Abstract: An ovalizer which employs hydraulic cylinders to directly actuate duct forming members for forming round spiral duct to oval. The ovalizer includes a pair of elongated and laterally spaced-apart duct forming members sized to fit within a ductwork section and to bear against opposing interior surfaces of the ductwork section. Spaced longitudinally along and between the duct forming members are a plurality, five in the disclosed embodiment, of double-acting hydraulic cylinder assemblies for selectively forcing the duct forming members apart for forming round duct to oval, and retracting the duct forming members towards each other at the conclusion of a forming operation. A feedback control system ensures that the hydraulic cylinder assemblies extend together at approximately the same rate and stop when a predetermined extended position is reached.

Abstract: A machine for spirally forming pipes that is readily transportable to various locations. The machine is mounted to the surface of a conventional tractor-trailer arrangement and includes an uncoiler assembly with a structural extension arrangement for transferring coils from delivery vehicles. The uncoiler assembly is pivotably mounted to allow for rotational travel to meet with coil delivery vehicles. Sheet material is uncoiled and fed to the spiral forming assembly by an assembly of cylindrical rollers with rotational energy provided by internal combustion engine. The spiral forming assembly is pivotably mounted with motorized connection and programmable control for helix angle and third set of rollers adjustment. The spiral forming assembly and the assembly of cylindrical rollers are mounted with bases of minimal height for stability. An internal combustion engine driven cut off assembly is mounted directly to the spiral forming assembly to cut off pipes as they are produced.

Abstract: Apparata and methods are shown and described for converting closed-topped containers, e.g., common aluminum beverage cans and steel food cans, into open-topped containers having open top mouths surrounded by a smooth rounded lip. In a preferred version of the invention, a closed-topped container, e.g., an aluminum can, is inserted within a casing so that its top protrudes outwardly therefrom. A tubular ram having a cutter situated therein is inserted over the can top and rotated with respect to the can to sever the can top from the remainder of the can. The ram is then withdrawn and inverted to reveal an annular bending groove facing the cut upper can sidewall. The ram is then screwed onto the casing to bring the bending groove onto the cut upper can sidewall, thereby bending a rolled lip on the can sidewall. The closed-topped can is thus converted into a cup-like open-topped container.

Abstract: A branch pipe is formed on a metal tube using a forming tool including a milling part and a burring part adjacent the milling part. The milling part has a first diameter and is provided with a prescribed cutting edge on its outer peripheral surface. The burring part has a sloping surface with a maximum second diameter larger than the first diameter, and has a slope diameter that gradually diminishes in a direction away from the milling part. The branch pipe forming tool can be used for forming a branch pipe on a metal tube regardless of the shape of the metal tube.

Abstract: A spring forming machine includes a machine frame, a movable member, and a driving mechanism. The driving mechanism comprises a slide plate seat, a slide plate and a cam wheel. When fitting an eccentric pin unit and a filler within a horizontal slide slot in the slide plate, the slide plate seat rotates on the machine frame, and the slide plate moves on the slide plate seat so as to move the movable member along an elliptical path upon actuation. When locking the slide plate seat and removing the filler, the cam wheel moves the eccentric pin unit so as to move the slide plate on the slide plate seat and thus to move the movable member along a straight path upon actuation. When locking the slide plate seat and removing the eccentric pin unit and the filler, a follower shaft can be mounted removably on the slide plate in contact with the cam wheel to permit a straight movement of the movable member on the machine frame upon actuation.

Abstract: A point tool assembly includes a vertical moving table disposed on a forming table and movable in a direction parallel to the forming table surface and perpendicular to the feed direction of a wire, and a longitudinal moving table disposed on the forming table and movable in a direction parallel to the forming table surface and the feed direction of the wire independently of the vertical moving table. A link arm moves a parallel slide table and first and second inclined slide tables the same distance upon longitudinal movement of the longitudinal moving table. A forming table includes first and second independent tool drive units for supporting first and second point tools in positions where the first and second point tools oppose the wire and moving the tools in a direction substantially parallel to the forming table surface and substantially perpendicular to the feed direction of the wire and in a direction parallel to the forming table surface and the feed direction of the wire.

