Abstract: A flexible tube connected to a drop chamber is closed off by a clamping force applied by a pinch clamp. A cam which presses against the pinch clamp to initiate the drop-wise flow of a fluid forms an electrical contact with an extension of the clamp. Prior to the start of drop-wise feed when the cam and clamp are not in contact, the cam is driven toward the clamp at high speed until contact is made, at which point the drop-wise feed begins. At the instant of contact, a control signal is produced in response to which a speed changeover circuit is actuated to drive the cam at low speed, whereby control is executed in such a manner that the fluid drop rate gradually approaches a set drop rate at the low speed.

Abstract: A rotary valve for a power steering system includes a valve sleeve in which a rotor is rotatably carried for controlling fluid flow from a supply pump to a cylinder of the power steering system. A plurality of lands are formed on the outer periphery of the rotor, at least three of which have the same configuration. A plurality of lands are formed on the inner periphery of the valve sleeve, at least two of which have the same configuration to thereby vary the areas of two orifices formed between the three lands of the rotor and the two lands of the valve sleeve at the same rate during relative rotation therebetween. Further, the edge portions of the three lands of the rotor are formed with two longitudinally curved slopes so as to provide an optimum two-step valving characteristic.

Abstract: A flanged cylindrical valve casing is loosely inserted into a bore of a pressure container from its inside towards its outside. A fuse packing is interposed between the flange and the inside surface of the pressure container so that when this fuse packing has molten the flange may make direct contact with the pressure container, to form a passageway between the flange and the pressure container communicating with the inside of the pressure container, and this passageway communicates with a gap clearance around the cylindrical valve casing as well as the outside of the pressure container.

Abstract: An accumulator for pneumatic or hydraulic devices which comprises a first casing, a second casing welded thereto, and a diaphragm received and supported in the two casings. The first casing is cylindrical and includes an inwardly stepped portion and an inwardly directed projection, whereas the second casing is of bowl shape. The diaphragm is flexible and cylindrical and has an open end having a connector gripped between the stepped portion and the projection of the first casing, the connector being positioned remotely from the integral joint where the first and second casings are welded together.

Abstract: A fluid coupling includes inlet and outlet segments, each having a fluid carrying aperture with a major diameter fluid port at one end and a minor diameter coupling port at the other end of the segment longitudinal axis, the fluid ports being adapted for fluid communication with an associated fluid source and the coupling ports being adapted to receive each other in registration with engagement of the coupling ports by end to end abutment of the segments, the fluid apertures of the abutting segments, in tandem, forming a Venturi with the throat defined by the abutting coupling ports at the coupling interface, the coupling port minor diameter value being selected relative to the fluid port major diameter to provide a fluid pressure value at the coupling interface which is not greater than the outside ambient pressure, thereby preventing fluid escape to the ambient environment across the coupling interface.

Abstract: A spectacle line blind includes a pivotable or rotatable spectacle plate having at one end a conventional full opening providing little obstruction to flow of liquid or gas. On the other end of the spectacle valve plate a blank disc seals one of said inlet and outlet ducts. The opposite side of this blank disc includes spacers having axial and radial openings therebetween which permit gases to vent to the atmosphere from the other duct.

Abstract: A fire sleeve is made in the form of an elongated, flexible tube which may serve as a conduit for anything, such as wires, hydraulic lines, fuel hoses, air ducts, or the like. The fire sleeve has an elastomer jacket molded over an inner layer of braided yarn. Various molding techniques are used to improve the jacket-to-braid bonding. The fire sleeve will meet FAA tests wherein it must withstand the temperature of a burning aircraft for a fifteen-minute period before exposing the contents of the sleeve to the fire.

Abstract: The invention relates to a flexible hose formed of a wound web material and having its walls reinforced by wire windings, with the edges of successive web windings overlapping one another. In accordance with the invention, the longitudinal axes (Da) of the wires (13, 13', 13") and the longitudinal axis (ba) of the web material (3) extend at equal inclination with respect to the hose axis (A), and the reinforcement consists of at least two wire windings.

