Abstract: The invention relates to a differential-brake group for vehicle driving axles. On two supports (31) of a frame (3) the box (5) of a transmission (4) is rotatably mounted, with rotation freedom, the transmission (4) being predisposed for the transmission of drive to two half-shafts (2). Two braking devices (6) are associated to the walls (31), one for each half-shaft (2), which braking devices (6) form a single block with a sort of cover (32) peripherally equipped with a flange (33). In a seating made in the cover (32) the end part (8) of the drive input shaft into the differential is supported by use of bearings. The whole group is conformed in order to be insertable through an aperture (7) in an axle (1) and in order to be fixable to the axle (1) by use of a flange (3) .

Abstract: A jib assembly is disclosed, for use with an articulated boom carried by an aerial device, having a compact configuration of components which allows a high degree of freedom in the rotation of the jib in the vertical plane and reduced obstruction of the rotational adjustment of the bucket carrier on the boom in the horizontal plane, relative to existing arrangements. A chain and sprocket arrangement driven by a hydraulic motor powers rotation of the jib coaxially with the bucket shaft and, where a winch is used, with the axis of rotation of the winch. The arrangement simplifies the routing of hydraulic hoses and affords a more compact and less cluttered arrangement of components at the tip of the boom, which has safety advantages in the environment of a tight distribution of power lines, where distances between live and grounded apparatus are small.

Abstract: A scaffolding device (10) having a base member (12). The base member (12) has compression strut (14) articulably mounted to base member (12) as well as a tension strut (20) which may be set either parallel to or perpendicular to the base member (12) with the tension strut (20) set parallel to the base member (12) and the compression strut ( 14).

Abstract: An improved device for safely and effectively securing and stabilizing a ladder placed against a structure and resting upon the ground. The device includes a U-shaped member forming an anchoring pin, an impact area for receiving a driving force, and a handle for easy disengagement of the anchoring pin, for simultaneously engaging both the lowest rung of the ladder and the ground to prevent the ladder from inadvertently displacing across the ground away from the structure. For optimum safety, at least one anchoring pin placed across the center of the lowest ladder rung, or a pair of anchoring pins placed on opposite sides of the lowest rung will secure the ladder against lateral displacement and side-to-side tipping forces.

Abstract: The present invention comprises a platform for an aluminum extension ladder which platform is adjustable upwardly and downwardly, and is pivotable between a pair of side frames, to permit a user's foot a comfortable support, in addition to the ladder rung to which it is attached.

Abstract: A lift has a base frame supported on a pair of screw jacks and a pair of support legs when a multi-stage mast on the lift is to be raised. The support legs are slide mounted in guides and each is downwardly biased away from a control switch on the base frame so that the switch is open unless the leg is loaded by the weight of the lift. A transport carriage is mounted to roll on sloped tracks on the base frame and is connected to the base frame by a hydraulic cylinder unit which functions when activated to pull the carriage downwardly into ground engagement to take the load of the lift from the jacks and support legs. A control circuit prevents the mast from being raised while the lift is supported on the carriage.

Abstract: A Fugitive Emissions Recovery System (FERS) for a Process Gas Compressor Train recovers all process gas leakage from each PGC case by creating a slight vacuum in the PGC lube oil reservoir, the bearing housings on each compressor case, the PGC lube oil reclaimer, and the PGC sour oil holding tank. This vacuum is accomplished without compromising the over-pressure protection of the aforementioned compressor components and without allowing air leakage into the FERS. All recovered PGC seal leakage is routed to a furnace for combustion. A closed-loop lubrication system is used.

Abstract: A mounting for applying lubrication to the flanges of locomotive truck wheels comprising bearing brackets attached to the journal boxes at either end of an axle and projecting upward therefrom, a hinge plate rotatably attached to the top of each bearing bracket, a floating arm rotatably attached at each of its ends to the top of the hinge plates, and a lubrication stick applicator with lubrication stick attached to each end of the floating arm with the lubrication stick in contact with the flange of each of the wheels on the axle.

Abstract: A pedal actuated brake system is provided for retrofitting onto a multi-speed bicycle so that back pedaling applies the brakes. A decoupler disengages the front chain sprocket from the crank when reverse-rotated to prevent application of the brakes when the bike backs up. The system may be used in addition to or in place of the existing hand brakes.

