Abstract: A multi-tool bonder having a plurality of die heads flexibly mounted on a conveyor which spaces and moves the heads along a path which includes a plurality of die processing stations. An alignment mechanism is provided at each stationary processing station for aligning the head at a fixed position along the path at the station. A controller controls the conveyor to position the plurality of heads at the stations and controls operation of the heads at the stations.

Abstract: An apparatus has first and second loading means, and first and second rolls each obtained by winding a strip-like material are loaded on the first and second loading means. A detection means detects an end indication tape adhered to a trailing end portion of the strip-like material of the roll. A cutting/unrolling means automatically unrolls the strip-like material from the roll, and cuts the leading and trailing end portions of the strip-like material to form the leading and trailing ends. The unrolled strip-like material is guided along a predetermined path by a guide means. A joining station is arranged midway along the guide path. One strip-like material is fed through the joining station by a feeding means, and the leading end portion of the other strip-like material is stopped and stands by at the joining station.

Abstract: A pair of plastic tubes are welded together by mounting each tube in the clamp jaws of a holder. A heated wafer is movably mounted in the gap between the tubes to cause the ends of the tubes to melt. The melted ends of the opposed tubes are pressed into contact with each other to form a welded connection. Each side of the wafer has a scoop to remove excess plastic material at the ends of the tubes to control the size of the weld connection. A pair of structural cam elements is used to create a precise spacing between each set of clamp jaws for guiding the wafer to control the plastic volume of the weld. The resulting weld is independent of rheology of plastic. The same device could also be used for disconnect purposes by cutting through a single tube and forming two tube sections. Unique double jaw construction is also disclosed.

Abstract: This invention relates to a device for producing smart cards, characterized in that it comprises a station (1) for milling recesses in batches of plastic cards associated with a station (3) for inlaying integrated circuits in said recesses, said milled cards being conveyed from milling station (1) to inlaying station (3) by a transfer system (2) making possible an adaptation to the speed differences of the stations (1, 3) and to the positioning differences of these stations (1, 3).

Abstract: Business forms are sealed by pressure with reduced tenting and pillowing. Each form has a strip of pressure sensitive adhesive of a predetermined width. In an automatic continuous, sequential manner, upper and lower rollers operatively biased together by spring pressure activate the pressure sensitive adhesive to affix one part of the form to another. The force applied by the rollers is applied only to the approximate area of the predetermined width of the adhesive, not over the whole form. Conveyor tapes are associated with the rollers to facilitate conveyance of the forms, and a pressure of about 120 lbs. per lineal inch is applied to the pressure sensitive adhesive. A buckle or insert folder can be used to fold the forms, and they are then fed to a first pressure sealing module. A 90.degree. transfer conveyor conveys the forms from the first pressure sealing module to a second module, and from the second module they are removed by a discharge conveyor.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for enhancing the nucleation of diamond by pretreating a substrate by electrically biasing a diamond film adjacent the substrate while exposing the substrate and the thus biased diamond film to a carbon-containing plasma. The bias pretreatment may be maintained for a time period in the range of about 1 hour to 2 hours to achieve a high diamond nucleation density. Alternatively, the biasing may be continued until diamond film formation is indicated by a change in reflectivity of the surface of the substrate. The biasing pretreating may be used to nucleate diamond heteroepitaxially on a substrate having a surface film formed of a material having a relatively close lattice match to diamond, such as .beta.-silicon carbide. The apparatus includes a laser reflection interferometer to monitor the surface of the substrate.

Abstract: A high frequency, high voltage spark generator is used to create a large number of sparks to erode the surface of a silicon wafer to a depth of up to 100 microns. After a sufficient amount of erosion has occurred, but prior to any macro-scale removal of material, the surface layer of the silicon wafer becomes porous and photoluminescing. The method can be performed in ambient atmosphere and temperature, or in specific gas atmospheres and at different temperatures. The method produces photoluminescing porous silicon layers on p-type, n-type, low-doped, high-doped or undoped silicon wafers.

Abstract: Quartz sections having a surface condition as polished as possible are prepared by controlled dissolution by placing said quartz sections in a bath of a quartz solvent or a mixture of solvents, wherein the bath is basic and comprises an alkaline hydroxide or fluoride, or ammonium hydroxide, or a mixture of these compounds; and conducting controlled dissolution of the quartz sections at atmospheric pressure.

