Abstract: Production machine which automatically rapidly continuously heat-seals blister packs of pharmaceutical capsules into match book-like covers coated on interior surfaces with a heat-sealing composition and provided on outer surfaces with descriptive printed material. The machine deposits these covers in a folded condition onto flights spaced uniformly transversely across an endless conveyor chain, opens the folded covers in order to receive the blister packs between sealing flaps and back covers of the match book-like covers, heat seals the blister packs therebetween, and then folds front covers thereover prior to packaging. Several operations are necessarily synchronized with continuous stop-and-go movement of the chain by means of cams, linkages, and pivoting members.

Abstract: The present invention comprises a bean harvesting apparatus mounted on the forward end of a motorized combine. The harvesting apparatus has a housing open along its leading edge for the reception of bean stalks. A power driven cutter bar is provided along the front of the housing which cuts the bean stalks and deposits them into the housing through the opening. A power driven suction apparatus creates a vacuum in the housing which urges the bean stalks upward and into the housing, following cutting. A power driven conveyor belt is disposed longitudinally across the housing. The conveyor belt is sufficiently porous to allow the drawing of a vacuum therethrough. A scraper mechanism scrapes the bean stalks from the conveyor belt, thereby dropping the bean stalks into the bottom of the housing. A power driven auger is disposed near the bottom of the housing which receives the bean stalks dropped from the conveyor belt.

Abstract: A natural gut string for sports rackets comprises at least two gut strands, each strand of which comprises a plurality of gut ribbons twisted together in a first direction, which strands are combined and re-twisted together in a direction opposite to the first direction. In a process for making the gut strings, the gut ribbons and gut strands are preferably twisted under tension.

Abstract: A direct current electromagnetic disc type tension control which has alternating current superimposed on the direct current circuit to allow the electromagnet to vibrate the tension discs in order to break the contact between the tension discs and between the tension discs and the electromagnet to lower the resistance to rotation of the discs.

Abstract: A direct current electromagnetic disc type tension control which has alternating current superimposed on the direct current circuit to allow the electromagnet to vibrate the tension discs in order to break the contact between the tension discs and between the tension discs and the electromagnet to lower the resistance to rotation of the discs by the yarn passing therethrough. The direct current electromagnetic tension control is an electromagnetic disc type tension control in which the yarn guiding post is slotted off-center between the discs so that the yarn being tensioned is received between the discs and exerts a torsional force on the tension discs to cause the tension discs to rotate in order to enhance the dissipation and self-cleaning of the yarn finish accummulated therebetween.

Abstract: A direct current electromagnetic disc type tension control which has alternating current superimposed on the direct current circuit to allow the electromagnet to vibrate the tension discs in order to break the contact between the tension discs to lower the resistance to rotation of the discs by the yarn passing therethrough. The direct current circuit includes a source of high voltage and a source of low voltage and the current from the low direct current voltage source is cut off periodically and momentarily.

Abstract: The invention described herein concerns a forging process for the manufacture of track chain links, especially for worksite machines and vehicles; this process produces links that conform to the tolerances required by the dimensions and the surface quality of opposed attachment mounting and link contact surfaces and nut seats of finished links without it being necessary to machine these surfaces or nut seats. This process includes heating a metal billet in an electric furnace, the billet having a mass that is approximately equal to that of a finished link, preforming the billet, then flat stamping the heated billet. A combined shaping and levelling step carried out on the stamped piece forms parallel opposed sides and nut seats in predetermined spaced relationship to each other. The resulting link is controllably sized and then subjected to a heat treatment.

Abstract: A surge condition in a stalled gas turbine engine is promoted by modulating a time-varying component of an operating parameter of the gas turbine engine, such as the fuel flow to the combustor plenum of the engine, substantially in phase with a time-varying component of the pressure in the combustor plenum, thereby allowing normal operation of the engine to resume during the surge condition by eliminating the stall-inducing agent.