Abstract: A roll-forming apparatus of the type used to transform a flat web or sheet of metal into a component having various cross-sectional shapes is provided with a first elongate base portion with an axis extending in a longitudinal direction, a second elongate base portion with an axis disposed generally parallel to the longitudinal direction of the axis of the first base portion, and a drive mechanism associated with the first and second base portions, the drive mechanism having a coupler associated with the first base portion, a raft plate supported by the first base portion, and a plurality of roll-forming stations supported by the raft plate.

Abstract: A steel pipe having a circular sectional form is retained by a retainer. A rotatable first roller is pressed against an intermediate portion of the steel pipe. In this state, a pusher causes the steel pipe to move axially of the steel pipe. This causes the steel pipe to be plastically deformed while maintaining the first roller in rolling contact with the steel pipe whereby a flat portion is formed at the intermediate portion of the steel pipe. Subsequently, a second roller for forming rack teeth which is formed with teeth at its outer periphery is pressed against the flat portion of the steel pipe while the steel pipe is relatively moved in the axial direction thereof. This causes the flat portion of the steel pipe to be plastically deformed for formation of rack teeth at the flat portion.

Abstract: A multifunction machine for modifying a workpiece held in a bending brake is provided that allows one tool to be easily interchanged with another tool. The machine includes a carriage operable to move longitudinally along the bending brake, and a tool detachably connected to the carriage and operable to modify the workpiece. The tool can be detached from the carriage and interchanged with another tool for performing a different modification to the workpiece. In a preferred embodiment, either the tool or the carriage includes a projection extending therefrom, and the other includes an opening sized to receive the projection in order to connect the tool and the carriage. The tool preferably includes rotatably mounted rolls that may be used for cutting or forming the workpiece. The multifunction machine is intended to be used in conjunction with any type of bending brake.

Abstract: Forging equipment and techniques prevent damage to the die set while also preventing abnormal flow of the material used in the forging process. In one embodiment, the forging equipment comprises a die set with a holding portion, constructed separate from the guiding portion. The holding portion is configured to accommodate the workpiece material and the punch portion as it is dropped down on the workpiece. At the comer where the holding portion and the guiding portion meet, the holding portion forms a retaining cavity, which has a sufficient size to accommodate a metal sealing assembly. The metal sealing assembly at one end terminates in an angled material contacting surface that prevents formation of cracks and abnormal flow of material away from its intended path of flow.

Abstract: A method of making a collimator having a generally honeycomb shape made from sheets of thin metal. The sheets are deformed using a progressive form die assembly into what may be termed truncated pyramids alternately inverted with top and bottom major flats connected by slant walls. Successive sheets are joined together by displacing them relative to each other so that the top major flats of the truncated pyramids of one sheet contact the bottom major flats of the succeeding sheet. Advantageously, the edges of the sheet are tapered to a pointed edge by the progressive form die assembly, which may also form roughened surfaces on the sheets by swedging. Edges of the slant walls which connect top and bottom major flats of the truncated pyramid shape are provided with a dual taper, and the edges of the major flats are provided with a single taper. When successive sheets are joined, the top and bottom major flats of successive sheets form a dual tapered edge from the single tapered edges on the flats of each sheet.

Abstract: A metal forming apparatus utilizes the combination of a wedge shaped die half and a complementary shaped cavity in a frame to shape metal blanks. The cavity includes a metal forming mechanism located adjacent a surface adapted to receive a blank to be shaped. The die half is moveable between an inoperative position outside the cavity and an operative position within the cavity. With the die half in the cavity, the metal forming mechanism can apply the necessary force to shape the metal blank in accordance with the die shape. Forming can be attained through the use of pressurized fluid applied against the blank, mechanical or hydraulic ram forces or the like. After shaping is finished, the die half is withdrawn from the cavity, the die half carrying with it the shaped metal part for part recovery and initiation of another forming cycle.

Abstract: A vehicle repair rack having a platform for receiving vehicles for straightening is tilted as it is raised from the floor for easier loading of low vehicles, without the vehicle's bottoming out. The repair rack uses a parallel linkage to raise the platform. The platform is one link of the parallel linkage; and, the link that is parallel to the platform is allowed to elongate as the platform is raised, thereby causing the platform to move into non-parallelism with respect to the elongated link, so the platform is tilted. The parallel linkage includes legs as the other two links, and a connecting rod between the two legs is the elongating link. One end of the connecting rod has a slot that allows the connecting rod to move axially to a limited extent for the elongation.