Abstract: A dry etching method for etching an SiO.sub.2 interlayer insulation film 4 formed on an Si.sub.2 N.sub.4 underlying film 3 using an S.sub.2 F.sub.2 /N.sub.2 mixed gas. While the etching proceeds by way of F* and SF.sub.x.sup.+ yielded from S.sub.2 F.sub.2, atoms yielded similarly from S.sub.2 F.sub.2 and N atoms yielded from N.sub.2 are combined with each other, thus yielding sulfur nitride based compounds such as polythiazyl (SN).sub.x to be deposited on pattern sidewall surfaces. When the Si.sub.3 N.sub.4 underlying film 3 is exposed, N atoms in the film and S atoms in a plasma are combined to form (SN).sub.x. These (SN).sub.x in a gaseous phase and on solid surface protect wafer surfaces, improving selectivity. It is also possible to etch the SiO.sub.2 interlayer insulation film with an Si.sub.3 N.sub.4 mask, achieving high selectivity to the mask.

Abstract: To prevent after-corrosion of wiring or electrodes formed by patterning films of aluminum or an alloy thereof by reactive ion etching (RIE) using an etchant containing chlorine gas or its gaseous compounds, residual chlorine on the surface of the wiring or electrodes is removed by exposing it to a plasma generated in an atmosphere containing water vapor or to neutral active species extracted from the plasma. This treatment is performed either at the same time or after an ashing operation, an operation for removing a resist mask used in the aforesaid RIE by adding water vapor to an atmosphere containing oxygen. To perform the latter separate treatment, an automatic processing system is disclosed in which an after-treatment apparatus for removing residual chlorine is connected, via a second load lock chamber, to an ashing apparatus connected to a RIE apparatus by a load lock chamber which is capable of making a vacuum.

Abstract: The present invention provides both method and apparatus for patterning a metal layer through a mask layer. A substrate or wafer having a metal layer covered by a mask layer is first placed into a chamber for processing. An etch plasma is then created over the substrate by applying energy into the chamber with an RF energy source while a gas flow is supplied into the chamber. The gas flow preferably includes chloroform and chlorine in a predetermined ratio of flow rates. By application of the process and the means for performing the process, optimal sidewall profiles for both dense and isolated metal lines can be achieved on a single die in a single process step. Specifically, dense metal lines are etched with vertical sidewalls and isolated metal lines are etched with sloped sidewalls.

Abstract: Method for the treatment of cellulosic pulp in which pulp is distributed upward through a vertical reactor using a unique conical distributor and is discharged using a unique dilution method to eliminate plugging. The system is particularly useful for delignifying virgin wood pulps or decolorizing pulps made from waste paper materials.

Abstract: Multi-ply facial tissue paper products comprising chemical softener compositions and a combination of a wet strength binder, permanent and/or temporary, and a dry strength binder is disclosed.The multi-ply facial tissue paper products contain a chemical softening composition comprising a mixture of a quaternary ammonium compound and a polyhydroxy compound. Preferred quaternary ammonium compounds include dialkyl dimethyl ammonium salts such as di(hydrogenated)tallow dimethyl ammonium chloride and/or di(hydrogenated)tallow dimethyl ammonium methyl sulfate. Preferred polyhydroxy compounds are selected from the group consisting of glycerol, polyglycerols having a weight average molecular weight of from about 150 to about 800, polyoxyethylene glycols and polyoxypropylene glycols having a weight average molecular weight from about 200 to 1000.

Abstract: The wet strength of cellulosic paper is improved by adding the combination of an amine-functional poly(vinyl alcohol) and a cellulose reactive size which is a 4 or 5 membered cyclic ester or anhydride having alkyl or alkenyl substituents of 4 or more carbon atoms. The amine-functional polymer is preferably a hydrolyzed copolymer of vinyl acetate and N-vinylformamide in which about 1-25 mole % of the monomer units are incorporated N-vinylformamide, and the cellulose reactive size is preferably an alkyl ketene dimer or an alkenyl succinic anhydride. A paper product is provided having improved wet-strength and containing normally 0.05 to 4.0 wt % based on the dry pulp of the additive amine-functional polymer and cellulose reactive size. The particular compounds which represent the polymer and the size cooperate to provide improvements in wet-tensile strength for paper which could not have been foreseen from the effects of either material acting alone.