Abstract: This invention relates to the fuel system of a gas turbine power plant and modifies a conventional fuel control to automatically vent trapped air contained in the fuel control and fuel distribution system into the engine's burners by bypassing the conventional minimum pressure and shut off valve. This serves to prime the main fuel pumps when running dry during the switching of one fuel tank to another.

Abstract: A proportional fuel fuel control (11) regulates the fuel flow (Wf) from a hydromechanical unit (36) based upon an error signal (E) representing the difference between a demanded speed signal (Nd) and an actual speed signal (Nh). The demanded speed signal (Nd) is generated by an integrator (32) as the time integral of the least of a plurality of acceleration terms (Aa, Ab, Ac, Ad) selected by a select low gate (38). The demanded acceleration term (Aa) is generated by junction (26) as the difference between the demanded signal (Nd) and a scheduled speed signal (Ngs). Stress acceleration terms (Ac, Ad) are generated by junctions (48, 50) and scheduling means (42, 44) which form stress limiter circuits. A stall acceleration term (Ab) is generated by a junction (46) and a scheduling means (40) which forms a stall prevention feature.

Abstract: A ram jet engine comprises a wall structure defining a precombustion chamber having a solid fuel which when ignited can raise fuel rich gases which flow through a valve housing passage and into a main combustion chamber where final combustion takes place. A valve is provided in the valve housing which includes a shaft portion which is driven for example by an electric motor to rotate a valve body between two end positions in which the valve body is shifted from a position substantially blocking off all flow through the valve passage to one in which it permits a maximum preselected flow. The valve body is advantageously journalled on a shaft and is provided with a hub portion which embraces the shaft and protects it from the hot gases. The valve body is shaped as a cylindrical wedge tapering from the widest portion of one end to a narrowest portion at the opposite end.

Abstract: An exhaust system for an internal combustion engine which burns a hydrocarbon fuel mixture and which produces a carbonaceous particle carrying exhaust gas stream that passes through a filter of the system that retains at least part of the particles therein, the system having a burn-off unit for periodically burning the retained particles in the filter to tend to periodically clean the filter of the retained particles thereof. The burn-off unit is adapted to raise the temperature of the exhaust gas stream intermediate the engine and the filter to raise the temperature of the filter to particle burning temperature thereof, the burn-off unit injecting and burning a certain amount of the hydrocarbon fuel mixture in the exhaust gas stream intermediate the engine and the filter to raise the temperature of the exhaust gas stream intermediate the engine and the filter.

Abstract: A magnet attracts succeeding sites distributed about the periphery of a disk causing the disk to rotate. The resulting centrifugal force pulls radially outwards a plurality of piston-like weights mounted on the disk lowering the pressure within a housing for the weights and in a vacuum tank to which the housing is communicated via a check valve. When the weights are all the way out, they operate a trip which renders the magnet temporarily ineffective. Springs return the weights back toward the center of the disk. The vacuum tank is communicated to an opposed piston engine via timed valves which alternately communicate the engine cylinders to the vacuum, for oscillating the opposed pistons. A crank shaft connected to these pistons converts the reciprocating motion to rotary motion.

Abstract: A sluing mechanism driven by one or more electric or hydraulic motors, for excavating or bulk handling machines comprises a pivotable discharger boom mounted on a rotary support or turntable, and a coaxially pivotable superstructure carrying further equipment. The sluing drives of the two coaxially pivotable parts of the machine are connected to each other in such a way that upon pivoting the superstructure, the discharger boom does not follow this pivotal motion. The sluing drive of the discharge boom is designed as a superposed gear and connected to a drive motor for separately sluing the discharger boom. The turntable is provided with a second discharger sluing gear which is driven by a motor having a weaker characteristic than the drive motor or motors for sluing the superstructure. The characteristic of the motor driving the second discharger sluing gear may be adjustable.

