Abstract: Compounds of general formula (1) ##STR1## are described wherein Y is a halogen atom or a group --OR.sup.1, where R.sup.1 is an optionally substituted alkyl group; X is --O--, --S-- or --N(R.sup.7)--, where R.sup.7 is a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group; R.sup.2 is an optionally substituted cycloalkyl or cycloalkenyl group; R.sup.3 and R.sup.4, which may be the same or different, is each a hydrogen atom or an alkyl, --CO.sub.2 R.sup.8 (where R.sup.8 is a hydrogen atom or an alkyl, aryl, or aralkyl group), --CONR.sup.9 R.sup.10 (where R.sup.9 and R.sup.10 which may be the same or different is each a hydrogen atom or an alkyl, aryl or aralkyl group), --CSNR.sup.9 R.sup.10, --CN, --CH.sub.2 CN group; Z is --(CH.sub.2).sub.n -- (where n is zero or an integer 1, 2 or 3; R.sup.5 is an optionally substituted monocyclic or bicyclic aryl group optionally containing one or more heteroatoms selected from oxygen, sulphur or nitrogen atoms; R.sup.

Abstract: Topically applicable sunscreen/cosmetic compositions well suited for enhanced photoprotection of human skin and/or hair against the damaging effects of UV-A and UV-B irradiation, particularly solar radiation, comprise a photoprotecting effective amount of a novel benzotriazole-substituted polyorganosiloxane/polyorganosilane having one of the formulae (1) to (3): ##STR1## wherein A is a monovalent benzotriazole radical bonded directly to a silicon atom and having the formula (4): ##STR2## the compounds of formulae (1) to (3) are prepared, e.g.

Abstract: The subject N-(2-benzyloxy-1-phenethyl)-N-(2'-methoxyethyl)amino-methane compounds of the formula: ##STR1## (wherein R.sup.1, R.sup.2, R.sup.3, R.sup.4, R.sup.5, R.sup.6, R.sup.7, R.sup.8 and Het are defined herein) are tachykinin receptor antagonists which are useful in the treatment of pain, inflammation, migraine and emesis.

Abstract: A compound of formula (I), wherein A is C.sub.1-6 alkyl, --O--C.sub.1-6 alkyl, --O--phenyl or phenyl, optionally substituted by C.sub.1-3 alkyl or halogen; n is an integer of from 0 to 3; W is a group of formula (i), (ii) or (iii) where R is hydrogen or C.sub.1-4 alkyl, x is --O--, --S--, --NH--, or --CH.sub.2 --, Y is oxygen or sulphur and the chiral centre * in formula (i) or (ii) is in its (S) or (R) form or is a mixture thereof in any proportions; and Z is a group of formula (iv) --HC.sub.2 CH.sub.2 NR.sup.1 R.sup.2 (v) or (vi) where R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are independently selected from hydrogen and C.sub.1-4 alkyl and R.sup.3 is hydrogen or C.sub.1-4 alkyl; and salts, solvates and physiologically functional derivatives thereof.

Abstract: Picornaviral 3C protease inhibitors, obtainable by chemical synthesis, inhibit or block the biological activity of picornaviral 3C proteases. These compounds, as well as pharmaceutical compositions that contain these compounds, are suitable for treating patients or hosts infected with one or more picornaviruses. Several novel methods and intermediates can be used to prepare the novel picornaviral 3C protease inhibitors of the present invention.

Abstract: Chemically stable pharmaceutical formulations comprising a therapeutically effective amount of a material of formula I are provided which formulations contain a stabilizer system comprising an organic carboxylic acid containing more than 1 carboxylic acid group and an antioxidant. The preferred organic carboxylic acid is citric acid and the preferred antioxidants are ascorbic acid and butylated hydroxytoluene, which antioxidants are preferred to be used in admixture. The chemically stable pharmaceutical formulations are particularly useful for treating Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) in mammals and comprises administering to the mammal needing treatment an effective dose of the above chemically stable pharmaceutical formulation. The stabilizer system is also effective for use in other pharmaceutical formulations containing active ingredients having oxidizable groups such as amino, phenolic, hydryoxyl amino, aldehyde, unsaturated compounds, sulfoxide, sulfone and mercapto.

