Abstract: A phenolic resin based laminate material which can be cross-linked by acid catalysis, endowed with a reinforcement, comprising at least two surfaces and having on at least one of its two surfaces at least one additional nonphenolic resin-based layer is disclosed.In accordance with the invention, the additional layer in contact with the phenolic resin is obtained from a formula comprising an unsaturated polyester resin, a cross-linking solvent of said resin, possibly one or several other additives, at least one of the main components having a formula comprising hydrophilic centers in a number at least equal to the number of non-saturation centers in the polymeric chain of the resin.

Abstract: In a multilayer flexible film suitable for medical solution packaging, film-derived extractables are controlled by the use of a small amount of a high molecular weight stabilizer in the outer layer of the film. Solution pH can be controlled by the addition of a carbonate of an alkali metal to at least one intermediate adhesive layer and/or the core layer of the film.

Abstract: A magnetic disk comprises a substrate of a resin composition comprising a polymer being capable of the anisotropic phase in the molten state and a magnetic layer formed on at least one surface of said substrate. The substrate is a laminate of a plurality, preferably two, of monoaxially oriented sheets, eventually being multiaxially oriented.

Abstract: A laminated structure comprising a substrate layer of a crystalline propylene resin and, positioned in direct contact with at least one surface of said substrate layer, a heat-sealable layer of a crystalline random propylene copolymer composition, wherein the crystalline random propylene copolymer composition is a mixture composed of(I) a crystalline random propylene copolymer of a major amount of propylene with a minor amount of another alpha-olefin, and(II) a random copolymer consisting essentially of more than 60 to 99 mole % of 1-butene and less than 40 to 1 mole % of propylene,the weight ratio of (I)/(II) being from 5/95 to 90/10, and the radom copolymer (II) has(A) an intrinsic viscosity [.eta.], determined in decalin at 135.degree. C., of 0.5 to 6 dl/g,(B) a DSC melting point (Tm), measured by a differential scanning calorimeter, of 50 to 130.degree. C., (C) a degree of crystallinity, measured by X-ray diffractometry, of 5 to 60%,(D) a boiling methyl acetate-soluble content (W.sub.

Abstract: X-ray dispersive and reflective structures and materials are provided which exhibit at least one third of the theoretical integral reflection coefficient for the structures in the range of interest without fluorescence or absorption edges. The materials can be thermally activated to control the desired properties, during or post deposition. The structures can be deposited by ion beam absorption techniques to form the structures in a precise manner. The index of the refraction of the structures can be continuously varying throughout the structures.

Abstract: An aluminum brazing sheet for use in brazing comprises;a core material composed of an aluminum alloy containing:0.2-1.0 wt % Cu,0.2-0.8 wt % Mg andat least one of the elements selected from:0.05-0.5 wt % Mn,0.05-0.5 wt % Zr,0.05-0.5 wt % Cr, andthe balance of Al and impurities, anda filler material composed of an Al-Si based alloy brazing material coated on one surface of said core material and a skin material composed of a sacrificial aluminum anode material at a purity higher than 99.0 wt % coated on the other surface of the core material. The aluminum brazing sheet according to this invention is satisfactory in the brazing property and also excellent in the corrosion resistance and the strength, which is suitable as the material for use in aluminum heat exchangers.

Abstract: A wire having a tensile strength of at least 95 psi and conductivity of at least 60 percent IACS is provided. The wire is manufactured from a precipitation hardenable alloy, the alloy consisting essentially of about 0.38 percent beryllium, 1.66 percent nickel or cobalt and the remainder copper. The manufacture comprises one or more processing steps concluding with cold working the alloy to a wire and an area reduction of at least 99 percent.

Abstract: An electroluminescence device capable of emitting white light is disclosed which comprises a SrS layer with Ce added thereto as an activator and a ZnS layer with Mn added thereto as an activator.

