Abstract: A fuel injection system employing digital logic to generate injection command pulses of a time duration calculated to provide a precise quantity of fuel to meet presently existing, varying engine requirements is disclosed herein. The system employs a first or injector selection circuit operative to select an injector or injector group for injection and a second or adaptive delay circuit to generate an injection command. The circuits are electronically intercoupled to provide for substantially simultaneous application of the selection pulse and injection pulse to the proper injector group and to eliminate the need for a mechanical distributor arrangement to select the proper injector group. The time duration or delay signal is generated by a function generator producing an output as a known function of time with injection occurring during the time it takes for the output to reach a pre-determined, selected, threshold value.

Abstract: A sanitary backwashing system for an automatic milking machine having a milking unit and a source of vacuum, the system including a valve having a first port connected to the milking unit and a pair of second ports alternately connected to the first port, one of the second ports being connected to the source of vacuum; and a source of sanitizing fluid under pressure connected to the other of the second ports and the valve having a first position in which the valve connects the milking unit to the source of vacuum while blocking off the other of the second ports and a second position in which the valve connects the milking unit to the source of sanitizing fluid while blocking off the source of vacuum.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for sorting objects exhibiting identifiable dynamic response to vibrational phenomena, such objects including potatoes, onions, tomatoes and other comestibles. The system utilizes an elongate sorting zone incorporating a surface which oscillates at a predetermined frequency and amplitude which varies from a minimum at the input of the zone to a maximum value at the output thereof. The objects to be sorted move along the zone supported from two positions for a coding interval promoting their dynamic reaction with the oscillatory surface. Objects with higher resilience characteristic are rejected from the zone, while those exhibiting a lesser resilience are transported therethrough. The oscillatory surface is dynamically balanced and readily mounted upon field harvesting devices. .[.By adjustment of frequency of the sorting zone oscillatory surfaces, a multi-stage sorting system is made available..].

Abstract: A storage rack in which a plurality of tubular shrouds are assembled together in a checkerboard arrangement, each shroud having side walls arranged to absorb subatomic particles such as neutrons. With this arrangement, spent atomic fuel rods may be assembled in the shrouds and also in the spaces which are surrounded by shrouds, so that each adjacent grouping of fuel rods has interposed therebetween an emission absorbing wall.

Abstract: There is provided a dynamic output buffer useful for providing output data from a memory. The output buffer includes a cross coupled sense amplifier having inputs and outputs. The outputs of this sense amplifier are coupled by output transistors to the output of the dynamic output buffer. The outputs of the cross coupled sense amplifier are also coupled to dynamic load devices which are used to prevent the outputs from deteriorating when the inputs are shunted or clamped to ground. The inputs are clamped to ground by transistors which are controlled by timing signals and thereby insure that data stored by the cross coupled sense amplifier will not be lost.

Abstract: There is provided a dynamic output buffer useful for providing output data from a memory. The output buffer includes a cross coupled sense amplifier having inputs and outputs. The outputs of this sense amplifier are coupled by output transistors to the output of the dynamic output buffer. The outputs of the cross coupled sense amplifier are also coupled to dynamic load devices which are used to prevent the outputs from deteriorating when the inputs are shunted or clamped to ground. The inputs are clamped to ground by transistors which are controlled by timing signals and thereby insure that data stored by the cross coupled sense amplifier will not be lost.

Abstract: Polysaccharides forming gels are produced by cultivating .[.a.]. microorganism .[.such as Arthrobachter carbazolum.]. .Iadd.strain .Iaddend.FERM 2574 .Iadd.(ATCC-31258) .Iaddend.in a suitable medium.