Abstract: The press brake punch holder has a main housing adapted for attachment to the ram of a press brake. A pair of mating wedge strips are disposed within the housing, the lower wedge strip being slidable with respect to the upper wedge strip. A U-shaped channel is disposed between two flanges depending from the side walls of the main housing, the exterior surfaces of the flanges being beveled, the U-shaped channel being slidable vertically between the flanges. A bolt extends through each upper wedge, a slot defined in each mating lower wedge, and a slot defined in the bottom of the housing, in order to thread into holes defined in the U-shaped channel. A support member having a cross shape in cross section depends from the U-shaped channel. A plurality of clamps are bolted into the ends of the side arms of the support member, the clamps being spring biased to clamp the shank of a punch between the clamp and the lower leg of the support member.

Abstract: A method for automatically detecting waste gas. The waste gas is led into a multiple switching valve through which the waste gas is sampled. Then, the waste gas sample is conveyed to an empty column and/or a chromatographic column, via the multiple switching valve. Then, the total hydrocarbon content of the waste gas sample is measured when the waste gas sample is conveyed to the empty column, and the waste gas sample is separated for measuring individual volatile organic compound concentrations of the waste gas sample when the waste as sample is conveyed to the chromatographic column.

Abstract: A method of analysis of an impurity in a gas is characterized in that an impurity gas in a sample gas is quantified by ionizing the sample gas, and measuring by a mass spectrometer 6 the intensity of cluster ions which are formed from a main component gas and an impurity gas in the sample gas. In addition, a device for analysis of an impurity in a gas is characterized by comprising a mass spectrometer 6 having a means for ionizing a gas which is introduced thereinto, an analysis line 4 which introduces a sample gas into the aforesaid mass spectrometer 6, and a calibration line 10 which adjusts a concentration of an impurity in the sample gas and thereafter introduces the gas into the aforesaid mass spectrometer 6.

Abstract: A knock detection device for an internal combustion engine make provisions to prevent erroneous decisions from being made due to a steplike signal change at the time of mask removal or to an overlap between an LC resonance generation period and a knock occurrence period in high engine rpm conditions. A low-frequency component is removed from an ion current signal by an HPF, and the resulting flat signal is supplied to a mask circuit, thereby reducing the amount of discontinuity occurring at the time of mask removal and suppressing noise in an output signal of a BPF to a level that does not affect knock detection. Further, by setting the gate period in a peak-hold circuit slightly delayed with respect to the mask removal timing, noise associated with the mask removal is completely eliminated.

Abstract: A method of predicting rupture failure for corroded transmission pipelines uses a model that accounts for the effects of residual and thermal stresses, and settlement of the pipe following installation. The pressure required for failure under a fixed bending moment is different from the pressure required wherein the same bending moment is produced by the settlement of the pipe because the bending compliance increases with plastic straining. The failure criterion depends upon whether or not the hoop strain exceeds the difference between the ultimate hoop strain limit of the material and the remaining hoop strain capacity needed for the material to shed the axial stresses due to bending.

Abstract: A device serves to enable detection of leakages in flange joints in pipelines. Between end faces (22, 24) adjacent, opposing flange pipe ends, a packer (30') has been disposed, the packer being adapted to bear sealingly against seat faces which said end faces (22, 24) exhibit. At each of the opposite side faces of the packer (30'), an annular groove (26', 28') has been formed, said annular grooves being closed and thereafter forming annular cavities when the joint has been established. Between at least one cavity (28') and the surroundings outside the pipeline (14, 16), a fluid connection (38') is established. The packer (30') is formed with a through-going hole (32') establishing fluid-communication between the two annular cavities (26', 28').

Abstract: A test sample of raw or compounded rubber is squeezed from a loading chamber (7) through selectively-aligned passages (8,12) to fill an annular space (1) between a coaxial stator (5) and rotor (4). Measurements of viscous torque are provided by a sensor (15), and a load cell (14) provides measurements of the force exerted axially by the sample. The torque and axial-force measurements are plotted against time (16 FIG. 4, 17 FIG. 5) as representative respectively of the viscosity V and elasticity of recovery E of the sample, and are compared for correspondence (within limits 19, 20) with earlier-plotted characteristics of an acceptable rubber for processing. Temperature of the sample is regulated by a heater (18) and rotation of the rotor (4) is at a speed and for a duration corresponding to that of the next processing stage.