Abstract: A thin film EL device having a double-insulated structure and comprising an emitting layer made of an alkaline-earth sulfide as its host material and doped with Eu.sup.2+ for providing luminescent centers. The emitting layer has a Eu concentration of 0.15 to 0.75 atm. % and a controlled thickness of at least 1.3 .mu.m to impart hysteresis to the brightness vs. applied voltage characteristics of the device.

Abstract: A magneto-optical recording medium is disclosed. The medium comprises a substrate and a magnetic layer formed thereon. The magnetic layer has a multi layered structure in which rare earth metal element layers and transition metal layers are alternately superposed with each other, with layer thickness of the order of an atomic layer. The layer thickness of the rare earth metal element is selected not less than 2 .ANG. but less than 6 .ANG..

Abstract: The physical and electrical condition of electrochemical cells of a battery s monitored on a continuous basis so that corrective action can be taken before explosion and/or venting occurs by a method including the steps of:(A) coating the electrically conductive shell of each cell of the battery with a thin non electrically conductive layer,(B) applying a sensor stripe over the non electrically conductive layer so that the sensor stripe does not make electrical contact to the shell of the cell,(C) connecting leads to the sensor and then coating the sensor with a protective layer, and(D) connecting the sensor leads of individual cells of the battery into an electrical series circuit, the remaining leads of the series sensor circuit being connected to an alarm/control network that monitors the conductivity of the series electrical path.

Abstract: Metallic salts of organic charge-transfer agents, such as TCNQ, TNAP, TCNE and DDQ and their derivatives, can be processed by an electron beam for a variety of useful electronic and optical applications. The metallic charge transfer salts can be used to deposit high resolution conductive lines directly without developing solutions or subsequent metallization steps. The compounds can also be employed in the conventional manner as resists for doping (i.e., ion diffusion or implantation) and to diffuse metals into substrates. In particular, elecronic devices, optical devices and image-storage devices are disclosed which can be formed by simple electron beam processed of metal charge-transfer salt films deposited on substrates.

Abstract: A dye-forming electrically activatable recording (EAR) element which is capable of forming at least two dye images comprises an electrically conductive support bearing on one side of the support at least a dye-forming layer (A) responsive to negative polarity charge exposure and at least one dye-forming layer (B) responsive to positive polarity charge exposure and, optionally, other dye-forming layers. A multicolor dye image can be formed in the dye-forming electrically activatable recording element by multistep imagewise charge exposure in which the exposure steps are reversed in electrical polarity at each step. The reversal of polarity of exposure at differing charge density levels enables formation of a dye image in at least one layer without formation of a dye image in another layer. Processing of the exposed dye-forming electrically activatable recording element is carried out by thermal processing or by means of processing solutions or baths.

Abstract: An electrophotographic photosensitive member comprises a conductive support, and at least a charge generation layer, a first charge transport layer containing a charge transporting material, and a second charge transport layer containing a charge transporting material having higher oxidation potential than that of the charge transporting material contained in said first charge transport layer, which layers are successively laminated on said conductive support.

Abstract: An electrophotographic toner, which can exhibit good fixation in high-speed copying and is not affected by an environment such as high humidity, is provided by containing, as a principal component thereof, a resin blend composed of (a) 40-90 wt. % of a vinyl copolymer (I) formed of 70-97 wt. % of an aromatic vinyl monomer, 3-30 wt. % of an alkyl fumarate which is a C.sub.1-8 monoalkyl or dialkyl ester and 0-5 wt. % of an acid monomer and having a number average molecular weight of 2,000-15,000 and (b) 10-60 wt. % of a vinyl polymer (II) having a number average molecular weight of 20,000-500,000.

Abstract: An improved process for the preparation of encapsulated toner compositions which comprises mixing in the absence of solvent a core monomer, an initiator, pigment particles, a first shell monomer, stabilizer, and water; thereafter adding a second shell monomer thereby enabling an interfacial polymerization reaction between the first, and second shell monomers; and subsequently affecting a free radical polymerization of the core monomer.

