein a vertical internal wall of the storage portion is integrally associated with a vertical internal wall of the hopper having the exhaust port. Accordingly, powders stored into the silo can fall perpendicularly along the vertical internal walls of the storage and of the hoppers, thereby being smoothly exhausted from the exhaust ports without causing any bridging phenomenon or air locking of the powders in the silo. In addition, the falling speed of the powders is accelerated.

Abstract: A prestressed concrete pressure-containment vessel having one or more cavities within its external shell. The cavities, whether cylindrical or other shape, are totally contained by prestressing tendons, which apply forces to contain various pressures within the structure. By permitting and actually inducing controlled cracking of the vessel in the outer portions of the thick shell wall, one embodiment of a pressure-containment vessel relieves stresses and enhances resistance to very high internal pressures and to stresses due to high internal temperatures and steep temperature gradients.

Abstract: A foamed plastic core door, structural panel or closure member comprises an inner core of light weight, cellular, foamed plastic material having opposite outwardly facing side surfaces, each formed with a base portion having a plurality of relatively small, integrally formed, outwardly projecting, compressible bosses arranged at spaced apart intervals thereon. At least one outer skin or decorative door face member is provided having an inside surface confronting said core surface in facing spaced apart relation with the base portion and in adhesive contact against the outer faces of a plurality of the projecting bosses, thus, providing a thin, dead air, insulating space between a major area portion of the side face of the core and the adjacent confronting inside surface of the outer skin.

Abstract: A security panel door of wooden construction, which is characterized by its ability to successfully meet established security test criteria that have been promulgated under existing official building codes, and a method of construction thereof. The subject security panel door embodies a pair of stiles, at least a top rail and a bottom rail, and at least one panel member. One of the longitudinally extending side edges of each of the pair of stiles has first joint means formed therein. The latter first joint means each include at least a first portion and a second portion, with the aforesaid first portion being larger than the aforesaid second portion in at least one dimension. Both the top rail and the bottom rail have a second joint means formed in one of the longitudinally extending side edges thereof. Each of the second joint means includes at least a first portion and a second portion, with the first portion being larger than the second portion in at least one dimension.

Abstract: A longitudinal sheet of paperboard has longitudinally aligned spacing elements for holding and containing substantially flat, frangible items resiliently spaced from each other. The sheet is adapted for wrapping the edges of the flat, frangible items for packaging and shipping. Rigid supports elevate the package above the floor for manipulation, as by fork lifts. A plurality of the sheets can be overlapped to form an adjustable, enlarged shipping container having a unique size adjusted to the size of the items packaged. The so-packaged items can be cinched tightly to form a tight, resilient shipping ensemble.

Abstract: A wheel-type form-fill-seal vacuum packaging machine in which a wheel carrying a circular series of dies or molds is adapted to be driven at different speeds for accommodation to different product infeed conditions, and in which a vacuum chamber/seal plate assembly is closed with respect to one of the molds with a timed dwell interval for the seal plate which is the same for different wheel speeds.

Abstract: A method and apparatus are provided for removing closures from containers that are assembled in cases which are moved seriatum into position below multiple spindles arranged with respect to the container positions in the case. Each spindle has a non-rotatable internally threaded nut with a freely rotatable externally threaded screw therethrough, and a head unit for gripping a closure on the container. Axial displacement of the multiple spindles with respect to the containers causes the head unit of each spindle to grip a container only by its closure, if it has one thereon. Axial displacement of the screw with respect to the nut rotates the screw with sufficient torque to break any bond or seal securing the closure without need of holding the container to prevent its rotation.

