Abstract: A process for the preparation of 2,3-dihydro-1,3,2-benzodiazaphosphole-2-oxides which comprises reacting 2-nitrodiphenylamine with a trialkyl phosphite at elevated temperature.

Abstract: 2-Alkoxy C.sub.12-26 straight-chain alkyl hydroxyphosphoryl cholines, useful as hypotensive agents, anti-cancer agents and as anti-inflammatory agents.

Abstract: N-phosphonomethylglycine and novel derivative thereof useful as phytotoxicants or herbicides.

Abstract: Novel nitrile functional glycol ether acetals that are useful components of hydraulic pressure transmission fluids are described.

Abstract: Nitroaryl carbonyl Formula (IIA) compounds, their nitrodihydroaryl carbonyl Formula (I) intermediates, processes for preparing Formula (II) compounds, and a process for preparing Formula (I) compounds, wherein each process comprises the reaction of a nitroaryl compound with a silane.

Abstract: A process which enhances conversion and speeds the reaction rate for the preparation of esters. Methyl acrylate and a hindered phenol are reacted (i) in the presence of an alkali metal alkaline catalyst that provides a phenolate anion and (ii) in the presence of an agent which solubilizes the phenolate to enhance the reaction rate. Excellent yields of methyl ester are obtained in a rapid reaction and by-products are minimal. The invention includes a preparation of methyl .beta.-(3,5-dialkyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propionates by reaction of a hindered phenol with methyl acrylate in the presence of an alkaline catalyst and dimethyl sulfoxide present in an amount sufficient to advance the reaction rate.

Abstract: An optically active chrysanthemic acid or esters thereof are conveniently racemized with an aluminum bromide compound such as aluminum tribromide. An organic hydroperoxide should always be added to for racemization of the esters, but is not always necessary for racemization of the acid.

Abstract: A process for producing ethylidenediacetate which comprises reacting methyl acetate or dimethyl ether, carbon monoxide and hydrogen in the presence of catalyst comprising as a secondary-component at least one material selected from the group consisting of, iodides and bromides and as a main component combination of (1) at least one material selected from the group consisting of nickel and nickel compounds, at least one material selected from the group consisting of cobalt and cobalt compounds under substantially anhydrous conditions is disclosed. According to the present invention synthesis of ethylidenediacetate is achieved by using a cheaper catalyst than the prior catalyst.

Abstract: Formamide is prepared continuously from methyl formate and ammonia, pure methanol being recovered, by a process wherein(a) the reaction of methyl formate and ammonia is carried out predominantly in the liquid phase in the upper region of a reaction column R having a total of from 15 to 30 theoretical plates,(b) the methanol formed in this reaction is removed, together with small amounts of formamide, from the column or the evaporator in vaporus form at the level of plates 1-5 (counted from the bottom),(c) the formamide is removed from this methanol/formamide mixture, together with small amounts of methanol, in a distillation column D1 and recycled to R, and(d) the small amounts of methanol contained in the bottom product from R, which substantially consists of formamide and in this column should be at from 110.degree. to 130.degree. C., are separated off in a distillation column D2.

Abstract: In a photoelectric conversion panel which has a laminate member for photoelectric conversion use which includes a PIN type non-single-crystal laminate member formed on a substrate, the substrate is formed by a thin, flexible, chemically reinforced glass sheet.A plurality of such photoelectric conversion panels are arranged side by side through using a flexible plastic frame reinforced with carbon fibers.

Abstract: A device for constricting an electric cable used underwater for restricting the flow of water lengthwise of the cable when its sheath is perforated intentionally or accidentally. The device comprises a rigid hollow cylinder which fits around the cable with spacing between the cable and the interior wall of the hollow cylinder and has an end wall with an opening for the passage of the cable through the hollow cylinder. The opposite end of the hollow cylinder has an exterior flange, and the space between the interior wall thereof and the cable is filled with an elastomeric or plastomeric sleeve. An annular body which fits around the cable and into the hollow cylinder so as to engage the sleeve has an external flange by which the body may be pressed into the hollow cylinder and thereby compress the sleeve and, hence, the cable.

