Abstract: A developing device employing a non-magnetic one-component toner is provided and it includes a developing sleeve, which is driven to rotate in a predetermined direction past a developing region where toner carried on the sleeve is supplied to develop an electrostatic latent image formed on an image bearing member, a tank for storing therein a quantity of non-magnetic one-component toner and a flexible supply roller generally disposed between the tank and the developing sleeve for supplying the toner from the tank to the developing sleeve. The flexible supply roller rotates so as to be in sliding contact with the developing sleeve. With the provision of such a supply roller, even non-magnetic one-component toner can be suitably supplied to the developing sleeve to form thereon a thin film of charged toner for use in developing an electrostatic latent image.

Abstract: An apparatus for treating a sample comprises an ion source for irradiating a designated area of the sample with a focused ion beam, a vessel for storing compound to be vaporized, a heater surrounding the vessel for heating the compound to vaporize the same inside the vessel to produce compound vapor, and a nozzle for directing the compound vapor in the form of a vapor stream onto the designated area of the sample being irradiated with the focused ion beam. A valve is disposed along the fluid communication path between the vessel and the nozzle and has a closed state for blocking the flow of compound vapor through the nozzle and an open state for permitting the flow of compound vapor through the nozzle. The apparatus can be used to form pattern films on substrates, to repair defects in photo-masks and X-ray masks, and to cut or connect wiring in integrated circuits.

Abstract: A coater gap control arrangement for controlling the thickness of a film of coating to be formed on a workpiece is provided in a coater, which is equipped with a base, a back-up roll rotatably mounted on one end portion of the base for transporting the workpiece, a coater body slidably mounted on the base and a coater head securely mounted on the coater body for supplying the coating material onto the surface of the workpiece. The coater gap control arrangement is comprised of a position control motor securely mounted on the base for moving the coater body back and forth with respect to the back-up roll to control the position of the coater body, a non-contact type distance meter securely mounted on the coater body for measuring the distance up to the surface of the workpiece, and a processor for controlling the position control motor on the basis of a signal from the distance meter so that a predetermined distance may be kept at all times between the coater head and the workpiece.

Abstract: A moistening arrangement for moistening a flap of an envelope has a nozzle directed to spray a liquid at the envelope flap along a given locus in the plane in response to signals that are a function of the width of the flap for moistening the flap at determined positions thereof. A sensor is positioned to detect the presence of liquid emitted from the nozzle. A control arrangement controls application of liquid to the nozzle while an envelope is adjacent thereto, and liquid is momentarily directed to the nozzle prior to movement of an envelope adjacent to the nozzle for providing an indication of operability of the nozzle and liquid applying arrangement.

Abstract: An improved microwave plasma CVD apparatus for the formation of a thin film on a substrate by exciting glow discharge in a reaction chamber, comprising a substantially enclosed reaction chamber to receive the substrate, a means for supplying a film forming raw material gas into said reaction chamber and a means for introducing microwave energy into said reaction chamber, characterized in that said means for introducing microwave energy retains the gas atmosphere in said reaction chamber and as well as is constituted by a microwave transmissive material capable of introducing the microwave energy, said material being alumina ceramics containing glassy component such as SiO.sub.2, CaO and MgO in an amount of 1 wt. % to 10 wt. % and substantially as other component .alpha.-alumina.In the improved apparatus, the microwave transmissive window can be repeatedly used without being damaged for a long period of time and a desirable functional deposited film may be mass-produced at a high deposition rate.

Abstract: Animal litter which includes a bacterial and fungal growth inhibitor sprayed onto the litter prior to packaging. The inhibitor may consist of a complex halocarbon material in an aqueous solution which when spayed on the litter liberates free halogens to control bacterial and fungal growth. Other bacterial inhibitors may also be used.