Abstract: An eddy current retarder for an automotive vehicle braking system including an annular fixed frame defining a hollow chamber is disposed internally of a brake drum, a pair of transversely adjacent parallel support rings disposed in the chamber of the fixed frame, one of the support rings being fixed to the frame and the other being rotatable to permit relative angular movement therebetween. Each support ring supports a plurality of permanent magnets circumferentially spaced apart at a given pitch and having outwardly facing alternating polarities. Ferromagnetic plates circumferentially spaced apart at the given pitch are embedded in an outer wall of the fixed frame between the magnets and the brake drum. The ferromagnetic plates have central portions thicker than transversely projecting end portions.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for absorbing mechanical shock is disclosed. The apparatus comprises a pressure cylinder forming a working chamber having first and second portions operable to store damping fluid. The apparatus further comprises the first valve for controlling the flow of damping fluid between the first and second portions of the working chamber during compression of the shock absorber. In addition, the apparatus further comprises a pressure chamber in fluid communication with the first portion of the working chamber and the first valve. A solenoid is also provided for regulating the flow of damping fluid between the pressure chamber and the second portion of the working chamber. A second valve is further provided for controlling the flow of damping fluid between the first and second portions of the working chamber during rebound of the shock absorber.

Abstract: A suspension system for motor vehicles is disposed between body (1) and wheel (2) and is provided with a damper (4) with integrated resonance dampers (40, 48) for improved insulation of transmission of road unevenness to the body. The resonance damper is formed in that the casing (40) of the damper (4) forms a moving mass m.sub.40 between the body (1) and the wheel (2), the casing being connected to the wheel via a spring (48) harmonized with the mass m.sub.40. The pistons (41, 42) of the damper are connected via piston rods (43, 44, respectively) to the body (1) and the wheel (2), respectively.

Abstract: A viscoelastic substance which is useful in an objective lens driving apparatus has magnetic particles dispersed therein for generating a force for restoring deformation of the viscoelastic substance when an external force acts upon the viscoelastic substance in the presence of an external magnetic field.

Abstract: For the protection of an automatized friction clutch of a motor vehicle it is proposed, by means of a computer device (23) to compute periodically data for the instantaneous friction performance of the clutch (5) and to add them up in several also periodically actualized time window stores. The time window stores have different time windows and correspondingly store a range of friction work mean values. Associated with the individual time window stores are respectively several limit values, the magnitude is additionally a function of the air temperature of a clutch casing (37) surrounding the clutch (5). A computer device (23), depending upon the temperature measured by means of a temperature sensor (35) and upon the limit values ruling for this temperature, institutes graded protective measures. For safety reasons, none of the protective measures completely prevents the operativeness of the clutch (5).

Abstract: A torque converter has a continuous slip bypass clutch with multiple friction plates one of which is directly coupled to the inside diameter of the front cover of the torque converter and another of which is directly coupled to a hub connected to the output shaft of the converter and wherein the bypass clutch is activated when there is excessive torque converter slip so as to engage plural friction surfaces on the multiple friction plates for providing a heat resistant slip connection between the front cover and the output shaft.

Abstract: This invention provides automatic and reliable determination of the touch point of a clutch controlled by an automatic clutch actuation controller. This invention determines the touch point while idling the engine, with the transmission in neutral and an inertial brake applied. The clutch actuation controller engages the clutch so that the measured transmission input speed matches a reference speed signal preferably between 40% and 60% of the idle speed. This reliably provides the degree of clutch engagement at a small torque matching the braking torque. When the transmission input speed is within a predetermined amount of the reference speed signal, such as 4%, this invention determines the clutch touch point corresponding to the degree of clutch engagement. This degree of clutch engagement may be a clutch position signal or a clutch pressure signal produced by an existing sensor used in the automatic clutch control.

Abstract: A sprag retainer includes a cross member central portion which is biased into contact with an inner peripheral surface of an outer race. The central portion is spaced slightly radially outwardly from axial ends of the retainer. Thus, only the central portion contacts the outer race. The axial ends provide pilot diameters to ensure that the retainer is properly inserted into the outer race. The cross member forms a spring-like structure also assisting in the insertion of the retainer.