Abstract: Heteroaromatic compounds of the formulae IA and IB ##STR1## where the dashed line is a double bond between the carbon atom and a Z atom, and the index and the substituents have the following meanings:R.sup.1alkyl, alkoxy, alkylaminoR.sup.2alkyl;Aa direct bond; alkylene, alkenylene, alkynylene;O, S, S-oxides, N and alkylene derivatives or oxime radicals thereofBhydrogen, halogen,alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl;cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, cycloalkynyl, heterocyclyl, aryl, hetarylUCH.sub.2, CHCl, CHR.sup.2 or NOR.sup.2 ;Xhydrogen, cyano, nitro, halogen,alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, heterocyclyl, aryl, hetaryl; oxi- and thio derivatives thereof, carbonyl derivatives thereof, carbonyloxy derivatives thereof, amino derivatives thereof, oxime derivatives thereof,amino which may bear one or two of the abovementioned groups;m1 or 2,Yoxygen or sulfur;Z.sup.1 -Z.sup.2, Z.sub.3 -Z.sub.

Abstract: Thienyl-, furyl- and pyrrolyl-sulfonamides and methods for modulating or altering the activity of the endothelin family of peptides are provided. In particular, N-(isoxazolyl)thienylsulfonamides, N-(isoxazolyl)-furylsulfonamides and N-(isoxazolyl)pyrrolylsulfonamides and methods using these sulfonamides for inhibiting the binding of an endothelin peptide to an endothelin receptor by contacting the receptor with the sulfonamide are provided. Methods for treating endothelin-mediated disorders by administering effective amounts of one or more of these sulfonamides or prodrugs thereof that inhibit or increase the activity of endothelin are also provided.

Abstract: Benzimidazole derivatives of the formula (I): ##STR1## wherein the ring A is a benzene ring which may optionally contain substitution in addition to the R' group; R.sup.1 is hydrogen or an optionally substituted hydrocarbon residue; R.sup.2 is a group capable of forming an anion or a group convertible thereinto; X is a direct bond or a spacer having an atomic length of two or less between the phenylene group and the phenyl group; R' is carboxyl, an ester thereof, an amide thereof or a group capable of forming an anion or convertible to an anion; Y is --O--, --S(O).sub.m -- or --N(R.sup.4)-- wherein m is an integer of 0, 1 or 2 and R.sup.4 is hydrogen or an optionally substituted alkyl group; and n is an integer of 1 or 2; and the pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, have potent angiotensin II antagonistic activity and antihypertensive activity, thus being useful as therapeutic agents for treating circulatory system diseases such as hypertensive diseases, heart diseases (e.g.

Abstract: Compounds of general formula (1) ##STR1## are described wherein Y is a halogen atom or a group --OR.sup.1, wherein R.sup.1 is an optionally substituted alkyl group; X is --O--, --S--, or --N(R.sup.6), wherein R.sup.6 is a hydrogen atom or an optionally substituted alkyl group; R.sup.2 is an optionally substituted cycloalkyl or cycloalkenyl group; R.sup.3 and R.sup.4, which may be the same or different, is each a hydrogen atom or an optionally substituted alkyl, --CO.sub.2 R.sup.7 (wherein R.sup.7 is a hydrogen atom, am optionally substituted alkyl, aralkyl, aryl, aryloxyalkyl, alkanoyloxyalkyl or aroyloxyalkyl group), --CONR.sup.8 R.sup.9 (where R.sup.8 and R.sup.9, which may be the same or different, is as defined for R.sup.7), --CSNR.sup.8 R.sup.9, --CN or --CH.sub.2 CN group; Z is --(CH.sub.2).sub.n -- where n is zero or an integer 1, 2 or 3; R.sup.