Abstract: Alkanediyl bridged benzimidazolo monomethine cyanine dyes are disclosed wherein at least one benzimidazolo nucleus is provided with an electron-withdrawing group. A disclosed preparation of the dyes includes producing an electron-withdrawing group substituted bis(2-nitrophenyl)-2-R.sup.1 -propanediamide, where R.sup.1 is hydrogen or alkyl; converting the nitro groups to primary amine substituents; removing the elements of water to effect ring closure; and thereafter providing the --CR.sup.1 -- linked benzimidazole nuclei so formed with an N,N.sup.1 -alkanediyl bridging group and quaternizing substituents. Dye synthesis is completed by reducing the --CR.sup.1 -- linking group to the corresponding methine. The dyes are useful as sensitizers in silver halide emulsions and photographic elements.

Abstract: A bathing cap incorporating a deployment clip in its rim which varies the circumference of the rim of a certain segment is very practical and comfortable to use.The cap may be put on and taken off in an easy and comfortable way while its tightness in use is unimpaired.

Abstract: A reversible nursing mother's garment includes a single shoulder loop attached to and carrying a drape for the wearer's breast nearer the loop. The drape includes front and rear panels. The front panel extends downwardly from the single shoulder loop towards the wearer's waistline and laterally from the wearer's side across the wearer's breast that is near the shoulder loop.

Abstract: This perspiration band provides for more comfortable wearing and non-allergic reaction for its user, when attached to the existing band of a safety hat or other headgear. Primarily, it consists of a washable terrycloth strip, which includes snap fasteners for attachment to the existing hat band.

Abstract: A head scarf construction embodying the cooperation of a ply of fabric in a triangulated shape and a stiffened triangulated component connected in positions to bring the base margins of the triangles into alignment, the addition of surface decorations for the triangulated shapes to develop simulations of birds or animals, and tie elements for securing the scarf to the wearer's head.

Abstract: Two identical eye pieces are interconnected by a flexible nose strap. Each eye piece is formed from a single piece of plastic material for improved strength and includes a frame and an outwardly domed transparent hood. The hood includes a central lens portion and a side portion which extends laterally from the lens portion to the outer end of the frame. The lens portion is formed by a flat outer surface and a curved inner surface to permit the focal length to remain unchanged whether the eye goggles are used under or above water. The frame is provided with a connecting member engaging the nose strap. The nose strap is formed with longitudinally spaced stops selectively engaging the connecting member. The longitudinal spacings between the stops on one side of the nose strap differ from those between the stops on the other side to obtain precision distance adjustment between the eye pieces.

Abstract: An intraocular lens (10) adapted for use as artificial lens implant is disclosed. The intraocular lens (10) includes an optical lens body (11) having an convex upper surface (11a) and a bottom surface (11b). The convex surface (11a) has a peripheral zone (15) and an apex (16). The lens body (11) has a height of a distance from the apex (16) to the bottom surface (11b). A haptic element mounting means comprises a first boss (13a) cooperatively connected to the convex surface (11a) within the peripheral zone (15). The first boss (13a) has a height that does not extend substantially above a plane parallel to the bottom surface (11b) and the plane contains the apex (16) of the optical lens body (11). The first boss (13a) does not substantially increase the height of the optical lens body (11). In a preferred embodiment, the intraocular lens (10) includes a first and second haptic element (12a) and (12b) cooperatively connected to the first boss (13a) and second boss (13b).

Abstract: An artificial limb consisting of a tubular member having inner and outer walls and formed by at least three interconnected side-by-side air inflatable compartments fabricated from an air impervious flexible material. The stump of a patient's limb may be inserted into one end of the tubular member, which preferably tapers therefrom towards the other end, and is gripped by the inner walls thereof when the compartments are inflated. Below the stump the inner walls interengage with one another as the compartments inflate and in order to provide a sufficiently rigid pylon to fully support the patient's weight a plurality of rigid longitudinal stiffening members are disposed around, and cooperate with, the outer walls of the tubular member. Preferably the stiffening members are hingedly interconnected along longitudinal marginal side edges and fabricated from a single sheet of rigid transparent thermoplastic material such as polyvinylchloride.