Abstract: There is disclosed a frictional member, or ring, which is substituted for the conventional friction linings and marcel of an automotive clutch. The frictional ring is preferably a monolithic member which has recesses that receive support brackets which attach the frictional ring to the clutch disc. Preferably, the frictional ring includes spring biased islands which permit a phased or progressive engagement of the disc between the pressure plate and flywheel.

Abstract: A vehicle powershift transmission has a lube oil passage which communicates lube oil to a clutch pack. Communication of lube oil is controlled as a function of the engagement state of the clutch pack. The hydraulic control pressure required to initially engage the clutch pack is determined or calibrated by a method wherein the lube oil pressure is monitored while the clutch control pressure is gradually increased. When the lube oil pressure reaches a certain level corresponding to clutch pack engagement, the current value of the control pressure is saved as the calibration pressure.

Abstract: A synchronizer ring for performing synchronous sliding operation with and separating operation from a rotating object member, comprises a ring body having a sliding surface slidable in contact with the object member and a copper alloy flame-coated film formed on the sliding surface. The copper alloy flame-coated film has a Zn equivalent of 40 to 65, a surface porosity of 5 to 30 volume % and a thickness of 70 to 200 .mu.m. The copper alloy flame-coated film also may have a surface roughness (Rz) of 20 to 60 .mu.m, and a ceramic content of 5 to 30 weight %.

Abstract: A friction liner for a motor vehicle clutch friction plate comprises a metallic support plate overlaid with a pad of friction material. The surface of the metallic support plate on which the pad of friction material is overlaid is smaller than the working surface of the pad, thus reducing the detrimental effects of deformation of the friction liner resulting from its heating.

Abstract: A method/system for updating, between system calibration operations, the value (134') of a monitored control parameter corresponding to clutch incipient engagement is provided. At calibration, the initial values of the parameter corresponding to full engagement (124), incipient engagement (130) and the difference therebetween (132) are determined, and thereafter, the updated value of the parameter corresponding to clutch incipient engagement is determined as a function of a current value (124') of the parameter corresponding to clutch full engagement and the memorized value of the difference (132).

Abstract: A roller type material rack comprises a base frame, two receiving mounts, and two rollers. The rollers are pivoted respectively to the receiving mounts for holding the material. The receiving mounts are pivoted symmetrically to the base frame such that the receiving mounts can be located at a predetermined position. The receiving mounts can be therefore adjusted to hold the materials having various shapes and sizes.

Abstract: A vending machine has an outer housing with a hollow interior and a manual retrieval opening. At least one tray is removably supported by the housing inside the interior thereof. The tray has a plurality of storage bins, each bin being dimensioned for receiving a plurality of items to be dispensed. Each bin has a movably actuable mechanism for ejecting a single unit of the item therefrom. A manually operable coin mechanism is mounted to an exterior of the housing for receiving a predetermined number and size of coins. Insertion of the proper coins into the coin mechanism permits a single actuation thereof through a predefined range of motion. A manually operable selector mechanism is mounted to the exterior of the housing for designating the item to be dispensed when moved into engagement with the ejecting mechanism of a preselected one of the plurality of storage bins.

Abstract: A coin validator has a thickness sensor formed by two coils positioned one on each side of the coin path. The coil outputs are processed separately to derive values which, when combined, produce a thickness-indicating measurement which is independent of coin position. Each output may be processed to give values which are linearly dependent upon coin position with the same constant of proportionality. Alternatively, one output is scaled relative to the other to an extent dependent upon the thickness for which the coin is to be tested, so that the thickness-indicating measurement does not vary significantly over a region which corresponds to a likely maximum variation in the position of coins of that thickness.

Abstract: The emergency brake for a passenger conveyor such as an escalator or moving walkway is provided with a brake force adjustment assembly which will supply a braking force that is proportional to the passenger load imposed on the main drive motor of the conveyor at any point in time. Thus, if the conveyor is lightly or heavily loaded with passengers, the emergency brake force will be automatically proportionally decreased or increased so that, in the event of an emergency stop condition, the braking force applied to the drive sprocket axle will be sufficient to stop movement of the conveyor within the predetermined time period that is preprogrammed into the conveyor controller.