Abstract: 2-Mercaptobenzimidazole derivatives represented by the following formulae, analogs and salts thereof are disclosed: ##STR1## These 2-mercaptobenzimidazole derivatives are useful as a medicine such as an antihyperlipemic agent or antiarteriosclerotic agent and also useful as an additive for silver halide photosensitive materials, liquid crystals and the like.

Abstract: Methods and compositions are disclosed utilizing the optically pure R(+) isomer of ondansetron. This compound is a potent drug for the treatment of nausea and vomiting associated with chemotherapy and radiation therapy, while avoiding the concomitant liability of adverse effects associated with the racemic mixture of ondansetron. The R(+) isomer of ondansetron is also useful for the treatment of behavioral disorders such as mood anxiety and schizophrenia, and such other conditions as may be related to R(+) ondansetron's activity as a competitive antagonist of serotonin receptor subtype 5-HT.sub.3 such as disorders of gastrointestinal motility, depression, migraine, and as an aid for alcohol withdrawal, nicotine withdrawal, and drug (benzodiazepine et al.) withdrawal, without the concomitant liability of adverse effects associated with the racemic mixture of ondansetron.

Abstract: This invention relates to compounds of formula ##STR1## or a salt, or metabolically labile ester thereof wherein R represents a group selected from halogen, alkyl, alkoxy, amino, alkylamino, dialkylamino, hydroxy, trifluoromethyl, trifluoromethoxy, nitro, cyano, SO.sub.2 R.sub.2 or COR.sub.2 wherein R.sub.2 represents hydroxy, methoxy, amino, alkylamino, or dialkylamino; m is zero or an integer 1 or 2;R.sub.1 represents a cycloalkyl, bridged cycloalkyl, heteroaryl, bridged heterocyclic or optionally substituted phenyl or fused bicyclic carbocylic group;A represents a C.sub.1-4 alkylene chain or the chain (CH.sub.2).sub.p Y(CH.sub.2).sub.q wherein Y is O, S(O)n or NR.sub.3 and which chains may be substituted by one or two groups selected from C.sub.1-6 alkyl optionally substituted by hydroxy, amino, alkylamino or dialkylamino, or which chains may be substituted by the group=O;R.sub.

Abstract: The present invention provides novel methods of lowering serum cholesterol and inhibiting smoother muscle cell proliferation, particularly restenosis, in humans, and inhibiting uterine fibroid disease and endometriosis in women comprising administering to a human/woman in need of treatment an effective amount of a compound of formula I ##STR1## wherein R is C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkyl, C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkoxy, halo, or trifluoromethyl;R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 each are the same or different C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkyl group;n is an integer from 2 to 6; andR.sup.3 and R.sup.4 each are independently C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl, or combine to form a substituent selected from the group consisting of pyrrolidino, morpholino, piperidino, piperazino, 4-(C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkyl)piperazino, and 4-phenyl-piperazino; or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

Abstract: Compounds having anti-inflammatory, anti-viral, protein kinase C-modulatory and other activities are disclosed. The compounds are derived from aromatic heterocyclic compounds of the indole, indene, benzofuran and benzothiophene class, each bearing an additional 6-atom chain connecting positions 3 and 4 to form a fused 9-membered ring. This invention is exemplified by 9-deshydroxymethyl-9-carboxyindolactam V.

Abstract: The present invention relates to novel nodulosporic acid derivatives, which are acaricidal, antiparasitic, insecticidal and anthelmintic agents.

Abstract: This invention relates to a novel method of using an Angiotensin II antagonist for the improvement of insulin sensitivity alone or in conjunction with the treatment of hypertension. Angiotensin II antagonists such as the class of substituted imidazoles represented by formula I: ##STR1## and specifically by Losartan, 2-butyl-4-chloro-1-?(2'-tetrazol-5-yl)biphenyl-4-yl!methyl!-5-(hydroxymeth yl)imidazole potassium salt.

Abstract: A (+) or (-) enantiomer of a compound of formula (I) wherein R.sup.4 is methyl or ethyl, or a salt, solvate, or hydtrate thereof, processes for preparing said compounds and pharmaceutical compostions containing them. Compounds of formula (+) are 5-HT.sub.1 -like agonists.