Abstract: In a known method of rebuilding a conventional tissue machine having a conventional C-wrap type twin wire forming section to a TAD machine, a TAD section, which includes a looped TAD fabric (24) and at least one TAD cylinder (22) located inside of the TAD fabric loop for thermally predrying the formed paper web (13) by passing hot air through the web, is incorporated in the machine.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method and device in the draw of a paper web for reduction and equalization of transverse shrinkage of the paper web in the drying section of a paper machine. The lateral areas of the wire running in conjunction with the paper web are provided with a coating adhesion means, whereby, by means of the coating adhesion means, at the drying stage an adhesion force is produced between the lateral areas of the wire and of the paper to prevent transverse shrinkage of the paper web.

Abstract: A method for recovering 1,4-butanediol from a hydrolysate obtained by hydrolyzing diacetoxybutane, by (1) supplying the hydrolysate to a first distillation column, distilling off substantially all the amounts of water and acetic acid as the top stream from the first distillation column, and supplying a bottom liquid to a second distillation column, (2) distilling off diacetoxybutane and hydroxyacetoxybutane as the top or upper side stream from of the second distillation column, and circulating the distillates to a hydrolysis zone, while withdrawing crude 1,4-butanediol as a lower side stream in vapor phase from the second distillation column, (3) supplying the crude 1,4-butanediol and hydrogen gas to a hydrogenation reaction zone packed with a hydrogenation catalyst, and (4) supplying the hydrogenation reaction product to a third distillation column, distilling off low boiling point components and withdrawing 1,4-butanediol as the bottom or side stream from the third distillation column.

Abstract: Process for isolating dimethyl 4,4'-biphenyldicarboxylate from residues of DMT production, which includes first distilling the residues at a pressure of at most 7 mbar at a boiler temperature from 200.degree. to 350.degree. C., subsequently treating the distillate which distills over in the range from 230.degree. to 270.degree. C. at a pressure of, for example, 0.2 mbar for from 10 to 60 minutes with 0.7 to 10 times the amount of an organic solvent at a temperature from 70.degree. to 180.degree. C., if required, separating the clear solution from undissolved components, cooling the removed clear solution to a temperature from 45.degree. to 65.degree. C. and allowing it to crystallize at this temperature, resulting in a suspension of dimethyl 4,4'-biphenyldicarboxylate crystals from which the crystals are isolated by washing one or more times with the same or a different solvent and by drying.

Abstract: Ethyl benzene is difficult to separate from o-xylene by conventional distillation or rectification because of the closeness of their boiling points. Ethyl benzene can be readily separated from o-xylene by extractive distillation. Effective agents are phenol, cresols, nitrotoluenes and cyclododecanol.

Abstract: Sensors (10, 40) accurately measure the concentration of an oxide compound, such as nitrogen oxide NO.sub.x, in a gas mixture (11) which can include oxygen O.sub.2. The sensors (10, 40) each comprise a chamber (12, 42) adapted to receive the gas mixture (11) as well as first and second electrochemical cells (16, 17) for consuming oxygen and/or the oxide compound in the chamber (12, 42). The first electrochemical cell (16) comprises a first internal electrode (16a) inside the chamber (12, 42), a first external electrode (16b) outside the chamber (12, 42), and a first electrolyte body (14') therebetween. The second electrochemical cell (17) comprises a second internal electrode (17a) inside the chamber (12, 42), a second external electrode (17b) outside the chamber (12, 42), and a second electrolyte body (14") therebetween. The first and second electrolyte bodies (14', 14") are permeable to oxygen ions.

Abstract: An oxygen concentration system for producing oxygen from air comprises an electrochemical oxygen generator mounted within an inner housing. The generator has an outer surface and is adapted to extract oxygen from air by an electrochemical reaction. The oxygen generator fits within a inner housing having the form of an annulus. The inner housing is insulated and is spaced from the outer surface of the oxygen generator to create a first passageway. Air in the first passageway is heated by the generator and rises upwardly out of the passageway by means of convection.

Abstract: Removal of SO.sub.2 and NO.sub.x from combustion flue gases is effected to be subjected to irradiation by an electron beam and to the action of microwaves applied in the form of a continuous and/or pulsed stream. The stream of flue gases irradiated by the electron beam in the radiation zone is subjected to the action of microwave energy in the whole cross section of the stream of the flue gases. This results in a decrease in the dose rate "average power of the electron beam" and a reduction in the costs of accelerators while retaining the same removal efficiency. Further, the apparatus for removal of SO.sub.2 and NO.sub.x from combustion flue gases is provided in a radiation process in which a stream of accelerated electrons and microwave energy are used simultaneously.