Abstract: A novel clip-on shielding strip is disclosed, intended particularly for cabinets for electronic equipment such as computer apparatus, and the like, where it is necessary and/or desirable to provide access doors or panels and to effectively shield such doors or panels at the closure interfaces to prevent or reduce the escape of stray radio frequency and/or electromagnetic interference radiation. The new clip-on shielding strip is characterized by a specifically advantageous physical configuration which, on the one hand, simplifies and expedites installation in the first instance and, on the other hand, assures excellent electrical grounding of the strip to the current structure, providing a high degree of reliability in the shielding function of the strip.

Abstract: To provide an electrically conductive path between metal pipes, e.g. soil or drain pipes, connected at butting ends by means of an annular gasket of electrically insulating material which fits around and spans the butting ends and is secured in sealing engagement with the butting ends by clamp, a bridge element of electrically conductive material retained to the gasket extends between and engages with the pipes. The bridge element is conveniently an attachment to the gasket having portions disposed at internal and external circumferential surfaces of the gasket. Teeth or like formations on the bridge element dig into the surfaces of the pipes to enhance the engagement. Electrically conductive engagement may also be made with the clamp at a portion of the bridge element at the exterior of the gasket.

Abstract: Polymeric cladding for elongate substrates, preferably electrical conductors, comprises an inner layer and an outer layer, the outer layer being a cross-linked polymer composition filled with halogen-free particulate inorganic flame-retardant filler which has been treated with material which increases the elongation to break of the composition at 200.degree. C. to at least 50%. The enhanced elongation enables the cladding better to resist burning, possibly by reducing the tendency for the outer layer to split when exposed to fire. Bundles of insulated electrical wires may be wrapped in mineral tape, preferably mica tape, to provide circuit integrity cables which are significantly smaller and/or lighter than previously known.

Abstract: A flat multiconductor cable having a multilayer construction and especially suited for use in establishing interconnections between the cable conductors and a separate conductive array such as a similar flat cable is disclosed. Conductive ink, formed metal conductors or etched conductors can be deposited on a flexible substrate and covered by a dielectric covering in the form of an ultraviolet cured dielectric coating or a separate insulating film. The conductors can be covered by anisotropic conductive adhesive with the conductive adhesive in contact with the underlying conductors at exposed tap locations where no dielectric coating is deposited or where the dielectric coating has been removed. A separate conductive array can be positioned in registry with the tap locations and the conductive adhesive can be used both to secure the conductive array to the cable and to establish electrical continuity between corresponding conductors.

Abstract: A fabric touch sensor for providing positional information related to a touched region/points. The improved electrographic touch sensor (10) is fabricated using at least one resistive fabric layer (12) in the form of conducting threads. This fabric is constructed using either unidirectional threads (16) or crossed threads (16, 18) formed by overlaying one set with another or weaving the two sets together. The fabric (12) is separated from a second resistive layer (14) to prevent unintentional contact, with separators (24) in the form of non-conducting threads (42), insulator dots (24), or with an air gap. In a preferred embodiment, both resistive layers are fabrics (12, 14) formed from conductive threads. Prevention of Moire-type visual patterns is achieved by orienting the threads in one fabric layer at an oblique angle to those of the second fabric layer.

Abstract: In a sketch pad embodying the present invention, the sensing pad has an array of generally parallel pairs of adjacent sensing conductors which, for the purpose of this explanation, will be condidered as extending in the horizontal or X direction. Each conductor has a generally triangular shape, with the base of the triangle at one edge of the pad and the apex at the opposite edge. The conductors in each pair are complementary, that is, their bases are at opposite edges of the pad. Preferably the stylus used with the sensing pad has an electrode at its tip to which it applies an alternating current signal at a frequency that is suitably high for capacitive coupling to the sensing pad. To ascertain the X position of the stylus on the pad, the right or left set of conductors is connected to sensing circuitry and the other of these two sets is grounded. The sensed voltage then corresponds to the X position.