Abstract: Derivatives of glutamic and aspartic of formula (I) are described ##STR1## where the compounds are potent receptor antagonists of gastrin at the peripheral level and of cholecystokinin at the level of the central nervous system.

Abstract: There is provided the use of a cholinesterase inhibitor in the manufacture of a medicament for topical administration for use in the treatment of xerostomia

Abstract: Compounds of formula I: ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 have any of the values defined in the specification, and their pharmaceutically acceptable salts, are PKC activators and are useful for treating diseases, such as, for example, cancer. Also disclosed are pharmaceutical compositions comprising compounds of formula I, processes for preparing compounds of formula I, and intermediates useful for preparing compounds of formula I.

Abstract: This invention is directed to methods for treating hot flashes as a consequence of declining levels of estrogen or androgen in humans. Specifically, the methods of this invention involve the topical administration of glycopyrrolate compounds to humans.

Abstract: Compounds of Formula I ##STR1## are disclosed as inhibitors having activity against the aspartyl proteases, plasmepsin and cathepsin D. The compounds are therefore useful for treatment of diseases such as malaria and Alzheimer's disease. In preferred compounds of Formula I, Y is an dialkoxyphosphonate, or .alpha.-hydroxyamide group and Z is an acyl or .alpha.-ketocarbamate functionality. Intermediates in the solid phase synthesis of compounds of Formula I, in which compounds are attached to a solid support, are also disclosed.

Abstract: Compounds that inhibit the enzyme 2,3-epoxysqualene-lanosterol-cyclase and cholesterol biosynthesis, of the formula I ##STR1## wherein n denotes the number 0 or 1, m denotes the number 1 or 2, p denotes the number 0 or 1, R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 each denote hydrogen, lower alkyl, alkenyl or alkynyl, which may optionally also be substituted, or together with the nitrogen atom between the denote 5- to 7-membered saturated, monocyclic or heterocyclic rings which may optionally also be interrupted by an oxygen or sulfur atom or by an imino group, R.sup.3, R.sup.4, R.sup.5 and R.sup.6 denote hydrogen or lower alkyl, R.sup.5 additionally denotes lower alkoxy, R.sup.7 denotes hydrogen, cycloalkyl, phenyl or substituted phenyl, naphthyl, tetrahydronaphthyl, thienyl, furyl or pyridyl and A denotes a chemical bond or alkyl, alkenyl having up to 17 carbon atoms.

Abstract: A regimen for inducing/stimulating hair growth and/or retarding hair loss on an individual in need of such treatment, comprising administering thereto, advantageously topically and for such period of time as required to elicit the desired effect, an effective amount of at least one RXR-type retinoid receptor agonist preferably having the structural formula(I): ##STR1## in which Ar is one of the following radicals: ##STR2##

Abstract: Disclosed are dithiolylidene acetamide derivatives represented by the following formula: ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 may be the same or different and each independently represent a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group, or salts thereof; and pharmaceuticals containing them as effective ingredients. The dithiolylidene acetamide derivatives and their salts show AGE formation inhibitory action and are useful as preventives and therapeutics for diabetic complications.

Abstract: An aqueous composition is disclosed which comprises 0.1 to 20 g/l of polyene fungicide, 0.5 to 50 g/l of a suitable thickener and optionally 20 to 250 g/l of salt.

Abstract: A method of inhibiting human IL-5 gene transcriptions mRNA expression and protein production by human T-cells using one or more compounds selected from those shown by formula I shown below (where R.sub.1, R.sub.2, R.sub.3 and R.sub.4 are each independently a C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkyl group) and a therapeutic agent for allergic and eosinophilic inflammatory diseases which contains one or more compounds selected from those shown by the formula.

Abstract: The invention relates to topically applied pharmaceutical compositions containing 5-methoxypsoralen in a concentration of 60 ppm to 100 ppm, and more particularly 65 to 95 ppm, and preferably 75 ppm, in a pharmaceutically acceptable oleaginous formula, as well as the use of these compositions in the treatment of psoriasis.