Abstract: A comb-type actuator for movable microelectromechanical structures includes first and second asymmetric sets of interdigitated fingers. Asymmetry is obtained by fabricating on set of fingers to have a greater height than the other set, or by providing electrically insulating segments in one set. Application of a voltage across the sets produces an asymmetric field between them and produces relative motion.

Abstract: A combined atomic force microscope and stylus profilometer adapted to measure critical dimensions on a surface. The stylus profilometer is placed at a first position sufficiently near an edge of a first feature and the atomic force microscope subsequently measures the distance from this first position to the edge. The stylus profilometer is then positioned at a second position sufficiently near an edge of a second feature, measuring the distance from the first position to the second position. The atomic force microscope then measures the distance from the second position to the edge of the second feature.

Abstract: A system for detecting and measuring the height of asperities on a substantially flat solid surface is disclosed. The system includes a glide head assembly for contacting asperities on the substantially flat solid surface and producing a sensor voltage whose frequency response is a function of both the height of the asperities and the location at which the glide head assembly contacts the asperities. The system also includes a signal processing device responsive to the sensor voltage from the glide head assembly for analytically defining a frequency window within which the frequency response of the sensor voltage is relatively independent of the location on the glide head assembly at which the glide head assembly contacts the asperities. The signal processing device measures the height of an encountered asperity by computing an actual RMS voltage within the frequency window of the frequency response of the sensor voltage produced by the glide head assembly after contacting the asperity.

Abstract: The testing device is mounted on a portable stand so that it is easily placed near the aircraft engine to be tested. A source of pressure air is further required for the testing device. A portable source or a shop source is sufficient. The testing device has an output hose connected to a selected port for testing a gear box, sump, etc. The air pressure is adjusted going into the selected port and then the flow of air is measured. The reading obtained therefrom is then compared to a predetermined standard for that particular section to determine if there is a problem therein. If the problem is detected then corrective action is taken to eliminated the problem. This procedure is applied to as many ports as necessary to find the oil pressure problem.

Abstract: A method and system (100) for determining and quantifying the resistance to scuff damage of a film (152) adhered to a substrate (150) of a panel (154), is described. The system includes a computer (102), pressure control valves (104) and a test module (10). The test module has an indentor support plate (12) with an indentor (24 or 224), a compression moving plate (14) and an end plate (16). The plates are connected together by rods (18). The indentor support plate and the end plate are mounted at opposite ends of the rods with the compression moving plate mounted therebetween. An actuator (36) having bellows (42) is mounted between the end plate and the compression moving plate. The panel is mounted on a sliding panel support plate (58) which is connected to a load cell (106). In use, the panel support plate and the panel are positioned between the compression moving plate and the indentor support plate so that the indentor is adjacent the film on the substrate.

Abstract: The invention provides a system for passive measurement of atmospheric temperature using a passive direction detector for detecting the energy of a narrow wavelength band emanating from a volume of atmospheric gas. The resulting signal can be associated with an effective temperature. The effective temperature can be associated with an effective range. The system generates a temperature map which can determine, at predetermined time intervals, atmospheric temperatures in an azimuth plane associated with a predefined range from the detector. The temperature map can then be used to calculate temperature gradients that in turn can be used to compute the vertical wind vector difference and to determine the presence of clear air turbulence.

Abstract: A high speed camera takes an image in the vicinity of a ball 3 and a club head 12, while a high speed camera 5 takes an image in the vicinity of the top of the swing of a golfer 1, and the images are recorded in a high speed video tape recorder 6. The recorded images are reproduced, swing time, a swing speed and a head speed are detected using a personal computer 15, and a shaft with an optimum flex for the golfer is selected based on the swing time, the swing speed, the swing time and the head speed, or the swing speed and the head speed.

Abstract: A method is provided that may be used to design a family of capacitive microaccelerometers with different members of the family having different sensitivities to acceleration without having to make a radical design change to the basic construction. The microaccelerometer is a capacitively sensed angular motion micro-electromechanical system. The microaccelerometer includes a stationary plate electrode and a movable plate electrode substantially parallel with the stationary plate electrode. The movable plate electrode rotates through a dielectric fluid about an axis of rotation parallel to the stationary plate electrode in response to acceleration. The method includes determining the desired sensitivity and changing the stationary plate center of area relative to the movable plate so as to obtain the desired sensitivity.