Abstract: A method of fishing for swimming fish while nourishing the fish with sea water containing plankton and apparatus therefor. Fish eggs are individually disposed in openings in trays which are fed with fresh sea water containing plankton until the eggs are at least partially hatched, whereupon freshly hatched swimming fish pass through the openings with the flow of sea water. The trays are connected with first compartments for freshly hatched swimming fish for feeding sea water and swimming fish thereto. The first compartments are connected to a compartment of a net having a mesh sufficiently fine to contain larger swimming fish and to prevent larger fish from entering the net compartment through the net. Sea water and larger swimming fish are fed from the first compartment to the net compartment having the sufficiently fine mesh.

Abstract: A portable pet house having a base plate with channels formed adjacent its periphery that form a closed loop configuration. A plurality of side wall panels each having a frame around the periphery have their bottom edges removably received in said channel. These frames when in their erected position form a closed loop side wall construction. A cover formed of trapezoidal shaped roof panels is supported by a plurality of elongated support rods that have their top ends detachably secured to a dome and whose bottom ends are detachably secured to the respective frames of the side wall panels. A plurality of telescoping leg assemblies are secured to the base plate and they are retractable into a position beneath the base plate. Air ventilation apertures are formed in the base plate to insure a sufficient amount of air for the pet within the pet house.

Abstract: The present invention comprises a method for cyclically controlling a poultry barn environment. It coordinates stimulation such as illumination, ventilation, sprinkling and temperature. At the commencement of the cycle, the lights are turned off, the ventilation is reduced to a normal rate and heaters are turned on to provide an optimum environment for the poultry's inactive phase. During the dark, inactive phase, a massive purge is implemented to reduce ambient dust. At the end of the dark phase, the lights are turned on, sprinklers are turned on and the temperature in the barn is reduced. The lights stimulate activity by the fowl. The sprinkling removes still more dust from the air.The reduction in temperature stimulates feeding. At the end of the illuminated, active phase, the lights are turned out and the cycle is repeated. By coordinating the stimulation, a healthier fowl and greater growth rate are thereby produced.

Abstract: Each of a series of parallel stalls in dairy parlor includes a swinging entry gate having on one side of its hinge axis a major portion, normally blocking the stall mouth. A minor portion of the gate, on the other side of its hinge axis, protrudes partially across the mouth of a neighboring stall. The stall cannot be entered by an animal until the gate has been opened by the entry of a preceding animal into the neighboring stall. The gate has an effective width substantially greater than the stall width.

Abstract: A toy device for a pet animal comprises a base housing having an upper wall and an opening in the upper wall, a rotatable member rotatably mounted in the housing, a drive assembly for rotating the member, an elongate member secured at one end to the rotatable member and extending upwardly and then in a generally sideways direction away from the housing, and an object secured to the free end of the elongate member for movement in a path around the housing on rotation of the rotatable member. The object may be of any desired shape such as a ball, mouse, butterfly, or other creature and is preferably arranged to be dragged along the ground in a generally circular path by rotation of the rotatable member.

Abstract: A portable hay feeder with open sides pivotally connected with angle brackets which are pivotally connected with roof rafters of the unit in such fashion that the sides will swing in an essentially vertical position as an animal pushes the sides against hay contained between the sides; spacer bar or rods forming vertical openings in the sides are properly spaced so that an animal may eat but the animal's head will not go between the upright space bars, thus the animals head pushes the sides inward allowing total consumption and minimizing waste.

Abstract: An animal handling device including a ground supported base frame and a squeeze chute pivotally supported on the base frame by an upright lever assembly. The squeeze chute includes two side members, a flat first side member and a second, generally open second side member, that are pivotally connected at their lower end portions to permit movement of the second side member relative to the first side member into and out of an animal restraining position. By means including the upright lever assembly, the squeeze chute is pivotally movable with the lever assembly toward the first side member relative to the base frame between an upright animal receiving position and an animal shift position and then independently of the lever assembly to a substantially horizontal operational position wherein easy access to the animal for treatment procedure can be made through the second side member.