Abstract: A lift truck hydraulic control system designed to conserve energy includes a pair of separately controlled pumps (21, 22). One pump (21) supplies pressure fluid to a valve (12) for a steering cylinder (11) by way of a high priority port (34) of a priority valve (32) with the low priority flow passing to parallel connected lift and tilt valves (19, 18) which control operation of the lift cylinder (15) and tilt cylinders (16, 17), respectively. The capacity of pump (21) is sufficient to provide proper, effective operation of the steering and tilt functions but is not adequate to provide hydraulic fluid flow for high speed expansion of the lift cylinder (15). The other pump (22) is operated to supply additional pressure fluid flow for high speed lift only when the lift valve (19) is shifted to a raise position. In one embodiment, a low speed lift is obtained by using the output of the pump (21) and a high speed lift is obtained by selectively adding the output of the second pump 22.

Abstract: A hydraulic excavator is disclosed which includes two sets of manual control valves for selectively placing a pair of variable displacement pumps in and out of communication with hydraulically driven components such as propelling motors, arm cylinders and boom cylinders. In order to minimize the per-cycle displacement of the pumps when same are discommunicated from all the driven components, a sensing valve is provided which is pilot operated from the sets of manual control valves. When all the manual control valves are in neutral, the sensing valve directs pressurized fluid from a charging pump to a pump-displacement adjustment mechanism thereby causing same to reduce the per-cycle displacement of the pumps to a minimum.

Abstract: In a knocking control device comprising an exhaust bypass valve driven by the diaphragm actuator and a knocking control circuit, the amount of bypassed exhaust gas is adjusted in accordance with the knocking, the upper and lower limits regarding the opening degree of the control valve are determined in accordance with the opening degree of the throttle valve and the signal determining the upper limit concerning the opening degree of the control valve is prior to the signal determining the opening degree of the control valve due to the knocking signal when the opening degree of the throttle valve is changed. Thus, an increase in the output of the engine and an improvement in specific fuel consumption is achieved and the durability of the engine is improved due to the elimination of knocking and a decrease in the temperature of the exhaust gas.

Abstract: Apparatus and methods of cooling and condensing exhaust steam from a power plant which rejects heat to air and uses a peak shaving water based cooling system to supplement a primary cooling system. During regeneration of the cooling water, which is heated during peak shaving, the hot water is fed directly to the boiler.

Abstract: The invention provides a power assisted hydraulic control system suitable for actuating clutches and brakes. The system incorporates a master cylinder having a master piston therein defining a control chamber, a hydraulic power assistance unit, and a distributor adapted to connect, by means of a slide valve, the power assistance unit with the hydraulic receiver controlling the brake or clutch unit. The distributor comprises a slide-valve having a plunger one end of which is subjected to the pressure in the control chamber and the other end of which is subjected to the pressure in the receiver.A bypass channel links the control chamber of the master cylinder to the pipeline connecting the operating port of the distributor to the receiver. The bypass channel has a bypass valve controlled by a spring which opens in the event of failure of the power assistance to permit manual operation by the master piston.

Abstract: The object of the invention is to provide a low compression turbocharged diesel engine in which the turbocharger can be operated independently of the engine to power auxiliary equipment. As shown in FIG. 1, fuel and air are burned in a catalytic combustor 17 to drive the turbine wheel of turbine section 11a which is initially caused to rotate by starter motor 9. By opening flapper valve 26, compressed air from blower section 11b is directed to catalytic combustor 17 when it is heated and expanded, serving to drive the turbine wheel and also to heat the catalytic element 32 shown in FIG. 2. To start engine 10, valve 26 is closed, combustion is terminated in catalytic combustor 17, and valve 20 is then opened to utilize air from blower 11b for air driven motor 21. When engine 10 starts, the constituents in its exhaust gas react in the catalytic element 32 and the heat generated provides additional energy for the turbine section 11a.

Abstract: An air by-pass system in an internal combustion engine with a turbocharger which comprises a compressor driven by an exhaust gas turbine for supercharging suction air fed to the engine through a throttle valve, wherein an air by-pass passage is provided for connecting an area upstream from the compressor and an area downstream from the throttle valve, and an air valve is provided in the by-pass passage for controlling the amount of the by-pass air.