Abstract: The average wall thickness and the wall-thickness variation of a liquid-carrying pipe are determined. An elastic wave is generated and is measured after traveling a distance along the pipe. From the received wave, the average radius of the pipe, the average inside diameter of the pipe, and the inside diameter variation of the pipe are determined. From the average radius of the pipe and the average inside diameter of the pipe, the average wall thickness of the pipe is determined. From the variations in the average radius of the pipe and the inside diameter variation of the pipe, the wall-thickness variation of the pipe is determined. To determine the average inside diameter of the pipe, the invention relies upon the coupling between the elastic wave modes propagating in the wall of the pipe and the modes propagating in the liquid within the pipe.

Abstract: An approximate straight line A1 of detected values showing magnetic impedance changes relative to a torque change obtained at an end portion (31a) of a body portion (31) of a cup-shaped flexible external gear (3) of a flexible meshing type gear inclines oppositely to an approximate straight line A2 of detected values showing magnetic impedance changes relative to a torque change obtained at a boundary portion (4) between a diaphragm (32) and a boss (33) of the flexible external gear. Based on these two approximate straight lines A1, A2, it is possible to obtain a torque detecting characteristic A3 that passes through a zero point and has a linearity. As a result of this, it is possible to realize a torque detecting device that can detect the rotational torque of the flexible meshing type gear with a configuration different from a conventional one and with accuracy.Based thereupon, it is possible to detect the rotational torque of the flexible meshing type gear with accuracy.

Abstract: An industrial process sensor includes a proximal end, a distal end, a longitudinal axis and an outer diameter surface. A cam follower surface is recessed into the outer diameter surface. A diameter reduction is formed on the outer diameter surface, between the cam follower surface and the distal end. The diameter reduction defines an annular process sealing shoulder that faces the distal end and lies in a plane intersecting the longitudinal axis. A sensor element is carried at the distal end. A cable is electrically coupled to the sensor element and extends from the proximal end.

Abstract: A starter assembly for assisting a user in starting a lawnmower engine includes a base component having two opposing vertical side walls, a vertical rear wall and planar horizontal upper and lower surfaces. A lawnmower may be suspended a predetermined distance above the upper surface by placing its wheels on a pair of opposed ramp members. Attached to a sidewall of the base component is an electric motor which rotatably drives a horizontal bar extending from the upper surface. The rotating bar has a pair of oppositely facing pivoting flaps for engaging a lawnmower blade. The electric motor is selectively activated with a lockable switch disposed on the exterior of the base component. Accordingly, when the electric motor is activated, the bar rotates and the flaps pivot to a vertical position to engage the lawnmower blade to rotate the blade at a speed sufficient to crank the engine.

Abstract: An actuator which makes it possible to avoid adhesion of dust or the like to a driving force-transmitting member, wipe out the fear of stop or breakage thereof, and avoid leakage of dust or the like to the outside. Fixing blocks 26a, 26b are slidably provided via guide blocks 22a to 22d on guide rails 18a, 18b for constructing an actuator 10. Slits 88a, 88b are defined at gaps between a top cover 84 and side covers 82a, 82b. Seal members 94a, 94b are provided for each of the slits 88a, 88b. A forward end of one of the seal members 94b is engaged with a step section 104a or 104b of the other seal member 94a to close the slit 88a, 88b. The fixing blocks 26a, 26b penetrate and protrude through the slits 88a, 88b. The forward ends of the seal members 94a, 94b abut against wall portions of the fixing blocks 26a, 26b to close the gaps disposed at the passages into the inside of the actuator 10.

Abstract: A hydraulic transmission system includes the use of a geared cone 12 having geared rings 46-52 which mesh with respective clutches 30-36 of a drive shaft 16. The clutches 30-36 individually engage by use of hydraulic pressure directed by an input chamber 102. Engagement is accomplished when an internal parted disc 62 separates as a result of hydraulic fluid pressure and engages upon an, otherwise free-wheeling, internal surface of the clutch's external dish 60. When engagement occurs, work is transferred from the input shaft 18, through the gear cone 12, to the dish 60, through the engaged disc 62 and to the drive shaft 16.

Abstract: A shifting mechanism for a mechanical transmission includes a selector shaft having associated shift forks for engaging or disengaging a selected gear ratio and a control rod directionally coupled to the selector shaft for positive rotation while allowing a predetermined relative axial translation. A cylinder assembly is operatively associated with the selector shaft and control rod to provide a fluid coupling which applies a force on the selector shaft in response to the relative translation between the selector shaft and the control rod to reduce the operator effort required to complete a gear shift.

