Abstract: A disposable bedpan liner in accordance with one aspect of the invention includes an elongated liquid impervious flexible sleeve having oppositely disposed open ends. The mouth of the liner is defined at one end of such sleeve and has first handle means associated therewith to allow the mouth to be opened and brought into juxtaposition with the seat portion of a bedpan and to be closed after use by a patient. A second handle means is connected adjacent the other of the sleeve ends so that when the sleeve is folded over on itself and the first and second handle means are brought and held together, a purse-like structure is provided. The thus folded over sleeve forms a pouch for containing waste matter with release of the second handle means allowing the sleeve to unfold and the waste matter to pass outwardly through the above-noted other one of the open ends.

Abstract: A floor-supported sofa frame has a bolster support back adjoined with end walls which are further interconnected by a crossplate enclosing an area containing a cushion support member spaced above the floor. The space between the cushion support member and the floor defines a storage area wherein a floor-supported trundle bed is removably housed for withdrawal to form a lateral extension of the cushion support member. The trundle bed defines a bolster support surface to receive two bolster members that normally form a back cushion for a sofa by superimposed positioning into a face-to-face arrangement. The bolster members are hinged together and have a thickness such that, when positioned side-by-side on the trundle bed, there is formed an extension to the sofa cushion and thereby forming a bed. The bolster members, sofa frame and trundle bed are usable separately as beds and combined as a sofa with the trundle bed usable separately.

Abstract: The invention refers to a device for supporting a first member which is rotatable about a mainly vertical axis on a second member. The invention is primarily intended to be used for supporting very large members, which carry very heavy loads. The device incorporates two race tracks and a plurality of rollers cooperating therewith. In order to avoid sliding movements in the contact between roller and race track at varying loads and for achieving an even load distribution on all rollers, the rollers at least of one of the rows of rollers are resiliently suspended in support members, which are adjusted thus that the rollers will engage their associated race track under preload. The rollers and/or the race tracks may be cambered or the support members may be displaceable in the longitudinal direction of the rollers and contact the adjacent elements via arc-formed supporting surfaces for achieving a pure rolling movement in the contact between roller and race track due to race track movements.

Abstract: A man overboard rescue device for use on a sailboat having a mast supported by shrouds includes a boom, structure for attaching the boom to the shrouds, a recovery line having one end attached to the boat and the other end fed through a guide attached adjacent the outer end of the boom, a sling arrangement attached to the other end of the recovery line and a container with a selectively openable closure and attached to the boat for releasably containing the sling and the portion of the recovery line adjacent the sling.

Abstract: A method of making an article of footwear includes attaching a connecting strip to the peripheral lower edge portion of a pre-formed upper so that the connecting strip surrounds the upper. The connecting strip has a profiled section providing a projecting extension, and a pre-formed ring-like welt member having an inner surface shaped for snapping engagement with the projecting extension of the connecting strip, is snapped into engagement with the connecting strip. A pre-formed sole and heel unit is then attached to the welt member by causing the upper peripheral surface of the sole and heel unit to adhere to the lower surface of the welt member. Alternatively, the pre-formed welt member may be omitted, and the pre-formed sole and heel unit snapped directly onto the connecting strip. In a further alternative arrangement, two separate connecting strips are used on opposite ends of the article of footwear.

Abstract: A dockleveller installation is provided having a dockboard hinged for pivotal movement and a composite pneumatic-hydraulic system for pivoting the dockboard. The composite system includes a fluid-filled cylinder attached to the dockboard, a pressurized air supply, and a multiplier connected therebetween. The multiplier is a closed cylindrical member comprising an air cylinder segment connected to the air supply and a fluid cylinder segment connected to the hydraulic cylinder. The interior cross-sectional area of the air segment is greater than that of the fluid segment. The multiplier also includes a double headed piston, one end of which reciprocates and seals in the air segment, the other end of which reciprocates and seals in the fluid segment. This composite system enables pressure to be transferred through the multiplier from the air supply to the hydraulic cylinder, causing the cylinder to open and the dockboard to pivot.