Abstract: A device for the controlled, sustained-release of an animal-treating composition, such as an insecticide, onto the surface of an animal in contact with the device comprises a reservoir defined by a permeable, imperforate, polymeric membrane. A porous packing inside the reservoir continuously wets the inside of the reservoir with the animal-treating composition so that the composition can continuously permeate through the membrane to the outer surface of the reservoir. A porous sheath in contact with the outer surface of the reservoir continuously conducts the composition away from the membrane and continuously deposits the composition onto the surface of the animal. The device is particularly useful for controlling horn flies on range animals, such as cattle.

Abstract: This improved cattle stanchion discloses an essentially coplanar and rectangular frame for automatically locking and manually releasing the heads of cattle. The frame unit consists of three vertical bars and two essentially horizontal bars, the top of which being slightly arched upwardly to form an apex over the center of the frame while the bottom bar is slightly arched downwardly to form a nadir under the center of the frame. These arches define an arc of travel for the central pivotally mounted vertical bar with an annular ring extension around the top arch of the frame. The annular ring cooperates with a locking mechanism consisting of pairs of elliptical latching sleeves mounted linearly apart and above the frame unit on a horizontal bar which may be operated by an attendant to either lock or unlock the stanchion.

Abstract: A device for washing small animals includes a base having a floor sloping toward a drain. A screen covers the drain for trapping loose animal hair and a grate overlies the floor for supporting an animal to be washed. A dome formed from a transparent material is removably retained by a plurality of latches on the base for confining an animal. An opening formed in one end of the dome is dimensioned to receive a small animal's head through a slit in a rubber sheet covering the opening. A plurality of circular apertures are provided in the dome to receive a pair of glove inserts in various locations for conveniently washing an animal within the dome. A plurality of cover plates are provided for closing the circular apertures not currently in use. Each of the circular apertures includes a radially extending lip and an adjacent undercut groove for engagement with a resilient sealing disc of the glove inserts or the cover plates.

Abstract: Disclosed is a catalytic combustor and systems for the boilerless stoichiometric production of a working fluid such as steam from a fuel-mixture comprised of a carbonaceous fuel and a diluent such as water mixed in a thermally self-extinguishing mass ratio. Production of the steam is by a controlled substantially stoichiometric process utilizing a combustor to provide steam over a wide range of heat release rates, temperatures and pressures for steam flooding an oil bearing formation. Even though formation characteristics change during a steam flooding operation, output steam of the combustor may be kept at a constant heat release rate by dividing the total amount of water passing through combustor between a first portion which is included in the fuel-mixture and a second portion which is injected into the heated products of combustion.

Abstract: A motorized water valve of the butterfly-type having the motor case and gear reduction housing formed integrally with the valving chamber. The metal butterfly has elastomeric material formed thereover to provide improved sealing and prevent leakage when the valve is closed thereby enabling substantially shortened warm-up in thermostat application. The control system employs the valve at the engine block outlet to control coolant flow to the radiator in response to an electrical control signal based upon comparison of the sensed block temperature with a desired engine temperature. The control system also employs the valve to control coolant flow to the heater core in response to an electrical control signal based upon a comparison of sensed in-car temperature and a desired in-car temperature selectd by the driver. Heater core discharge air may also be sensed and included in the comparison to provide a control signal to permit automatic in-car temperature regulation.

Abstract: A device to be attached to the air-fuel inlet manifold of internal combustion engines. In particular on the carburetor inlet manifold and connected to the oil sump to convey oil saturated air that is then mixed with the inlet air of the engine. It improves the combustibility of the air-petrol (fuel) mixture resulting in an increase in engine efficiency.

Abstract: A temperature-operated fluid friction coupling is actuated by a flow of viscous fluid flowing into or out of shearing surface gaps disposed therein. The coupling of the invention includes an additional valve opening penetrating a partition and an additional valve lever mounted on the partition. The additional valve lever is made of a bimetallic element or bidirectional shape memory alloys such that it curves at a considerably low temperature near the standard ambient temperature, allowing the second valve opening to open and close. Thus, the fan idling speed during OFF condition of the coupling can be set considerably low in comparison with conventional designs.