Abstract: According to the invention, when a plurality of radial ribs are formed integrally with the web of a spur gear for the sake of rigidity thereof, the same rigidity as that of heretofore known gears can be assured while increasing the size accuracy of gear in comparison with the usual gears by locating the ribs with outer ends thereof opposed to the base of corresponding teeth.

Abstract: An automatic transmission and transfer case operatively mounted in a four wheel drive vehicle controlled by a single selector lever that is moved to predetermined detented positions along a longitudinal gate to select the transmission drive ranges, reverse, neutral and park. A special pivot construction allows the selector lever to be moved laterally with respect to the normal longitudinal movement for transfer case gear ratio changes and neutral selection. A small lateral gate is employed to receive the selector lever located in alignment with the neutral detent position of the automatic transmission requiring the transmission to be in neutral when the transfer case is shifted. When moved into the lateral gate, the selector lever activates electronic controls effecting operation of a motor for shifting transfer case gear ratios and for selecting transfer case neutral.

Abstract: A method based on precision X-Y stages that are stacked. Attached to arms projecting from each X-Y stage are a set of two axis gimbals. Attached to the gimbals is a rod, which provides motion along the axis of the rod and rotation around its axis. A dual-planar apparatus that provides six degrees of freedom of motion precise to within microns of motion. Precision linear stages along with precision linear motors, encoders, and controls provide a robotics system. The motors can be remotized by incorporating a set of bellows on the motors and can be connected through a computer controller that will allow one to be a master and the other one to be a slave. Position information from the master can be used to control the slave. Forces of interaction of the slave with its environment can be reflected back to the motor control of the master to provide a sense of force sensed by the slave.

Abstract: A fluctuation torque cancellation apparatus which positively cancels a torque fluctuation developing on an input shaft or an output shaft of a motion conversion apparatus for converting a continuous rotational motion of the input shaft into a predetermined-type rotational motion, such as intermittent rotational motions of the output shaft, and includes a torque compensation cam, fixedly mounted on a rotation shaft for rotation therewith and has a cam surface, formed on a peripheral surface which reciprocally moves a slider in a cylinder while rotating a cam follower and with a coil spring, mounted within the cylinder, being compressed and expanded, so that the magnitude of pressing force of the cam follower against the torque compensation cam is varied, thereby cancelling a fluctuation torque applied to the rotation shaft, thus effecting a torque compensation for the motion conversion apparatus and including a source of pressurized air supplied to an air chamber in the cylinder to selectively vary the pressin

Abstract: A modular tool system includes a tool head, a handle, and an intermediate piece disposed therebetween. The handle includes a first pin for coupling the handle to the intermediate piece and the intermediate piece includes a second pin for coupling the intermediate piece to the tool head. The first and second pins each include a splined portion for engaging splined orifices in the handle and intermediate pieces, respectively, and a shank for removably engaging shank-receiving orifices in the intermediate piece and the tool head, respectively. When the shanks are engaged with their respective shank-receiving orifices, the handle can be moved along the first pin to selectively lock the handle to the intermediate piece and the intermediate piece can be moved along the second pin to selectively lock the intermediate piece to the tool head.

Abstract: An adjustable socket wrench has only two components, namely, a collet driver with movable jaws and a circumscribing adjustable sleeve. Positive detent positioning of the fastener engaging jaws is obtained by rotation of the adjusting sleeve which radially moves the jaws inwardly or outwardly without axial movement of any parts.

Abstract: An adjustable wrench utilizes a drive member housed in a wrench body. The drive member has a cylindrical drive element having external male threads formed thereon, onto which a guide block is mounted by means of a bore, within which female threads, complementary to the male threads, are formed extending longitudinally through the guide block, so that the drive element extends through the bore with the male and female threads in engagement with one another, whereby rotation of the drive element is operable to move the guide block longitudinally along the drive element. A drive knob is fixed to and manually operable for selectively rotating the drive element. A pair of alignment arms connect a movable jaw element to the guide block so that the movable jaw element faces and is displaced from the drive block in longitudinal alignment with the bore and is separated from the drive knob by the drive block.