Abstract: The gas powered vehicle has a reservoir for holding liquified gas, means to evaporate the liquified gas and a delivery conduit to deliver gas from the evaporating means to a motor to power the motor. A heat exchanger is provided for thermal communication between a condensing buffer substance and the expanded gas flowing into the receiving means. A refrigeration means pumps heat from and cools the condensing substance to a temperature low enough to condense the expanded gas received from the motor.

Abstract: A cryopump 20 for differentially pumping water vapor and inert gases from a work space comprising a two stage refrigerator 45 in which a radiation shield 32 substantially encloses a second stage cryopanel 40. The radiation shield 32 incorporates a baffle plate 34 which condenses higher condensing temperature gases and restricts passage of low condensing temperature gases through orifices 36 to the second stage cryopanel 40. Backside pumping ports 38 provide a flow path to the second stage refrigerator for residual gases within the cryopump 20. This creates a high vacuum within the cryopump and allows it to operate at maximum efficiency.

Abstract: A refrigerated display case having a defrost means which combines the supply of hot refrigerant gas to the refrigeration coils with the supply of ambient air in order to provide defrost action during a defrost cycle. The ambient air band is taken into and propelled out of the air conduit in a manner to prevent ambient air from being forced into the product display space in order to avoid thawing of the stored refrigerated products. The defrost air is ejected away from the access opening in order to allow a cold air layer to remain on top of stored products in an open top case. In front cases, a defrost air band is established across the access opening to form a protective air curtain in order to exclude the contacting of the stored products with high temperature and moist ambient air. The ambient air band is unidirectional during the entire defrost cycle.

Abstract: A method of operating an air conditioning system including a refrigeration circuit having a compressor and a thermostat for sensing heating and cooling needs together with an indoor fan is disclosed. The indoor fan operation is controlled based upon a microprocessor control remembering whether or not the unit was in continuous fan operation prior to the compressor operating to satisfy a heating or cooling need. Through the setting of a flag the microprocessor remembers the previous inputs such that operation of the fan may be controlled regardless of the condition of the compressor especially as concerns operation of the fan when the compressor is prevented from operating due to a safety, overload or timed off condition.

Abstract: An indoor unit for an electric heat pump is provided in modular form including a refrigeration module 10, an air mover module 12, and a resistance heat package module 14, the refrigeration module including all of the indoor refrigerant circuit components including the compressor 36 in a space adjacent the heat exchanger 28, the modules being adapted to be connected to air flow communication in several different ways as shown in FIGS. 4-7 to accommodate placement of the unit in various orientations.

Abstract: For a heat pump, the outdoor unit is provided with a coil and a refrigerant flow arrangement therefor which is such that in the heating mode of operation of the heat pump they operate in a thermosyphon fashion. The coil 32 has a feed portion 30 and an exit portion 34 leading to a separator drum 36 from which liquid refrigerant is returned through downcomer line 42 for recirculation to the feed portion. The coil is tilted upwardly from entry to exit by the angle alpha to enhance the clearance of the two phases of refrigerant from each other in the heating mode of operation. There is no thermosyphon function in the cooling mode of operation.

Abstract: An insulated chest for the storage and transportation of hot and cold foods to be carried as a backpack is disclosed. The chest has a hollow box-like body having four side walls, a bottom wall and top wall. There is a first opening in one of the side walls and a door adapted to be opened and closed is attached to the body so that it seals the opening when in a closed position. In the interior of the chest a removable divider is detachably connected to the side walls below the first opening. The chest can also have a second divider sealingly connected to the side walls in the interior of the chest, defining a liquid-holding chamber. A spigot mounted on a side wall extends through the side wall into the liquid-holding chamber. One of the walls has a second opening to the liquid-holding chamber, through which the chamber can be filled with liquid, and there are means for sealing the second opening.

