Abstract: A method for assembling a rocket propulsion motor including a motor case and a nozzle assembly, wherein the assembling is carried out under vacuum so that air can not be presented between a silicon sealant layer and a first O-ring disposed between the motor case and the nozzle assembly, thereby preventing the generation of air passage and air pocket in a silicon sealant layer coated over the assembled portions of the rocket propulsion motor. The silicon sealant is prepared by mixing a silicon sealant material with a setting agent. The mixing is also carried out under vacuum, so as to prevent the sealant from containing air. For venting air from a space defined the silicon sealant layer and the first O-ring under vacuum, a plurality of spacing bolts are used which serve to space the motor case and the nozzle assembly at a predetermined distance.

Abstract: A thrust vectoring variable geometry exhaust nozzle for gas turbines, which includes a convergent section (2) followed, in the direction of the flow, by a divergent section (3), both formed by master (4 and 5) and slave petals (41 and 42), whose convergent section (2) defines a throat (15) having a variable area. The divergent section (3) has variable geometry in order to orientate the thrust, and includes a governing and external radial support system for regulating the throat area (15), and a governing system for regulating the vectoring of the thrust. Both system are formed by a single governing system consisting of three annular pieces (6,7 and 8), concentric among themselves and with the axis of the turbine, and by a plurality of linear actuators (9). The master petals (5) of the divergent section (3) are transversely subdivided into at least two segments (5a, 5b).

Abstract: An air/fuel control system for internal combustion engines having three-way (NOx, CO, and HC) catalytic converters. A feedback variable is generated by subtracting the normalized output of a nitrogen oxide sensor from the normalized output of a combined HC/CO sensor. The zero crossing point of the feedback variable identifies the operating point for optimal conversion efficiency of the catalytic converter and is used to trim liquid fuel delivery for maintaining optimal conversion efficiency.

Abstract: An exhaust pipe assembly is composed of a circuitous filter route surrounded by a cooling water container for treating the exhaust out of an internal combustion engine, permitting the exhaust to be cooled down, the noise generated to be muffled, and solid particles containing in the exhaust to be removed. The exhaust pipe assembly may be cleaned by the cleaner for exhaust pipe disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 5,074,007.

Abstract: A hydrostatic power steering system is provided of the type including a steering control unit (3) operated by an input such as a steering wheel (1) to control flow from a source (8) to a steering cylinder (7). The source is operated in response to an electrical signal from a controller (82), controlled by a sensed pressure at a pressure detection port (64). The pressure at the port (64) is communicated from the main fluid path of the steering control unit (3), downstream of the fluid meter (18) when the spool (21) and sleeve (22) are relatively displaced. In systems in which the system reservoir (R) is at an elevated ("regulated tank") pressure, the pressure detection circuit is drained through a variable orifice (70) to a drain port (66), which is in communication with a sump (S) maintained at substantially atmospheric pressure. As a result, the steering system responds at a lower steering pressure, and the initial steering is smoother.

Abstract: A hydraulic system incorporating a double acting piston and cylinder and a bi-directional pump/motor derives energy from a drive system when operating in the pump mode and delivers energy to the drive system when in the pump mode and includes a circulation valve for supplementing fluid flow to and from and fluid supply in accordance with the unequal demands of the chambers driving the hydraulic actuator in one direction or the other by circulating fluid between the chambers.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a magnetoelectric resonance engine combining in its construction and operation an Alpha-type Stirling cycle thermal machine and a magnetoelectric resonance mechanism having a broad application to both electric generators and electric heat pumps.

Abstract: A brake system (10) having a master cylinder (14) connected to wheel brakes (24, 26) of a vehicle through remote compensation valves (20, 22). The master cylinder (14) has a two piece housing (66, 84) with a bore (74, 86) therein. First (32) and second (34) pistons are located in the bore (74, 96) by a sleeve and bearing arrangement (98, 82). Return springs (104, 110) in the bore (74, 96) position the first (32) and second (34) piston to define first (106) and second (114) chambers in the master cylinder (14). The two piece housing has first (22) and second (90) flanges that are joined together by hook (94, 94', 94", 94'") and slots (73, 73', 73", 73'") to form a unitary structure and by bolts (47, 47') which further compress seals (102) by joining the first flange (72) to a brake booster (12) to assure that the bore (114) is sealed from the surrounding environment.