Abstract: Radioactive hot cell access hole decontamination machine. A mobile housing has an opening large enough to encircle the access hole and has a shielding door, with a door opening and closing mechanism, for uncovering and covering the opening. The housing contains a shaft which has an apparatus for rotating the shaft and a device for independently translating the shaft from the housing through the opening and access hole into the hot cell chamber. A properly sized cylindrical pig containing wire brushes and cloth or other disks, with an arrangement for releasably attaching it to the end of the shaft, circumferentially cleans the access hole wall of radioactive contamination and thereafter detaches from the shaft to fall into the hot cell chamber.

Abstract: A street sweeper having a frame with a cab carried thereon. An engine is mounted on the frame for powering the sweeper. A series of operating mechanisms are supported on the frame for assisting in a sweepings pick-up operation. A series of hydraulic motors are provided with each being operatively associated with one of the mechanisms for operating the same. A single variable and reversible flow piston pump is operatively connected to the hydraulic motors and the hydraulic mechanisms for operating them at a constant speed. The engine operates the piston pump with a variable speed input. A control mechanism is mounted in the cab, and electrical circuit means is connected between the control mechanism and the piston pump and cooperable with said control mechanism enabling for selective operation of the mechanisms at selective rotational speeds for assisting in a sweepings pick-up operation.

Abstract: A body washing implement for bathing, comprising an annular sponge member adapted to be deformed to produce two closed loop portions or a generally 8-shaped sponge member having two closed loop portions and a covering cloth of relatively coarsely meshed fabric having the sponge member wrapped therein. The washing implement can be easily knotted in itself or on another washing implement in the form of an elongated strip of cloth such as a towel and facilitates the user of a towel to wash clean a hollow area which tends to be produced in his back when the user of the towel desires to wash his back during bathing.

Abstract: An adaptor (30, 130, 230, 530, 630) is provided for connecting different style windshield wiper arm ends (20, 120, 220, 220A, 320, 420, 520, 620) to a cross-pin-type wiper blade (25) using the same principle of operation for locking the different style arm ends to the adaptor (30, 130, 230, 530, 630) prior to assembling the adaptor on the blade (25). A latch member (45, 145, 245, 545, 645) carried by a leaf spring (41, 141, 241, 541, 641) engages with and retains any one of several different style arm ends (20, 120, 220, 220A, 320, 420, 520, 620) on the adaptor (30, 130, 230, 530, 630) with another latch member (44, 144, 244, 544, 644) dependent from said leaf spring (41, 141, 241, 541, 641) which cooperates with the cross-pin (26) of the cross-pin-type blade (25) to prevent the latching member (45, 145, 245, 545, 645) from releasing the arm end (20, 120, 220, 220A, 320, 420, 520, 620) when the adaptor (30, 130, 230, 530, 630) is assembled on said cross-pin (26).

Abstract: A windshield wiper refill wiping unit includes a squeegee element supported by a sinuous backing strip in which the central portion is convex in the direction facing the squeegee element and the end portions are concave on the side facing the squeegee element. The unit may be supported in an articulated superstructure having outboard claws which are disposed adjacent the end of the backing strip or in a superstructure having outboard claws which are spaced a substantial distance from the ends of the backing strip; it will produce improved pressure distribution in either type of superstructure.

Abstract: A connector or adaptor is provided for connecting a windshield wiper arm (1) to a superstructure (5) of a windshield wiper blade. The arm end has aligned bores (2) and a spring clip (3) for securing the arm to a pin on a blade. The connector or adaptor is a one or two part member (10, 11, 23, 32, 42) which is secured to a rivet (7) on the blade and has laterally located, sidewardly extending pins (21) for engagement with the arm end or has vertically located, sidewardly extending pins (31, 41) for engagement with the arm end.