Abstract: The disclosure provides an apparatus for extracting heat and/or mechanical energy from a pressured gas wherein the pressured gas is applied to the radially outer ends of rotating cylinder elements defining logitudinally extending fluid pressure chambers having one end thereof remote from the axis of rotation and the other end proximate to the axis of rotation. A free piston is mounted in each of the fluid pressure chambers and is reciprocable therein solely under the influence of the gas pressure and centrifugal force. Valving elements are provided at the outer end of the cylinder elements which are operable by the movement of the free piston toward such outer end to open the pressured gas inlet valve. A second valving element is provided near the inner end of each fluid pressure chamber to open ports causing the exhaust of the expanded, cooled gas from the chamber.

Abstract: A warp knitting machine using warp and weft threads produces a fabric with a woven appearance on one side. The machine has at least one forward thread system for forming stitches and at least one rearward thread system for forming stitches. This rearward thread system is successively operable to reciprocally form a common stitch with a corresponding pair of the warp threads of the forward thread system. A weft thread magazine can repetitively place weft threads between the forward and rearward thread system. The forward thread system is successively operable to reciprocally lay a portion of each of its warp threads at one of two corresponding, alternate wales over at least one of the weft threads. The rearward thread system is operable to lay its warp threads behind the weft threads.

Abstract: A warp knitting machine with Jacquard attachment including two knitting needles situated side-by-side, to which there are allocated two eye-pointed needles and only one urging feeder pin. Typically, the eye-pointed needles allocated to, respectively, two knitting needles can be displaced jointly by the urging feeder pin allocated to the two eye-pointed needles.

Abstract: A warp knitting machine typically equipped with latch-type needles, trace comb, and numerous guide bars for underlapping purposes. The keep-off rails for the pattern threads, running from the hook needles or guides to the latch-type needles, are mounted behind several or all latch-type needles, outside the operating range of the needle latch, their motion being synchronized with the motion of the needles. Typically, the lamellar keep-off rails, placed behind the latch-type needles in the direction of the oscillating movement, have an opening which is directed towards the needles. The opening in the rails has the shape of an orbit section which is slightly greater than the orbit section described by the latch of the needle. In a preferred embodiment, the lamellar keep-off rails are crimped in the direction of the shifting or shogging motion in the operating range of the needle latch.

Abstract: A combination lid and excursion switch and alarm for automatic washers is provided in which the opening of the lid or excursion of the tub due to an imbalance in the load during the spin cycle causes an interruption of power to the washer motor. An imbalance in the load would also sound an audible signal. The switching mechanism is automatically reset by the opening and reclosing of the lid.

Abstract: An appliance control circuit particularly adapted for controlling a washing appliance such as a washing machine or a dishwasher is provided. The invention is comprised of a timer interval selector switch including a program cam defining an operational cycle for operation of the washing appliance. A hybrid timer control circuit including an escapement device and a memory and logic circuit is provided for amending advancement of the program cam during operation of the appliance. The escapement device includes a timer interval selector switch in association with the program cam for generating selective binary coded control signals. A binary-coded-decimal to decimal decoder/driver decodes the binary signals into decimal signals which are operatively connected to a plurality of selected capacitance means and an interval timer. The interval time base interval between advancement steps of the program cam is determined by selection of particular capacitance means.

Abstract: An anti-theft device for an automotive vehicle includes a lock and key housed separately and remote from a bolt and its actuating mechanism. The bolt portion is located in an inaccessible housing and connected to the lock by means of a burglar-proof connection. The electronic lock arrangement employed permits of a large number of combinations and thereby increases the security of the anti-theft device. By placing the bolt in an inaccessible housing, direct tampering with the locking bolt is precluded.

Abstract: In an apparatus for changing the rolling mill rolls and/or disk shoes of a steel pipe rolling mill, the top and bottom rolls vertically movably mounted in the housing are individually placed on a supporting bed positioned below the bottom rolling roll and moved in and out of the mill by way of rails laid in the lower part of the housing, and each of the disk shoes is mounted on a supporting arm which is movable vertically and rotatable thereby making it possible to change the disk shoes even during the operation.