Abstract: A tread element for a moving pavement or an escalator has a tread plate adapted to receive the person to be transported. The tread plate has a nosing secured to it along at least one of its longitudinal edges. In one embodiment, the nosing is secured to the tread plate by a longitudinal hook engaging the underside of the tread plate, a plurality of plugs passing through slots in the tread plate and secured underneath by stops such as a clamp-ring, and a plurality of centering projections which engage under a portion of the tread plate along the upper surface. The compact step is a single die-casting, which does not have to be completely removed and replaced in the event of breakage of the tread plate ribbing in the outer zone of the tread plate.

Abstract: An article storage carousel is disclosed featuring automatic conveyor loading and unloading. A conveyor is provided for transporting articles along a fixed path between an upstream location and a downstream location. A vertical carriage accumulates a plurality of articles for subsequent transfer to a temporary storage location. A storage carousel receives the plurality of articles for temporary storage and subsequent retrieval and discharge to the conveyor. If required, an alignment and guide housing can be provided between the vertical carriage and storage carousel to compensate for any slight vertical misalignment between the vertical carriage and storage carousel.

Abstract: This invention relates to an overhead work suspension conveyor for conveying a piece of work, for example, a tailgate to a main body in an assembly line of a vehicle main body. An object of this invention is to efficiently and surely hold plural kinds of work pieces of different configurations in a suspended position and to permit their easy loading on a work conveyance mechanism. This invention therefore provides an overhead work suspension conveyor comprising a traverser main body, plural spindles turnably supported relative to the traverser main body, plural work support members fixed at upper ends thereof on the spindles and having work supports at lower ends thereof, said work supports being turnable responsive to turning of the corresponding spindles to support a piece of work at an outer periphery thereof, and a spindle drive mechanism arranged on the traverser main body and adapted to selectively turn the spindle depending on the kind of the work piece.

Abstract: A transport system for mutually independent caddies carrying bobbins or bobbin tubes and having base plates, includes one transport path and another transport path entering the one transport path at a converging point. Moving surfaces, in particular surfaces of conveyor belts, carry the caddies along the transport paths by frictional engagement, with the caddies standing on the base plates. At least one additional contact surface is disposed at the converging point for touching a caddy passing through the converging point and imposing an additional motion component upon the caddy.

Abstract: The invention relates to a rail for accommodating and guiding a conveyor for transporting goods hanging on hangers. The conveyor may be a roller chain which travels and is guided in a chain channel in the rail. The tips of the hanger hooks rest on the roller chain. The chain channel is recessed with respect to the top side of the rail, which faces the hanger hook, and a conical groove extends upward from the roller chain and opens upward toward the outside of the rail. These features make it possible to transport the hanger hooks on their tips. The bevel which is formed by the conical groove, as well as the shape of the rail and the relative positions of the chain channel and the side edge of the rail, ensure that the hanger hook always slides in a well-defined position and orientation on the roller chain regardless of how it has been placed on the conveyor.

Abstract: An optical inspection system (10) has a conveyor belt (18) that turns at a non-rotating turning bar (22). An inner surface (20) of the conveyor belt contacts a turning surface (22T) of the turning bar. A reservoir (60) for holding a lubricant (62), such as water, is formed by a free surface (22F) of the turning bar, two reservoir side walls (54, 56), a free surface (52F) of a feed bar (52), and a lower surface (58). The feed bar has orifices (69) for discharge of the lubricant into the reservoir and is connected to a source of lubricant subject to volume regulation. When the conveyor belt is in operation, the volume of lubricant supplied to the reservoir keeps the line of contact (22L) between the inner surface and the turning surface covered with lubricant. Rods (64, 66) regulate the flow of lubricant so as to maintain adequate coverage with lubricant of the region (46) where the conveyor belt turns over the turning bar and of the line of contact between the inner surface and the turning surface.

Abstract: A travel monitor for a rectangular sludge conveyor having a plurality of scrapers attached to and driven by a pair of chains, each of which is formed in a closed loop having an upper run. A pair of detector sprockets independently engage and are driven by the upper runs. Switches positioned adjacent the sprockets create a series of pulses in response to their rotation. The phase difference between the series of pulses resulting from rotation of the sprockets is detected, and a misalignment alarm is activated when the phase difference exceeds a predetermined amount.