Abstract: A rotary device acting as a lock between two parts and affording a supplementary function of hinging the two parts after the parts have been primarily locked. Each of the two semi-circular bolts which are not attached to one another becomes a flap carrying a hinge portion disposed in such a way that the hinge portions of the flaps are aligned with one another when the diameters of the flaps are placed side by side.

Abstract: The invention relates particularly to clamps for closing the weasands of slaughtered animals such as sheep and cattle and consisting of a base member and a strap member for clamping the weasand against the base member, the base member having an intermediate or middle part which is of arcuate shape in transverse cross-section--that is to say, in a direction transverse to the longitudinal direction of the weasand to be closed--and tapering or inclined forwardly in that longitudinal direction, and the strap member having means for securing its outer or free end to the base so as to grip a weasand tightly against the arcuately shaped middle part of the base and thereby inhibit the flow of ingesta.

Abstract: A meat cutlet tenderizing machine having first and second sets of coacting roller cutters between which a meat cutlet is fed is disclosed. The coacting roller cutters of each set are arranged in parallel pairs with rotary tenderizing knives mounted in axially spaced relation on each roller cutter. The second set of roller cutters are vertically spaced with respect to the roller cutters of the first set to permit a meat cutlet to be engaged and perforated simultaneously by the rotary tenderizing knives of both first and second sets as the meat cutlet advances through the coacting roller cutter pairs. The coacting roller cutters are driven by a chain and sprocket assembly in which the drive sprocket coupled to the roller cutters of the second set has a greater number of sprocket teeth than the drive sprocket coupled to the roller cutters of the first set thereby causing the rotary tenderizing knives of the second set to rotate at a faster rate relative to the rotary tenderizing knives of the first set.

Abstract: A method and apparatus are disclosed in which mold parts are provided for defining a mold opening and in which a foraminous member is provided with apertures communicating between an upstream side and downstream side of the member. The foraminous member is disposed with the downstream side adjacent the mold opening. Pressurized food material is forced from the upstream side of the foraminous member through the apertures to the downstream side of the foraminous member and into the mold opening as discrete extrudate masses which together define a packed array forming the patty. At least some of the mold parts are then moved away from the foraminous member to expose the downstream side of the foraminous member and a plurality of rigid probe members are inserted into at least some of the foraminous member apertures from the downstream side to dislodge tissue fibers that may have lodged in the upstream side of the member.

Abstract: A machine for cutting a travelling tow of synthetic plastic filaments to produce staple fibers has a blade carrier from which cutting blades project and have their free ends secured to a concentric surrounding ring. The facing annular surfaces of ring and carrier are shaped to resemble portions of a hollow and of a solid sphere, respectively, and together define an annular cutting channel. A tow pressing ring is arranged skew to the axis of this channel, so that it enters into the channel at one side but is spaced from and defines with the inlet to the channel a gap at the opposite side. One or the other of the carrier and ring is positively rotated. When tow is fed through the gap into the channel it forms on the carrier one or more convolutions which are progressively pressed deeper into the channel by the pressing ring until they reach and are cut by the cutting blades.

Abstract: The removal of lint fibers from the cottonseed is facilitated by aqueous pretreatments of the cotton boll with dilute chemical substances. The wet processing of the boll renders the lint amenable to easy removal from the seedcoat in the wet or dry states.

Abstract: Apparatus to provide a novel false twisted slub yarn by combining a core yarn and an effect yarn in a fluid tangling zone. The linear velocity of the effect yarn is raised to allow slubs to be produced in the combined yarn in an air jet apparatus. A baffle cage is used to prevent yarn from the air jet from interferring with adjacent air jets when an end comes down.

Abstract: This method of manufacturing composite rings for rolling-contact bearings comprises the steps of making a composite ring from a blank of bearing steel sheet and a circular rough-shaped steel body obtained by compressing a same or different steel grade used in a granular, spheroidal, pulverulent or fibrous form, by means of a sintering, forging and/or rolling operation, the final product having the sheet portion disposed in the operative area of the ring.