Abstract: An apparatus for charging tall, narrow receptacles with small, plate-like items of like size and shape. The apparatus has at least one counting and charging unit having a plurality of axially aligned counting wheels having a plurality of pockets along their periphery for receiving individual items and a funnel arranged underneath the counting wheels for receiving items discharged by the counting wheels and for directing them into a receptacle arranged below the funnel. There are further provided a plurality of orienting channels arranged between the funnel and each counting wheel. Each orienting channel is arranged to receive items from the associated counting wheel and to orient the items such that upon discharge of each item from the orienting channels into the funnel, the main plane of each item is parallel to the main plane of the receptacle situated underneath the funnel.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is an improved apparatus for forming and overwrapping the batches of products commonly known in Italy as "sticks".To form batches of products either flat, one on top of the other, or tip to tip along one of their narrower sides, a first intermittently rotating head provided with radial compartments for accommodating the individual products is placed at the side of a second head that rotates intermittently around an axis perpendicular to that of the first rotating head, is coupled to a wrapping mechanism and is provided with radial compartments, each suitable for accommodating one batch of products.The said second rotating head and the wrapping mechanism are supported in such a way that they are able to move in the direction of the first head so that the second rotating head can arrive at two different stations to receive the individual products from the first rotating head. The said two stations, angularly interspaced by 90.degree.

Abstract: A packaging machine processes a continuous web fed from a roll to form a sequence of packages or bags preferably filled with a product during its formation and sealing. The bag is formed by folding the web and sealing two web edges together longitudinally and thereafter transversely processing the web to close and seal the package ends before cutting the package from the web. In processing the package, the transverse processing mechanism operates intermittently cyclically or upon demand to grasp the web, move it, seal it and selectively to cut it to produce optionally either individual packages or a web connected sequence of two or more packages.The transverse processing mechanism comprises a piston operated reciprocable member with links moving two jaws on opposite sides of the web together into engagement with the web.

Abstract: Disclosed is an improved saddle comprising a saddle tree which is padded and upholstered on its top. The saddle tree is attached to a padded and flexible saddle skirt by connecting flaps which are affixed to the top of the skirt and which overlie marginal portions of the upholstered tree. Screws or other fasteners are employed to connect the flaps to the upholstered tree. Preferably four flaps are provided, one at each corner of the tree. Cinch rings are mounted on the forward pair of flaps. A stirrup strap is passed through slots in the tree about the middle thereof.

Abstract: A device is disclosed for treating agricultural products to enhance drying of the products by macerating the products and then forming the macerated products into a mat. The agricultural products, such as forage products and more particularly hay, are macerated by passing the products between two cylindrical rollers rotating in opposite directions at different speeds. The macerated products are then formed into a mat, if desired, by conveying the products between conveyor belts to a matting roller adjacent to one of the conveyor belts. The thus formed mat of macerated material permits drying of the products within a few hours.

Abstract: A self-propelled axial flow rotary combine includes a generally fore-and-aft disposed separator including a separating rotor surrounded by a cylindrical grate. A forward-mounted header gathers crop material from a field and feeds it to the space between the rotor and the grate for threshing and separation, straw being ejected from the rear of the separator and a portion of the crop material, including grain and chaff, passing through the grate and generally downwards to be intercepted by either a reciprocating grain pan under a forward portion of the separator or a reciprocating cleaning shoe immediately rearward of the grain pan and beneath a rearward portion of the separator. The grain pan is shaped so as to compensate for the laterally uneven distribution of the crop material as it passes downwards from the grate so that delivery of material from the rearward edge of the grain pan to the cleaner is distributed more uniformly across the width of the cleaner.

Abstract: A plurality of gleaner units are attached to the header of a self propelled cotton stripping unit, the cotton strippers having been removed. The gleaner units have an improved arm having a bifurcation at the end which permits easier adjustment of the length of the arm to maintain the belts tight. The bifurcated distal end also resulting in a longer life and more maintenance free ground pulley attachment.

Abstract: A grass catcher having upper and lower hollow sections, each providing sidewalls of substantially equal depth and a transverse wall extending between said sidewalls. The upper section is connected to the lower section to provide a relatively deep container adapted to receive grass cuttings in a grass catcher mode. The upper and lower sections are nestable, one within the other, in a storage mode and can be disposed about the lawn mower motor assembly to facilitate shipping.