Abstract: In a coupling arrangement for use in a textile machine, a drive shaft can be intermittently rotated and a connecting member encircles and is connected to the drive shaft by an eccentric hoop located between them. A coupling key is displaceable between a coupling recess associated with the drive shaft and a coupling recess associated with the connecting member. The coupling key is retained in the recesses by lead cams. A shifting ring displaces the coupling ring alternately between the coupling recesses. The shifting member can be pivoted between two positions and a spring biases it into one of the positions. A control device moves the shifting member between its two positions. The control device includes a rotatable shaft with a rocking lever fixed to it. The rocking lever engages the shifting member for moving it from one position to the other against the biasing action of the spring.

Abstract: In a weaving loom, the harness frames are coupled by means of two link-arms to rockers which are actuated by the shedding mechanism. The head of each link-arm is provided with a recess in which is inserted a stub-shaft carried by each harness frame, the stub-shaft shaft being held in position by means of a spring carried by the link-arm head. High-speed looms can thus be equipped with lightweight frames of smaller thickness which can be mounted with greater ease.

Abstract: A weaving reed comprises a plurality of flat reed dents stacked side-by-side in a reed channel or container, each reed dent having opposed end sections terminating in side edges, one of such end sections of each reed dent having an outer edge thereof provided with an identification notch spaced from the side edge at that end section a distance corresponding to the thickness of a given reed dent, such that stacked reed dents of like thickness will have aligned identification notches, and stacked reed dents of unlike thickness will have staggered identification notches relative to the aligned notches. Reed dents of different thicknesses are therefore immediately distinguished and can be easily sorted out.

Abstract: The longitudinal marginal regions of a synthetic fabric endless belt-type screen for a paper making machine are formed to permit less wear of the marginal regions due to greater elongation as compared to the central region.

Abstract: In a dispensing device for filling boreholes with a single or multi-component adhesive, filler, sealer or primer, the material is conveyed from storage containers holding the individual components through a supply pipe and an outlet nozzle which dispenses the material directly into the borehole. By manually operating a handle lever, material is displaced out of the storage container into the supply pipe. Further, an actuating unit operated by the handle lever is connected to the outlet nozzle for telescoping it relative to the supply pipe whereby material is displaced out of the supply pipe through the outlet nozzle into the borehole.

Abstract: Apparatus for cutting tree parts adapted to be operatively mounted on vehicles including a base structure configured to define a concave cutting recess for receiving therein the tree part to be cut with at least one pivotable holding arm adapted to grip a tree part engaged within the cutting recess and with a cutter plate having a generally planar configuration and defining a cutting edge adapted to be moved through the cutting recess to cut the tree part held therein. The cutter plate is pivotally mounted on the base structure for movement through a cutting operation by pivotal motion thereof and a slotted guide opening is defined in the base structure between the cutter plate pivot and the cutting recess through which the cutter plate moves during a cutting operation. The cutter plate thereby is capable of projecting freely through the slotted guide opening into the cutting recess over the sector of the cutter plate adjacent the cutting edge thereof by passage of the cutting edge through the cutting recess.

Abstract: A tree feller assembly for use with a tree harvesting apparatus including a support structure defining a common pivot axis with a pair of shear arm means carrying cutter blade means disposed for pivotal movement about the common pivot axis. First power actuator means connects the shear arm means together and is disposed below and forwardly of the common pivot axis for moving the cutter blade means toward and away from one another upon actuation thereof. A pair of clamp members is pivotally mounted on the support structure above the shear arm means with a second power actuator means connecting the clamp members together. The clamp members are disposed forwardly of and generally parallel to the first power actuator means for moving the clamp members toward and away from one another. A wear plate means is mounted on the support structure and is disposed between the shear arm means to provide a guide for and self-aligning action on the cutter blade means upon actuation of the first power actuator means.

Abstract: An improved power bark hack including a motor of any suitable type which drives one end of an elongated connecting rod mounted in a co-extensive housing which also serves as the tool handle. The cutter is mounted at the free end of the connecting rod which extends out from the handle or housing. Bearing means, such as buttons made of Teflon which are easily replaced in use, are mounted in the end of the housing closely adjacent the end of the connecting rod carrying the cutting tool, whereby the rotary motion imparted by the motor to the drive end of the connecting rod is changed to substantially pure reciprocatory motion at the cutter blade end.

Abstract: A handle to be gripped when applying torque to hand tools employed in connection with fasteners such as screws, nuts and bolts, or for other uses, has a good, advantageous hand "feel" through the provision of a hollow body rigidified by an internal core, with the outer body having sufficient pliability to conform to the shape and size of the palm during each application of squeezing pressure. Special tread means on the tubular body augments its anti-slip characteristics, and the material forming the body well adapts it for the inclusion of an improved and convenient storage for bits.