Abstract: A thermosensitive hydraulic fan coupler for an automobile engine, which allows a suitable amount of air to be supplied to the engine in accordance with the travelling condition of the automobile through the rotation of a fan is provided. The fan coupling according to the present invention is provided with an idle oil chamber and a specific dam within the former adjacent the oil circulation passage between the oil chamber and the torque transmission chamber with the dam serving as an opening and closing mechanism so that in addition to the effects of preventing the generation of abnormal fan noises and promoting an warming-up operation of the engine, it can more effectively prevent the phenomenon of "attendant rotation" of the driven side of the coupling immediately after restarting the engine.

Abstract: A cup-shaped freeze plug for a coolant hole in an engine block. The plug includes a base section having a diameter less than the hole's nominal diameter, the base diameter being sized to permit the plug to be hand-fitted into the coolant hole at an intermediate non-sealing position. The plug also includes a rim section formed integral with the base section, the rim section having a diameter greater than the hole's nominal diameter, the rim diameter being sized to allow the plug to be force-fitted into the coolant hole at a final coolant sealing position.

Abstract: A control system for controlling the air-cooling of an engine room accommodating an engine. The control system carries out air-cooling by the use of at least one of first and second electric fans. The control system operates the fan(s) when stoppage of the engine is detected and at the same time a temperature of the engine detected by a sensor is higher than a predetermined value.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a one-piece foam pattern for an intake manifold for a two cycle internal combustion engine, which pattern comprises a first surface for providing an intake manifold surface adapted to engage an engine block surface and having therein a generally rectangular opening, a second surface extending in generally spaced and parallel relation to the first surface and for providing an intake manifold surface adapted to engage a carburetor mounting surface, which second surface has therein a generally cylindrical opening, and a passage extending between the first and second surfaces and adapted to provide a fuel/air mixture passage in the intake manifold, which passage includes a first portion extending from the rectangular opening in the first surface and having a first transverse surface extending parallel to, and in spaced relation to, the first and second surfaces and having therein a second rectangular opening, which passage also includes a transition portion extending between the circular openi

Abstract: A separated lubrication type two-cycle internal combustion engine system having: a lubricating oil pump capable of discharging lubricating oil at a rate higher than the rate at which an internal combustion engine needs to be lubricated, the lubricating oil pump being disposed in the vicinity of one of projecting ends of a crankshaft and having an inlet communicating with a lubricating oil tank and a pair of outlets one of which communicates with the interior of the internal combustion engine and the other of which communicates with the lubricating oil tank; and a drive member disposed at the one of the projecting ends of the crankshaft to drive the lubricating oil pump by the torque of the engine.

Abstract: An electro-rheological valve controller. The invention comprises a generally cylindrical casing holding an electro-rheological fluid; a reciprocating tappet attached at one end of the cylindrical casing, said tappet contacting cam means for thrusting said tappet into said casing toward a reciprocating valve lift member; a plunger member coupled to said tappet, said plunger being perforated to permit the flow of electro-rheological fluid therethrough; a reciprocating valve lift member situated within said casing and separated from said perforated plunger member by a biasing spring and said elecro-rheological fluid, said lift member communicating with a valve to be lifted; and electrode means coupled to said perforated member for generating an elecric field within said perforated member such that said electro-rheological fluid within said perforated member solidifies, whereby said plunger applies a compressive fluid force against said reciprocatring lift member thereby lifting said valve to be lifted.

Abstract: A hydraulically operating actuating device for a lift valve, in particular in an internal combustion engine, has a piston which is connected to the valve stem. The piston is positioned in a cylinder and separates two stroke spaces which are connectable, in each case via inlet and outlet openings which can be occluded by the piston, to a pump for the working fluid or a reservoir. In order to reduce the energy requirement of the actuating device, the two inlet openings, which in a central actuation range of the piston are open, are connected to one another directly by a line, and two springs which act in opposite directions and, in equilibrium, hold the piston in a central position relative to two end positions engage on the piston or valve stem.