Abstract: A print head of an ink jet printer is formed by a multilayer structure composed of a plurality of individual photoplastic films, segments of such films having a prescribed contour being removed by a photo-chemical treatment being defined on the individual photoplastic films in successive lamination procedures by the use of masks through which such photoplastic films are exposed. Passivation of unexposed films takes place after every lamination procedure by applying a light-absorbing solution. A three-dimensional structure is built up employing photoplastic films having thicknesses in the range between 10 .mu.m to 50 .mu.m and one or more masks having light transmissive regions which define a desired cross-section for the interior passages of the print head.

Abstract: A method is provided for acid etching or sandblasting decorative designs in the smooth surface of hard substrates such as glass, ceramics, plastics, and marble, granite, or other stones. A dry film photoresist, preferrably a solder mask, is applied to the smooth surface without the addition of heat. The decorvative design is placed on the dry film by exposing the dry film to ultraviolet light through a negative of the design to place the design on the surface of the photoresist. The dry film is then developed to remove a portion of it. The smooth surface is then acid etched or sandblasted, with the portion of the dry film remaining on the smooth surface protecting that portion of the smooth surface from the acid etching or sandblasting process. An apparatus is also provided for applying the dry film photoresist to the substrate.

Abstract: To produce a standard calibration and test element for the calibration and testing of reading and measuring instruments for bar codes and other test scales, a copper coating is applied to a ceramic substrate in a chemically depositing copper bath and degreased, and a photoresist coating is subsequently applied which is exposed through an exposure mask. This mask carries an image of the radiation-transparent and radiation-opaque regions of a pattern to be transferred onto the surface of the ceramic substrate. After removal of the mask, the photoresist coating is developed, the uncovered zones of the copper coating are etched in a metal chloride solution, and the remaining photoresist coating is removed by stripping. The uncovered, etched zones of the copper coating are dyed matt black in a metal bath. Finally, the conductive tracks are provided with a protective coating.

Abstract: A photographic element comprising a support having thereon at least one silver halide emulsion layer having associated therewith a dye-forming coupler and an organosilane, nonhydrolyzable in an alkaline medium, wherein:(a) one or two aryloxy groups are attached to the silicon atom of the silane either directly or indirectly through an alkylene group or an alkyleneoxy group, and(b) each aryloxy group is attached directly or indirectly through a single linking group to an aryl group substituted with a hydroxy, hydroxyalkoxy, organosilyloxy, organosilylalkoxy or organosilyloxyalkoxy group.Use of the compounds provides an improvement in density and contrast.

Abstract: A photographic light-sensitive material comprising a support having provided thereon at least one silver halide emulsion layer is disclosed, which contains in said silver halide emulsion layer two silver halide emulsions which are different from each other in mean grain size and which satisfy the conditions that:one of the silver halide emulsions, having a relatively larger mean grain size, has a mean grain size (X.sub.1) of 1.3 .mu.m or more;the mean grain size (X.sub.2) of the other silver halide emulsion, having a relatively smaller mean grain size, and X.sub.1 has a relation satisfying Formula (1)Formula (1): 0.5.ltoreq.X.sub.2 /X.sub.1 .ltoreq.0.9;the ratio of the standard deviation (S.sub.1) of the grain sizes of the silver halide emulsion having a relatively larger mean grain size to X.sub.1 satisfies the Formula (2)Formula (2): S.sub.1 /X.sub.1 .ltoreq.0.25;the ratio of the standard deviation (S.sub.2) of the grain sizes of the silver halide emulsion having a relatively smaller mean grain size to X.