Abstract: A structure for the rigidification of multiple station machine tools to increase accuracy of machining operations on workpieces moved intermittently on pallets to registry stations where machine tools move toward and away from the work. The machine tools and registry stations are mounted on a common base well below the axis of the machine tool movement. Means are interposed directly between the registry stations and the tool mounts on an axis in close proximity to the axis of the machine tool movement to rigidify the relationship between the tool mount and the registry stations and thus reduce the interfaces joining the two and the possibility of motion when tool pressure is applied to the work.

Abstract: Arrangement for resiliently mounting a ceramic monolithic type catalytic converter element in a metal housing with a blanket of knit wire mesh material includes at least one circumferential band of high temperature intumescent material containing ceramic fibers positioned within the wire mesh blanket which prevents virtually all bypass leakage around the element and substantially reduces the temperature of the wire mesh.

Abstract: Presented is a tool for application to an automotive universal joint to effect the disassembly thereof from the drive shaft yoke on which it is mounted.

Abstract: Terminal pins, mounted on bandoliers, for treatment and other purposes, are removed rapidly from the bandolier, without bending or changing the end-to-end orientation. The bandolier is pulled at speed through a tool having a slot for the bandolier, a rib extending into the slot and having a chamfered leading or front edge. The chamfered end enters a clearance between pin and bandolier, the pin being forced away from the bandolier while the bandolier is held down by the rib. The pins are removed at high speed and hit an inclined surface extending over the chamfered end to be deflected sideways through a passage. The pins exit from the passage and can be fed to an assembly machine, loading apparatus or storage containers. Air may be blown through the passage to assist in removing the pins.

Abstract: An automatic tool exchanging apparatus of a machine tool comprises a machine body, a tool storage magazine, a spindle attached to the machine body, a tool conveying mechanism and a tool exchanging mechanism which are located between the tool storage magazine and the spindle for exchanging a tool in the magazine with a tool in the spindle, and a drive unit for driving the tool exchanging and tool conveying mechanisms. The tool conveying mechanism comprises a guide bar horizontally arranged between a predetermined position of the tool storage magazine and an intermediate tool pot of the tool exchanging mechanism, a tool carriage movably supported by the guide bar, a tool carriage reciprocating mechanism, a tool conveying arm member rotatably supported by the tool carriage and provided with clamp arms to clamp a tool, a tool conveying arm member rotating mechanism, and a tool conveying arm member reciprocating mechanism.

Abstract: An insulated-gate field effect transistor for high speed operation is disclosed in which the internal resistance of the gate electrode is reduced and the stray gate capacitance is maintained at a low value. In one embodiment, the reduction of the internal resistance of the gate electrode is effected by leading the gate electrode out of the transistor structure across, but above, the drain or source region in a bridge-like fashion. According to the method disclosed herein, the degree of integration of such IC devices is enhanced, and the lengths of the gate insulator film and the channel may be precisely defined.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing an IGFET device in an entirely self-registering manner, in which on the semi-conductor body a narrow silicon nitride strip is formed which covers only the active region of the body and the width of which is substantially equal to that of the transistors to be manufactured and possibly other circuit elements. This nitride strip is used as a mask for providing the channel stopper zone and as an oxidation mask for providing a first oxide layer. The nitride strip is then etched in which the strip is locally removed over its entire width and only parts remain above the channel region and contact regions which form a second oxidation mask and, in cooperation with the first oxide layer, a doping mask. The source and drain zones of the transistors and possibly further zones, for example underpasses, are formed via said doping mask after which by oxidation a sunken oxide pattern is formed over the whole surface with the exception of the channel regions and the contact regions.