Abstract: This invention relates to a spa which may be used in an in-ground or above ground swimming pool or other liquid containing structure.The spa includes a frame capable of supporting a person or persons and comprising one or more frame members having a plurality of apertures or perforations. There is also included conveying means connectable to a liquid source such as the outlet pipe of a swimming pool for conveying liquid to the apertures or perforations included in the spa frame whereby liquid may be expelled under pressure of a person or persons supported by the frame.Suitably there is also included aerating means associated with the conveying means for aerating liquid before being expelled from the apertures or perforations in the spa frame.

Abstract: A spread or ground covering sheet or towel structure of the type used to cover a portion of the ground surface so that one or more people can lie thereupon when sunbathing or enjoying like recreational activities. The ground cover is defined by a flexible sheet made from cloth or like flexible material which includes a pouch structure secured to depend from the undersurface and accordingly positioned to be buried within the ground covered by the sheet. The pouch is sufficiently structured and dimensioned to hold valuables such as keys, money, etc. in an out of sight location so as to prevent theft when the sheet is not occupied.

Abstract: A pressure relief device for bed-ridden patients is comprised of a hollow annular cushion having a valve to permit filling of the cushion with water, laterally extending tabs to facilitate positioning of the device, and an anti-bacterial agent and a dye agent located within the hollow cushion.

Abstract: A system for removing oxygen from and around hospital beds for reducing the fire danger. A manifold having a plurality of sections is connected to and is supported from the frame. The sections are connected together by flexible joints and include a connection for attachment to an exhaust. A first plurality of suction tubes is connected to the manifold with their ends positioned adjacent the mattress for removing oxygen from and around the mattress. A second plurality of suction tubes is connected to the manifold and extend downwardly for removing oxygen from beneath the bed. Suction cups may be connected to the ends of the first suction tubes positioned adjacent the mattress. The suction cups are positioned adjacent the sides and the bottom of the mattress and are supported from the frame and springs.

Abstract: A hammer-drill is adapted for drilling a hole in masonry and subsequently driving a threaded masonry fastener therein. The hammer-drill has a driving output shaft nested concentrically within a driving output sleeve. The shaft and sleeve both extend forwardly of the tool housing, and both are driven continuously by respective gearing in the tool. The sleeve, however, is driven at a substantially lower rpm than the shaft and at a higher torque. After the hole is drilled, a tubular member is releasably and drivingly coupled to the sleeve. The tubular member encloses the masonry drill bit, which is continually rotated, and the drill bit need not be removed from the tool to seat the fastener. The tubular member has a forward portion provided with a socket for the head of the masonry fastener.

Abstract: An apparatus for forming a lock nut from an annular workpiece including a support member having a central seat for receiving the annular workpiece. Fingers are radially displaceable with respect to the central seat for forcing peripheral indentations into the workpiece. A plunger is axially displaced with respect to the central seat for arcuately deforming the planar configuration of the workpiece. A threaded pilot is placed within the central set so that the fingers simultaneously press internal threads in the workpiece. The workpiece itself is formed of a continuous strip of material arcuately bent to form an annular member having a radially extending seam.

Abstract: A cleaning tool having an elongated hand-carried structure including a motor at one end and a shaft extending to the other end. A cleaning tool of distortable material has a socket sleeved on the shaft and a latch connects the socket to the structure. A pair of swing links are mounted on the shaft which swing apart and distort the elastomeric material of the tool to stabilize it and to compress it and thus interlock therewith.

Abstract: A tool for cleaning and deburring spent cartridge cases by means of a cleaner at a first end of the tool used to clean the primer pocket of carbon and other residue remaining in the pocket is disclosed herein. The other end of the tool is adapted to deburr the bullet end of the cartridge. The deburring tool is adjustable through a range of sizes to accommodate various sized cartridges. The cleaner end of the tool may be provided with different size cleaners to accommodate various sized primer pockets and may be used alternatively to reshape the primer pocket when crimped primers were used.