Abstract: An exhaust gas drive system for engine accessories includes a turbine positioned in the exhaust system of the engine of a vehicle for rotation of the turbine by the pressure of the exhaust gas. The turbine is connected through a reduction transmission to a hydraulic pump which is fluidically connected to respective hydraulic motors which drive the accessories. Communication of exhaust gas to the turbine is controlled by a waste gate. The flow of hydraulic fluid to the hydraulic motors is controlled by actuator valves which operate in an on/off manner or are adjustable for variable control of the accessories. A computer monitors engine speed and controls the position of the waste gate to thereby maintain a substantially constant speed of the turbine. Alternatively, a secondary output shaft of the reduction transmission has a drive pulley thereon for belt driving an accessory having a driven pulley on an input shaft thereof.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a method for operating a hermetic, small-size power plant in which a primary circulation is conducted in a main line connecting a high-speed machine including at least a turbine and a generator installed on a joint rotor, a vaporizer and a condenser. Fluid lubrication of bearings of the rotor during the continuing operation is effected by fluid medium passing through the condenser and along the main line of the primary circulation. The vaporizer is connected to the high-speed machine through medium flow paths defining a circulating medium circuit bypassing the condenser and at least partly bypassing the main line of the primary circulation to secure passage of circulating medium accumulated in the vaporizer for lubrication of the bearings of the rotor during stopping of the primary circulation.

Abstract: A single nozzle combustion liner cap assembly is provided in the form of an outer annular sleeve connected to an inner center ring or cowl by an angled web or cone portion formed with multiple arrays of holes for introducing air through the cone portion where it is then diverted in desired directions by cooling slots formed by integral baffles or vanes formed on the downstream side of the cone portion. In one exemplary embodiment, three baffles or directional vanes are provided on the cone portion, the two innermost of which direct air radially inwardly along the downstream surface of the cone toward the cowl, and the third of which directs air in two opposite directions, i.e., inwardly and outwardly along the cone portion.

Abstract: A gas turbine engine has a low cost combustor liner cooling system combining the benefits of high internal heat removal with improved film cooling by employing a large number of strategically positioned, laser-drilled cooling passages. Cooling air flows through these specially tailored passages to absorb heat from the liner prior to injection as a protective film on the interior surface. The passages are set in staggered rows on a thickened portion of the liner and have a rough internal heat transfer surface and an exit with a steep injection angle to evenly distribute the cooling film along the interior surface of the liner.

Abstract: A method of and apparatus for separating C.sub.4 hydrocarbons from a feed comprising a gaseous mixture. The feed is cooled and partially condensed in a plurality of successive stages of condensation and phase separation. A gaseous overhead from each separation stage is further cooled and supplied to the next separation stage and the liquid separated from each stage is used to cool the gas. Further refrigeration is supplied to the gas to effect the condensations by indirect heat exchange with a closed cycle refrigerant subjected to a compression/expansion cycle. The feed undergoes no compression and no abrupt expansion during the separation, so that the feed undergoes a pressure decrease due only to friction of the passage of the feed through the apparatus. The pressure loss is no more than about 20 psi. The temperature of the feed is maintained below 150.degree. F. at all times, to prevent polymerization of 1,3-butadiene.

Abstract: A cryogenic helium production system wherein a feed which includes carbon dioxide is processed in a dual temperature system including an upstream higher temperature and higher pressure column or dephlegmator, thus eliminating the need for a separate non-cryogenic carbon dioxide removal step.