Abstract: System for the secret transmission of audio signals having at one end a coding arrangement comprising an input low-pass filter which selects the secret audio signals to be transmitted, two parallel signal paths at the output of this filter, each path having a modulator of the phase-inverting type and a further low-pass filter, a stage for generating two modulation signals of the frequencies F.sub.1 and F.sub.2 and a first change-over switch which alternately switches through the output of the two paths in dependence of the state of a binary quasi-random signal, the encoded audio signals to be transmitted being available at the output of the change-over switch, and in which at the other end there is a decoding arrangement comprising a stage for regenerating the modulation signals of the said frequencies F.sub.1 and F.sub.

Abstract: An interactive graphics and audio communications system is disclosed. The system enables users to communicate audibly and graphically over a single telephone connection.

Abstract: A telephonic data communications system provides verbal communication of data in remote computer systems. The major components of the systems are a plurality of channels and a data processor. Each channel includes a text-to-speech translator for translating digitally stored textual data into analogue speech signals corresponding to the verbal expression of the textual data; a telephone interface for establishing a telephonic connection with a caller; and an RS232 port for accessing a data base in a remote host computer system. The data processor includes software for controlling the communications protocols used by each channel, whereby each channel emulates a computer terminal suitable for communication with the remote computer system connected to that channel, and software for extracting selected data from the data received from the remote computer system.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for providing interference free rf communications between remote handsets and host subscriber units in a Cellular Radio Telephone System includes the use of data transmission and voice channels assigned by microprocessors to track the currently assigned base station/subscriber unit channel assignment--but offset therefrom by one channel thereby to reliably and automatically arrive at an interference free channel.

Abstract: A key switch including a substrate prepared from dielectric material, and first and second electrodes respectively formed on the bottom and top surfaces of the substrate to constitute a capacitor together with the substrate. The first electrode is electrically connected to a pulse voltage signal oscillator, thereby pulsatively storing a static capacitance between the first and second electrodes. A first fixed contact electrically connected to the second electrode is provided on that portion of the surface of the substrate. A second fixed contact is positioned near the first fixed contact. The first and second fixed contacts are electrically connected or shut by a manually operable movable conductive rubber contact.

Abstract: A composite switch for starting and stopping the air conditioner of a vehicle and for changing the flow of air supplied by an air blower comprises a main switch, a selector switch, and an auxiliary switch that is connected in series with the main switch. The main switch is used to start and stop the air conditioner. The selector switch is used to change the flow of air. A selector member for switching the contacts of the auxiliary switch from one state to another is disposed opposite to an actuating member for shifting the contacts of the selector switch such that whenever the selector switch is in a certain position, the actuating member drives the selector member to open the main switch. Thus, whenever the blower is stopped, the air conditioner is stopped.

Abstract: An electrical switch assembly has a pair of conducting resilient domes which snap inwardly to produce corresponding switching functions when downward pressure is applied at their respective centers and snap outwardly to produce opposite switching functions when the applied pressure is removed. The pair of domes are supported one within the other in spaced relation with their respective centers substantially in alignment. Pressure applying means, such as a push button, is mounted for movement in line with the aligned centers of the outer and inner domes to a first predetermined position to snap the outer dome inwardly and to a second predetermined position to snap the inner dome inwardly. The successive snapping actions of the two domes to produce corresponding switching functions provide respective stages of tactile feedback through the push button to the operator.

Abstract: A slide switch comprising a slidable knob having a slanting surface formed in its inside, a holder arranged to be moved by the slanting surface in the direction perpendicular to the sliding direction of the knob, an insulator plate disposed in the direction perpendicular to the moving direction of the holder and provided with fixed contacts on the holder side, a first elastic body disposed on the insulator plate and provided with an opening portion widely opened toward the insulator plate and with a movable contact on an inner surface opposite to the fixed contacts, and a second elastic body interposed between the holder and the first elastic body and having an elastic modulus larger than that of the first elastic body.

Abstract: Restart of a running engine is prevented by a slide lock in a disk rotating upon ignition key turning and cooperating with stops and cams to define and limit positions of the slide lock in relation to turning angles. The slide lock as held by a spring bias lock element cooperating with a pair of grooves.