Abstract: Photographic element comprising a support and a silver halide emulsion layer comprising in said emulsion layer and/or in a water-permeable layer coated at the same side of the support as said emulsion layer a compound corresponding to the following general formula: ##STR1## wherein: each of R.sup.1, R.sup.2, and R.sup.3, which may be the same or different, can represent hydrogen, C.sub.1 -C.sub.8 alkyl, or Alk.sub.1 - X - Alk.sub.2 - Y -, wherein: Alk.sub.1 is C.sub.1 -C.sub.8 alkyl, which may be substituted, X is --O-- or --S--, Alk.sub.2 is C.sub.1 -C.sub.8 alkylene, which may be substituted, and Y is a single bond, --O--, --S--, --CONH--, --SO.sub.2 NH--, or --NHCONH--, R.sup.3 can alternatively represent C.sub.1 -C.sub.8 alkyl-thio, the C.sub.1 -C.sub.8 alkyl group of which can be substituted, at least one of R.sup.1, R.sup.2, and R.sup.3, however, being other than hydrogen and other than C.sub.1 -C.sub.8 alkyl.The invention disclosed includes compounds per se, which correspond to said general formula.

Abstract: Donor tissue is treated prior to implantation in a recipient with a compound from the class known as epipolythiodioxopiperazines in order to prevent graft rejection.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is an apparatus and process for conducting ligand receptor assays. The apparatus comprises a first member which is a membrane or a filter to which is bound a receptor for the ligand or which is capable of extracting cells carrying the ligand from a fluid sample. The apparatus further comprises a second member which is composed of absorbent material which acts when in contact with the first member to induce flow through the first member when a fluid sample is added to it. The apparatus is used to conduct assays by applying a sample to the upper surface of the first member to bind ligand in the sample by means of receptor fixed to the first member or, in certain cases, by extracting cellular material which has ligand associated with it. Addition of the sample is typically followed by addition of labeled antibody against the antigen being assayed followed by a washing step to remove unbound labeled receptor.

Abstract: A method for identifying and enumerating cells of a subclass of blood cells in relation to cells of another subclass of blood cells is provided. In the method a first subclass of blood cells is selectively tagged by incubating an aliquot of a blood sample with a first tagging agent. A second subclass of blood cells is selectively tagged by incubating the aliquot with a second tagging agent. The aliquot is then passed, without lysing of any subclasses of blood cells which are not of interest, substantially a cell at a time through an area of optical stimulation for the tagging agents. Light emitted by the tagging agents is detected, the detection being limited by gating to a threshold value related to a predetermined intensity of light by one of the tagging agents. Cells of the subclass are differentiated based on occurrence of emitted light from the tagging agents.

Abstract: Human monoclonal antibodies (HmAbs) capable of reacting with cytokeratin are disclosed. It has been found that HmAbs De8, M54, M307, Hull, C29, Hu22 and Pa24 may be used to detect these cytoskeletal proteins in various cells. By means of these HmAbs the embryological origin of cells may be determined. This information may be used to determine the possible tissue source of metastasized tumors and greatly affects the management of these cancers.

Abstract: Methods are provided for modulating Ligand-Receptor interactions by binding of molecules at two epitopes of a receptor, where the epitopes are in relatively close special relationship. By providing for inhibition of changes in conformation of the receptor, where the inhibition is due to steric interactions or molecular bridging between the two epitopic sites, Ligand-Receptor interactions may be modulated. The modulation of Ligand-Receptor interactions has application to diagnostic assays, modulation of cellular activity, and modulation of the physiological activity of macromolecular compounds.

Abstract: A reagent for use in solid phase immunoassay diagnostics comprises a matrix of non-active hybridoma cells embedded with its self-produced, covalently bound, actively presented monoclonal antibodies.The solid phase reagent according to the invention is prepared by incubating in vitro a culture medium containing active hybridoma cells capable of producing monoclonal antibodies, allowing the formation of antibodies to proceed, separating and washing said cells, resuspending the cells in a buffer solution, adding to the resulting suspension an inactivator substance capable of converting active hybridoma cells into the non-active state.