Abstract: A tube bending machine with rotary arms carrying a bending moment roller and a bending fulcrum roller has arm shafts mounted for axial movement. The arms are rotated for the tube bending action, whereby the bend so made in the tube lies in a predetermined non-planar arc. The arm shafts are turned by a pinion engaged by a rack and are moved axially by suitable pins engaged in cam slots with the rack and the cam slots all being moved simultaneously. In order to retain the tube in proper location or position during the trusts of non-planar arc bending there may be included more than one roller.

Abstract: This invention relates to the bending of shaped sheet metal, which shows alternatingly occurring longitudinal ridges and valleys, the lateral portions of which constitute lateral portions of the ridges, about an axis, which extends perpendicularly to the longitudinal direction of the ridges and valleys and is in parallel with the plane of the sheet. Known methods of bending such shaped sheet metal have proved to have certain limitations with respect to applicability and smallest bending radius to be obtained in one or more coherent bending moments or steps. For eliminating these shortcomings a method of bending shaped sheet metal is proposed, at which the bending takes place in at least two subsequent moments or steps.

Abstract: This device for bending the tool holder of a folding press comprises structure for controlling the deformation of the wedge secured at either end, in the form of a hollow screw engaged in a socket rigid with the tool holder so that it can accomplish movements of translation within this socket, a member for fastening the screw to the wedge, a sprocket mounted coaxially to the screw on the screw-threaded shank thereof for causing the translation of the screw in the socket, and a single driving system for controlling the rotation of the set of sprockets acting at different thrust points disposed at spaced intervals along the wedge, this single wedge having a relatively great length and being therefore easily deformable under the control of the single control system.

Abstract: An automatic unit for hot molding, e.g., forging or stamping, and subsequent trimming of metal parts. A molding press and a trimming press are served by two robot pairs. One robot of one pair delivers hot ingots to the molding press, the other pair of robots moves the part being molded step-by-step through successive stampings, and the other robot of the first pair delivers the fully molded part to the trimming press. The robots of the second pair move in mirror-image relation. The ends of the robot arms of the second pair are accommodated by depressions in the molds during the various stamping operations.

Abstract: A method for separating/classifying closed bolls of a given variety of cotton by maturity is disclosed. Harvested, unopened cotton bolls are immersed in a series of solutions having a specific gravity of less than one. The bolls of cotton are thus identified and separated by means of the different specific gravity readings. The specific gravity readings are correlated with the moisture content of the bolls and subsequently the maturity dates of the cotton. Additional steps for cleaning, washing and drying are provided as needed. Alcohol/water solutions are utilized to prepare solutions with specific gravities of 0.8379 to 0.9455.

Abstract: A filter testing device has a filter housing which has an air inlet and outlet and receives the filter. An inlet line is connected to the air inlet. An inlet valve for the inlet line is controlled to produce a continuous and evenly increasing air pressure therein and an electronic pressure sensor monitors the air pressure therein. An electronic evaluating and control circuit has a time switch, an adjustable threshold device and a peak pressure detector, and controls the inlet valve, a vent valve connected to the inlet line, and a recording mechanism. The air pressure in the inlet line is increased until it reaches a preset pressure. The inlet valve is then closed for the time period set on the time switch. Thereafter, air is again supplied to the inlet line until no further pressure increases are detected by the peak pressure sensor.

Abstract: A test door has wheels mounted thereon so that one person can easily roll the door to a doorway of a house to be installed. The test door has a fan permanently mounted thereon. The test door has panels or flaps, which slide against the doorway to seal the doorway against leaks. The door has mounted thereon a speed control device, and a tachometer to determine the speed of the fan. The door also has mounted thereon a differential pressure gauge so that the pressure difference from the inside to outside of the door can be measured. Therefore, to determine the amount of leakage of air from a house, the door is rolled to the doorway and quickly placed in the doorway by sliding the flaps out until they seal the doorway. Then by starting the fan, a determination is made as to the amount of air loss for different fan speeds and differential pressures.