Abstract: Harvesting apparatus for harvesting fruit, berries, and similar produce, including at least one pair of vibratable shaker head assemblies, each having a plurality of harvesting fingers which are subjected to rotational and vibrational movement by the shaker heads. Each shaker head of a pair is mounted on a support, and each support is mounted for pivotal movement independent of the other support about a common axis which is located substantially centrally along a line extending substantially transversely between the shaker head assemblies. Independent pivotal movement of the supports permits good penetration of produce bearing plants or bushes by the fingers.

Abstract: A yarn spinning and twisting machine which includes a drive transmission from a drive source to a plurality of spinning rings carried by vertically movable platforms and having a control for delaying the starting of the drive transmitted to the spinning rings at the start-up of the machine and for disestablishing the drive to the spinning rings before the end of the last cycle of the machine to maintain the yarn in taut condition and minimize breakage of the yarn.

Abstract: After a polyester tow having a total denier of 5000 de is drafted at a ratio of between 10 and 20 and stretch broken, the obtained fiber bundle of staple fibers is subjected to a false twisting operation by means of a fluid jet nozzle, and then the false twisted fiber bundle is wound several turns around a hot roller heated at a temperature of 220.degree. C. and located in a detwisting region downstream from the false twisting nozzle. The surface fibers, which extend outwards because of the centrifugal force generated by the rotation of the fiber bundle during the detwisting thereof, suddenly stopped rotation when the fiber bundle contacts the hot roller, and the surface fibers wrap around the body portion of the fiber bundle to form a plurality of individual wrapping portions, in each of which the surface fibers are interlaced each other. Thus a spun-like yarn is obtained.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for individually piecing up yarn on an open-end spinning machine which has a spinning rotor and a rotor brake. A rotor cleaning apparatus is carried on a pivotal cover and is used for cleaning the rotor responsive to being activated. A pivotal lever which when moved relative to the cover simultaneously activates the rotor cleaning apparatus and the rotor brake causing the rotor to be cleaned as the rotor is being stopped. The yarn is pieced up when the rotor is being brought back up to running speed.

Abstract: PCT No. PCT/US79/00504 Sec. 371 Date July 16, 1979 Sec. 102(e) Date July 16, 1979 PCT Filed July 16, 1979A method and apparatus for assembling an articulated track chain (10) affording controlled minimum end play, the chain (10) comprising a plurality of coacting, overlapping pairs of oppositely disposed links (20,22,24,26) having integral interconnecting pin and sprocket engaging members (16,18). An apparatus (122,124) for locating the coacting, overlapping pairs of links (20,22,24,26) at a preselected position on the pin (16,18), regardless of the variations in the link thickness due to manufacturing tolerances is disclosed.

Abstract: A burner construction in which staging of combustion is obtained by a primary pressure-atomizing nozzle having a low spray angle to maintain combustion within a central core of the combustor, and a secondary fuel aerating nozzle delivering fuel in a hollow cone configuration surrounding the primary fuel spray for combustion in an annulus between the central core and the wall of the combustor. Although most of the air for primary combustion is supplied with the fuel nozzle, additional air may be introduced at the upstream end of the combustor by high penetration jets that enter the central core and additional air for secondary combustion is introduced by one or more rows of holes in the combustor wall near the upstream end.

Abstract: This invention relates to a wind fence, preferably of immense area, adapted to extract energy from the wind and convert it into commercial electricity. The fence of this invention comprises a module of unique design and construction. These modules are used in multiples to form fences up to five hundred (500') feet high up to five (5) miles long. The rotors within each module are vertically disposed and are interconnected, preferably by gears, to a fluid containing gear pump. The pump produces pressured fluid, and is conducted to a turbine operated by said fluid and which is connected to a conventional electrical generator. The depressurized fluid from the turbine is returned to said gear pump. In this invention the individual rotors always rotate in only one direction, regardless of the direction of the wind.