Abstract: In this process for the production of gaseous oxygen under pressure by air distillation in a double column, pumping liquid oxygen withdrawn at the bottom of the low pressure column, and vaporization of compressed liquid oxygen by heat exchange with air at high pressure, all the air to be distilled is compressed at the high air pressure, followed by expanding, at the pressure of the mean pressure column, the excess fraction of this air in a turbine which is decelerated by means of an air booster, and at least one liquid product is withdrawn from the apparatus.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for delivering a cryogen in which a cryogen is stored and delivered in a cryogenic storage facility having three tanks. Each of the tanks is filled with the cryogen in a subcooled liquid state to wash contaminants down toward a bottom region thereof. Thereafter, a minor stream composed of superheated vapor is introduced into the bottom region of each tank to pressurize each tank. A major stream of the superheated vapor is then introduced into each tank to form scrubbed cryogenic vapor in the head space region thereof which is used in forming the product stream. Each tank is subsequently used to dispense the cryogen to a vaporizer to form the superheated vapor which is in turn divided into the major and subsidiary streams.

Abstract: A thermal insulated bottle (10) includes an outer container (12) having an open end (16) and an inner cup (18) which is at least partially received and spaced apart from the outer container ( 12 ) . The inner cup ( 18 ) and outer container (12) engage each other, preferably by a shoulder (24) at the open end (16) of the outer container (12) which encloses the space between the inner cup (18) and the outer container (12) to form a chamber (26). Within the chamber (26), a sleeve (28) of freezable fluid (30) is positioned around the inner cup (18). A thermal insulating material (32) occupies the rest of the chamber (26) between the sleeve (28) and the outer container (12).

Abstract: An apparatus for cooling a workpiece, especially a continuous rolled non-flat workpiece includes a cooling passage having an inlet for receiving the workpiece and an outlet for discharging the workpiece, the cooling passage having a central axis and further including an inlet for introducing a cooling medium to the cooling passage, and an outlet for removing the cooling medium from the cooling passage, the cooling medium inlet being arranged relative to the central axis of the cooling passage so as to induce a substantially helical flow of cooling medium around the central axis from the cooling medium inlet to the cooling medium outlet, the cooling medium outlet including a chamber having an expanded flow area, whereby pressure and velocity of the cooling medium in the cooling passage are controlled so as to provide accelerated cooling of the workpiece.

Abstract: A machine or apparatus for producing ice cubes comprising flexible membranes which are flexed into and out of thermal contact with a refrigerated evaporator core upon which conductive areas define discrete freezing sites which determine the location on the flexible membrane where the ice cubes are formed. The ice cubes are removed by flexing the flexible membrane. The flexing of the flexible membranes into and out of contact with the evaporator core may be accomplished with a fluid source which applies fluid to and removes fluid from collapsible spaces between the evaporator core and the membranes.

Abstract: A frost control system is described for inhibiting and removing frost from the door of a storage locker. Relatively cool air is received by an inlet to the frost control system at an inlet placed above the door. The air is drawn into the system by a blower which forces the air through the ducts of the system. The air passes through strip heaters within the vertical ducts of the defrost system positioned on either side of the door. The warm air is discharged horizontally across the bottom portion of the door and simultaneously rises creating a blanket of relatively warm air in comparison to the ambient area. Discharge apertures are included in the ends of the vertical ducts which blow a portion of the warmed air to the base of the door to enhance coverage of the door by the warmed air.

Abstract: A reheater is used in air-conditioning system which includes a compressor, a condenser, an expansion valve, and an evaporator, interconnected by conduits in a closed loop. A first conduit coupling a flow of liquid refrigerant through the expansion valve into the evaporator. A second conduit coupling the an outlet of the evaporator to an inlet of the compressor. A third conduit coupling an outlet of the compressor to an inlet of the condenser. A centrifugal pump, coupled to an outlet of the condenser, for boosting a pressure of the condensed liquid refrigerant by an incremental pressure sufficient to pressure subcool the refrigerant.

Abstract: This invention relates to an air conditioning apparatus and in particular to one including a compressor, an evaporator, a cooling fan, a low pressure pipe, a high pressure pipe, a radiator, a cooling motor, and a condenser. The apparatus is characterized in that the heat exchanging efficiency between the cooling water and the refrigerant is highly enhanced, thereby intensifying the cooling effect and increasing the temperature of the cooling water flowing out of the apparatus to an acceptable degree for residential hot water. Further the radiator may be separated from the apparatus thus making it suitable for use in varied applications.