Abstract: A methodology for the detection of an analyte of interest in a fluid sample through the formation, growth, and optical detection of light scattering crystals. The methodology provides for direct assay and competitive binding assay protocols using pairs of specifically binding compositions and novel innovations in crystal growth technology to provide an analytical method which is useful in immunodiagnostic, environmental, and biochemical applications. The methodology and test kit apparatus provides rapid, reproducible, and accurate data and is sensitive for the detection of an analyte of interest present in the nanogram per milliliter range.

Abstract: For the enzymatic determination of urea, one reacts the urea with glyoxylate in the presence of ureidoglycolate synthetase to give (S)-ureidoglycolate and oxidizes the latter with NAD(P).sup.+ and ureidoglycolate dehydrogenase to carbamoyloxamate and measures NAD(P)H formed either directly or via a color indicator system. A reagent suitable herefor contains glyoxylate, NAD(P).sup.+, (S)-ureidoglycolate synthetase, ureidoglycolate dehydrogenase and buffer substance.

Abstract: A method for the cooking-free saccharification of starch using an amylase produced by Corticium rolfsii AHU 9627 or its variants. According to the method, even a high viscous suspension of 10% (w/v) or more raw-corn starch is almost completely hydrolyzed within 8 hours. The saccharification is proceeded at a higher temperature and a lower pH compared with those in known methods utilizing other amylases which are able to hydrolyze uncooked starch, so that the propagation of the infectious bacteria which would affect the saccharifying efficiency can be avoided.

Abstract: Biological compositions are decontaminated by treatment with furocoumarin derivatives and irradiation under particular conditions in which the proteins retain their original physiological activities and any pathogenic microorganisms and polynucleotide fragments thereof are rendered inactive. It has been found that reduction of the amount of dissolved oxygen in the treatment solution substantially inhibits denaturation of the proteins.

Abstract: The present invention comprises novel recombinant DNA cloning and expression vectors which confer hygromycin B and/or G418 resistance to eukaryotic and prokaryotic host cells. The novel recombinant DNA vectors are derived from plasmid pKC203, a plasmid which can be isolated from E. coli JR225 (ATCC 31912). The hygromycin B and G418 resistance-conferring genes can be isolated on the 7.5 kb BglII restriction fragment or the 2.5 kb SalI-BglII restriction fragment of plasmid pKC203. The eukaryotic recombinant DNA vectors of the present invention are prepared by inserting such resistance-conferring restriction fragments into a vector, such as plasmid pSV5gpt, that comprises a eukaryotic promoter and the necessary functions for maintenance of the vector as an extrachromosomal element or as an integrated sequence in the host cell chromosomal DNA. Furthermore, the present invention comprises useful derivatives of plasmid pKC203 which, although comprising no eukaryotic elements, are useful recombinant vectors for E.

Abstract: A method for pretreating a biological material for observation by scanning electron microscope which comprises: placing a biological material in a vacuum, supplying an inert gas to a predetermined level of pressure; and energizing the inert gas for ionization for a time sufficient to cause the surface of the biological material to be activated whereby when an electron beam is irradiated on the treated surfaces, secondary electrons are emitted in a high efficiency. The apparatus for carrying out the above method is also described.

Abstract: A porous gel containing an immobilized enzyme is prepared by mixing an aqueous solution of polyvinyl alcohol having a saponification degree of not lower than 95 mol% and an average polymerization degree of not lower than 1,000, with an enzyme or enzyme-producing cell, and activated carbon powder, pouring the mixture into a container of any desired form, gelating and molding the mixture by dehydrating it up to a dehydration ratio of not lower than 50%, immersing the resulting molding in water, and drying the immersed molding. Preferably, dehydrating is by leaving the mixture to stand at room temperature or a temperature of from 30.degree. C. to 40.degree. C. The enzyme or enzyme-producing cell may be mixed with or adsorbed on an inorganic or organic carrier. The dried molding may be granulated.

Abstract: The present invention provides a composition of nutrients and a method using such a composition to stimulate the growth of aerobic bacteria, and particularly bacteria capable of biooxidizing contaminants in a subterranean formation.