Abstract: A safety interlock switching device for protecting equipment, which assures the switching-off of the dangerous operating condition in the opened position of the protecting equipment, and comprises a housing, a toggle lever provided with a pivotably mounted locking lever which has two dead center points and has a cam surface which cooperates with a respective cam surface of an actuating element rigidly mounted on the protective hood and insertable into the housing. A switch is provided which actuates the toggle lever. The toggle lever and the switch are positioned in the housing of the switching device. The housing has an insertion opening into which the actuating element is insertable. In one dead center position of the toggle lever, the locking lever and the actuating element interlock with each other, and in the other dead center position the dangerous operating condition is switched off by the switch, and the actuating element with the protective hood are released.

Abstract: A vacuum interrupter of improved large current interrupting capability and dielectric strength has a pair of separable electrodes (5,6) a vacuum envelope (4) electrically insulating and enclosing the pair therewithin, a contact-making portion (14) of material of 20 to 60% IACS electrical conductivity being a part of one electrode (6) of the pair, a magnetically arc-rotating portion (13) of material of 2 to 30% IACS electrical conductivity secured to the contact-making portion (14) so as to be apart from the other electrode (5) when the electrodes (5,6) are in engagement, and means, which include a plurality of slots extending radially and circumferentially of the magnetically arc-rotating portion (13) and being apart from each other, for magnetically rotating the arc established between the electrodes (5,6) on an arcing surface of the electrode (6).

Abstract: A disconnect switch, suitable for various conductor runs within a section of a metal-clad, gas-filled, high-voltage switchgear, with shielding bodies enclosing the ends of the conductors, is operated through a rotating insulator shaft that is perpendicular to the plane of the phase-current path of the section. One shielding body is made approximately in the shape of a sphere, whose center lies on the axis of the rotating insulator shaft and on the longitudinal axis of a movable switch contact. In the interior of the sphere there are one or more surfaces to accept a connecting means necessary for connection with the end of a first conductor. The mid-perpendiculars of each of the connection surfaces lie in the plane of the phase-current path. The isolating gap also lies in the path of an angled second conductor.

Abstract: A screened electric switch in which the screen is inserted at high speed between the contacts and in which a mobile shutter with a sealing surface basically fixed relatively to the housing drives the screen with a speed which is a function of the energy of the arc.This switch is applicable to circuit breaking devices designed to check the rise of short-circuit currents or high steady-state rated currents.

Abstract: An electric switch is provided using an isolating screen for destabilizing the arc. The pieces supporting the contacts are equipped with conducting extensions whose conformation and orientation allow the feet of the arc to circulate there without becoming stationary or coming back towards the contacts when the end of the screen moves towards a slot which receives it and when the mobile support effects an appropriate travel.

Abstract: A vehicle reading/courtesy lamp is provided. The lamp includes a lamp body upon which is rotatably mounted a switch actuating ring. A switch is mounted within the lamp body. The switch includes a switch actuating lever which functions to turn the lamp on or off and to limit rotation of the ring with respect to the lamp body. The ring and lamp body are assembled together by means of spaced apart projections on each element. The spaced apart projections pass by each other upon assembly of the ring and lamp body and are moved to an overlapping position thereafter. The switch actuating arm prevents re-registry of the projections and spaces which would result in separtion of the ring and the lamp body.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process and an apparatus for heating foods oblong in shape. This apparatus comprises a reheating enclosure with a microwave source and an inclined preferably circular plate rotatably mounted substantially at its center on a drive shaft, in which said rotating plate comprises arranged uniformly around its periphery, at least two holders for foods perpendicular to the plane of the plate. This apparatus provides for the uniform distribution of heat throughout the treated food.

Abstract: An electromagnetic energy seal for use in a microwave oven comprises a first sealing cavity formed along at least one of a peripheral edge portion of an entrance opening of a heating chamber and a portion of a door for opening and closing the entrance opening of the heating chamber which is opposite to the peripheral edge portion of the entrance opening of the heating chamber, and a second sealing cavity disposed in the opening of the first sealing cavity. These first and second sealing cavities have a simple structure which produces high shield effects against the fundamental microwave frequency and the higher harmonic microwave frequency components thereof, respectively, and the adjustment and optimization of the choking frequency characteristics of the cavities can be made easy.