Abstract: Leveling arms for a low profile room air conditioner which are pivotally mounted to a side of an air conditioner housing at an inner end and have an arcuate slotted opening adjacent an outer end. A threaded fastener or clamping bolt is threaded into the air conditioner housing and extends through the arcuate opening. The threaded fastener is loosened to allow the position of the associated arm to be adjusted. The arms have an inner surface providing a series of radial teeth which mesh with like teeth on the outer surface of the housing when the threaded fastener is tightened, thereby retaining the arms in the desired position.

Abstract: Cooling liquid flowing through cooling-liquid passages cools in heat-transmission manner an inner layer on an inner surface of an impermeable intermediate layer and is directed through a piping to an interface between the intermediate and outer layers, whereby the porous outer layer is cooled by latent heat generated by evaporation of the cooling liquid infiltrated into the porous outer layer.

Abstract: An ice making apparatus includes a mold in which water is frozen to form an ice body. Also included are an electric motor and an ejector blade for ejecting the ice body from the mold. An electric heater in heat transfer association with the mold is operable to free the ice bodies from the mold prior to the ejector blade ejecting the ice bodies. A control circuit includes a thermostat responsive to temperature of water in the mold. A thermostat switch is controlled by the thermostat to initiate operation of the motor for ejecting the ice body upon complete freezing thereof and concurrently energizing the heater. Art electric circuit includes the thermostat switch, the motor and a second switch controlled by the operation of the motor for maintaining energization of the motor independently of the first switch and causing the thermostat switch to control further energization of the heater whereby the thermostat switch de-energizes the heater within a single revolution of the ejector blade.

Abstract: The invention relates to a combination food and beverage cooler. The cooler includes a bottom wall, a plurality of attached side walls, and a top opening defined by the side walls. The bottom wall and side walls substantially enclose a compartment area formed therein. A beverage compartment is positioned in the compartment area and adjacent the bottom wall for storing an otherwise non-contained beverage. The beverage compartment is relatively flat and extends over a relatively large surface area of the compartment area in relation to its volume. A food compartment in the compartment area stores items such as canned goods, canned drinks and other solid food items. A cooler pack in the compartment area is positioned between the food compartment and the beverage compartment for cooling the food compartment and the beverage compartment. The cooler pack extends over a relatively large surface area of the beverage compartment and the food compartment.

Abstract: A scroll-type refrigerant compressor for use in a conventional refrigerating circuit and having liquid refrigerant compressor cooling provided by the injection of liquid refrigerant into an intermediate biasing chamber and/or specifically located bleed holes.

Abstract: A piece of jewelry comprises one or more half-tubular members which have a main curvature lying in the primary plane of the jewelry. The half-tubular member has an outer, highly polished concave surface and an inner, highly polished convex surface where both surfaces lie or extend in the primary plane. This produces the illusion that the half-tubular members are in fact fully tubular and thus, produces jewelry that has a heavier look and impression even though it is made with half the precious metal.

Abstract: A knitting machine comprises a needle cylinder, stitch-forming knitting needles, displaceable selector elements for initiating specific knitting operations, springs which bias the selector elements into a first position, mechanical control means which transfer the selector elements into a second position contrary to their biasing and electromagnetic selector means which comprise at least one activatable magnetic pole for holding the selector elements in their second position. The displaceable selector elements have a stop edge which cooperates in the second position with a counterstop edge stationary relative to the movement of the selector element. When the stop edge engages on the counterstop edge, the selector elements are located at such a small distance from the electromagnetic selector means, hereby forming an air gap, that their magnetic force is still sufficient to hold the selector elements in their second position.