Abstract: A sponge mop with wing sections which rotate together to fold a sponge against itself and apply pressure to expel water from the sponge. Slidable movement of a pressure applying member against the wing sections causes them to rotate together. After pressure is released, the wing sections return to a horizontal position with the sponge ready for mopping.

Abstract: A scraper blade made of plastic material which is frictionally held in place in a housing having a handle attached thereto and having access openings therein leading to a beveled scraping edge which is not being used, whereby such scraper blade may be easily reversed, thereby doubling the useful life of such scraper.

Abstract: This disclosure relates to a sponge mop refill assembly designed for use with different mop head designs. The assembly includes a sponge, a pair of backing plates secured to one side of the sponge, and an adapter for each backing plate. Sponge mop heads include a squeeze plate that extends across the upper side of the sponge and is removably attached to the two backing plates on the sponge. In one mop head design, the squeeze plate and the backing plates include mating mating slot and flange parts for connecting the backing plates directly to the squeeze plate. In another mop head design, the connecting part on the squeeze plate is recessed and therefore not directly accessible to the mating part on the backing plate, and in this instance the adapters are positioned between and interconnect the squeeze plate with the backing plates.

Abstract: A tool holder adapted for use with slat-like material, such as louver window panels, venetian blinds, and vertical drapes, is devised to simultaneously bring a pair of tool elements to bear against the opposing surfaces of the slat-like material. Thus, the slat-like material can be easily and quickly cleaned with a single smooth motion of the tool. The tool includes first and second handle segments which are rotatably coupled together at one end. The lower handle segment includes an integrally formed tool holding portion. The opposing upper handle segment is rotatably coupled to an adjustable tool holding element which opposes the tool holding portion of the lower handle segment. The angular orientation of the adjustable tool holding element is selectively fixed with respect to the upper handle segment so that it and the opposing tool holding portion can be aligned in a substantially parallel configuration notwithstanding the variable distance of separation therebetween.

Abstract: A cleaning cone with a covering for cleaning the internal taper of the work spindle of a machine tool is rotatably mounted on a mandrel on a supporting body. The cone and the mandrel are relatively movable. The apparatus is detachably secured in the operating position.

Abstract: A ribbon of flexible fabric (e.g., nylon) is folded and riveted near the fold to form an attachment loop. The loop is then coupled on a centrally located support rod inside an air duct, the ribbon ends extending beyond the exit of the duct. When air is forced through the duct, the free ends oscillate rapidly to brush away particulates on a surface being cleaned. The support rod is a portion of a clip which is removably coupled to the duct. The duct is cylindrical and may comprise a common, commercially available vacuum cleaner tube.

Abstract: A damper for the door of a cassette housing in a cassette tape recorder is formed by unrotatably inserting a resisting member provided with radially extended vanes around a support shaft protuberating from a base plate and setting the resisting member within a cup-shaped rotary member thereby allowing the vanes to slide frictionally on the inner wall surface of the rotary member. This damper is mounted in the machine proper of the recorder by fastening the resisting member to the machine proper through the medium of the fitting member and pivotally attaching the door to the rotary member by utilization of a rack and pinion. The opening and closing motion of the door is braked by the frictional slide of the resisting member on the inner wall surface of the rotary member. Thus, the shocks and vibration produced by the opening and closing motion of the door are abated.

Abstract: Apparatus is provided for automatically electrically stunning animals to be slaughtered. The apparatus includes two V-shaped restrainers, where the second restrainer runs faster than the first restrainer to automatically space the animals apart. A pair of electrodes which are adapted to extend downwardly into the second V-shaped restrainer, are disclosed. The electrodes are specially shaped and are preferably adapted to transversely engage the head of the animal to be stunned. The electrodes are pivotally suspended from a reciprocating frame which is provided to move with the restrainer carrying an animal during the period that stunning is taking place, in order to maintain contact between the animal and the electrodes during the period of stunning.