Abstract: A system for accomplishing solenoid control of engine valves places a soldnoid valve between an oil gallery and the lost-motion actuator for each valve. Although the basic phasing for the valves is established by a camshaft, the actual phasing is accomplished by causing the valve actuators to execute lost-motion. The amount of lost-motion establishes the actual opening and closing phase angles for the valves. The amount of lost-motion of each actuator is established by the timing of the opening and closing of the corresponding solenoid valve. Oil that is pumped from the actuators can be stored in an accumulator that is connected to the gallery for subsequent use in replenishing the actuators.

Abstract: An ignition system for a fuel burning engine is provided connected to and from a battery, a coil, and a starter motor. A protection circuit having pressure and temperature sensing switches has relay contacts in series with the coil. The relay contacts open when abnormal running temperatures and pressures occur to shut down the engine. During startup, a battery voltage is supplied to the coil through a conventional key operated switch and in response to the energization of the starter solenoid. The latter makes possible the elimination of an undesirable prior art bypass switch.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine with an automatic starter for a portable working machine, wherein a reduction device is arranged at an end portion opposite to an output end of a crankshaft of the internal combustion engine, a generator being arranged at a side near the reduction device, the automatic starter being arranged in the proximity of a side portion of the internal combustion engine and being drivingly connected to the reduction device, a recoil-type starter being arranged coaxially with and adjacent to the end portion of the crankshaft.

Abstract: An ICE with at least one intake port and intake valve has an air inlet passage that is split by a divider wall into primary and secondary runners, the primary being smaller than the secondary. The secondary contains a flow deactivation valve for shutting off or permitting flow to the inlet port opening. The divider wall extends to a point immediately adjacent the intake valve stem so as to positively divide the passage into the two independent runners. The centerline of the primary passage is oriented so as to produce the desired swirl rate to the air flow, other geometric considerations being defined to accurately control the swirl rate of flow and velocity to provide maximum efficiency of operation; one being that the primary passage cross-sectional area be 40%-50% of the total cross-sectional area of the port opening, another being that the volume between the closed deactivation valve and the intake valve being less than 15% of the cylinder displaced volume, and including other sized ratios.

Abstract: An oil pan, which is made of plastic, has a baffle pot insert on a bottom thereof which is formed by a one piece pot-shaped plastic component. This baffle pot insert extends from the exterior side of the bottom into the oil pan. Further, a collar of the baffle pot insert rests against a bottom section of the oil pan. Screws, which penetrate the collar and are turned into threaded metal inserts of the oil pan, are used for fastening the baffle pot insert to the oil pan.

Abstract: A composite engine block for an internal combustion engine having a fluid cooling jacket, comprising a bipartite liner structure with metal (i.e., aluminum alloy or cast iron) defining at least the combustion zone walls, the structure having one or more open cylinders of a first part mateable with a corresponding cylinder head of a second part, the first part having (i) an integral base plate extending transversely outwardly from the cylinder to define a lower imperforate membrane for the bottom of the cooling fluid jacket, and (ii) walls extending dependently from the base plate to support a crankshaft for rotation about an axis transverse to the cylinder, the second part having an integral top plate extending transversely outwardly over the cylinder head to define an upper imperforate membrane for the top of the cooling fluid jacket; (b) a tri-partite skin structure comprised of nonmetallic light weight, vibration damping material (i.e.

Abstract: The invention relates to an internal-combustion engine-braking device and comprises a throttle valve actuated by a control piston both of which are arranged in a controlled bore in a cylinder head. To ensure lubrication of the control piston in a simple way, the control bore is equipped with a connecting orifice to the oil return bore leading from the engine rocker-arm space into the crankcase.

Abstract: An air cleaner is provided in the air intake system for an internal combustion engine. An air intake port is provided at the inlet to the air cleaner. A suction air passage is provided in the air intake port and has a cross section that gradually decreases along the air flow direction.