Abstract: This invention provides a rugged dip-type viscometer suitable for use in a rotogravure printing plant, for example. The capillary of the viscometer is joined to a protective collar and gives high precision measurements with inks that contain air. The protective collar is provided with one or more apertures to provide increased precision.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for testing thermoplastic material comprising: passing as a stream a fractional, continuous, molten and flowable sample of the material to and successively through each of either a controllable pumping zone maintained at constant temperature and pressure or controllable pressure zone maintained at constant flow rate and temperature, and a die zone to form a continuous strand of the material; measuring the viscosity of the material in the pumping and die zones; providing a measurement of elasticity by obtaining a measurement of percentage of cross-section area swell in the strand in passage from the die zone over a constant length distance downstream of a point of strand marking to a point of strand marking to a point of mark sensing; and combining the viscosity measurement with the elasticity measurement to provide fuller rheological characterization data for the material.

Abstract: A probe for measuring electrical conductance to determine water concentration in a fluid is disclosed. The probe comprises a pair of spaced apart electrodes and a bridge of protein gel between the electrodes. The probe is especially useful for monitoring water concentration in the lubrication oil for a compressor drive train of a hermetic vapor compression refrigeration system. In such a refrigeration system the water concentration in the lubrication oil corresponds to water concentration in the refrigerant of the refrigeration system.

Abstract: An apparatus for measuring the mass of a pulsating medium flowing in a flow cross-section, in particular for measuring the aspirated air mass of internal combustion engines. The apparatus includes a temperature-dependent measuring resistor, whose temperature and/or resistance is regulated in accordance with the mass of a flowing medium. The measurement signal (U.sub.S) representing the mass of the medium can be influenced in accordance with the flow direction by use of a pressure-sensing element which has corresponding electrical contacts and when there is a flow reversal the pressure-sensing element, via a correction circuit, suppresses the delivery of the measurement signal (U.sub.S) to an electronic control unit. By use of the correction circuit it is also possible to subtract the amount measured during a reverse flow from the measurement signal made during flow in the desired flow direction. As a result, an error in the measurement signal (U.sub.S) during pulsating flow is prevented.

Abstract: Apparatus is provided for sensing a property of a sheet (18). A sensor element (32) is adapted to be placed alongside the sheet path, and a base member (34) is adapted to be positioned on one side of the sheet and in sliding contact with one surface thereof. The sensor element is enabled to produce a sheet property sensing interaction with the sheet in a limited region of the sheet path, the interaction region being movable to any one of a plurality of sensing locations spaced across the width of the sheet. The base member has a pair of groove portions (44, 46) forming gas conducting channels with open sides exposed to the sheet surface in contact with the base member. Each of the groove portions has a part (40, 40A) extending upstream of the interaction region. The groove portions diverge from each other as they extend in a downstream (20) direction.

Abstract: A double detect device includes first and second parallel and superposed rows of steel balls retained in a block, the first row being in contact with a steel roller whose axis is parallel to the rows of balls. An actuating rod is urged resiliently against an end ball of the second row. In operation, currency notes are fed between the roller and the first row of balls. The passage of a note through the device depresses the balls of the first row thereby urging apart the balls of the second row so as to move the rod. If two superposed notes pass through the device movement of the rod is sufficient to actuate a switch. The device can distinguish between multiple notes and a single note having a localized increase in thickness, since such single note does not move the rod sufficiently to actuate the switch.

Abstract: An anemometer utilizing a radionuclide counting technique for measuring both the velocity and the direction of wind. A pendulum 12 consisting of a wire 13 and a ball 14 with a source of radiation 15 on the lower surface of the ball is positioned by the wind. Detectors 16, 17 and 18 are located in a plane perpendicular to pendulum 13 (no wind). The detectors are located on the circumference of a circle and are equidistant from each other as well as the undisturbed (no wind) source ball position. The ratio of the outputs of detectors 16 and 17, and the ratio of the outputs of detectors 17 and 18 are applied to a processor 23 to select from the data stored in the processor the wind velocity V and the wind direction .phi..In a second embodiment of the invention (FIG. 10) the pendulum consists of a wire 27, a heavy ball 24, a string 28 and a lighter ball 25 with radiation sources on the lower surfaces of both balls.