Abstract: A bird cutting plant comprises an endless conveyer (1) with equidistantly spaced apart bird suspension means (3) from which the birds are suspended upside down for transport through at least one cutting station (II-V). Each suspension means (3) includes two yokes (8) secured to the conveyer (1) and adapted to receive the birds' lower legs, the connecting line of said yokes extending transversely of the direction of movement of the conveyer, and the spacing between said yokes along said connecting line being sufficient to make said yokes hold the lower legs of a bird suspended in this manner stretched apart, but at the same time hold the bird freely swingable, in the conveying direction, on the distal enlarged end portions of the lower legs. Said yokes (8) include guide means (9-12) adapted to guide the cut bird parts out of the yokes when subjected to a force acting against the direction of the force of gravity.

Abstract: A cleansing solution is formed by injecting a pressurized gas into a liquid, subjecting the liquid to high shear forces to divide the gas into small bubbles, and pressurizing the gas to cause a significant portion of the bubbles to become dissolved in the liquid. The cleansing solution is depressurized and applied to an animal carcass, enabling the dissolved gas to come out of solution as bubbles. The bubbles lift contaminants from the surface of the carcass by migrating outwardly from the carcass surface to the air-liquid interface.

Abstract: A clamp for hoses or the like has an elongated band the end portions of which overlap each other and are held in overlapped relationship to form a loop around the hose or the like. Each end portion has an outwardly extending projection which can be engaged by a tool to tension the clamp. The projection on the outer end portion is a lug which is plastically deformable in a direction toward the other end portion when the maximum permissible tensioning force is reached. This ensures that the maximum permissible force cannot be exceeded and allows for a visual control as to whether or not the clamp has been properly tightened.

Abstract: A clamp for holding an object in working relationship with a work surface. The object may be a calculator or the like and the work surface may be a clipboard or the like.

Abstract: A lockable band clamp, such as clamping together the rims of a housing and a base of an equipment housing, has a flexible band with Vee-shaped portions for positioning around the rims, the rims positioned in the Vee-shaped portions. The ends of the band have end members through which passes a bolt, a tubular member threading on to the bolt. Relative rotation between bolt and tubular member acts to pull the end members together and tighten the band about the rims. The end members have projections which overlap. A locking member which, in a locked position, engages at one end over a rod through the tubular member and at the other end aligns with holes in the projections whereby a padlock can pass through the holes and a formation on the locking member, preventing relative rotation between bolt and tubular member.

Abstract: A device is provided formed by a case which contains, on each side of a ball for retaining the coupling member of the belt, two spring-loaded sliding keys cooperating alternately with the ball so that the retreat of one against the action of its spring allows the automatic advance of the other one either for locking said ball in the coupling member of said belt during penetration of this member into the case, or for releasing said coupling member and automatically ejecting same, depending on the key which is moved back against the action of its spring.

Abstract: A process is provided for mechanically surface-finishing a textile fabric which comprises continuously feeding said fabric from a source of supply, such that said fabric lies in a single plane, subjecting successive adjacent sections of the fabric to intermittent mechanical impact with an abrasive means across the width of said fabric thereby avoiding substantial sustained contact between the fabric and the abrasive means, the mechanical impact being at a force and frequency sufficient to cause a substantially uniform modification of the surface characteristics of the fabric. Textile fabrics with modified surface which may be made by the above process are also provided. Apparatus for mechanically surface-finishing a textile fabric according to the aforedescribed process is further provided.

Abstract: A jet and improved bustle tow blooming apparatus, the jet and bustle apparatus both being rectangular-shaped and the bustle apparatus having vented outlets through which the gases confined with the tow escape causing separation and blooming of the tow prior to its exit from the bustle apparatus.