Abstract: The endless band-like portion of a chain for the tires of heavy duty automotive vehicles is assembled of substantially square main links and U-shaped shackles. Each link has a base plate which engages the tread of the tire and an outer plate which engages the ground and is spaced apart from and defines with the base plate a compartment containing projections which extend from the base plate and/or outer plate and serve to engage and retain detent members on the legs of the shackles. Each link has at least one yoke disposed in a plane extending at right angles to the respective plates and engaging the web of a shackle whose legs are anchored in the compartment of a neighboring link. At least one leg of each shackle has a spur which cooperates with the web of an adjacent shackle to prevent the extraction of legs from the compartment wherein the legs are anchored as a result of engagement of their detent members with the projections of the respective link.

Abstract: A filament, and optionally a cord of cabled filaments, as a composite of (A) a filament and/or cord of steel, (B) a brass and/or zinc coating thereon and (C) a undercoat comprised of selected compounds. The invention further relates to a composite of such filament and/or cord as a reinforcement with rubber.

Abstract: A door is provided having an automatic opening means for the door and a key locking facility for mechanically locking the door in a door closed position and electric circuit means connected with the motor means to sense a change in the electrical operating conditions of the motor above that which is normal for operation of the motor and to remove the above normal power thereby supplied to the motor in such circumstances.The sensing means preferably comprises a means which switches off the power once the electrical operating conditions are sensed above that which is normal and whereby it returns the power some time later and should the motor then reexperience electrical operating conditions above that which is normal the sensing means will again switch off the power to the motor.The sensing means desirably comprise a bimetallic cut out switch means.

Abstract: Folding doors of the type commonly used as garage doors have to date had very unsatisfactory thermal insulation characteristics. The folding door of the present invention has improved thermal insulation characteristics derived from the use of a thermal insulating panel which comprises a body of plastics material having a series of closely adjacent passages extending transversely between opposite edges thereof. The passages are air filled and are isolated from one another over the full width of the insulating panel. Opposite ends of the passages are closed by closure means at opposite side edges of the panels so as to form a plurality of totally enclosed pockets extending horizontally of the door and thereby provide panels having high thermal insulation ratings.

Abstract: A coupling structure for a screen with a fixing rod comprises the screen having at its end a predetermined length of an accessory section provided with a pair of rigid engaging plates, and the fixing rod having a pair of curved side walls separated by an intermediate partition for forming a pair of coupling chambers. The pair of rigid engaging plates holding the accessory section therebetween are inserted and propped within the coupling chamber. The accessory section has a length enough to cover an outer face of the side wall for obtaining a good appearance.

Abstract: An apparatus for the production of cores from fluidized sands in hot boxes comprises individual mechanisms for joining and disjoining top and bottom sections of core boxes, which are placed beyond the confines of the latter. The joining mechanism incorporates at least two spring-loaded grapples mounted on individual shafts, fitted in satellites and positioned on a transport device, so as to carry core boxes. Located at one end of each grapple is a wedging member which co-operates with a wedging member provided on the top section of each core box. The disjoining mechanism includes stops, positioned on a support frame, and rollers mounted on the other end of each grapple for interaction with the stops.

Abstract: An aluminum-diffusion coated steel pipe having an aluminum-coated layer on at least the inner surface of the steel pipe to be in contact with molten metal is used as a gating pipe system in a casting mold comprising a mold body and a gating system for pouring molten metal into the mold body. This aluminum-diffusion coated steel pipe can be further subjected to a secondary heat treatment in a high-temperature oxidizing atmosphere.

Abstract: A multi-strand process is provided for casting molten materials into ingots of desired shape. The process uses two inductors for receiving the molten material and applying the first and second electromagnetic force fields to form the molten material into the ingots. The inductors are located adjacent each other so that the first and second force fields interact with each other. A first device is associated with one of the inductors for applying a first alternating current at a first desired frequency to an associated inductor to generate the first magnetic force field. A second device is associated with the other of the inductors for applying a second alternating current at a second desired frequency to generate the second magnetic force field. The second frequency is set to a desired value in relation to the first frequency in order to control the first and second resulting containment currents circulating in the molten material.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for the cooling of a continuously cast metal strand, comprising a plurality of support rollers, located in the second zone of cooling. The support rollers are cooled from their interior by the passage therethrough of cooling fluid. The rollers have interior walls which display a wave-like shape to present a great surface area for superior cooling while still supporting the loading stress due to the weight of the metallic strand.