Abstract: A method for producing an acid and/or an alkali metal hydroxide, from a neutral salt by electrodialysis employing a bipolar membrane and an anion exchange membrane and/or a cation exchange membrane, wherein as the anion exchange membrane, an anion exchange membrane made of a polymer having repeating units of the formula: ##STR1## wherein each of R.sub.1, R.sub.2 and R.sub.3 is a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having up to two carbon atoms, and having an ion-exchange capacity of from 1 to 5 meq/g dry resin, is used.

Abstract: A method of forming a ferroelectric film on a heated support is provided which includes the steps of forming a first layer on the heated support by sputtering a material including lead at a first pressure; and forming a second layer on the first layer by sputtering the material at a second pressure, the second pressure being lower than the first pressure.

Abstract: In a system and method for enhancing chemical reactions, a reactant is brought in contact with a stable, non-soluble, porous, electronically non-conductive solid (reaction enhancer) in a fluidic medium to form a reaction mixture of low ionic strength. The reaction mixture so formed is then subjected to an electrifying force thereby enhancing the chemical reaction. Reaction products are then collected.

Abstract: The invention relates to a device for generating a plasma by means of cathode sputtering and microwave irradiation. This device comprises a magnetron cathode over which is placed a microwave cavity resonator at the atmosphere side. At the vacuum side the device comprises laterally delimiting shielding sheets which on their inside are provided with a magnet which generates a magnetic field perpendicular to the surface of the target of the magnetron cathode.

Abstract: Electrophoresis support media which include one or more polymers made from hydroxy alkyl esters of acrylic or methylacrylic acid or poly (alkylene glycol) esters of acrylic or methacrylic acid. These acrylic or methacrylic monomers are polymerized or copolymerized to form electrophoresis support media which can be used in place of polyacrylamide gels, agar gels and agarose gels. The acrylic or methacrylic ester monomers may be cross-linked with various cross-linking agents to provide electrophoresis support media with a wide range of pore sizes and physical strength. The electrophoresis support media is well-suited for use with organic solvents.

Abstract: A carbon containing material for use in particular as an anode of electrolytic cells for the production of aluminum by the electrolysis of alumina in a cryolite-based electrolyte, consists substantially of a mixture of one or more particulate carbonaceous material(s) with a binder based on compounds of aluminum with carbon, oxygen and/or nitrogen, such as aluminum carbide or aluminum oxycarbide, or such compounds mixed with aluminum. This binder is obtained by mixing the particulate carbonaceous material(s) with particulate aluminum and with at least one lithium compound and/or with at least one aluminum compound in a liquid carrier, and heat treating to form the binder. The liquid carrier may comprise a binding agent selected from methyl cellulose, polyvinyl alcohol and colloidal suspensions, in particular colloidal alumina.

Abstract: A current-detecting type dry-operative ion-selective electrode having a working electrode and a counter electrode which are mounted on an insulating substrate, a first electrolyte layer containing a hydrophilic polymer and an ion-sensitive layer containing a hydrophobic polymer which are formed on the working electrode, and a second electrolyte layer containing a hydrophilic polymer which is laminated over the whole electrode system.

Abstract: A reference electrode including a body, a supply of flowable gel electrolyte, a wire electrode, and a tube for the electrolyte. The electrolyte is preferably contained in a cartridge within the body of the electrode and is capable of being dispensed into the tube in very small, metered, amounts, as needed.

Abstract: A semiconductor product plating apparatus includes housings having a first mask portion for masking both the surfaces of a resin package of a semiconductor device and a second mask portion for masking the peripheral portion of a lead frame, when clamping a semiconductor product from both surface sides of the lead frame, and hollow portions surrounding outer leads between the semiconductor device and the peripheral portion of the lead frame. Electrolytic solution supply slits and electrolytic solution drainage slits are formed in the housings so as to communicate with the hollow portions. The apparatus also includes electrodes formed on portions of the inner wall surfaces of the hollow portions. The first mask portion has a tapered side surface which widens toward the end. The electrolytic solution supply slits have opening portions formed in a direction to cross the proximal end portions of the outer leads and communicating with the side surface of the first mask portion.

Abstract: A crystalline zeolite SSZ-32 of novel composition is prepared using an N-lower alkyl-N'-isopropyl-imidazolium cation as a template. Also disclosed is a process for converting hydrocarbons with crystalline zeolite SSZ-32.