Abstract: In a case where a semiconductor device is produced comprising at least one semiconductor element, an isolation region surrounding the semiconductor element and a thick silicon oxide layer lying on and around the semiconductor element, the thick oxide layer is formed by thermally-oxidizing the epitaxial layer having a buried layer and, at the same time, the isolation region is formed in the epitaxial layer by heating for thermal oxidation. Prior to a step of introducing impurities into the epitaxial layer, a patterned thin silicon oxide layer is formed. This thin silicon oxide layer is varied into the thick oxide layer by the thermal-oxidation treatment.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for making semi-conductor components on an amorphous substrate, comprising two phases, wherein, in a first phase, the substrate is introduced into a deposition chamber and a uniform deposit is made of four successive primary layers on all this substrate, without contact with the outside atmosphere: a first layer of protective insulating material, a second layer of semiconductor material, a third layer of insulating material, of smaller thickness than the first layer, and finally a fourth layer of a metal; and, in a second phase, the substrate coated with these four layers is withdrawn from the deposition chamber and the last three layers are subjected to photoetching and ancillary deposition operations, which are appropriate for the structure of the component to be obtained.

Abstract: In the fabrication of a metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor (MOSFET) or of a metal gate field effect transistor (MESFET), characterized by a polycrystalline silicon gate (13) and a short channel of about a micron or less, a sequence of steps is used involving the simultaneous formation of source, drain, and gate electrode contacts by a bombardment with a transition metal, such as platinum, which forms metal-silicide layers (19, 21, 18) on the source and drain regions (10.1, 10.2) as well as the silicon gate electrode (13).

Abstract: A method of manufacturing printed circuit sheets which is capable of efficiently manufacturing printed circuit sheets from a base sheet composed of a base material in a sheet form having applied at least on one surface an electrically conductive foil.

Abstract: Two printed circuit boards are provided, each having a row of metallic pads located along an edge. The pads are spaced along the edge so that, when the boards are aligned with the two edges opposing each other, every pad in the row of one board is opposite a pad of the row of the opposing board. Each pad has a drilled center hole suitable for the insertion of a wire. The boards are opposed and spaced apart, and jumper wires are inserted to connect each pair of opposing pad holes. The jumper wires are inserted into the holes from the opposite sides of the pads and the ends of the jumpers are soldered to the pads. The jumper wires are then cut at points intermediate the two boards to provide a row of conductive mounting terminals along an edge of each board.

Abstract: A method is disclosed for effecting mass insulation displacing termination of a plurality of conductors by a like plurality of terminals which have been pre-loaded into a housing. The housing has a plurality of terminal passageways therein opening onto a mating face and each passageway receives a terminal with a matable portion directed toward the mating face and an insulation displacing conductor engaging portion which lies in a rear portion of the passage having an opening to the side of the housing. The housing further includes a pair of hermaphroditic cover members which enclose the rear portion of the housing and also provide a strain relief function for the conductors when assembled on the housing.

Abstract: There is provided a shaving apparatus having a shear plate formed with hair entry apertures and a cutting unit rotatable relative to the shear plate. The cutting unit comprises a cutting member having a central body provided with cutters, a hair-pulling member having a central portion, hair-pulling elements respectively associated with and movable relative to the cutters, respective connecting arms extending from the hair-pulling elements to the central portion of the hair-pulling member, and an annular cover plate positioned over the inner ends of the connecting arms and engaging the central portion. The central body and the central portion each have a central opening, through both of which means formed on the cover plate extends for engaging the cutting member to secure the hair-pulling member between the cutting member and the cover plate.

Abstract: A powered pattern cutter particularly adaptable for use in cutting paper is made up of an anvil which is slotted on its outer periphery to receive a blade member, the latter being angled toward the center of the anvil, and the anvil being oscillated in a direction to force the paper between the edges of the slot in the blade so as to shear off a selected width of the paper as the paper is fed across the blade.

Abstract: A precision trimming device (18), which is provided for removing metal areas (12a) between contact pads (12) of a printed circuit board (10), includes a rotary drive motor (20) mounted for lateral and pivotal movement on a frame (22). The drive motor (20) supports a circular saw blade (24) which normally rests in a non-trimming position adjacent to the surface of the board (10). The saw blade (24) pivots into metal removing engagement with the board (10) by the action of a cam follower (50) on a camming bar (34). The frame (22) includes locator brackets (80, 82, 84 and 92) having pins (88) which are extendable into apertures (14) of the board (10) to facilitate locating the saw blade (24) for subsequent metal trimming.