Abstract: A swirl chamber and spark plug assembly comprises a unitary generally cup-shaped cylindrical member having external threads for removably installing it in the spark plug receiving hole of an internal combustion engine and a reduced diameter lower portion at the opposite end. The interior of the swirl chamber member has a central bore with internal threads at the top end and a stepped cylindrical swirl chamber defined by a lower cylindrical chamber and an upper cylindrical chamber of larger diameter for swirling gas in relation thereto. A spark plug having elongated electrodes is threadedly received in the top end of the swirl chamber with the spark plug gap at the juncture between the upper and lower chambers.

Abstract: The invention relates to a distribution and control valve in a fuel injection engine pump especially for a large multi-cylinder diesel engine, in which the fuel is injected into the cylinder by mdans of two or more injection valves (A;B). The pump includes a pump cylinder (1) and, inside thereof in a pump chamber (2), a reciprocatingly movable piston member (4), which is arranged through its movement to feed fuel via distribution ducts to the injection valves of the cylinder in question. The pump cylinder (1) is provided with an extra chamber (11) connected to the pump chamber (2), to which extra chamber there is tightly adapted a long-shaped valve member (12) following the movements of the piston member in the axial direction thereof, and inside the valve member (12) there is a fuel duct (13) connected to the pump chamber (2). The feed ducts (16;5a,5b) of the separate valves are connected to the extra chamber (11) in the axial direction of the valve member (12) to different points distant from each other.

Abstract: A rotational speed control system for an engine includes controls for determining whether the throttle is closed beyond a predetermined position, whether the engine is mechanically loaded, and whether the engine rotational speed exceeds a predetermined speed. A control delays the ignition timing of the engine when the throttle is closed beyond the predetermined position, the engine is not mechanically loaded, and the rotational speed exceeds the predetermined speed.

Abstract: An improved governor mechanism for an engine having angularly related staggered cylinder banks. The governor mechanism includes a link or motion transmitting member that is disposed within the stagger between the cylinder banks so as to provide a compact assembly.

Abstract: A system and method for controlling an ignition timing for an internal combustion engine mounted in a vehicle are disclosed in which a limit value for the ignition timing value is provided so that a difference between a current ignition timing and a previous ignition timing is within the limit value and the limit value is set according to a magnitude of an engine acceleration. For example, when an abrupt engine acceleration occurs, the limit value is set to 15 degrees. When the engine is in a steady state (no abrupt acceleration from an idling condition), the limit value is set to four degrees. Therefore, no vehicle body shock occurs due to the abrupt change in an engine output torque caused by the abrupt change in the ignition timing and a response characteristic of a rise in the engine output torque during the abrupt acceleration can be assured.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine having a luminosity probe and an arrangement for adjusting the running parameters of the engine to obtain the desired luminosity. Also disclosed is an arrangement for maintaining uniformity from cycle to cycle in a given combustion chamber and uniformity combustion in the combustion chambers of a multi-chamber engine.

Abstract: An irregular combustion determining device comprising a variation detecting unit, a first determining unit, and a second determining unit. The variation detecting unit detects a variation in an engine speed on the basis of two successive engine speed detected at predetermined crank angles. The first determining unit determines that an irregular combustion has occurred when the variation in the engine speed detected by the variation detecting unit is larger than a predetermined first variation in the engine speed. When the first determining unit determines that an irregular combustion has occurred, at the next detection of the variation in the engine speed by the variation detecting unit, the second determining unit determines that an irregular combustion has occurred when the variation in the engine speed detected by the variation detecting unit is larger than the predetermined second variation in the engine speed which is smaller than the predetermined first variation in the engine speed.

Abstract: An air-fuel ratio control system for controlling the air-fuel ratio in an internal combustion engine includes an arrangement for switching from open control of the air-fuel ratio to feedback control thereof. A water temperature sensor is provided for detecting the engine water temperature, and a control unit for controlling the air-fuel ratio is also provided. The control unit includes an arrangement for switching from open control to feedback control when the engine water temperature reaches a selected value. The selected value is determined by the control unit in response to a detection signal received from the water temperature sensor at the time the engine is started.