Abstract: A process for the purpose of the thermostatic control of a sample fluid to be analyzed, as well as reagents and optionally the solvents necessary for performing analyses in an automatically functioning analyzer, wherein the sample container containing the sample fluid as well as the cells containing the reagents are placed in a rack made from good thermally conducting material. The rack is fixed in the analyzer at the individual processing stations between two side walls. At least one of the side walls is heated, so that the rack is thermostatically controlled and, consequently, so is the sample fluid and the reagents.

Abstract: An apparatus for analyzing blood samples by detecting particle agglutination patterns formed on inclined bottom surfaces of reaction vessels formed in a microplate includes a diluted sample preparing section for delivering given amounts of blood cells and serum contained in a sample tube into diluting vessels mounted on a sample plate secured on a rotating endless belt and for discharging predetermined amount of a diluent into the diluting vessels to form diluted blood cell and serum samples, a diluted sample delivering section for delivering given amounts of the diluted blood cell and serum samples contained in the diluting vessels into an array of reaction vessels of the microplate in a selective manner according to test-items to be analyzed and a reagent delivering section for discharging given reagents into the reaction vessels.

Abstract: In chromatographic analysis by the steps of adding a sample solution to a flow of an eluant, passing the eluant flow through a separation column thereby converting the eluant flow into an eluate flow containing component ions of the eluant flow in separate zones, passing the eluate flow through an ion-exchange membrane tube thereby allowing the eluate to come into contact with an aqueous solution of an H.sup.+ form or OH.sup.- form electrolyte outside the tube through the wall of the membrane tube, substituting those of the component ions contained in the eluate flow which have the same type of electric charge as H.sup.+ or OH.sup.- with said H.sup.+ or OH.sup.- thereby giving rise to a deionized solution flow, and passing the deionized solution flow through a detection cell thereby causing the component ions which have survived the substitution to be detected as separated into distinct zones, improvements are obtained by causing the aqueous solution of H.sup.+ or OH.sup.

Abstract: An immunoassay is disclosed which measures the concentration of cyclosporin analytes in sample fluids. Also disclosed is radioiodinated cyclosporin having a specific activity greater than 50 ulCi/ug and fluorescent labeled cyclosporin, both of which is cross-reactive with cyclosporin analytes.

Abstract: Monoclonal antibodies specific for the glucosylated N-terminal peptide residue in Hb A.sub.1c, a method for producing such antibodies, hybridoma cell lines secreting such antibodies and a method for their production, and immunoassay methods and reagent systems using such antibodies for the determination of Hb A.sub.1c in human blood samples. The monoclonal antibodies are secreted by hybridomas obtained from the fusion of a myeloma cell and a lymphocyte which has been taken from an animal, preferably a mouse, immunized with a synthetic peptide immunogen and which produces antibody specific for the glucosylated N-terminal peptide residue in Hb A.sub.1c. The synthetic peptide immunogen comprises an N-terminal plucosylated peptide residue having at least 2 amino acid units corresponding to the N-terminus of the beta-subunit of human hemoglobin and an immunogenic carrier to which the glucosylated peptide residue is linked.

Abstract: A method of rapid determination of the isotype class for a panel of monoclonal antibodies is described. The assay comprises adsorbing on a solid support medium antibodies directed to specific immunoglobulin heavy and light chains. Once such isotype-specific antibodies are bound to the nitrocellulose paper, the treated strips can be incubated with the monoclonal antibody of interest. Upon formation of a complex between the specific iso-type antisera and the monoclonal antibody, the complex is visualized by reaction with a chromogenic substance. In the preferred embodiment of the invention, the treated nitrocellulose strips are stored in kit form. Using these prepared strips, the isotyping assay can be performed in less than two hours with a minimum of technical manipulation and expenditure of reagents.