Abstract: An induction heating apparatus for inductively heating the valve seats of a family of engine component designs includes a plurality of rotatably mounted inductors which are selectively indexed and cycled in accordance with the component design presented at the heat treating station.

Abstract: An arrangement for applying an electromagnetic force on the electrode wire of a travelling wire EDM apparatus by passing through the workpiece an auxiliary current parallel to the current flowing through the electrode wire, in one direction or the other. The points of application of the auxiliary current on the surface of the workpiece are disposed opposite to the front of a cut relative to the electrode wire in order to obtain a resultant force which either pulls the electrode wire away from the front of the cut or draws it closer to the front of the cut.

Abstract: A capacitor-type power supply for electrical machining has a capacitor connected across a machining gap while a high-frequency power generator is disposed at a location remote from the machining gap and provides a high-frequency electric power. A feeder connects the power generator with the capacitor to permit the capacitor to be charged with pulses of the high-frequency electrical power. The system permits the high-frequency source to be located distally from the machining gap.

Abstract: An automatic assembly and welding system is provided for carrying out the building of various shaped sheet metal members, particularly motor vehicle bodies. The system comprises a single welding station, horizontal conveyor means for conveying vehicle frames to the welding station, and a pair of endless vertical conveyor mechanisms located on opposite sides of the welding station. The vertical conveyor mechanisms are capable of selectively bringing to a vertically oriented position adjacent the welding station and removing from the welding station various different automotive frames or body members to enable a continuous circulation of the body members along a path established by the vertical conveyor mechanism operating to repeatedly deliver new body members to the welding station.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for both implementing a braze melt and detecting the time, rate and direction of the braze melt along the longitudinal axis of the tube or sleeve being brazed. Generally, the invention comprises a radiant brazing heater having an electrical resistance coil assembly which serves the dual functions of providing a brazing heat onto a brazing material while simultaneously acting as an eddy current probe. In the preferred embodiment, the electrical resistance coil assembly consists of a pair of coils wound clockwise and counterclockwise, respectively, around the mandrel of the heater assembly. The invention further includes a control circuit having a mechanical relay for alternately switching the two coils of the coil assembly to a heater power source, and to an eddy current generator and detector circuit.

Abstract: A method of making a watchcase, in which two projections are formed on a joining surface of a part of the watchcase, such as a band connecting lug. The part is joined to another part such as a case body by projection welding to make the watchcase.

Abstract: A method of mounting a thermocouple assembly on a surface of a metal member by fusion welding of the thermocouple assembly sheath to the metal surface whereby the welding operation can be entirely carried out from a remote location either in air or in an underwater environment. The method generally comprises: positioning the thermocouple assembly so that the axis of the sheath extends perpendicular to the surface of the metal member, pressing the thermocouple assembly against the surface of the metal member so that the outer end surface of the tip portion of the sheath contacts the surface of the metal member; and fusion welding the tip portion to the surface of the metal member by connecting a source of d.c. potential across the sheath and the metal member and passing a d.c. current through the metal sheath and the metal member for a desired period of time.

Abstract: A plasma generating device, and in particular a duoplasmatron ion gun, is disclosed that is air cooled, high vacuum compatible and hence very clean with a stable ion current output. The device is mounted to a standard type flange held at ground potential without the necessity of subsequent high voltage isolation. Cooling is achieved with cooling fins and a fan inside a housing in which the duoplasmatron is mounted. A mounting structure includes a vacuum tight ceramic ring brazed between the mounting flange and the gun body. The ceramic ring is located with respect to high permeability magnetic components and a magnetic coil to facilitate a magnetic field for focusing the plasma, allowing the coil to be referenced to ground potential while the gun is maintained at high voltage. A ceramic chamber containing ceramic pellets is located in the plasma-forming gas inlet duct to prevent high voltage electrical discharge in the gas duct.