Abstract: Diseases characterized by disturbances of the serotoninergic system, psychoses and depression are treated by administration of an aminomethyl-chroman of the formula ##STR1##

Abstract: The invention relates to a combination of a first component (a) which is a 5-HT reuptake inhibitor and a second component (b) which is selective 5-HT.sub.1A antagonist of the general formula ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 is n-propyl or cyclobutyl;R.sub.2 is isopropyl, tertiary butyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl or cyclohexyl;R.sub.3 is hydrogen;R.sub.4 is hydrogen or methyl;as (R)-enantiomer in the form of free base or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, the preparation thereof, pharmaceutical formulations containing said combination, use of and method of treatment of affective disorders such as depression, anxiety and OCD with said combination as well as a kit containing said combination.

Abstract: Process for isolation of 1-(3,4-methylenedioxy-phenyl)-1E-tetradecene from Piper longum. Processes for synthesis of 1-(3,4-methylenedioxy-phenyl)-1E-tetradecene; its stereoisomers and analogues are disclosed. The compounds isolated and synthesized according to this invention have immunomodulatory properties and can be used to treat tumors and infections.

Abstract: Compounds and methods for use in immunosuppressive and anti-inflammatory treatment, and for inhibiting male fertility, are described. The compounds are triptolide analogs with improved water solubility and low toxicity.

Abstract: This invention relates to a pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of acne having an acne reduction component in an amount sufficient to reduce the redness and blemishes associated with acne. The invention also relates to pharmaceutical compositions having, in addition to the acne reduction component, a skin cell conditioning component in an amount sufficient to properly regulate the keratin and sebum production of the skin cells, thereby inhibiting the appearance of acne. In a preferred form, the skin cell conditioning component is a chromium component. In another preferred form, the composition further includes at least one of a vitamin C source, burdock root, yellow dock root, horsetail extract, a catechin-based composition, a vitamin B.sub.1 source, a vitamin B.sub.2 source, a vitamin B.sub.3 source, a vitamin B.sub.5 source, and a vitamin E source. In a more preferred form, the invention also includes at least one amino acid component, a magnesium component, a selenium component, and biotin.

Abstract: There are described new active compound combinations of a compound of the formula (I) ##STR1## with known fungicidal active compounds, and their use for combating phytopathogenic fungi.

Abstract: A hydrolytically unstable, biocompatible polymer capable of carrying and releasing a pharmaceutical compound when introduced into physiological media. In a preferred embodiment, the polymer contains ester linkages that are susceptible to hydrolytic degradation. A monomeric unit of the polymer can also be used as a hydrolytically unstable linking agent for quickening the degradation of polymers, particularly cross-linked polymers.

Abstract: The present invention relates to hydroxamic acid derivatives that inhibit N-Acetylated .alpha.-Linked Acidic Dipeptidase (NAALADase) enzyme activity, pharmaceutical compositions comprising such derivatives, and methods of using such derivatives to inhibit NAALADase activity, to treat a glutamate abnormality and to treat a prostate disease in an animal.

Abstract: A method for increasing bioavailability of an orally administered pharmaceutical compound comprises orally administering the pharmaceutical compound to a mammal in need of treatment with the compound concurrently with propyl gallate. Improved formulations of pharmaceutical compounds include propyl gallate to enhance the bioavailability of the active ingredient of the pharmaceutical compound.

Abstract: The present invention relates to methods of protecting against injury to hair follicles in a mammal by administering an effective amount of butyric acid or a biologically active butyric acid derivative. In particular, this invention relates to the use of cell differentiation-inducing butyric acid derivatives to protect against hair loss in cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy and/or radiation therapy.

Abstract: The invention relates to a cosmetic or dermatological composition comprising, in a physiologically acceptable medium, a compound of general formula (I) in which the groups R and R' represent, independently of each other, a C.sub.