Abstract: A process for casting metal which includes pouring the metal into or around a molded article obtained from a molding composition wherein the binder includes certain fulvenes and/or prepolymers thereof, and a metal salt catalyst. The metal is cooled, solidified, and separated from the molded article.

Abstract: Heat exchange between liquid (1) and air (2) is effected by causing the liquid (1) to flow, in the form of a liquid film (5) spreading under capillary action, between pairs (3) of vertically oriented band-shaped thin membranes (4a and 4b) held together by adhesive forces in the liquid film (5). The air flow (2) preferably is conducted in counterflow with the liquid flow (1) in gaps (6) surrounding the pairs of membranes (3). Exchange of heat between liquid and air occurs through the membrane walls (4a, 4b). The membranes (4a and 4b) preferably consist of a thin plastic film, for example matted polyester film.

Abstract: An air conditioning and heating system is disclosed having a manually operated air temperature door that is movable in both an air conditioning mode and a heating mode to regulate the amount of air passing through a heat exchanger to thereby control the temperature of the air delivered by the system. Adapted thereto is an air temperature control arrangement comprising an air baffle that is movable with and adjustable relative to the air temperature control door so as to adjust the amount of air passing through the heat exchanger in the various regulating air temperature door positions.

Abstract: An improved heat exchanger in which a liquid is cooled by contacting a surface to crystallize a component therefrom by indirect heat exchange with a fluid on the otherside of the surface, having a layer of a polymeric material, to which the crystallized component does not significantly adhere, on the surface which contacts the liquid, and with said layer being sufficiently thin for efficient heat transfer through the surface.An improved method of crystallizing a component from a liquid by indirect heat exchange by passing the liquid into contact with a surface covered with a thin layer of a polymeric material to which the crystals do not substantially adhere, and cooled by a cooling fluid which is sufficiently cold to cool the liquid to a temperature low enough to form crystals as the liquid contacts the surface.

Abstract: A device and method for recovering heat from the soil and groundwater, comprise heat-exchanging means consisting of an inner tube, an outer tube and partitions forming longitudinal channels between said inner and outer tube.An inlet for heat-exchanging fluid and an outlet for heat-exchanging fluid are present for conveying a heat-exchanging fluid through said longitudinal channels.The heat-exchanging means are preferably placed in a perforated casing allowing passage of liquid but not of soil particles. The casing consists preferably of an outer casing tube and an inner casing tube, casing partitions providing longitudinal casing channels. For allowing passage of groundwater the outer casing tube and the inner casing tube are provided with perforations.Heat is recovered by passing a heat-exchanging fluid through the casing channels.

Abstract: An improved method of setting a packer in a geothermal well bore under pressure to allow isolation of the wellhead valve including the steps of connecting a lubricator to the wellhead above the valve with the improved packer of the present invention in the lubricator and with a string extending into the lubricator to connect to the packer, running the packer into the well bore below the valve, releasing the packer to allow well pressure to move the packer to set position, disconnecting and recovering the running string, removing the lubricator, repairing or replacing the valve attaching the lubricator, running and connecting the string to the set packer, equalizing pressure across the packer, unsetting the slips and recovering the packer from the well bore.

Abstract: A kickover tool of the 90-degree type for installing well flow control devices in and removing such devices from offset receptacles of side pocket mandrels in wells, the kickover tool having a body, and a pivot arm, with tool carrier means attached thereto, pivotally mounted on the body for relative movement between aligned, kickover, and retracted positions, the kickover tool additionally including means not only for releasably retaining the pivot arm in aligned and kickover positions but also in retracted position.

Abstract: An apparatus for detecting ruptures in a drill pipe above and below the drill collar comprising a nose cone, a lower body threadably engaged to the nose cone. The lower body has a structure defined by a plurality of circulation by-pass apertures and shear pin apertures. A cylinder actuator having actuator apertures is installed within the lower body juxtaposed to the shear pin apertures. Shear pins slideably lodge through the shear pin apertures of the lower body into the actuator apertures of the cylinder actuator. A steel ball seats on top of the cylinder actuator. An upper body threadably engages the lower body and a retrieval cap threadably engages the upper body. The apparatus seats into a seating sub in operation of the invention.