Abstract: Low sulfur gasoline of relatively high octane number is produced from a catalytically cracked, sulfur-containing naphtha by hydrodesulfurization followed by treatment over an acidic catalyst, preferably an intermediate pore size zeolite such as ZSM-5 with controlled diffusion characteristics. The treatment over the acidic catalyst in the second step restores the octane loss which takes place as a result of the hydrogenative treatment and results in a low sulfur gasoline product with an octane number comparable to that of the feed naphtha. In favorable cases, using feeds of extended end point such as heavy naphthas with 95 percent points above about 380.degree. F. (about 193.degree. C.), improvements in both product octane and yield relative to the feed may be obtained.

Abstract: Heavy oils may be hydrotreated in the presence of a porous alumina support bearing metals of Group VIII and VI-B and optionally phosphorus, the catalyst having a Total Surface Area of 240-310 m.sup.2 /g, a Total Pore Volume of 0.5-0.75 cc/g, and a Pore Diameter Distribution whereby 63-78% of the Total Pore Volume is present as micropores of diameter 55-115A and 11-18% of the Total Pore Volume is present as macropores of diameter greater than 250A. The heavy oils and hydrogen are contacted with the catalyst such that the catalyst is maintained at isothermal conditions and is exposed to a uniform quality of feed. The process is particularly effective in achieving desired levels of hydroconversion of feedstock components having a boiling point greater than 1000.degree. F. to products having a boiling point less than 1000.degree. F.

Abstract: A hydrocarbon fraction, preferably in the kerosene boiling range containing a substantial proportion of C.sub.9 + hydrocarbons is contacted with an n-paraffin fraction, such as n-pentane, over a catalyst of acidic functionality, such as Pd/zeolite beta, under conditions of hydrocracking sufficient to convert the feed to lower boiling range materials of high octane number. The n-paraffin cofeed promotes isomerization and suppresses production of n-paraffins.

Abstract: A regeneration process and apparatus eliminates the need for an external chlorination recycle loop. The method and apparatus uses two-pass internal mixing of a chlorine compound input stream and drying gas to both mix and heat the chlorination gas before entering the chlorination zone. The only heat required for the process is a small amount for vaporizing the chlorine containing input stream to prevent the formation of chloride droplets. All other heat for the chlorination zone is supplied internally in the regeneration vessel.

Abstract: Lubricating basestock oil suitable for use as such or as blending oil is obtained by the low severity hydrotreatment of industrial circulating oils of the type employed in low severity lubricating applications, and which have been mildly degraded and are no longer suitable for use for their intended purpose.

Abstract: An apparatus to separate two immiscible liquids of different densities that form a two phase mixture comprising an upper layer (10) and a lower layer (12) when together. The apparatus has a main body (14) to receive the two liquids. The main body has a base and an open top. There is an outlet (20) adjacent the base of the main body, arranged tangentially. A pump (22) pumps liquid from the main body through the outlet (20). A jet (24) generally adjacent the center of the main body (14) directs liquid upwardly from the body. The liquid is supplied to the jet (24) by pump (22). Floats (30) allow floating of the apparatus in a mixture of the two liquids. The fluid driven from the outlet (22) draws the two liquids into the body and the liquid from the jet (24) forces the upper layer (10) of liquid upwardly to separate the two liquids.

Abstract: Water treatment system includes means for mixing ozone generated by the system with untreated water. The ozone and water mixture is delivered to a contact chamber at a pre-selected rate. As the mixture of ozone and water is delivered, ozone and other gases are released from the water into the chamber. Gas accumulates at the upper end of the chamber, forcing the water level down and increasing the pressure in the chamber. A float assembly is normally in a closed position due to the buoyancy of the float assembly and the level of the water. As the water level decreases with the accumulation of gases, the float assembly is held in place by the pressurized gas surrounding the float assembly. Finally, the weight of the float assembly overcomes the float's buoyancy and the gas pressure holding the fluid assembly in place. The float assembly then drops, opening the upper end of the chamber to atmosphere. Gases which have accumulated and stratified at the upper end of the chamber are released to atmosphere.

Abstract: A water filter has a side wall member provided with an inflow port and an outflow port and has a cartridge mounting base, which is turnably borne to the near-bottom part of said side wall member; and a cartridge is detachably installed in said side wall member on said cartridge mounting base in a manner that the inflow port of said side wall member and the inflow port of said cartridge are connected and further the outflow port of said side wall member and the outflow port of said cartridge are connected.