Abstract: A chain having a plurality of block links each including longitudinally spaced apart ends each of which has a pivot pin receiving first bore therethrough of a first diameter. The chain also has a plurality of connecting links each including longitudinally spaced pivot pins mounted in the block link first bores for articulatively interconnecting the ends of adjacent block links. The pivot pins have a close tolerance fit in the first bores to form a chain that extends along a straight line of travel. The chain further has at least one flight attachment link having a flight attachment support and longitudinally spaced leading and trailing ends pivotally connected between adjacent connecting links of the chain.

Abstract: A quick-disconnect lug for transporting cartons along the conveyor of a cartoning machine. The lug includes a base member for attachment to studs extending from the endless chain of the conveyor. The base member preferably has a pair of slots or recesses extending upwardly from its bottom edge for receiving the studs. A latch member is pivotally attached to the base member and includes a hooked end that acts to firmly engage one of the studs in a slot to lock the lug onto the conveyor chain. A spring member on the latch arm keeps the hooked end in a normally closed position to retain the hooked stud in a locked position. The pivot point of the latch member is positioned between the lever end and the hooked end of the spring member. The lever end may be moved downwardly to pivot the hooked end of the spring member out of the recess to allow a stud to be engaged or disengaged from the recess during machine set-up or changeover. Lugs are reset quickly and without tools.

Abstract: The package of the invention includes cup-shaped bottom and a cover sealed thereto, both being transparent and of a rigid material. A storage solution and a contact lens are contained within the package. The package includes means for determining the diameter of the lens therein and since it is transparent, the lens can be visually examined for defects.

Abstract: A package to display paper items having a rigid panel for reinforcing the items and a display folder with a pair of pockets for receiving the reinforced items. The folder has two partially overlapping pockets with diagonally oriented openings which are in oblique facing relation to one another. The package is assembled by inserting the item, backed by the reinforcing panel, into one of the pockets of the folder. The front pocket surface of the folder defines a uniformly colored triangular field to which a contrastingly colored decorative object is affixed. The diagonally bordered field and contrasting decorative object enhance the visibility of large irregularly patterned items inserted in the front pocket. Smaller display items are placed in staggered overlapping arrangement against the reinforcing panel and inserted in the rear pocket of the folder. In this configuration, the decorative object is centrally located at the intersection of the pocket openings.

Abstract: A cylindrical vanity case comprises mainly a case cover, a left case body, a right case body, and a mirror frame. The left case body, the right case body and the mirror frame are pivotally attached so that they can be turned to spread out. The cylindrical vanity case is provided with cellular compartments and slots for keeping therein a variety of cosmetics, such as eye shadow powder, rouge, lipstick, powder cake, eye colorstick, mascara, lip brush, brow brush, etc. The cylindrical vanity case is compact and can be carried easily and conveniently.

Abstract: A water and dirt protective, camcorder, shooting case comprises an enclosure. The enclosure comprises an outer structure that substantially encapsulates the camcorder and minimizes damage from adverse environmental elements and from harmful shock and impact from external objects, while allowing camcorder shooting with the enclosed camcorder. The enclosure includes interconnected folding end frames, tension members for allowing the enclosure to be adjustable from a collapsed, flexible, folded arrangement to an erect, tensioned and semi-rigid arrangement, which semi-rigid arrangement serves to minimize said damage. The enclosure also comprises a water and snow resistant, a dirt and dust protective, and a shock and impact protective material to effect minimizing said damage.

Abstract: A tackle box having rotating tray compartments mounted about a center post and adapted to close and to fit within the circular top opening of a bucket, has a lifting ring on the center post for selectively removing the tackle box and has a sliding lid for selectively opening and closing the tackle box to provide access to the tray compartments.

Abstract: Generally planar component carrier plates and loading plates include a framework having a perimeter portion and an interior portion having an array of component passageways. A resilient layer is positioned parallel to the interior portion and is provided with component apertures collinear with corresponding component passageways for resiliently gripping components. The component carrier and loading plates are non-rectangular, and have three or more axes of symmetry in the plane of the framework. Component carrier and loading plates are also provided with handling and alignment bores and recesses.

Abstract: The invention proposes a disposable multi-vessel receptacle having a plurality of vertically oriented hollow vessels for the receipt of laparoscopic instruments. Planar top and bottom retainers are used to rigidly retain the hollow vessels in a fixed, laterally spaced-apart relationship. The retainers and hollow vessels comprise an internal assembly. The internal assembly is contained within an exterior enclosure. Flaps are provided on the exterior enclosure as a means for enclosing the internal assembly from the outside environment, and thus maintain internal sterility. Prior to packaging and distribution for use, the multi-vessel receptacle and its contents are thoroughly sterilized.