Abstract: A reamer for removing paraffin, scale, ice and other accumulations from the inside surfaces of oil well pump tubing and casing and loosening tubing in a well, which includes a hollow shell or housing having a tapered base, which in a preferred embodiment is fitted with external blades for cutting, the reamer further provided with an enlarged upper internal bore area to accommodate a threaded lock nut, and a threaded shaft projecting into the housing cavity in threadable cooperation with the lock nut and provided with stops to permit limited rotation of the housing and base on the shaft and to prevent the shaft from exiting the housing when fully extended from the housing on the lock nut. When the reamer is lowered by means of a wire line and swivel joint into a length of tubing or casing to a constricted area and the shaft is extended from the housing, a repetitive impact load on the projecting end of the shaft effects rotation of the housing and base, and the blades cut into and remove the deposits.

Abstract: The disclosed invention is a method of injecting polyalkylene glycols, or copolymers thereof, having a molecular weight between about 100 and 1200 into a hydrocarbon formation in conjunction with a chemical flooding process to reduce the loss of injected chemicals to the formation by adsorption and precipitation.

Abstract: A method comprises (1) piping of exhaust steam flow from a down hole steam generator positioned at the top of a petroliferous reservoir down to the bottom of the reservoir, and (2) reversing the direction of hot exhaust steam flow to saturate the complete petroliferous reservoir wall surface with the steam of uniform quality, the steam having uniformity of distribution of both liquid and vaporous phases for improved enhanced oil recovery. A new steam generator is also disclosed.

Abstract: A dynamic metal-to-metal seal for use in a double acting piston and cylinder for use in high pressures and temperatures. First and second metal cup seals engage the piston and face in opposite directions for sealing against the cylinder wall whereby the higher pressure in the cylinder acting against the first or second seal will move the piston. In order to prevent high differential pressures across the seals when the piston is actuated, means are provided for transmitting fluid pressure from the lower pressure in the cylinder to the cylinder between the cup seal. The piston includes first and second oppositely directed seats with first and second metal seals telescopically movable on the piston adjacent one of the seats and each metal seal includes a sealing surface adapted to mate with one of the seats. Each metal seal also includes an outwardly directed cup seal extending away from their seats and sealingly engaging the cylinder.

Abstract: Pressure equalizing means for well tools having a tubular housing and an operator tube movable longitudinally therewithin, there being provided a valved bypass passage in the housing and a shoulder on the operator tube for engaging and opening the valve of the valved bypass passage upon longitudinal movement of the operator tube in the housing, the equalizing mechanism further including a pair of seal rings sealing between the housing and the operator tube above and below the valved bypass passage in the housing and a lateral passage in the wall of the operator tube normally above the pair of seals but movable under no-flow conditions with the operator tube to a position between the pair of seals prior to the operator tube shoulder contacting the valve of the bypass passage, thus avoiding damage to or flow cutting of the seals which normally form a secondary seal to provide bubble-tight integrity even if the valve in the bypass passage does not seal bubble tight.

Abstract: A modular undersea oil production plant having at least one satellite unit whose product is conveyed by a collector pipe (10) towards a central structure (4) in which operating modules (5,6) are grouped together, said product being removed from said operating modules, wherein said satellite unit has a wellhead (1) linked by a connector (13) to the upper portion of a pipe (44) in a drill hole, an individual auxiliary module (3) which can be raised being associated with said wellhead, said module containing the control and operation components and being connected firstly to said wellhead by a first connector (23) and secondly to one end of said collector pipe (10) by a second connector (24), said wellhead (1) and said auxiliary module (3) being installed on a template (2) in two distinct cavities whose shape is complementary to that of said wellhead and of said auxiliary module which has means for disconnecting it from the collector pipe and from the wellhead and for removing it from the template (2), said disc

Abstract: A recloseable circulation valve includes a cylindrical housing having a central flow passage disposed therethrough and having a power port and a circulation port disposed through a wall thereof. An operating mandrel is telescopingly received in the upper end of the housing. A valve sleeve is slidably received in the housing and movable to open and close the circulation port. A power mandrel is disposed in the housing and is connected to the valve sleeve for moving the valve sleeve from an initial position toward an open position. A mandrel lock is provided for locking the operating mandrel and power mandrel together after the power mandrel moves the valve sleeve from its initial position. The power mandrel and valve sleeve are initially held in their initial positions by a shear pin assembly.