Abstract: A method of fabricating a MOS field effect semiconductor device having an LDD structure is described in which an insulating film is formed on a gate electrode and a layer of polycrystalline silicon, oxide, high melting point metal or a silicide of a high melting point metal is formed on a wafer and etched away by unisotropic RIE, except a portion thereof on a sidewall of the gate. With the resulting structure, degradation of the transconductance of the device due to injection of hot carriers is prevented. Also, the size of the device can be minimized without unduly increasing the resistances of the drain/source region, the gate electrode, and the contacts of the device.

Abstract: A method for purifying water or a water-containing material which comprises using a single or a few bacterial strains whose growth(s) is or are enabled or promoted by the addition of one or more of S-, N- and C- compounds under a low nutritional condition. A living bacterial preparation, useful for the purification of water or water-containing material, comprising a single or a few bacterial strains whose growth(s) is or are enabled or promoted by addition of one or more of S-, N- and C- compounds under a low nutritional condition is also disclosed.

Abstract: A sparger for use in microcarrier fermentation systems is provided which includes a narrow, vertically extending outer chamber defined by a solid wall and a wall formed by a screen, wherein air or other gas is forced under pressure through a tube to the bottom of the chamber and from there to a distribution member for the release of the gas upwardly into the chamber. The top of the chamber is provided with exit openings which communicate to a point above the surface of the medium. In an alternate embodiment, gas is released at the bottom of an inner chamber defined by a wall formed with a plurality of screened windows.

Abstract: A method of diagnosing Alzheimer's disease by the determination of the levels of the hormones somatotropin (human growth hormone) and somatomedin-C (IGF-I) after the administration of the L-dopa provocative test. Blood-sera samples are taken every thirty minutes for a two hour period after the administration of L-dopa, and the samples are tested for the levels of these hormones. These levels are then compared against the levels for normal subjects in the age group of between fifty and sixty. If the levels of the patient being diagnosed falls below the statistical mean corrected for error, then a diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease is indicated.

Abstract: Disclosed are a calibrator composition and method of producing and using the same in the analysis of blood of a particular species. From whole blood of the particular species, a solution is derived with which semi- and fully-automated particle counters can be calibrated for the particular species.

Abstract: An improved electrically alterable read-only memory (EAROM) is offered by the method of the invention, the memory device comprising a floating gate type field effect transistor in which a part of the floating gate and a part of the drain region formed in a silicon substrate overlap. According to the method, impurity atoms are ion implanted into a part of a region where the drain region is to be formed through an insulation layer of silicon dioxide on the region. Thereafter, the insulation layer through which ion implantation was carried out is removed and a fresh insulation layer of silicon dioxide is formed where the old insulation layer was removed. By this method, a good, thin insulation film is fabricated. By virtue of the fresh insulation layer devoid of trap centers which trap electric charges, the insulation layer is free from defects that interrupt flow of electrons required for writing or erasing of information.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing an insulated gate field effect transistor by forming a non-single crystalline semiconductor film of a first conductivity type on an insulating substrate where the semiconductor film includes hydrogen or fluoride, forming a gate insulating film on part of the semiconductor film to be the gate region, forming a gate electrode on the insulating film, inverting the conductivity type of the part of the conductor film to be the source and grain regions by ion doping of impurity corresponding to the second conductivity type opposite to the first conductivity type with the gate electrode functioning as a mask, and then exposing the non-single-crystalline semiconductor film to illumination with the gate electrode functioning as a mask to selectively crystallize the source and drain regions.

Abstract: An improved process for fabricating a static RAM cell having a polysilicon load resistance is provided. Following formation of source, gate and drain regions, a planarized dielectric structure is formed over the junction regions, and via openings which expose portions of the source and drain regions are created. The via openings are filled with polysilicon interconnects, appropriately doped for low resistance contacts. Where the contact includes a resistor load, the polysilicon is not doped. Thus, the prior art approach of providing doped and undoped regions along the same polysilicon interconnect is not employed. Rather, the doped and undoped regions are physically separated. Consequently, the minimum length of the poly load is limited only by the ability to form via openings of small dimensions.