Abstract: A plastic washtub used preferably in household clothes washing machines having a rigid structure (1) formed by a cylindrical wall (2 ), a circular bottom wall (3 ), and a circular front wall. A hub (6) is inserted through the central part of the bottom wall. It is called a hub because it is inserted into a central circular hub-housing (7) of the bottom wall (3) and supports the central shaft (11 ) of the rotor (8 ) in a known manner. This hubhousing's central portion (7) has around and adjacent to it one or more closed, empty chambers so that the hub-housing (7) does not enter into contact with the washing liquid. It is preferred that, inside the tub, said hub-housing (7) be protected by a plate (15), preferably of plastic, which is attached to ribs on the bottom wall to prevent the washing liquid from directly contacting the hub-housing.

Abstract: A locking device for an automatic shift lever on a car, having a housing provided at one side of the handle of the shift lever, an engaging lever, and a locating piece capable of rotating with a lock core received inside the housing. When a protruding end of the engaging lever is pressed inwardly, the locating piece will abut against a bottom edge of the engaging lever. In this position, a sleeve inside the handle has a slot which is engaged with a limiting end located on the top of the engaging lever, so that the shift lever is impossible to be moved.

Abstract: An anti-theft device for a vehicle includes a casing engaged in a housing, a sleeve extended upward from the housing for receiving a lock, a rod having one end rotatably coupled to the casing and the other end slidably engaged in a tube, a ring element pivotally coupled to the tube, and a shank engaged through the housing and the casing so as to form the anti-theft device. The device has a simplified configuration and has a greatly lowered manufacturing cost.

Abstract: An automobile steering lock comprising a rod member telescopically moving in a tubular body member and a passageway in a housing, the rod member having a plurality of grooves consisting of a vertical face and a sloped face for two vertical plates to fit in to stop the rod member to keep it immovable at a certain length relative to the body member so as to attach two hooks welded on the rod member and the body member on a steering wheel to lock it immovable, the vertical plates being moved by a dead bolt moved by a lock with a key for unlocking, the vertical plates regularly pushed by two springs to engage the grooves of the rod member to lock the rod member immovable after two hooks hooked on the steering wheel without using a key to lock it.

Abstract: A precision bending press for relatively short pieces of sheet metal includes a pair of tool-holder beams one of which is movable towards the other in order to follow a working path in the general common plane of the beams. The movable beam is subdivided, at least virtually, into a number n of segments and is controlled by a plurality of actuators of a number at least equal to n+1. The actuators are connected to a reaction structure stressed by the overall forming force created by the actuators. The actuators are controlled by means of a processing unit which receives signals indicative of the relative punch--die position generated by position transducers supported by an auxiliary structure which is not affected substantially by the deformations of the reaction structure caused by the bending force. The reaction structure comprises a single pair of lateral uprights connected to one another by a connecting beam and by the fixed tool-holder beam.

Abstract: A machine combines metal rod chamfering and stamping operations into a single machining operation. Cutting the chamfer on the end of the rod is accomplished by a rotating cutting tool affixed to a chuck which rotates with a spindle about an axis co-linear with the axis of the workpiece. Both the chuck and the spindle contain a hollow bore along their rotational axes. This bore holds a stamping rod which is free to move axially within the spindle. A stamping impact unit is located at the opposite end of the spindle which acts upon the opposite end of the stamping rod. At the desired moment within the chamfering operation, the stamping rod is hammered into the end face of the workpiece by the impact unit. The imprint end of the stamping rod functions as a mechanical stop to locate the depth the workpiece is inserted into a clamping collet.

Abstract: A tube-resizing tool comprising: a frame assembly including a first leg and a second leg, the first leg and the second leg positioned in such a way as to straddle and secure the section of tubing to be resized, and the first and second legs being adjustable toward or away from one another so as to accommodate and secure tubing of different diameters; two rollers rotatably mounted to the first leg; and a resizing wheel rotatably mounted to the second leg, the resizing wheel having a substantially uniform outer peripheral cross-section, and the resizing wheel having a length less than the length of each of the rollers.