Abstract: Pultruded reinforced thermosetting resin arcuate sections are wound respectively on spools, the spools are transported to a well site, and the arcuate sections are unwound from the spools and assembled into a sucker rod.

Abstract: Disclosed is an apparatus for deflecting straw and other debris from in front of a soil opening implement used in farming. The straw and debris deflector is particularly useful where the soil is generally not tilled. The straw and debris deflector includes an adjustable bracket which extends forward of the soil opening disk of the implement. Extending downwardly from the end of the bracket is a flexible oscillating tine. The tine rubs along the surface of the ground immediately in front of the soil openers to collect and deflect straw and other debris. The flexible tine oscillates forwardly and backwardly and from side to side. Periodic flexing to one or the other side of the disk removes collected debris from in front of the tine.

Abstract: A power hoe includes a power source, two substantially planar hoe blades positioned in apposition to one another and power connecting structure to synchronizingly reciprocate the blades in sliding engagement relative to each other. The sliding engagement causes the blades to be self-cleaning. Orientation of the tapered end of each hoe blade perpendicular to the direction of reciprocation effects a ground penetrating action of the hoe blades.

Abstract: A trip mechanism for a ground working tool connected to a frame. The frame is connected to a carriage using a three point connection. A pivotal member is provided in the frame and a tension member is connected between one arm of the pivotal member and the carriage. Compression springs are provided to act between a second arm and the frame. An obstruction exerting a predetermined amount of force on the ground working tool of the implement will allow the trip mechanism to be activated thus preventing damage to the tool. An adjustable stop is provided on the frame engaging the first arm when the apparatus is in its untripped position to adjust the untripped position of the second arm relative to the frame to vary the initial force required to trip the mechanism.

Abstract: An implement having a tool equipped tool bar with a central horizontal section, a wing pivotally mounted to each end of the central section, a hydraulic cylinder mounted on the central section for each wing and connected with the wing to move the wing from a working position in general alignment with the central section to a folded storage, or transport position on the central section, a pair of spaced front support structures for the central section in the storage position and a support stand mounted on the wing, the support stand in the wing folded storage position extending downwardly and rearwardly of the tools to support the rear of the implement.

Abstract: A disk harrow has a frame adapted to be pulled along the ground in a normal travel direction and having at least one frame member, a mount on this frame adapted to secure same to a three-point tractor hitch, and a plurality of disk assemblies. Each of these disk assemblies in turn includes an inner pivot part fixed on the frame and forming lower, middle, and upper horizontal axes transverse to said direction, an outer pivot part spaced in the normal travel direction from the inner part and having respective lower, middle, and upper horizontal axes transverse to the travel direction. Respective rigid lower and middle links are pivoted on the parts between the respective lower and middle axes with the middle link shorter than the lower link. An upper leaf spring is pivoted on the parts between the upper axes, and a harrow disk is rotatable about a harrow axis transverse to the travel direction on the outer pivot part below the respective axes.

Abstract: An adjustable Danish tine for a farm implement includes a notched vertical run for attachment to a tool bar by a U clamp.

Abstract: A device in core drilling for indicating when a core barrel placed in a rotatable hollow drill rod is no longer capable of receiving a further quantity of reamed-out core material includes a valve which at said condition of the barrel constricts the passage for flushing medium flowing between the core barrel and the bore of the drill rod so that a readable flushing medium pressure increase occurs. The valve closes off said passage incompletely to allow a minor quantity of flushing medium to be taken to the drill bit mounted at the bottom of the drill rod, thereby to prevent said drill bit from being burnt out.

Abstract: In a core drilling apparatus wherein a core bit is driven by a hydraulically actuated Moineau type motor, control valve means are provided whereby drilling fluid can be directed through the core sleeve to remove debris from its interior, and, subsequently diverted outside of the core sleeve when drilling begins. Alternative constructions are shown whereby the flushing of the core sleeve can be accomplished with the motor drive in an inactive mode or in an operating mode.