Abstract: A tool includes a driving head rotatably secured to one end of a handle which has an orifice and an aperture intersected with each other. A pawl has a rod slidably engaged with the orifice and has a tooth for engaging with the driving head. A spring may bias and move the rod to slide along the orifice and to force the tooth of the pawl to engage with the driving head and for selectively securing the driving head to the handle at any selected angular position. The tool includes few parts and elements which may be easily and quickly assembled.

Abstract: A pliers is composed of a first long member and a second long member having a middle neck portion which is provided with a long slot. Pivoted to the first long member is a stopping member, which is located in the long slot and provided with a serrated portion engageable with teeth of the long slot. A first spring is fitted over a second support arm which forms an angle with a first support arm. A second spring is fastened at one end thereof with a grip end of the first long member, and at another end thereof with a grip end of the second long member. The first and the second long members are forced by the springs to open up completely in the absence of an external force exerting on the pliers.

Abstract: A chain pliers (10) comprising a body (12) and a first jaw (14). A component (16) is for attaching in a stationary manner the first jaw (14) to a top end (18) of the body (12). A second jaw (20) is provided. An element (22) is for attaching in a pivotal manner the second jaw (20) to the top end (18) of the body (12) opposite from the first jaw (14). A vise grip assembly (24) is between the body (12) and the second jaw (20). A person can operate with one hand the vise grip assembly (24) and move the second jaw (20) towards the first jaw (14), to engage with opposite ends of a chain (26) to tighten the chain (26).

Abstract: In order to improve a multiple-spindle turning machine comprising a machine frame, a spindle drum arranged to rotate relative to the machine frame around a drum axis having a number of work piece spindles movable in the direction of rotation, said work piece spindles being respectively provided with a work piece receiving means for a work piece, and a number of stations, comprising at least one machining station, arranged consecutively on the machine frame in the direction of rotation of the work pieces corresponding to the number of work piece spindles, in such a way that the number of tools which may be used can be increased at low expense, it is proposed that for machining the work pieces, the at least one machining station has a first and a second spindle position, which are arranged at an angular distance from one another relative to the drum axis; that the spindle drum is rotatable in such a manner that a work piece spindle with a work piece may be positioned in each of the spindle positions; and that e

Abstract: A side activated clamping mechanism is disclosed for detachably connecting a tool unit to a tool support housing. The tool unit has a shank with openings which are engaged by locking elements extending radially from apertures in a canister mounted within the tool support housing. Mechanical advantage of the locking elements may be increased by angling the locking element contact surfaces relative to one another. The locking elements are driven along a ball track on a reciprocating lock rod. To accommodate the angle between the contact surfaces, the ball track must be angled.

Abstract: A method of cutting is described, utilizing a specialized utility cutting tool. The tool has a fixed jaw, a movable handle, a blade, and a connecting link. The blade is inserted into a channel formed in the fixed jaw for stability, and is pivotally connected to that fixed jaw. The blade is connected to the connecting link which is connected at an opposite end to the movable handle, so that moving the movable handle toward a handle of the fixed jaw moves the blade. The connecting link provides a mechanical advantage to apply more force to an item to be cut than would be possible without the connecting link. An anvil is mounted in a channel formed in a substantially straight edge of the fixed jaw, and the sharp edge of the blade is moved toward that anvil as the handles of the fixed and movable handles are squeezed together.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for operating a screw drive apparatus. The apparatus may include a threaded rod having a helical thread, a nut disposed about the threaded rod and having a load-bearing channel aligned with and radially outward from the helical thread, and a plurality of balls between the helical thread and the load-bearing channel. The apparatus may further include a housing with at least one support bearing having an inner race coupled to the nut and an outer race coupled to the housing and rotatable relative to the inner race. A retaining member is removably and adjustably coupled to the nut to apply an adjustable force against the support bearing in a direction generally parallel to a longitudinal axis of the threaded rod.

Abstract: The knife comprises a block (1) with a front face (3) in which a diamond blade (9) with a frontal surface (10) which is preferably coplanar with the front face (3), is held. The diamond blade (9) has a back surface (11) forming a cutting edge (12) together with the frontal surface (10). A plastic insert (14), preferably of epoxy resin, adjoins the back surface (11) spaced from the cutting edge (12). The insert (14) has a plane upper surface (15) whose plane intersects the frontal surface (10) at an angle of 80.degree. to 87.degree., preferably about 84.degree.. Thereby sectioning and section pick-up under a stereo microscope are facilitated.