Abstract: A leveling device for correcting defective shape of a strip by repeatedly bending the strip under a tensioned condition of the strip, comprising a tension leveler including a stretching roll unit for correcting local elongations of the strip and a C-warp correcting roll unit for correcting the warp in the crosswise direction of the strip, and at least a tension fluctuation suppressing means for suppressing the tension fluctuation transferred from the bridle rolls and preventing the generation of charter mark. The tension fluctuation suppressing means may be composed of a rotary resistant body of at least two deflector rolls or of a pair of pinch rolls arranged one above the other.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for pressing a sheet blank into a tubular container, including a first process or device for drawing the blank into an intermediate workpiece having a tubular portion and a bottom portion closing one end of the tubular portion, and a second process or device for ironing the tubular portion in the axial direction. The second process includes a forward ironing step for placing the workpiece on a first ironing punch and forcing the workpiece and first punch together into a first die hole, to iron the tubular portion in an axial direction from the above one end toward the other end, and a backward ironing step for placing the workpiece on a columnar second ironing punch and forcing the workpiece and second punch together into a second die hole, with a columnar pushing punch held in pressing contact with the outer surface of the bottom portion of the workpiece, to iron the tubular portion in the direction opposite to that in the forward ironing step.

Abstract: A conversion system for converting easy-open can ends has an improved slide assembly capable of handling multiple conveyor belts with improved tension and vibration control. The slide assembly includes a stationary idler shaft mounted transverse to the conveyor axis on a take-up slide. At least two guide pins extend from the shaft parallel to the conveyor axis. Each guide pin mounts a cylindrical bearing holder thereon. The bearing holders are both pivotable and slidable on the guide pins. Springs disposed in pockets in the idler shaft bias the bearing holders. The bearing holders each mount a drum for rotation with the drum.degree. s axis parallel to the idler shaft. The pivoting of the bearing holders accommodates conveyor belt camber while the sliding permits tension adjustment and control.

Abstract: A sliding bearing assembly for a press die set includes a guide post having at least two external grooves disposed parallel to the post axis, each of which has two flat surfaces oriented at 90 degrees to one another. A guide bushing is slidably mounted on the post by guide blocks and a retainer assembly. The guide bushing includes a number of guide blocks equal to the number of grooves in the guide post, and each has a groove opposed to a corresponding groove in the post. The retainer assembly, which is positioned within the guide bushing, includes at least two cross roller bearings, one for each groove on the guide post, mounted on a generally circular frame. The roller bearings are mounted on the frame with the axes of the rollers at such an angle relative to the plane of the frame that the rollers run along the aligned opposed grooves in the guide post and guide blocks.

Abstract: Attachment for a power source such as a rotary drill equipped with a forward (clockwise) and reverse (counterclockwise) feature. Such attachment can be fixedly secured to a power source. The turning power of the chosen power source drives the enlongated cylindrical body with the attached self-drilling sheet metal screw causing it to automatically engage onto or disengage itself from a work piece. A strike washer and a stop member placed on the opposite ends of each other and a weighted impact member which is manually slided along the enlongated cylindrical body and driven into contact with either mentioned members. The force of the impact will either pull outwardly the damaged area of a sheet metal work piece to which the tool is attached or push it inwards depending upon the direction of the applied impact in order to return it to its original contour.

Abstract: A tool for tuning an engine having a fuel injector unit with a follower and a body with a flange portion protruding outward from the body, includes a support structure having a follower contact surface, a plunger member slidably connected to the support structure, for bearing against the flange portion, a light source connected to a power source, a circuit for delivering electric current from the power source to the light source, and a switch which closes the circuit when the plunger member is moved to a predetermined position, and opens the circuit when the plunger member moves out of the predetermined position. The support structure preferably includes a tubular housing having two ends and which receives the plunger member in one end. A spring is preferably provided for biasing the plunger member in an extended position relative to the support structure. The follower contact surface preferably includes an outward projecting arm member, including a plate having a recess for receiving the top of the follower.