Abstract: 6,7-disubstituted-2-aminotetralines of general formula (1) ##STR1## and their pharmacologically acceptable salts, wherein X and Y, identical or different are selected from the group consisting of methoxy, acetoxy and fluoro; and R and R.sub.1, identical or different, are selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, ethyl, propyl, cyclopropylmethyl, 2-hydroxy-2-phenylethyl, 2-hydroxy-2-(4-methylphenyl)ethyl and 2-hydroxy-3-(4-methoxyphenoxy)propyl are endowed with immunomodulator activity.

Abstract: Composition and method for enhancing therapeutic effects of topically applied agents are disclosed. The cosmetic or therapeutic composition may include one or more of cosmetic or pharmaceutical agents present in a total amount of from 0.01 to 40 percent and one or more of hydroxycarboxylic acids or related compounds present in a total amount of from 0.01 to 99 percent by weight of the total composition. The cosmetic and pharmaceutical agents may include but not limited to age spots, wrinkles and keratoses removing agents; vitamins; aloes; sun screens; tanning, depigmenting and shampooing agents; antiyeasts; antifungal, antibacterial and antiviral agents; topical bronchial dilators and topical cardiovascular agents; hormonal agents; vasodilators; retinoids and other dermatological agents. The hydroxycarboxylic acids and related compounds include organic alpha and beta hydroxycarboxylic acids, alpha and beta ketocarboxylic acids and salts thereof.

Abstract: A composition and method of preventing or inhibiting tumor growth, and of treating malignant cancers without toxic side effects are disclosed. Betulinic acid or a betulinic acid derivative is the active compound of the composition.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is method of treating and a composition for treating erectile dysfunction in a male patient by administering to the patient a unit dose of a formulation comprising an erectile dysfunction treating amount of a prostaglandin, namely prostaglandin E.sub.1, prostaglandin E.sub.2, or pharmaceutically acceptable salts or derivatives thereof, wherein the prostaglandin is formulated with a small amount of prostaglandin F.sub..alpha.2 together with a pharmaceutically acceptable delivery medium and/or a lubricant.

Abstract: Compounds of general formula (II) wherein X is a hydroxamic or carboxylic acid group, Y is carbonyl or sulphonyl and R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 are as defined in the claims, are matrix metalloproteinase inhibitors.

Abstract: The invention relates to new amino acid derivatives of general formula ##STR1## wherein R, U, V, Y, n, m and R.sup.1 to R.sup.3 are defined as in claim 1, their tautomers, diastereomers, enantiomers, mixtures thereof and salts thereof, particularly the physiologically acceptable salts thereof with inorganic or organic acids or bases, which have valuable pharmacological properties, particularly selective NPY-antagonistic properties, pharmaceutical compositions containing these compounds, the use thereof and processes for preparing them.

Abstract: The present invention relates to certain 5-aroylnaphthalene derivatives of formula (I): ##STR1## that are inhibitors of prostaglandin G/H synthase, pharmaceutical compositions containing them, methods for their use, and methods for preparing these compounds.

Abstract: Methods and compositions for treating pain at a specific site with an effective concentration of capsaicin or analogues thereof are described. The methods involve providing anesthesia to the site where the capsaicin or analogues thereof is to be administered, and then administering an effective concentration of capsaicin to the joint. The anesthesia can be provided directly to the site, or at remote site that causes anesthesia at the site where the capsaicin is to be administered. For example, epidural regional anesthesia can be provided to patients to which the capsaicin is to be administered at a site located from the waist down. By pretreating the site with the anesthetic, a significantly higher concentration of capsaicin can be used. Effective concentrations of capsaicin or analogues thereof range from between 0.01 and 10% by weight, preferably between 1 and 7.5% by weight, and more preferably, about 5% by weight.

Abstract: Disclosed are polyamines having the formula: ##STR1## or salts or stereoisomers thereof wherein R.sub.1 -R.sub.4 and ALK.sub.1 -ALK.sub.3 are as defined in the specification. Pharmaceutical compositions and therapeutic methods of treatment utilizing the compounds are also disclosed.