Abstract: A single-piece protective end cap for insertion into the ends of a tube of rolled sheet material to protect and contain the exposed edges of the rolled sheet material and reinforce the ends of the tube has a central panel with hingedly attached intermediate panels foldable to extend substantially perpendicular to the central panel to collectively form a tubular section with longitudinal edges coincident with the inside surface of the tube for holding the end cap firmly in the end of the tube, and outer panels hingedly attached to the intermediate panels and foldable to extend substantially perpendicular thereto and parallel the central panel to provide a peripheral lip around the tubular section which contains and protects the exposed edges of the sheet material when the end cap tubular section is inserted into the end of the tube.

Abstract: A package for a medical specimen slide formed by a sheet foldable to a packaged condition has end panels and side panels joined to a central base portion of the sheet, each end panel having corner portions foldable to a crush resistant configuration so as to support the end panels and the side panels away from contact with the specimen slide. The package sheet also has a slide retainer consisting of two cuts in the sheet spaced to define a retaining band under which is inserted the specimen slide for retention to the package sheet.

Abstract: A cartridge containing a stack of samplers, dispensed one by one through an end slot in the cartridge and a display case to contain a plurality of such cartridges together with identifying indicia and actual product and a unitized structure constituting a display case formed with a plurality of integral chambers each structured to function in the manner of said cartridge.

Abstract: Method for processing vegetable, fruit and garden waste, indicated as VFG-waste, in which, after a pre-sorting has taken place, the waste (3) is brought into a washing-separating device (4), in which, with the help of water, the waste is separated into a coarse organic fraction (6) which is composted and into a residual fraction (7). The coarse fraction contains particles larger than 2 up to 4 mm. The residual fraction (7) is separated into an inert fraction (11) for recovering sand (13) therefrom, and into a fraction (15) consisting of liquid containing a fine organic fraction (17) and substances dissolved and colloidally divided in the liquid. The fraction (15), obtained from the residual fraction (7) after removing the inert fraction (11) therefrom, is subjected to an anaerobic stabilization.

Abstract: A hydrocyclone plant comprises a multiplicity of hydrocyclones arranged in groups of at least two hydrocyclones, each group being made in a single piece. The hydrocyclones extend substantially radially in an annular space for a liquid mixture to be separated. The inlet space extends concentrically around a cylindrical heavy fraction space for receiving a heavy fraction of the liquid mixture from the hydrocyclones. According to the invention, the hydrocyclone groups are distributed around the cylindrical heavy fraction space in the circumferential direction and are spaced from one another in the inlet space to allow the liquid mixture to flow between adjacent hydrocyclone groups.

Abstract: A media recovery hopper which lies on a floor permitting spent media and debris to be swept thereinto. The hopper, in the preferred embodiment, is a substantially rectangular box having one of its four side walls shorter than the rest. The media/debris is swept over this shorter side wall while the other walls collect and "queue" the mixture for recovery. The mixture falls through a screen and into a channeling mechanism composed of a series of ridges and valleys. Along each valley are drop-orifices which permit the media/debris mixture to fall therethrough and into an air-stream which carries the mixture to proper collection or sorting mechanism.

Abstract: An apparatus and process for screening a product grade of particulate matter from a feed-stream of particulate matter is provided. Specifically, the apparatus is a vibration screening action machine which vibrates, including motion having a component thereof perpendicular to the plane of the screen deck, at least one screen deck having a mesh defining the lower limit of the product grade. Such vibration screening action machine is optimized for ensuring the throughput of particulate fines through the mesh defining the lower limit of the product grade and thus substantially removing particulate fines from the product grade by setting the screen deck at a relatively low angle, as measured from horizontal, of less than 15 degrees.

Abstract: An apparatus for measuring the capacitance of tablets of varying shapes and sizes by conveying the tablets along a curved path which includes a zone of travel between the plates of a capacitive sensing device. The tablets are conveyed in a relatively fixed orientation by constructing a guide channel including a fixedly-positioned curved guide spaced away from a rotatable disk, and wherein a resilient clamp is provided above the guide channel so as to compress the tablet against the rotatable disk during its path of travel.