Abstract: For the attachment of a flare composition sleeve in a bore at the tail of a projectile body it was heretofore necessary to maintain very exact fabrication tolerances in order to provide a reliable sealing action against the propellant gases. To avoid this drawback the invention contemplates, in a first method step, pressing the flare composition sleeve, with the aid of a pressing plug or pin, into the bore at the tail or rear portion of the projectile body and, during a second method step, a ring-shaped edge of the flare composition sleeve is enlarged by means of an elastically deformable, such as a plastic or rubber plug until the ring-shaped edge bears against a ring-shaped groove of the bore wall of the projectile body. The flare composition sleeve possesses at the aforementioned end confronting the projectile body a smaller or at most the same wall thickness as at the remaining region.

Abstract: A method of detaching and segregating metallic components secured to metallic articles is disclosed. The segregation is made in accordance with the alloy composition of the components. The method comprises the steps of providing articles having at least two components thereon comprised of different aluminum alloys and heating the articles to a temperature sufficiently high to initiate incipient melting of the component having the lowest incipient melting temperature. While at the lowest incipient melting temperature of the aluminum alloy component, the articles are subjected to agitation sufficient to cause the aluminum alloy component having the lowest incipient melting temperature to fracture and detach itself from the article. Thereafter, the detached components are segregated from the remaining articles and recovered.

Abstract: What are disclosed are method and apparatus improvements in a heliostat for reflecting solar energy onto a collector, the heliostat having a main support structure with pivoting and tilting motors and controls and mirror modules for reflecting the solar energy. The improvement is characterized by one of a combination, or curved, or lightweight mirror module in which the curved mirror focuses the energy more precisely, attenuates differential expansion due to temperature change, yet is simple and economical to build and is light enough in weight to enable building larger modules for the heliostats, as well as building larger heliostats. The specific improvement is characterized by a curved mirror formed over a plurality of templates with longitudinal support beams holding it into the predetermined curvature with transversely extending structural beams and attachment bolt for attaching it to the heliostat. Also disclosed are specific preferred methods steps and structural components.

Abstract: What are disclosed are method and apparatus improvements in a heliostat for reflecting solar energy onto a collector, the heliostat having a main support structure with pivoting and tilting motors and controls and mirror modules for reflecting the solar energy. The improvement is characterized by one of a combination, or curved, or lightweight mirror module in which the curved mirror focuses the energy more precisely, attenuates differential expansion due to temperature change, yet is simple and economical to build and is light enough in weight to enable building larger modules for the heliostats, as well as building larger heliostats. The specific improvement is characterized by a curved mirror formed over a plurality of templates with longitudinal support beams holding it into the predetermined curvature with transversely extending structural beams and attachment bolt for attaching it to the heliostat. Also disclosed are specific preferred methods steps and structural components.

Abstract: A method and apparatus is described wherein a buried double heterostructure laser device is formed utilizing epitaxial layers of quaternary III-V alloys of gallium indium arsenide phosphide and wherein the buried layer is formed by first etching the p-type top layer of the structure down to the quaternary active layer forming a mesa. A second etchant is then provided which preferentially etches the active layer. This etchant is used to undercut the top layer by removing the active layer on both sides of the top mesa surface providing a narrow strip of active layer underneath the undercut mesa. The undercut is then filled in by a heat treatment process which results in migration or transport of the binary top layer and binary bottom layer to fill in the undercut, leaving the active layer buried in the binary material. In an alternate embodiment of the invention, the two-step etching process plus the transport phenomena is utilized to form the mirror surface of a laser device.

Abstract: An apparatus for and a method of making heterojunction source-drain insulated gate field-effect transistors in order to obtain higher gain-bandwidth products at microwave frequencies. A semi-insulating InP semiconductor substrate is provided with a ternary alloy layer of p-type Ga.sub.0.47 In.sub.0.53 As, or optionally, an acceptor-doped p-type bulk of Ga.sub.0.47 In.sub.0.53 As can be substituted. Troughs are shaped in the substrate and layer for receiving a material lattice-matched to the n.sup.+ p-type Ga.sub.0.47 In.sub.0.53 As to perform as the source and drain contacts, n.sup.+ doped InP might be a suitable material. An optional method for forming the contacts calls for directing a stream of phosphine and hydrogen onto source and drain contact windows contacting the Ga.sub.0.47 In.sub.0.53 As which is heated to 750.degree. C. for about 15 minutes. This creates graded heterojunction source and drain contacts having a lattice-matching variable composition.