Abstract: An outer blade for electric shavers having hair inlet apertures the peripheral side wall of respective which is undulated including cove-like retreating parts and headland-like projecting parts, and the projecting parts are sloped at a smaller angle of inclination than that of the retreating parts for positive raise and introduction specifically of long hair into the apertures.

Abstract: A suspension device for an angle indicator intended to indicate the angle of an object to the vertical line and comprising two angle-indicating devices designed each to indicate a predetermined angle to the vertical line and located in two planes perpendicular to each other. The suspension device comprises an outer ring which is attached rotatably about a diameter of the ring and connected to the object, and an inner ring which is located perpendicularly to and inside of said outer ring. The inner ring is movable along the inside of the outer ring. Attachment components are provided for the angle indicator inside of the inner ring and enable movement along the inner ring. According to a preferred embodiment, the attachment components are designed to attach the angle indicator so that one of the angle-indicating devices indicates the angle of the plane of the inner ring to the vertical line.

Abstract: A drawing tool comprises a pair of transparent screens each defining a drawing surface on the underside thereof. A powderized etching composition is contained in a closed and sealed chamber beneath each drawing surface to fully coat the surface upon shaking of the drawing tool. An operator-controlled joy stick can be manipulated universally to simultaneously move drawing points along the drawing surfaces to scribe nearly identical two-dimensional designs thereon. An optical viewer mounted upon the screens enables the operator to stereoscopically view the individual images created by the designs as a three-dimensional image.

Abstract: A probe guide for holding a coating thickness measurement probe in contact with a coated workpiece such that repeatable thickness measurements may be made without the necessity of the user manually positioning the probe head for proper contact. The probe guide having a probe holding assembly mounted on a stand; the probe holding assembly constructed to permit the probe to swivel freely in any direction about the geometric center of the probe head face. A workpiece holding means is provided for holding the workpiece against a probe head of the probe. By positioning the workpiece holding means to forceably move the workpiece into contact with the probe head face, the probe will swivel until the resultant vector through the center of moment of the static forces through the workpiece acting on the probe head at the point or points of contact between the workpiece surface and the face of the probe head passes through the geometric center of the probe head face.

Abstract: A measuring instrument is disclosed that is to be attached to an object that is to be plumbed so as to free both hands of the user for positioning and securing the object while the user maintains a visual check on the bubble level for precise plumbness. This plumb tool invention comprises a body member having a pair of right-angular arms for use in engaging the object that is to be plumbed. A ledge projects from one arm and supports an orbital bubble level. A bead chain is attached at one end to the body member and adapted to encircle an object that is to be plumbed. There is a keeper for engaging the bead chain along the length thereof for mounting the plumb tool to the object being plumbed with a quick-attachment and quick-release capability.

Abstract: The present drafting apparatus comprises a rail (6) removably secured along the edge of a drafting board. Normally, the rail (6) serves for guiding a T-square (2, 3) which is, for example, pulled against the rail (6) by a magnetic force. If the rail (6) is released from the brackets (8) it may be used together with the trammel heads (7) as a beam compass. For this purpose one of the trammel heads (7) is equipped with a compass needle tip (19) and the other trammel head is equipped with a compass drafting lead tip holder (16). A scale (21) attached to the rail (6) permits the precise adjustment of the radius. Further, the rail (6) when removed from the brackets (8) may also be used as a straight edge for drawing long, straight lines.

Abstract: A process and apparatus for accelerated drying of green and partially dried lumber at pressures above atmospheric pressure to rapidly remove selected portions of moisture from the wood without degradation of the wood structure. A kiln for performing the method comprises a generally cylindrical kiln chamber to contain a stack of lumber, a by-pass line from the front to the back of the chamber to heat and distribute steam evenly to the lumber surfaces, a pressure-controlled steam vent to regulate kiln temperature, and temperature control to regulate the rate of drying. Conditions of pressure and temperature in the kiln can be regulated by heat added from an external source to equalize and condition the lumber rapidly in steam.