Abstract: The hydraulic brake booster power piston has a rectangular cross section seal groove containing a rectangular cross section lathe cut seal having a greater inner diameter than the groove as well as a greater outer diameter. Radial clearance is provided between the piston and the cylinder wall. The groove has one or more holes at its inner diameter opening axially into the booster power pressure chamber. The seal is also axially thinner than the groove. Power pressure holds the seal in sealing relation with the cylinder wall and the piston. When fluid must flow from the exhaust chamber side of the piston to the power chamber side (e.g. during manual no-power operation) the seal moves to the other groove side, allowing flow radially inward in the groove and past the seal inner periphery through the hole or holes to the power chamber.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for treating hot exhaust gas to purify the gas and to recover the heat values therein includes removing particulate matter from the gas, purifying the gas by subliming or "freezing out" harmful, less volatile components and discharging the more volatile components as purified gas. The sublimed or "frozen out" components are collected and neutralized or utilized. The heat values may be recovered prior or subsequent to purifying, such as by spraying a power fluid into the gas to cool and increase the volume of the gas and then expanding the gas in an expansion turbine to further cool the gas and to produce shaft work. Alternatively, the heat values may be recovered from purified, hot gas by transferring the heat energy of the gas to a power fluid which operates in a Rankine cycle external combustion engine to do shaft work.

Abstract: An ice maker in a freezer compartment and the method of controlling the ejection of ice pieces made by the ice maker, including a mold containing a plurality of spaced cavities for forming ice pieces, a water conduit for introducing water into the mold, a water valve, and an arrangement for signaling when the water in the mold is frozen, including a temperature sensor. A thermal mass is located in the freezer compartment spaced from the mold and in heat transfer relationship with the incoming water flowing through the conduit from the water valve to the mold. The temperature sensor is located in temperature sensing relationship with the thermal mass and is calibrated to actuate the signal arrangement when the water in the mold reaches a preselected temperature below 32.degree. F.

Abstract: A refrigerated display case having a display section within a cabinet and movable door covering the access opening to such display section. The cabinet has top, bottom, rear and side walls with an access opening in its front, which opening is covered by the door. An air conduit extends along the top, bottom and rear walls of the cabinet. The air conduit has an outlet opening and an inlet opening at opposing ends thereof with the openings being in alignment so that air leaving the outlet opening will be directed towards and received by the inlet opening thereby forming an air curtain across the front opening of the cabinet along the path inside the door. During a refrigeration cycle of operation of the display case, refrigerated air is circulated through the air conduit and a refrigeration mechanism arranged within the conduit by a positive pressure air flow so as to establish a refrigerated air band and a refrigerated air curtain across the front opening in the cabinet.

Abstract: A device for protecting a refrigerant compressor against troubles resulting from shortage of the refrigerant, including two temperatures sensing units so disposed as to monitor temperatures of compressor outer wall or of the refrigerant near inlet and outlet of the compressor. Outputs from the two temperature sensing units are applied to inputs of a judging unit which generates a signal in the event it judges a refrigerant amount is insufficient through examining the inputs against a specific relationship known between the inlet and outlet temperatures as measured while the refrigerant amount is held at a predetermined lower limit. The signal is then transferred to a working means which automatically turns off the compressor and/or takes other proper actions necessary for protecting the compressor.

Abstract: A refrigerated display cabinet of the open top or open front type having a conduit extending around a storage and display space in the cabinet between an inlet and an outlet, refrigerated coils located in the conduit, air circulating fans for propelling air through the conduit over and/or around and/or through the refrigeration coils in a first direction during a refrigeration cycle, and in a second substantially opposite direction, during a defrost cycle, whereby during a defrost cycle ambient air is drawn into the conduit through the outlet and is passed around and/or through the refrigeration coils to defrost same, a supplemental defroster located in the conduit upstream of the refrigeration coils in the direction of air flow through the conduit in the defrost cycle; and, a sensing and control mechanism coupled with the supplemental defroster for sensing defrost conditions during the defrost cycle and for energizing the supplemental defroster means upon the detection of an abnormal defrost condition to the