Abstract: Two patches of silicon nitride are formed above spaced-apart regions of an n-type substrate (2) on an overlying oxide layer (8) of small thickness. Arsenic ions are then implanted through the oxide layer in substrate areas not covered by the patches whereupon one patch (10a) and an adjoining portion of the oxide layer are covered by a masking layer (15) of polycrystalline silicon, leaving unprotected the second patch (10b) and an oxide portion adjacent thereto. The wafer is then bombarded with boron ions, first at a relatively low concentration and high energy level to penetrate the oxide layer as well as the second patch (10b) and then, after an intervening high-temperature heat treatment in a nonoxidizing atmosphere, at a relatively high concentration and low energy level. This results in the formation of a p-well (17) bounded by an n+ guard zone (23) and partly underreaching same, with an exposed area of that guard zone converted to p+ conductivity by the second-stage boron bombardment.

Abstract: A method of making a solar cell has the following steps: (1) Formation of a surface layer including a dopant on a silicon substrate wherein the surface layer has a higher laser absorption index than the silicon substrate. (2) Irradiation by laser of the surface layer to form a junction in the silicon substrate.

Abstract: An apparatus for manufacturing thermoelectric devices includes two conductive strip receiving fixtures, a thermoelectric element receiving fixture and a u-shaped member. The conductive strip receiving fixtures act to retain the strips in proper registry during the processing steps of screen printing insulating material, or solder paste thereon as well as during attachment of thermoelectric elements thereto. The element receiving fixture is complemental with either of the strip receiving fixtures to maintain the elements in place during the coupling of the elements to the strips in one of the strip receiving fixtures. The strip receiving fixtures are complemental with the u-shaped member to complete the coupling of the elements to the strips such that the elements are coupled thermally in parallel and electrically in series. The u-shaped member also facilitates the introduction of a ceramic potting compound therebetween.Also disclosed is a method for manufacturing a thermoelectric device.

Abstract: A method for producing a semiconductor device comprising the steps of forming a gate insulating layer (3) on a semiconductor substrate having a first conductivity (1) and forming an aluminum gate electrode (4) on the gate insulating layer (3); impurity doped regions (5, 6) are then formed in the semiconductor substrate (1) by means of implantation of impurity ions having a second conductivity opposite that of the first conductivity into the semiconductor substrate (1) using the aluminum gate electrode (4) as a masking material for annealing the impurity doped regions (5, 6). The annealing process occurs by irradiating a beam on the impurity doped regions (5, 6) including the aluminum gate electrode (4). After forming the impurity doped regions (5, 6) in the semiconductor substrate (1), at least the upper surface of the aluminum gate electrode (4) is covered with an insulating layer (7).

Abstract: In semiconductor devices, the transistors are isolated by means of either a PN junction isolation method or a passive isolation (PI) method. The present invention aims to improve the PI method, which is disadvantageous in that an electrode, electrically connected to the semiconductor substrate, causes a decrease in the integration density of the IC chip. In the present invention, the vacant space outside the element-forming regions is used to form the electrode and the integration density is not decreased due to the formation of the electrode. Since a polycrystalline silicon layer is in a groove formed in the vacant space, ohmic contact between the polycrystalline semiconductor material in the layer and the semiconductor substrate can be achieved while at the same time keeping the diffusion length of the impurities diffused from the polycrystalline silicon layer and the semiconductor substrate, very short. Therefore, upward diffusion of the impurities from the N.sup.