Abstract: A system for controlling the emission of solvents from a printing press having a plurality of printing stations characterized by the solvents being evaporated from the ink solution in a drying hood or section of each of the printing presses and the volatile organic compound of the solvents being converted into harmless gases by heating in an oxidation chamber. The exhaust from the oxidation chamber is recirculated back to the drying hoods so that the amount of fresh air being brought into the system is minimized to reduce the amount of exhaust gases being discharged back to the atmosphere to minimize the amount of the volatile organic compounds being discharged to the atmosphere.

Abstract: Shoes having an upper formed with a plurality of dimples with an air hole therein are proposed. Hot dieing to form dimples hardens the leather at the dimples, increasing the durability of the shoes. Thus, the shoes are highly durable even though they are provided with air holes in the upper.

Abstract: Polymetallic nodules are collected by means of a plurality of self-propelled vehicles which move upwards and downwards between the sea floor and a surface platform under the action of excess ballast which is partially and progressively released as the vehicle approaches the bottom. The vehicles are propelled along the sea floor by means of at least two supporting units each having at least one helical propulsion fin, the remainder of the ballast being released in order to return the vehicles upwards for docking, unloading and energy-recharging in the surface platform.

Abstract: In a hydraulic dredger/excavator wherein it is desired to guide the bucket parallel to itself there is provided a control apparatus for positively controlling the necessary changes of angle between the dipper boom (4) and the bucket (5) in dependence on the change of the angle between the boom (2) and the dipper boom (4). The control apparatus has a cam disc (11) on the end of the boom (2) against which the piston rod (13) of a first control cylinder (12) arranged on the dipper boom engages under the effect of a spring (15). Both cylinder spaces or chambers of the double-acting first control cylinder (12) are connected with the corresponding cylinder spaces or chambers of a double-acting second control cylinder (16) via lines or ducts (17, 18). The second control cylinder is arranged to be parallel with the operating cylinder (10) that serves for changing the angle between the dipper boom (4) and the bucket (5).

Abstract: Heavy loads are imposed upon pivotally mounted floors (40) of mobile scrapers (10). A striking edge (41) of the floor (40) is used for leveling the discharging load when the floor (40) is open. Forces imposed on the striking edge (41) during leveling can place stress upon a pivoting apparatus (46) of the floor (40). These stresses have reduced the life of the pivoting apparatus (46). A floor support (66) for such scrapers (10) is disclosed which positively supports the floor (40) from underneath and by a frame (32) of the scraper (10). The floor support (66) reduces loading on the pivoting apparatus (46) and extends the useful life thereof.

Abstract: A scraper bowl structure (11) for use in a scraper vehicle (10) having a rear wheeled support (12) and a wheeled tractive unit (15). The bowl structure (11) is defined by sidewalls (16,17) pivotally mounting a front apron (22) and a rear blade (25). Positioning devices (29,30) are associated with the apron (22) and blade (25), respectively, selectively positioning the apron (22) and blade (25) in raised and lowered positions. Spreader elements (19,20,21) for securing the sidewalls in spaced relationship further serve as supporting elements for supporting the blade (25) in the different dispositions thereof. The configuration of blade (25) is preselected so as to bulldoze earth forwardly onto the apron (22) in a lowered position of the blade (25) and apron (22).

Abstract: A method for controlling the operation of a dredging apparatus provided with a cutting tool according to changes in at least one parameter such as soil resistance, comprises performing a working stroke with the cutting tool, measuring that parameter during that one stroke, recording the measured parameter as a function of the distance covered during that one working stroke, and regulating the hauling speed during the following working stroke according to that function. In this way, maximum permissible hauling speed can be achieved without overloading.