Abstract: A calibration system and method for calibrating a medical sensor (16) that monitors chemical blood gases. A calibrator (12) is used in connection with a tray (14) in which the medical sensor is stored in a sterile environment, both before and during the calibration process. The medical sensor is immersed in a liquid (30) in a tonometry chamber (28) defined in the tray and covered by a membrane (120/122) that is permeable to gas, but impermeable to bacteria. During the calibration process, the tray is inserted into the calibrator, bringing a heated platen (26) into contact with the tonometry chamber, so that the liquid can be heated to a calibration temperature substantially equal to the temperature at which the medical sensor will subsequently be used. A first calibration gas is then bubbled through the liquid until a saturated condition is achieved.

Abstract: A first vehicle body speed is calculated based on a wheel rotational speed detected in a speed sensor for an object wheel. The largest value of speeds based on the wheel rotational speeds detected in speed sensors for four wheels is corrected by a correction value based on an inner and outer wheel speed difference during the turning of a vehicle so as to calculate a second vehicle body speed for every object wheel. A higher one of the first and second vehicle body speeds is selected as an estimated vehicle body speed for use in the anti-lock control for the object wheel. This enables a substantially accurate estimation of an estimated vehicle body speed during the turning of the vehicle.

Abstract: Disclosed is an exhaust oxygen sensor including a component requiring electricity to operate such as a heater or oxygen electrode. The first electrical terminal is provided in electrical contact with the component and wherein the electrical terminal has at least one male prong. The second electrical terminal in electrical contact with a wire for delivering electrical power from an external source is also provided. The second electrical terminal has at least one female connector or receptacle. The male prong and the female connector are constructed and arranged so at least one of the first and second electrical terminals is removable with respect to the other terminal. The sensor may include a threaded nut slidably received over a tubular housing, constructed and arranged to be threaded onto a threaded exhaust manifold boss without rotating the housing.

Abstract: This invention relates to a centrifugal apparatus for testing the waterproofness of an article of footwear. The centrifugal apparatus may also be used to test other apparel such as gloves, socks, waders, pants, and hats.

Abstract: This invention is an atomic force microscope having a digitally calculated feedback system which can perform force spectroscopy on a sample in order to map out the local stiffness of the sample in addition to providing the topography of the sample. It consists of a three-dimensional piezoelectric scanner, scanning either the sample of a force sensor. The force sensor is a contact type with a tip mounted on a cantilever and a sensor to detect the deflection of the lever at the tip. The signal from the sensor goes to an A-D convertor and is then processed by high-speed digital electronics to control the vertical motion of the sample or sensor. In operation, the digital electronics raise and lower the piezoelectric scanner during the scan to increase and decrease the force of the tip on the sample and to use the sensor signal to indicate the change in height of the tip to measure the which is the spring constant of the sample. This constant can be determined with nanometer spatial resolution.

Abstract: A cylinder pressure sensor of the annular insert type disposed within an access well to measure the flexure of a first wall relative to a second wall along a response axis has low-cost components thereof requiring only simple sequential assembly in axial stacked fashion providing contaminant protection and electrical shielding of the sensing element.

Abstract: A test strip for measuring film build on a plastic piece includes a desired length of tape having an adhesive coating on an inner surface and a window. A paint strip of sufficient area to cover the window is secured to the tape by the adhesive. A backing formed from material easily peeled from the adhesive is removed when the tape is mounted on a piece prior to painting. After painting, the test strip is peeled away from the piece so that the paint strip can be separated from the tape, analyzed and stored.

Abstract: Apparatus and methods are provided for measuring a parameter of a hydrocarbon-bearing well fluid sample while the sample is still in place in the well and at downhole pressure and temperature conditions. A tool is lowered into the well to a downhole location. A well fluid sample is trapped in the tool at the downhole location. While the tool remains within the well, the volume of the well fluid sample is expanded while repeatedly measuring the pressure of the trapped well fluid sample at different volumes and thereby generating pressure versus volume data for the trapped well fluid sample. From this data, various parameters such as bubble-point pressure and compressibility of the sample can be readily obtained. The apparatus is suited for drawing and testing multiple samples in succession. After each sample is tested, it is expelled from the tool so that another sample can be taken. The data can be stored for subsequent analysis at the surface or it can be transmitted to the surface for real time analysis.