Abstract: A laser cutting machine consisting of a focusing head; an exit nozzle; a joint structure which supports the head; a control unit; a drive device, which is supported by a joint structure and controlled by a control unit to move the head along a specified path in space, whereby a theoretically determined, invariant distance is maintained between the exit nozzle and a plate material to be cut, the head having first and second portions which can move relative to each other in the axial direction; a servomechanism, one end of the portions being coupled to the nozzle and a focusing lens, whereby while the machine is in use, the servomechanism controls the relative motion of the two portions in the axial direction independently of the control unit to maintain a specified and invariant distance between the nozzle and the surface.

Abstract: Welding apparatus is disclosed for collecting and disposing of the extraneous work piece particles thrown off during the machining and, in particular, the welding of the workpiece. The welding apparatus comprises a welding chamber for receiving the work piece and for establishing a welding environment about the work piece. The welding chamber has an opening and an input port for introducing a non-reactive gas into the welding chamber to establish the welding environment within the welding chamber. An output port is associated with its welding chamber for permitting the escape of the non-reactive gas therefrom. A manifold is disposed about the output port for receiving and collecting the non-reactive gas and the work piece particles suspended therein.

Abstract: A robot laser work cell combines a plurality of systems which include an orthogonal axis manipulator system, a laser beam delivery system, a safety enclosure system, a coolant chiller for the laser beam delivery system, an air filtration and drying system in communication with the laser beam delivery system, an exhaust system for removing toxic fumes from the area proximate the output of the laser beam delivery system and a variety of precision table and other fixturing means which can be used in combination to function as the work cell of this invention. In an alternative embodiment, a laser package is mounted by a modular wrist onto the Z-axis of the orthogonal axis manipulator and the laser beam delivery system.

Abstract: The invention relates to a machine for automatically welding and/or cutting the junction point between a main pipe and a secondary branch pipe placed thereon. This machine comprises a positioning support on which the main pipe is placed. The positioning support comprises two servomotors which drive the main pipe in rotation about the longitudinal axis of the pipe and about a second horizontal axis perpendicular to said longitudinal axis. The machine comprises a travelling gantry crane which bears three carriages movable by three servomotors along three axes rectangular with each other, one of which is vertical. One of the carriages bears a welding or cutting head.

Abstract: A shut-down control for a welding carriage supporting an arc welding gun automatically shuts down the gun after the carriage has stopped moving along a weld plate for a timing interval but before the continuously welding gun injures the plate.

Abstract: An electric blanket for a person with arthritis and circulatory problems in their legs is provided having a control switch which is located at the top of the blanket for controlling an upper heating element disposed over the body of the person and a lower heating element disposed over the feet of the person so that heat can be supplied in various combinations to the body and feet of the person.

Abstract: A nonfocused infrared panel emitter and method of making the same. The panel emitter includes a primary emitter positioned between an insulating layer and a secondary emitter. Preferably, the primary emitter comprises a metal foil having a pattern formed by etching. The secondary emitter may be either a woven alumina cloth, or a sheet of glass which is transparent to infrared radiation. In one embodiment of the invention, a layer of somewhat compressible, high temperature resistant paper is placed on either side of the metal foil to accommodate expansion and contraction thereof. In one method of making the panel emitter, a mesh sheet is positioned adjacent the metal foil and the sheet is vaporized by heating to create a void adjacent the foil to allow for thermal expansion and contraction of the foil.

Abstract: A device including a hand-held hair dryer and a hair dryer mount adapted to be attached to a planar support. The mount includes a catch for supporting and releasably preventing detachment of the hair dryer from the mount. In one embodiment, the hand-held hair dryer includes a first end and a second end with an indentation, and the catch includes a lower lever for receiving the first end of the hair dryer and an upper lever for releasably retaining the first end in the lower lever. The upper lever includes a tab receivable in the indentation. The mount also includes a switch for energizing and de-energizing the hair dryer and a switch actuator for operably connecting the upper lever to the switch. The mount also includes a bar for preventing movement of the upper lever when the lower lever is not engaged by the first end of the hair dryer, and a tab located adjacent the hair dryer on the upper lever for preventing energizing of the hair dryer when the hair dryer is received by the catch.