Abstract: A combination of a physical filter and aerobic filter positioned entirely on the outside of an aquarium tank. Water is pumped into the physical filter chamber and upon reaching a level above the chamber walls of the physical filter it spills by gravity flow to both an aerobic filter also contained within the housing and back into the aquarium tank. The water entering the aerobic filter is filtered and passed back to the physical filter where the filtering is repeated.

Abstract: A trough type strainer apparatus comprising a housing with bottom and side walls defining an interior chamber, an inlet trough assembly and an outlet conduit connected to said side walls and communicating with said chamber. A support structure is mounted inside the housing secured to at least one wall and a perforated strainer basket provided with a mounting flange on its upper edge allows the strainer basket to be seated on the support structure within the housing. The perforated strainer basket has an angled perforated baffle panel which extends upward past the outlet conduit when the basket is seated within the housing.

Abstract: A filter including one or more regenerative plates which can be moved along the surfaces of filter grids to simultaneously create turbulence and physically dislodge a filter media cake within the filter by use of an externally extending driver rod, so as to regenerate the filter media.

Abstract: A circulating filter and aerator system is to be installed in a pond of an aquaculture system and includes a pump unit which draws water from the pond and which is adapted to float and extend into the pond at a desired depth, a filter unit with an inlet port and an outlet port, a first control valve which connects the pump unit and the inlet port of the filter unit and which controls water flow from the pump unit to the filter unit, a floating aerator unit which receives filtered water from the filter unit and which generates sprays of the filtered water to release harmful gas and to reintroduce oxygen into the pond, serially connected second and third control valves which connect the outlet port of the filter unit and the floating aerator unit and which control water flow from the filter unit to the floating aerator unit, a fourth control valve which is provided on the filter unit to permit release of air in the filter unit when water fills the filter unit, a fifth control valve which is provided between the

Abstract: A liquid chromatography system has a reservoir for the mobile phase with a cap which provides for effective control of charging the reservoir with the mobile phase, sparging the mobile phase while it is in the reservoir, feeding the mobile phase to the chromatograph, returning the mobile phase to the reservoir after it has passed through the chromatograph, venting or vacuumization of the reservoir and providing for automatic release of overpressure within the reservoir, all while maintaining the sparged environment in the reservoir.

Abstract: A water purifier for supplying high purity water with a low total organic carbon content. The purifier includes removable cartridges that contain a series of organic and ion exchange purification media. Special couplings are used to permit the cartridges to be easily and quickly connected to and removed from the water purifier. In addition, the cartridges contain a check valve to minimize water drainage from the cartridge when the cartridge is removed. Selected water purifier components are constructed of fluorinated polyethylene.

Abstract: In the floor of a pulp slurry inlet chamber an opening is provided. The opening is elongate and arranged substantially tangential to the outer, bounding wall of the chamber. Barriers of arcuate cross-section depend from the opening, at opposite ends of the opening. The barriers are incurvate, relative to the opening. The opening has a length across which junk cannot bridge. Consequently, the junk falls through the opening and is captured in an accumulator which underlies the opening. Knots substantially bridge across the opening, and impinge upon the arcuate barrier at the far end of the opening to be thrown upwardly for assimilation with the slurry flow coursing through the chamber. An elutriative liquid is supplied to the accumulator, at a given flow velocity, to wash up and out of the accumulator any organic particles which, due to irregularities, pass through the opening, to return the organic particles to the chamber.

Abstract: The filter comprises a tubular body (1) provided with fixing flanges (2,3) for a fluid pipe. An upstream distributing plate (4) is perforated with orifices and extended by sockets (5) which are engaged in the up-stream ends of filtering elements (6). These elements (6) extend axially inside of the body (1). The filter comprises in its downstream part a collector (12) provided with bevelled tubes (13) which are engaged in the down-stream ends of the filtering elements (6). This collector (12) is continued by an elbow (11) which is followed by a single flush branching (7) opening laterally outside of the body (1).

Abstract: A self-cleaning scroll and screen centrifuge for processing a combined liquid and solid material to separate the solid material from the liquid. The centrifuge is designed for use in the food processing industry and therefore has fluid injectors for cleaning all surfaces within the centrifuge including opposed mating surfaces which function as noncontacting seal mechanisms.

Abstract: The plates of the settling tank define counter-flow streams connected to the inlet of the settling tank and supplying parallel flow streams connected to the outlet of the settling tank. Deposits from these two types of streams are received in two corresponding collecting tanks. The invention is particularly applicable to the filtration of water.