Abstract: An engine control apparatus comprises a cylinder discrimination sensor for generating cylinder discrimination signal, a crank angle sensor for generating crank angle signal, a fuel injection valve provided in each cylinder of the engine, an ignition coil provided in correspondence to each and every cylinder, a flip-flop circuit for detecting a state of misfire in each cylinder on the basis of a state of signal of said ignition coil, and a micro-computer for receiving the cylinder discrimination signal, the crank angle signal and the output signal of the flip-flop circuit to detect that a state of misfiring has occured continuously at the same cylinder and for closing the fuel injection valve corresponding to the cylinder where the misfiring has occured.

Abstract: An engine control apparatus for controlling fuel injection on the basis of a pressure value relating to the intake pipe pressure of an engine. All variations in the engine load are monitored and a detection signal is output when any variation is equal to or larger than a predetermined value. A timer is operable for a predetermined time in response to such detection signals. Fuel injection is controlled in response to the pressure value during the period when the timer is operative and in response to a value obtained by performing low-pass filter processing of the pressure value during the period when the timer is inoperative.

Abstract: There is disclosed a fuel treatment device for internal combustion engines comprising a housing having an inlet and an exit, a first metallic core in the housing, a second metallic housing in the housing and adapted to form a non-linear flow path in cooperation with the first metallic core, wherein the first metallic core comprises aluminum, and wherein the second metallic housing comprises an alloy of aluminum, copper, tin, zinc, iron, nickel, lead, sulfur and phosphorus.

Abstract: A fuel and air mixture expanding and preheating system for use in a vehicle having an internal combustion engine, an intake manifold, a carburetor, an automatic transmission and a transmission fluid cooler includes a heat exchanger body having a first mounting plate dimensioned for attachment to the carburetor and a second mounting plate dimensioned for attachment to the intake manifold. A heating fluid inlet of the heat exchanger body is dimensioned for connection to a heated automatic transmission fluid line of the vehicle, between the automatic transmission and the transmission fluid cooler. A heating fluid outlet of the heat exchanger body is dimensioned for connection to a transmission fluid cooler inlet of the vehicle. A throttle valve is mounted in an outlet portion of the heat exchanger body, adjacent the intake manifold mounting plate.

Abstract: An archery bow system includes a bow, a bow string attached to the bow, a center nock attached to the bow string having a half loop with two ends attached to the bow string, and a hand held bow string drawing device which includes a releasable draw pin that engages with the half loop, and a trigger connected with the draw pin to release the bow string upon operation of the trigger.

Abstract: A method is provided for effectively and precisely cutting metals, ceramics, composite materials and the like by use of a blade having an elongated metal band body and a conductive abrasive layer adhered to a cutting edge thereof, with a first voltage difference selectively applied continuously or intermittently between the blade and an electrode disposed close to a side of the blade. A conductive processing fluid is supplied to a cutting portion between the blade and the workpiece and the first applied voltage is preferably applied to provide a negative pole on the blade side and a positive pole on the workpiece. Electrolytic, electro-discharge and grinding operations are thus provided simultaneously, to thereby permit rapid and precise cutting of hard, bittle and difficult-to-cut materials while maintaining the cutting effectiveness of the blade. In one aspect of this method, the blade is also provided with an insulation layer on at least a metal surface, and the cutting effects are thereby improved.

Abstract: An improved circular saw blade assembly for cutting in a single pass a two tier groove in a concrete areaway. The saw blade body having a first row of cutting elements in the form of a metallic matrices containing fragmented diamond particles secured to the blade body periphery. A plurality of cutting blocks formed of the same material as the cutting elements are positioned in a circular configuration intermediate the periphery and the center of the blade body. The cutting blocks are secured to the blade body so as to position the cutting faces on the cutting blocks on each side of the blade whereby the cutting faces coact to cut a groove in the concrete above and wider than the groove cut by the peripheral cutting elements.